JP3149785B2 - Control device for hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control device for a hybrid vehicle, and more particularly, to a control method for a non-drive state such as an N range.
The present invention relates to a technique for reducing a shift shock or the like when switching to a driving state such as a range.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An engine operated by fuel combustion and an electric motor operated by electric energy are provided as power sources for driving a vehicle, and the engine and the electric motor are operated in a plurality of operation modes different from each other. In addition, a hybrid vehicle in which power transmission means having a non-drive state in which power transmission is interrupted and a drive state in which power transmission is performed is disposed between the engine and the electric motor and drive wheels is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. -67208. The operation modes include an engine operation mode in which the vehicle runs using only the engine as the power source, a motor operation mode in which the vehicle runs using only the electric motor as the power source,
There are an engine / motor operation mode in which both the engine and the electric motor run as a power source. The required output (accelerator operation amount, etc.), the vehicle speed, the power storage amount SO of the power storage device are provided.
Usually, switching is performed according to a predetermined switching condition in accordance with C or the like.

A power transmission means is a transmission capable of changing a gear ratio, for example, a stepped automatic transmission in which a plurality of gears having different gear ratios are established by engagement and release control of engagement means such as clutches and brakes. Transmissions and continuously variable transmissions such as a belt type or a toroidal type which continuously change the gear ratio are widely used. These power transmission means include a non-drive state in which power transmission such as N (neutral) and P (parking) is interrupted, and a drive state in which power transmission such as D (drive) and R (reverse) is performed. In general, the transmission is switched in accordance with a driver's switching operation by transmission state switching means such as a shift lever or a manual shift valve.

[0004]

However, in such a hybrid vehicle, when the power transmission means is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state, the power source is changed by changing the accelerator operation amount or switching the operation mode. When the output state changes, the switching to the driving state may not be performed smoothly or a shift shock (driving force fluctuation) may occur.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an engine and an electric motor as a power source, and to provide the engine and the electric motor with drive wheels. Another object of the present invention is to reduce a shift shock or the like when the power transmission means is switched from a non-drive state to a drive state in a hybrid vehicle in which power transmission means such as a transmission is disposed.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides (a) an engine which operates by burning fuel and an electric motor which operates by electric energy as power sources for driving a vehicle. (B) mode switching means for switching to a plurality of operation modes in which the operation states of the engine and the electric motor are different according to a predetermined switching condition; and (c) a non-drive state and a power supply for interrupting power transmission. A power transmission means disposed between the engine and the electric motor and the driving wheels, and (d) a non-drive state and a drive state of the power transmission means. And (e) driving the power transmission means from a non-driving state by the transmission state switching means. When switched to the state it is characterized by having a mode switching restriction means for inhibiting switching of the operation mode. The first invention is the invention of claim 1.
Is equivalent to

The second invention comprises (a) an engine which operates by burning fuel and an electric motor which operates by electric energy as a power source when the vehicle is running, and (b) a non-power source for interrupting power transmission. A power transmitting means having a driving state and a driving state for transmitting power, the power transmitting means being disposed between the engine and the electric motor and the driving wheels; and (c) the non-driving state and driving of the power transmitting means. (D) when the power transmission means is switched from a non-driving state to a driving state by the transmission state switching means, the transmission state switching means switching a state according to a driver's switching operation. Is characterized by having an input cutoff means for cutting off power transmission from the power source to the power transmission means.

The third invention comprises (a) an engine operated by fuel combustion and an electric motor operated by electric energy as power sources for running the vehicle, while (b) hydraulic friction engagement means. A power transmission means which is switched between a non-drive state in which power transmission is interrupted and a drive state in which power transmission is performed, and which is disposed between the engine and the electric motor and the driving wheels; and A transmission state switching means for switching a non-driving state and a driving state of the means in accordance with a driver's switching operation, wherein the transmission state switching means changes the power transmission means from the non-driving state. When switching to the driving state, it is determined whether or not the engagement of the hydraulic friction engagement means has been completed, and the output state of the power source is substantially constant until the engagement is completed. It is characterized by having output control means for maintaining the output power. In a fourth aspect based on the first to third aspects, the power transmission means is switched between a non-drive state in which power transmission is interrupted by a hydraulic friction engagement means and a drive state in which power transmission is performed, or It is a continuously variable transmission. The first invention is a fourth invention
The application of is equivalent to the second aspect of the present invention. In a fifth aspect based on the fourth aspect, after it is determined that the engagement of the hydraulic friction engagement means is completed, the control by the mode switching limiting means, the input cutoff means, or the output control means is released. It is characterized by the following. The fourth invention is applied
The fifth invention is applied to the first invention (the invention of claim 2).
This corresponds to the invention of claim 3.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the power transmission means is switched from the non-driving state to the driving state, the switching of the operation mode is prohibited. Therefore, the output state of the power source caused by the switching of the operation mode is suppressed. Fluctuation is prevented, the switching of the power transmission means to the driving state is performed smoothly, and the occurrence of shift shock is suppressed.

In the second invention, when the power cutoff means is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state, the power transmission from the power source to the power transmission means is cut off, so that the accelerator operation amount changes and the operation mode is switched. Irrespective of fluctuations in the output state of the power source due to such factors, switching to the driving state of the power transmission means is performed smoothly, and the occurrence of shift shock and the like is suppressed.

In the third aspect, when the power transmission means is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state, the output state of the power source is maintained substantially constant, so that the switching of the power transmission means to the drive state is performed smoothly. This is performed and the occurrence of a shift shock is suppressed.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention relates to a switching type in which a power source is switched by connecting / disconnecting power transmission by, for example, a clutch, and a combination of a planetary gear unit and the like, and an output of an engine and an electric motor by a distribution mechanism. , And an assist type that uses an electric motor as an auxiliary, and can be applied to various types of hybrid vehicles that include an engine and an electric motor as power sources for running the vehicle. The plurality of operation modes include an engine operation mode in which the vehicle runs using only the engine as the power source, a motor operation mode in which the vehicle runs using only the electric motor as the power source, and an engine / motor operation mode in which the vehicle runs using both the engine and the electric motor as the power source. The switching conditions for switching the operation modes are determined as parameters such as a required output (accelerator operation amount or the like), a vehicle speed, and a state of charge SOC of the power storage device.

A first rotating element connected to the engine, a second rotating element connected to a motor generator (electric motor), and a third rotating element connected to an output member (and power transmission means); In a hybrid vehicle having a combined distribution mechanism such as a planetary gear device that mechanically combines and distributes force between them, if the motor generator is allowed to rotate freely with no load, the power from the engine to the output member can be increased. Since the transmission is cut off, in the engine operation mode in which only the engine is used as the power source, the input cut-off means of the second invention can be constituted by the means for setting the motor generator in a no-load state.

As the power transmission means, an automatic transmission of a planetary gear type or the like in which a driving state and a non-driving state by a hydraulic friction engagement means such as a hydraulic clutch and a brake, and further, a gear stage is switched is preferably used. However, it is also possible to use a continuously variable transmission or a means transmission. The transmission state switching means includes, for example, an operation means such as a shift lever, and a manual shift valve mechanically connected to the operation means to switch a hydraulic circuit.

The output control means of the third aspect of the present invention is only required to maintain the output state of the entire power source substantially constant. For example, the operation states of the engine and the electric motor are kept constant regardless of the change in the accelerator operation amount. Although it is configured to maintain, in the case of the engine operation mode, the engine output may be changed according to the change in the accelerator operation amount, and the electric motor may be operated so as to cancel the change. It is desirable to keep the output state of the power source substantially constant during the implementation of the first invention. However, the first invention only requires that the operation mode switching be prohibited. The output state of the engine or the electric motor may be changed accordingly. Also in the second invention, it is possible to change the output state of the engine or the electric motor according to a change in the accelerator operation amount or the like.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram of a hybrid drive device 10 of a hybrid vehicle including a control device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, this hybrid drive unit 10 is for an FR (front engine / rear drive) vehicle, and includes an engine 12 such as an internal combustion engine that operates by burning fuel and an electric motor that operates by electric energy. A motor generator 14, a single pinion type planetary gear set 16, and an automatic transmission 18 are provided along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the left and right are output from an output shaft 19 via a propeller shaft (not shown) or a differential device. The driving force is transmitted to the driving wheels (rear wheels).

The planetary gear unit 16 is a composite distributing mechanism for mechanically distributing and distributing force. The planetary gear unit 16 constitutes an electric torque converter 24 together with the motor generator 14.
r is connected to the engine 12 via the first clutch CE _1, sun gear 16s is connected to the rotor shaft 14r of the motor generator 14, the carrier 16c automatic transmission 18
Are connected to the input shaft 26. Sun gear 16s
And carrier 16c is adapted to be connected by the second clutch CE _2.

[0019] The output of the engine 12 is transmitted rotation fluctuation and the flywheel 28 and the spring for suppressing the torque variation, the first clutch CE ₁ via a damper device 30 by the elastic member such as rubber. Each of the first clutch CE ₁ and the second clutch CE ₂ is a friction type multi-plate clutch that is engaged and released by a hydraulic actuator.

The automatic transmission 18 is a combination of an auxiliary transmission 20 composed of a front type overdrive planetary gear unit, and a main transmission 22 having four forward and one reverse stages composed of a simple connection of three planetary gear trains. . In this embodiment, the automatic transmission 18 corresponds to the power transmission means.

More specifically, the auxiliary transmission 20 is a single pini
ON type planetary gear set 32 and hydraulic actuator
Hydraulic clutch C frictionally engaged₀ , Bray
Key B ₀ And one-way clutch F₀ And is configured with
You. The main transmission 22 has three sets of single pinion type.
Planetary gear units 34, 36, 38, and hydraulic actuator
Hydraulic clutch C frictionally engaged by₁ ,
C_Two , Brake B₁ , B_Two , B_Three , B_Four And a one-way club
Switch F₁ , F_Two It is comprised including.

The hydraulic circuit 40 is energized and de-energized by the solenoid valves SL1 to SL4 shown in FIG.
4 or the hydraulic circuit 40 is mechanically switched by a manual shift valve 44 connected to a shift lever 42 via a push-pull cable 43, as shown in FIG.
_0, C _1, C _2, brake _{B 0, B 1, B 2} , B 3, B
₄ are respectively engaged and disengaged, and as shown in FIG. 3, the neutral (N) and the forward five steps (1st to 5t)
h), the first reverse speed (Rev) is established.

The automatic transmission 18 and the electric torque converter 24 are configured substantially symmetrically with respect to the center line, and the lower half of the center line is omitted in FIG.

In the clutch, brake, and one-way clutch columns of FIG. 3, "O" indicates engagement, and "●" indicates that the shift lever 42 is in the engine brake range, for example, "3", "2", and "L" ranges. Engaged when operated to the low speed range of
A blank indicates non-engagement.

In this case, the neutral N, the reverse gear Rev, and the engine brake range are established when the hydraulic circuit 40 is mechanically switched by the manual shift valve 44 connected to the shift lever 42, and the forward shift is established. The shifts between the first to fifth stages are electrically controlled by solenoid valves SL1 to SL4.

The gear ratio of the forward gear is 5 from 1st.
and the speed ratio i _{4 of the} 4th is 1 and the speed ratio i ₅ of the _5th is smaller than the auxiliary transmission 2
Assuming that the gear ratio of the planetary gear device 32 of 0 is ρ (= the number of teeth of the sun gear Z _S / the number of teeth of the ring gear Z _R <1), 1 / (1+
ρ). Gear ratio i _R of the reverse speed Rev, respectively [rho ₂ the gear ratio of the planetary gear 36 and 38, a 1-1 / ρ ₂ · ρ ₃ When [rho _3. FIG. 3 shows an example of the gear ratio of each gear.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the manual shift valve 44 connected to the shift lever 42. In the figure,
Line pressure is applied to the manual shift valve 44 from a primary regulator valve (not shown) via an oil passage 45. When the shift lever 42 is operated to the N range or the P range as a neutral range, the flow path from the oil passage 45 to the oil passage 47 and the oil passage 48 is blocked by the spool 46, so that the clutch C ₁ , hydraulic to any C ₂ is mechanically established neutral without being supplied.

On the other hand, when the shift lever 42 is operated to the D range or the engine brake range, the oil passage 47 is conducted in accordance with the movement of the spool 46, so that the hydraulic pressure is applied to the clutch C ₁ (forward clutch). When the supply lever is supplied to mechanically establish a forward state, and the shift lever 42 is operated to the R range, the oil passage 48 is conducted in accordance with the movement of the spool 46, so that the clutch C ₂ (direct The clutch is supplied with hydraulic pressure to mechanically establish a reverse state.

FIG. 5 shows the operating position of the shift lever 42. In the figure, a shift lever 4 is provided by a support device (not shown) that operably supports the shift lever 42 to eight operation positions by a combination of six operation positions in the front-back direction of the vehicle and two operation positions in the left-right direction of the vehicle.
2 are supported. 6 in the front-rear direction of the shift lever 42
The four operation positions correspond to the P range to the L range in FIG. In this embodiment, the shift lever 4
2 and the manual shift valve 44 correspond to the transmission state switching means.

As shown in the operation table of FIG.
Shifting between the gear stage (2nd) and third shift stage (3rd) will clutch-changing the engagement-released state of the second brake B ₂ and the third brake B ₃ together.
The circuit shown in FIG. 6 is incorporated in the above-described hydraulic circuit 40 in order to smoothly perform this shift.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 70 denotes a 1-2 shift valve, and reference numeral 71 denotes a 2-3 shift valve.
Reference numeral 72 indicates a 3-4 shift valve. The communication state of each port of these shift valves 70, 71, 72 at each shift speed is determined by the respective shift valves 70, 7
1 and 72 are shown below. The numbers indicate the respective gears.

A third brake B ₃ is connected to an oil passage 7 at a brake port 74 communicating with the input port 73 at the first and second shift speeds among the ports of the 2-3 shift valve 71.
5 are connected. This oil passage has an orifice 7
6 is interposed, the damper valve 77 is connected between the orifice 76 and the third brake B _3.
The damper valve 77 is configured to perform a buffering action by inhalation of a small amount of hydraulic pressure when the line pressure to the third brake B ₃ is rapidly supplied.

Further numeral 78 is a B-3 control valve has a third engaging pressure of the brake B ₃ to be directly controlled by the B-3 control valve 78. That is, the B-3 control valve 78
Is provided with a spool 79, a plunger 80, and a spring 81 interposed therebetween, and an oil passage 75 is connected to an input port 82 opened and closed by the spool 79,
The output port 83 to be brought selectively communicating with the input port 82 is connected to the third brake B _3. Further, the output port 83 is connected to a feedback port 84 formed on the distal end side of the spool 79.

On the other hand, among the ports of the 2-3 shift valve 71, a port 86 for outputting the D range pressure at the third or higher speed is an oil passage. It is communicated via 87. Further, a linear solenoid valve SLU is connected to a control port 88 formed on the end side of the plunger 80.

Therefore, the B-3 control valve 7
8 is configured such that the pressure adjustment level is set by the elastic force of the spring 81 and the hydraulic pressure supplied to the port 85, and the elastic force of the spring 81 increases as the signal pressure supplied to the control port 88 increases. ing.

Further, reference numeral 89 in FIG.
The 2-3 timing valve 89 includes a spool 90 having a small-diameter land and two large-diameter lands, a first plunger 91, and a spring 92 and a spool 90 disposed therebetween. First
And a second plunger 93 disposed on the opposite side to the plunger 91 of the second embodiment.

An oil passage 95 is connected to a port 94 at an intermediate portion of the 2-3 timing valve 89.
Reference numeral 5 denotes a port of the 2-3 shift valve 71 which is connected to a port 96 which is communicated with the brake port 74 at the third or higher speed.

Further, the oil passage 95 branches on the way.
Port 9 opening between the small land and the large land
7 is connected via an orifice. A port 98 selectively connected to the intermediate port 94 is connected to a solenoid relay valve 100 via an oil passage 99.

[0039] Then, the linear solenoid valve SLU is connected to the port that is open to an end portion of the first plunger 91, also the second brake B ₂ is an orifice to a port that opens to the end of the second plunger 93 Connected through.

[0040] The oil passage 87 is for the purpose of supplying and discharging the hydraulic pressure to the second brake B _2, a small diameter orifice 101 and a check ball with the orifice 102 is interposed in the midway. Further, the oil passage 103 branched from the oil passage 87, the large-diameter orifice 1 having a check ball to open when the pressure discharged from the second brake B ₂
The oil passage 103 is connected to an orifice control valve 105 described below.

The orifice control valve 105 is a valve for controlling the exhaust pressure speed from the second brake B _2. The orifice control valve 105 has a second brake B at a port 107 formed at an intermediate portion so as to be opened and closed by a spool 106. _Two
The oil passage 103 is connected to a port 108 formed below the port 107 in the figure.

Port 1 to which the second brake B ₂ is connected
The port 109 formed on the upper side in FIG. 7 is a port selectively communicated with the drain port. The port 109 is connected to the port 111 of the B-3 control valve 78 via an oil passage 110. It is connected. Incidentally, this port 111 is a port that is not selectively communicating the output port 83 is connected to the third brake B _3.

A control port 112 formed at the end of the port of the orifice control valve 105 opposite to the spring for pressing the spool 106 is connected to a port 114 of the 3-4 shift valve 72 via an oil passage 113. ing. This port 114 outputs the signal pressure of the third solenoid valve SL3 at a speed lower than the third speed,
Further, it is a port for outputting a signal pressure of the fourth solenoid valve SL4 at a speed higher than the fourth speed.

Further, an oil passage 115 branched from the oil passage 95 is connected to the orifice control valve 105, and the oil passage 115 is selectively connected to a drain port.

In the 2-3 shift valve 71, a port 116 for outputting the D-range pressure at a speed lower than the second speed is opened at a portion of the 2-3 timing valve 89 where a spring 92 is disposed. The port 117 is connected via an oil passage 118. A port 119 of the 3-4 shift valve 72 which is communicated with the oil passage 87 at a speed lower than the third speed is connected to the solenoid relay valve 100 via an oil passage 120.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 121 denotes the second
Indicates an accumulator for the brake B _2, accumulator control pressure linear solenoid valve SLN is pressure regulated in accordance with the hydraulic pressure output is supplied to the back pressure chamber. The accumulator control pressure is configured to increase as the output pressure of the linear solenoid valve SLN decreases. Thus, transient oil pressure of the second brake B ₂ engagement and release, the signal pressure of the linear solenoid valve SLN is adapted to remain at lower higher pressures.

Further, reference numeral 122 denotes a C-0 exhaust valve, and further reference numeral 123 denotes an accumulator for the clutch C _0. C-0 exhaust valve 1
22 is to operate to engage the clutch C ₀ in order to engine brake only at the second gear of the second speed range.

[0048] Thus, according to the hydraulic circuit 40 described above, if the port 111 of the B-3 control valve 78 if communicating with the drain, the 3 B-3 the engagement pressure of the brake B ₃ Control - by Rubarubu 78 The pressure can be adjusted directly, and the pressure adjustment level can be changed by the linear solenoid valve SLU.

The orifice control valve 10
5 of the spool 106, if the position shown in the left half of the figure, the second brake B ₂ allows ejection pressure through the orifice control valve 105, thus second
It is possible to control the drain rate from the brake B _2.

[0050] Further, the shift from the second gear position to the third gear position, second with slowly releasing the third brake B ₃ 2
But not so-called clutch-to-clutch shifting gently engage the brake B ₂ is carried out, in advance estimating the input torque to the input shaft 26 prior to the shifting, the linear solenoid valve on the basis of the input torque estimation value the third shift shock by controlling the disengagement transition pressure of the brake B ₃ driven by SLU can be suitably reduced.

As shown in FIG. 2, the hybrid drive device 10 includes a hybrid control controller 50 and an automatic transmission control controller 52. Each of these controllers 50 and 52 is provided with a microcomputer having a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like, and respectively has an engine torque T _E , a motor torque T _M , an engine speed N _E , a motor speed N _M , and a vehicle speed V ( Automatic transmission 1
Corresponds to the output shaft rotational speed N _O 8), the accelerator operation amount theta _AC,
The input shaft speed N _{I of the} automatic transmission 18, the amount of charge SOC of the power storage device 58, the ON / OFF of the brake, the shift lever 4
Various information such as the operation range 2 is read from various detection means and the like, and signal processing is performed according to a preset program.

[0052] The engine torque T _E is determined from a throttle valve opening and the fuel injection amount, the motor torque T _M is determined from a motor current, the electricity storage amount SOC is during charging of the motor generator 14 functions as a generator It is determined from the motor current and charging efficiency.

The output of the engine 12 is controlled in accordance with the operating state by controlling the throttle valve opening, fuel injection amount, ignition timing and the like by the hybrid control controller 50.

As shown in FIG. 7, the motor generator 14 is connected to a power storage device 58 such as a battery via an M / G controller (inverter) 56. The power storage device 58 is controlled by a hybrid control controller 50. And a charge state in which electric energy is supplied to the power storage device 58 by functioning as a generator by regenerative braking (electric braking torque of the motor generator 14 itself). The state is switched to a no-load state in which the rotor shaft 14r is allowed to rotate freely.

The first clutch CE ₁ and the second clutch CE ₂ are connected to the hybrid control controller 50.
As a result, the hydraulic circuit 40 is switched via an electromagnetic valve or the like, whereby the engaged or released state is switched.

The automatic transmission 18 is controlled by the automatic transmission control controller 52 to operate the solenoid valves SL1 to SL1.
SL4, linear solenoid valve SLU, SLT, SL
By controlling the excitation state of N and switching the hydraulic circuit 40 or performing hydraulic control, the gear stage is switched according to the operating state.

The hybrid control controller 50
For example, Japanese Patent Application No. 7-294 filed earlier by the applicant of the present application
As described in No. 148, one of the nine operation modes shown in FIG. 9 is selected according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 8, and the engine 12 and the electric torque converter 24 are operated in the selected mode. In this embodiment, FIG.
Corresponds to the mode switching means.

In FIG. 8, it is determined in step S1 whether or not an engine start request has been made, for example, to run the vehicle using the engine 12 as a power source, or to rotate the motor generator 14 by the engine 12 to charge the power storage device 58. Then, it is determined whether or not a command to start the engine 12 has been issued.

Here, if there is a start request, mode 9 is selected in step S2. Mode 9, the engine 12 via the planetary gear unit 16 by the first clutch CE ₁ As is apparent from FIG. 9 engaged (ON), the second clutch CE ₂ engaged (ON), the motor generator 14 , And performs engine start control such as fuel injection to start the engine 12.

This mode 9 is performed with the automatic transmission 18 in neutral when the vehicle is stopped, and when the vehicle is running using only the motor generator 14 with the first clutch CE ₁ released as in mode 1, the first mode is used. Clutch CE
₁ is engaged, the motor generator 14 is operated with an output higher than the required output required for traveling, and the engine 12 is rotationally driven with a margin output higher than the required output.

Further, even when the vehicle is running, it is possible to temporarily execute the mode 9 with the automatic transmission 18 in neutral. Thus, the motor generator 14
As a result, the starter (electric motor or the like) dedicated to starting is not required, the number of components is reduced, and the apparatus is inexpensive.

On the other hand, if the determination in step S1 is denied, that is, if there is no engine start request, step S3 is executed to determine whether there is a request for braking force, for example, whether the brake is ON. Or shift lever 42
Is an engine brake range such as L or 2 (a range in which shift control is performed only at a low shift speed and engine brake and regenerative braking are applied), and whether an accelerator operation amount θ _AC is 0 or simply It is determined by whether the operation amount θ _AC is 0 or not.

If this determination is affirmative, step S
Execute Step 4. In step S4, it is determined whether or not the state of charge SOC of power storage device 58 is equal to or greater than a predetermined maximum state of charge B. If SOC ≧ B, mode 8 is selected in step S5, and if SOC <B, step 8 is selected. Mode 6 is selected in S6. The maximum power storage amount B is the maximum power storage amount allowed to charge the power storage device 58 with electric energy, and is set to a value of, for example, about 80% based on the charging / discharging efficiency of the power storage device 58 and the like.

Mode 8 selected in step S5
As shown in FIG. 9, the first clutch CE ₁ is engaged (ON), the second clutch CE ₂ is engaged (ON), the motor generator 14 is in a no-load state, and the engine 12
Is stopped, that is, the throttle valve is closed, and the fuel injection amount is set to 0, whereby the braking force due to the rubbing rotation of the engine 12, that is, the engine brake is applied to the vehicle, and the brake operation by the driver is reduced. Driving operation becomes easy. Further, since motor generator 14 is set in a no-load state and is freely rotated, it is possible to avoid a situation where power storage amount SOC of power storage device 58 becomes excessive and impairs performance such as charge / discharge efficiency.

[0065] Mode 6 is selected in step S6, disengaging the first clutch CE ₁ As is apparent from FIG. 9 (OF
F), the second clutch CE ₂ is engaged (ON), the engine 12 is stopped, and the motor generator 14 is charged, and the motor generator 14 is rotationally driven by the kinetic energy of the vehicle. Since the power storage device 58 is charged and a regenerative braking force such as an engine brake is applied to the vehicle, the braking operation by the driver is reduced and the driving operation is facilitated.

Further, since the first clutch CE ₁ is released and the engine 12 is shut off, the operation is executed when there is no energy loss due to the rubbing of the engine 12 and the charged amount SOC is smaller than the maximum charged amount B. Therefore, the amount of charge SOC of the power storage device 58 does not become excessive and the performance such as charge / discharge efficiency is not impaired.

On the other hand, if the judgment in step S3 is negative, that is, if there is no request for the braking force, step S7 is executed.
Is performed, and it is determined whether or not the start of the engine is requested, for example, based on whether the vehicle is stopped during traveling using the engine 12 as a power source such as mode 3, that is, whether or not the vehicle speed V = 0.

If this judgment is affirmed, step S8 is executed. In step S8, it is determined whether or not the accelerator is ON, that is, whether or not the accelerator operation amount θ _AC is larger than a predetermined value of substantially zero. If the accelerator is ON, mode 5 is selected in step S9, and the accelerator is ON. If not, mode 7 is selected in step S10.

Mode 5 selected in step S9
Is a first clutch CE ₁ As is apparent from FIG. 9 engaged (ON), and second releasing clutch CE ₂ (OFF),
With the engine 12 in the operating state, the motor generator 14
The vehicle is started by controlling the regenerative braking torque of the vehicle.

More specifically, assuming that the gear ratio of the planetary gear unit 16 is ρ _E , the engine torque T _E : the output torque of the planetary gear unit 16: the motor torque T _M = 1: (1+
ρ _E ): ρ _E. For example, if the gear ratio ρ _E is set to about 0.5 which is a general value, the motor generator 14 shares half of the engine torque T _E , so that the engine torque T A torque approximately 1.5 times _E is output from the carrier 14c.

That is, it is possible to start a high torque of (1 + ρ _E ) / ρ _E times the torque of motor generator 14. Further, if the motor current is cut off and the motor generator 14 is put in a no-load state, the output from the carrier 14c is reduced to zero only by rotating the rotor shaft 56 in the reverse direction.
And the vehicle is stopped.

That is, the planetary gear device 16 in this case functions as a starting clutch and a torque amplifying device. By gradually increasing the motor torque (regenerative braking torque) T _M from 0 to increase the reaction force, in (1 + ρ _E) times the output torque of the engine torque T _E it is possible to smoothly start the vehicle.

In this embodiment, a motor generator having a torque capacity approximately ρ _E times the maximum torque of the engine 12, that is, a motor generator 14 as small and small as possible while ensuring the required torque is used. ,
The device is compact and inexpensive.

In this embodiment, the output of the engine 12 is increased by increasing the throttle valve opening and the fuel injection amount in response to the increase in the motor torque T _M. thereby preventing engine stall or the like due to the reduction of the engine rotational speed N _E with.

The mode 7 selected in step S10 is
As can be appreciated the first clutch CE ₁ engages from FIG 9 (O
N), and second releasing clutch CE ₂ and (OFF), the engine 12 as a driving state, in which the electrically neutral motor-generator 14 as a no-load condition, the rotor shaft 14r is opposite direction of the motor-generator 14 The rotation of the input shaft 2 of the automatic transmission 18
The output for 6 becomes zero. Accordingly, it is not necessary to stop the engine 12 one by one when the vehicle is stopped while running using the engine 12 as a power source, such as in mode 3, and the engine can be started in mode 5 substantially.

On the other hand, if the determination in step S7 is negative, that is, if there is no request to start the engine, step S11 is executed, and the required output Pd is set to the first preset value.
It is determined whether the value is equal to or less than the determination value P1. The required output Pd is an output necessary for the running of the vehicle including the running resistance, and is the accelerator operation amount θ _AC , its changing speed, the vehicle speed V (the output shaft rotation speed N _O ),
Based on the gear position of the automatic transmission 18 and the like, it is calculated by a predetermined data map, an arithmetic expression or the like.

The first determination value P1 is a boundary value between a medium load region where the vehicle runs only using the engine 12 as a power source and a low load region where the vehicle runs only using the motor generator 14 as a power source. In consideration of the energy efficiency, the exhaust gas amount, the fuel consumption amount, and the like are determined by experiments and the like so as to be as small as possible.

If the determination in step S11 is affirmative,
That is, when the required output Pd is equal to or less than the first determination value P1, it is determined in step S12 whether or not the state of charge SOC is equal to or greater than the preset minimum amount of charge A. If SOC ≧ A, the mode 1 is determined in step S13. Select On the other hand, SOC <A
If so, the mode 3 is selected in step S14.

The minimum power storage amount A is the minimum power storage amount allowed to take out electric energy from power storage device 58 when the vehicle runs using motor generator 14 as a power source, and is based on the charging / discharging efficiency of power storage device 58 and the like. For example, 7
A value of about 0% is set.

[0080] The mode 1, the 9 apparent to first release the clutch CE ₁ from to (OFF), the second clutch CE ₂ engaged (ON), to stop the engine 12,
The motor generator 14 is driven to rotate at the required output Pd, and the vehicle runs using only the motor generator 14 as a power source.

Also in this case, since the first clutch CE ₁ is released and the engine 12 is shut off, the friction loss is small as in the case of the mode 6, and the efficiency of the automatic transmission 18 is controlled by appropriately shifting the speed. Good motor drive control is possible.

This mode 1 is executed when the required output Pd is in a low load region where the required output Pd is equal to or smaller than the first determination value P1 and the state of charge SOC of the power storage device 58 is equal to or larger than the minimum state of charge A. Energy efficiency is superior to that when traveling as a power source, fuel consumption and exhaust gas can be reduced, and the state of charge SOC of the power storage device 58 has a minimum state of charge A
The performance such as charge / discharge efficiency is not impaired.

The mode 3 selected in step S14 is
As is clear from FIG. 9, the first clutch CE ₁ and the second clutch CE ₁
The clutch CE ₂ is engaged (ON) together, the engine 12 is driven, the motor generator 14 is charged by regenerative braking, and is generated by the motor generator 14 while the vehicle is running at the output of the engine 12. Electric energy is charged in the power storage device 58. The engine 12 is operated at an output higher than the required output Pd, and the current control of the motor generator 14 is performed so that the motor generator 14 consumes a marginal power greater than the required output Pd.

On the other hand, if the determination in step S11 is negative, that is, if the required output Pd is larger than the first determination value P1, the required output Pd is determined in step S15.
It is determined whether d is greater than the first determination value P1 and less than the second determination value P2, that is, whether P1 <Pd <P2.

The second determination value P2 is a boundary value between a middle load region where the vehicle runs only using the engine 12 as a power source and a high load region where the vehicle runs using both the engine 12 and the motor generator 14 as the power sources. In consideration of energy efficiency including time, exhaust gas amount, fuel consumption amount and the like are determined in advance by experiments and the like so as to minimize the amount of exhaust gas and fuel consumption.

If P1 <Pd <P2, it is determined in step S16 whether or not SOC ≧ A. If SOC ≧ A, mode 2 is selected in step S17 and SOC <A
In the case of, mode 3 is selected in step S14.

If Pd ≧ P2, step S18
It is determined whether or not SOC ≧ A. If SOC ≧ A, mode 4 is selected in step S19, and if SOC <A, mode 2 is selected in step S17.

In the mode 2, the first clutch CE ₁ and the second clutch CE ₂ are both engaged (ON), the engine 12 is operated at the required output Pd, and the motor generator 14 is operated, as is apparent from FIG. Under no load condition, the vehicle is run using only the engine 12 as a power source.

In mode 4, the first clutch CE ₁ and the second clutch CE ₂ are both engaged (ON), the engine 12 is operated, and the motor generator 14 is driven to rotate. The vehicle is caused to travel at a high output using both of the generators 14 as power sources.

This mode 4 is executed in a high load region where the required output Pd is equal to or larger than the second determination value P2.
And the motor generator 14 are used together, so that the energy efficiency is not significantly impaired as compared with the case where the vehicle runs using only one of the engine 12 and the motor generator 14 as a power source, and the fuel consumption and exhaust gas can be reduced. . In addition, since the process is executed when the storage amount SOC is equal to or more than the minimum storage amount A, the storage amount SOC of the power storage device 58 does not decrease below the minimum storage amount A, and the performance such as charging and discharging efficiency is not impaired.

To summarize the operating conditions of the above modes 1 to 4, if the state of charge SOC ≧ A, the mode 1 is selected in step S13 in the low load region of Pd ≦ P1 and the vehicle runs using only the motor generator 14 as the power source. And P1 <P
In the medium load region of d <P2, mode 2 is selected in step S17, and the vehicle travels using only the engine 12 as a power source.
In the high load region of ≤Pd, mode 4 is selected in step S19, and the vehicle travels using both the engine 12 and the motor generator 14 as power sources.

If SOC <A, the required output P
The power storage device 58 is charged by executing the mode 3 of step S14 in the middle and low load region where d is smaller than the second determination value P2. However, in the high load region where the required output Pd is equal to or more than the second determination value P2, in step S17. Mode 2 is selected, and high-power traveling is performed by the engine 12 without charging.

The mode 2 of step S17 is P1 <Pd
<P2 in the middle load range and SOC ≧ A, or P
This is executed in the high load region where d ≧ P2 and when SOC <A.
Since the energy efficiency of the engine 12 is superior to that of the engine 12, the fuel consumption and the exhaust gas can be reduced as compared with the case where the vehicle runs using the motor generator 14 as a power source.

In the high load range, the vehicle travels in mode 4 in which the motor generator 14 and the engine 12 are used together.
However, when the state of charge SOC of the power storage device 58 is smaller than the minimum state of charge A, the operation in the mode 2 using only the engine 12 as a power source is performed, so that the state of charge SOC of the power storage device 58 is minimized. It is avoided that the charge amount becomes smaller than the storage amount A and the performance such as charge and discharge efficiency is impaired.

Next, a control operation when the first invention is applied to this embodiment will be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG. Step S in this control operation
A5 corresponds to the mode switching restricting means, and is executed by the hybrid control controller 50.

In FIG. 10, in step SA1, it is determined whether or not the shift lever 42 has been operated from the N range to the D range. If this determination is denied, it is determined in subsequent step SA2 whether the shift lever 42 has been operated from the N range to the R range. If this determination is denied, in the subsequent step SA3,
It is determined whether shift lever 42 has been operated from the P range to the R range. Note that the above steps SA1 to SA3
Is determined based on the shift position sensor shown in FIG.

Next, if any one of the above steps SA1 to SA3 is affirmed, that is, if the automatic transmission 18
Is switched from the non-driving state to the driving state,
In step SA4, the current operation mode selected according to the operation mode determination subroutine of FIG. 8 is determined.

Next, in step SA5, the driving mode of the vehicle is fixed to the driving mode determined in step SA4 regardless of changes in the vehicle speed V, the accelerator operation amount θ _{AC, and the} like. It should be noted that normally, the storage amount SO of the power storage device 58 is
In accordance with C, either the start using the motor generator 14 as a power source (mode 1) or the start using the engine 12 as a power source (mode 5) is performed, so that the operation mode is fixed to one of these modes. .

[0099] Next, in step SA6, when the determination in step SA1 is positive (N → D when shifting) whether the engagement of the clutch C ₁ has been completed is determined, in step SA2 or SA3 When the judgment is affirmed (N
(→ R shift or P → R shift) when clutch C ₂
Whether the engagement of the brake B ₄ is completed is determined as.

If the determination in step SA6 is denied, steps SA5 to SA6 are repeatedly executed. If this determination is affirmed, the following step SA7 is performed.
Then, the fixed operation mode is released, and switching to the optimal operation mode is allowed according to the operation mode determination subroutine of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a time chart for explaining the control for switching the operation mode during the N → D shift. As shown in the figure, when the N → D shift determination is made, the clutch C
Until the engagement of ₁ ends, the switching of the operation mode is prohibited. Therefore, regardless of the rapid increase in the accelerator operation amount theta _AC, in N → D shift period, since the operation mode is fixed to mode 1, only the motor torque T _M is changed in accordance with the accelerator operation amount theta _AC, engine torque T _E does not change. Then, the engagement ends with the clutch C _1, is switched from the operation mode is mode 1 to the mode 4, the engine torque T _E is gradually increased in accordance with the accelerator operation amount theta _AC.

As described above, according to this embodiment, when the shift lever 42 is operated from the N range or the P range to the D range or the R range, the automatic transmission 18 is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state. In this case, the switching of the operation mode is prohibited, the fluctuation of the output state of the power source caused by the switching of the operation mode is prevented, the switching of the automatic transmission 18 to the driving state is performed smoothly, and the shift shock is prevented. Is suppressed.

Next, the control operation when the second and third aspects of the present invention are applied to this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Step SB6 in this control operation corresponds to the output control means, and step SB9
Correspond to the input cutoff means, and are executed by the hybrid control controller 50, respectively.

In FIG. 12, steps SB1 to SB4
Are executed in the same manner as in steps SA1 to SA4. Subsequently, in step SB5, it is determined whether or not the operation mode determined in step SB4 is a start using the motor generator 14 as a power source (mode 1).

If this determination is affirmative, step S
In B6, the motor torque T _M is fixed to a constant value, for example, 0 or a predetermined value close to 0, regardless of the change in the accelerator operation amount θ _AC .

[0106] Next, in step SB7, (when N → D shift) when the determination in Step SB1 is affirmative whether the engagement of the clutch C ₁ has been completed is determined, step SB2 or SB3 (when N → R shift, or when P → R shift) when the judgment is affirmative whether the engagement of the clutch C ₂ and the brake B ₄ is completed is determined.

If this determination is denied, step S
B6~SB7 but is repeatedly executed, if the judgment is affirmative, at step SB8, fixing of the motor torque T _M is released and allowed to return to a torque value corresponding to the accelerator operation amount theta _AC. It is desirable that the return of the motor torque T _M be performed gradually.

On the other hand, if the determination in step SB5 is negative, that is, if the engine starts (mode 5), the regenerative braking torque of motor generator 14 is set to 0 in step SB9 regardless of accelerator operation amount θ _AC. The power transmission from the engine 12 to the automatic transmission 18 is shut off by setting the electric torque converter 24 to neutral.

Subsequently, the determination in step SB10 is performed in the same manner as in step SB7. If this determination is affirmed, in step SB11, the regenerative braking torque of the motor generator 14 is gradually output in accordance with the accelerator operation amount θ _AC , so that the automatic transmission from the engine 12 via the electric Power is transmitted to the machine 18.

FIG. 13 is a time chart exemplifying a change in the regenerative braking torque of motor generator 14 in the engine start mode at the time of the N → D shift. The solid line that of the embodiment, when the N → D shift determination is made, until the engagement of the clutch C ₁ is completed, regardless of the accelerator operation amount theta _AC, regenerative braking torque of the motor generator 14 is 0
Is set to

As described above, according to this embodiment, the automatic transmission 18 is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state by operating the shift lever 42 from the N range or the P range to the D range or the R range. when is is or power transmission from the power source to the automatic transmission 18 is cut off (step SB9), the output state of the power source is maintained substantially constant (step SB6) for a change in the accelerator operation amount theta _AC Regardless of the change in the output state of the power source caused by the switching of the driving mode or the operation mode, the automatic transmission 18 is smoothly switched to the driving state, and the occurrence of a shift shock is suppressed.

Next, a control operation in the case where the third invention is applied to the present embodiment will be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG. Step S in this control operation
C6 and SC9 correspond to the output control means and are executed by the hybrid control controller.

In FIG. 14, steps SC1 to SC8
Are executed in the same manner as in steps SB1 to SB8. In step SC9 executed when the engine starts, the regenerative braking torque of the motor generator 14 is set to a small constant value regardless of the accelerator operation amount θ _AC , so that the automatic transmission 1 is transmitted from the engine 12 via the electric torque converter 24.
The power transmitted to 8 is kept constant. Then, the following steps SC10 and SC11 are performed in step SB10.
And SB11. In FIG. 13, the graph of the regenerative braking torque indicated by the dotted line is that of the present embodiment.

As described above, according to this embodiment, when the shift lever 42 is operated from the N range or the P range to the D range or the R range, the automatic transmission 18 is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state. When the power transmission is started, the output state of the power source is maintained substantially constant.
The switching to the driving state is smoothly performed, and the occurrence of a shift shock or the like is suppressed.

As described above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be applied to other embodiments.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the backward 1
Although the automatic transmission 18 having five speeds and five forward speeds has been used, as shown in FIG. 15, the automatic transmission 18 comprising only the main transmission 22 without the sub-transmission 20 is used. It is also possible to adopt the above, and to perform the shift control at four forward speeds and one reverse speed as shown in FIG.

In the above-described embodiment, three types of control operations to which the present invention is applied are described. However, when the automatic transmission 18 is switched from the non-drive state to the drive state, for example, the accelerator operation amount is changed. When θ _AC is small, rapid acceleration of the vehicle is not required and the power may be temporarily cut off. Therefore, step SB9 in FIG. 12 is executed. On the other hand, when the accelerator operation amount θ _AC is large, In order to prevent the responsiveness (starting acceleration performance) from deteriorating, only the switching of the operation mode is prohibited without shutting off the power, so that step S in FIG.
Each control operation may be properly used according to conditions, such as executing A5.

The present invention can be applied in various other modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram illustrating a configuration of a hybrid drive device of a hybrid vehicle including a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a control system provided in the hybrid drive device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an engagement element that establishes each shift speed of the automatic transmission of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a manual shift valve connected to the shift lever of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an operation position of a shift lever of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a part of a hydraulic circuit of the automatic transmission of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a connection relationship between the hybrid control controller of FIG. 2 and an electric torque converter.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a basic operation of the hybrid drive device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 shows each mode 1 to 9 in the flowchart of FIG.
It is a figure explaining the operation state of.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a main part of a control operation to which the first invention is applied.

FIG. 11 is a time chart for explaining control for switching operation modes during an N → D shift by the control operation of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a main part of a control operation to which the second and third inventions are applied.

13 is a time chart illustrating a change in regenerative braking torque at the time of an N → D shift by the control operation of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a main part of a control operation to which the third invention is applied.

FIG. 15 is a skeleton view illustrating a configuration of a hybrid drive device different from the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an operation state of an engagement element that establishes each shift speed of the automatic transmission in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12: Engine 14: Motor generator (electric motor) 18, 60: Automatic transmission (power transmission means) 42: Shift lever (transmission state switching means) 44: Manual shift valve (transmission state switching means) 50: Hybrid control controller Steps S1 to S19: Mode switching means Step SA5: Mode switching limiting means Step SB9: Input cutoff means Steps SB6, SC6, SC9: Output control means

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI F02D 29/02 B60K 9/00 E (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Mikami 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation ( 72) Inventor Yuji Hata 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (56) References JP-A-3-273933 (JP, A) JP-A-63-64835 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60L 11 / 14,15 / 20 B60K 6/02 B60K 17/04 B60K 41/06 F02D 29/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An engine that operates by burning fuel and an electric motor that operates with electric energy are provided as power sources for driving a vehicle, and the engine and the electric motor operate according to predetermined switching conditions. A mode switching means for switching between a plurality of operation modes having different states, a non-drive state in which power transmission is interrupted, and a drive state in which power transmission is performed, disposed between the engine and the electric motor and drive wheels. And a transmission state switching means for switching between a non-driving state and a driving state of the power transmission means in accordance with a driver's switching operation. Mode switching for inhibiting the switching of the operation mode when the transmission means is switched from the non-driving state to the driving state. Control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a limit means. Wherein Oite to claim 1, wherein the power transmission means, an automatic transmission or a continuously variable is switched to a driving state in which the non-driven state and the power transmission for blocking power transmission by hydraulic friction engagement means A control device for a hybrid vehicle, which is a transmission. 3. The method of claim 2, after the engagement of the hydraulic friction engagement element is determined to be complete, control of the hybrid vehicle, characterized in that for releasing the control by the mode switching limit hand stage apparatus.