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JP3049623B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display

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Publication number
JP3049623B2
JP3049623B2 JP4119181A JP11918192A JP3049623B2 JP 3049623 B2 JP3049623 B2 JP 3049623B2 JP 4119181 A JP4119181 A JP 4119181A JP 11918192 A JP11918192 A JP 11918192A JP 3049623 B2 JP3049623 B2 JP 3049623B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
phase difference
axis
difference plate
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP4119181A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH05313159A (en
Inventor
秀史 吉田
一孝 花岡
公昭 中村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujitsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Fujitsu Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fujitsu Ltd filed Critical Fujitsu Ltd
Priority to JP4119181A priority Critical patent/JP3049623B2/en
Publication of JPH05313159A publication Critical patent/JPH05313159A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3049623B2 publication Critical patent/JP3049623B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は例えば投写型表示装置等
に使用するのに適した液晶表示装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device suitable for use in, for example, a projection display device.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】液晶表示装置は、図3に示されるよう
に、一対の対向する透明な基板1、2の間に液晶3を封
入してなる液晶パネル4からなり、これらの基板1、2
の外側に偏光板5、6を設けてある。これらの基板1、
2には配向膜及び透明電極が設けられている。液晶3は
ツイストネマチック型の液晶がよく使用される。一対の
基板1、2の配向膜は実線の矢印及び破線の矢印で示さ
れるように互いに垂直な方向にラビングされ、液晶分子
はラビング方向に従って配向し、一方の基板1から液晶
層の中間部を通って他方の基板2に向かうにつれて螺旋
状にツイストしていく。偏光板5、6は互いに垂直な透
過軸をもつように配置される。
2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 3, a liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal panel 4 in which a liquid crystal 3 is sealed between a pair of transparent substrates 1 and 2 facing each other.
, Polarizing plates 5 and 6 are provided outside. These substrates 1,
2, an alignment film and a transparent electrode are provided. As the liquid crystal 3, a twisted nematic liquid crystal is often used. The alignment films of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 are rubbed in directions perpendicular to each other as indicated by solid arrows and dashed arrows, and the liquid crystal molecules are aligned according to the rubbing direction. The spiral twists toward the other substrate 2 as it passes. The polarizing plates 5 and 6 are arranged so as to have transmission axes perpendicular to each other.

【0003】液晶3に電圧を印加しないときには、入射
光は液晶3のツイストに沿って旋回しながら進み、白表
示が得られる。電圧を印加すると、液晶分子が立ち上が
り、液晶3の複屈折作用が殆んどなくなり、黒表示が得
られるようになる。このようにして、液晶3への印加電
圧を制御しながら、全体で明暗のコントラストのある画
像を形成する。
When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 3, incident light travels while turning along the twist of the liquid crystal 3, and a white display is obtained. When a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules rise, the birefringence of the liquid crystal 3 is almost eliminated, and a black display can be obtained. In this way, an image having a bright and dark contrast as a whole is formed while controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal 3.

【0004】このような液晶表示装置では、観視者の見
る方向によって表示性能が変化する視角特性があること
が知られている。図3では、観視者が、光出射側の偏光
板6の法線方向に対して斜めに、上方向、左方向、下方
向、及び右方向から画面を見る場合を示している。図3
のラビングの場合には、基板1、2の中間部に位置する
液晶分子の配向方向は紙面に垂直方向で、同液晶分子の
手前側の端部がプレチルトしている。この場合、上方向
及び下方向から見た視角特性が大きく変動することが知
られている。
[0004] It is known that such a liquid crystal display device has a viewing angle characteristic in which display performance changes depending on a viewing direction of a viewer. FIG. 3 shows a case where the viewer looks at the screen from an upper direction, a left direction, a lower direction, and a right direction obliquely to the normal direction of the polarizing plate 6 on the light emission side. FIG.
In the case of rubbing, the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules located in the middle of the substrates 1 and 2 is perpendicular to the paper surface, and the front end of the liquid crystal molecules is pretilt. In this case, it is known that the viewing angle characteristics viewed from above and below vary greatly.

【0005】図4は図3の法線方向、上方向及び下方向
から見た視角特性を電圧─透過率の関係で示した図であ
る。図4において、曲線表示の中、上、下は、それぞれ
法線方向、上方向及び下方向から見た特性である。上方
向特性は法線方向特性に対して光の透過率が高く、白っ
ぽく見える。下方向特性は法線方向特性に対して光の透
過率が低く、黒っぽく見える。しかし、より問題なの
は、下方向特性にこぶKがあり、表示の反転現象が生じ
ることである。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing viewing angle characteristics as viewed from the normal direction, upward direction, and downward direction in FIG. 3 in the relationship of voltage / transmittance. In FIG. 4, the upper and lower parts of the curve display are the characteristics as viewed from the normal direction, the upper direction, and the lower direction, respectively. The upward characteristic has a higher light transmittance than the normal direction characteristic and looks whitish. The downward characteristic has a lower light transmittance than the normal direction characteristic and looks dark. However, what is more problematic is that there is a hump K in the downward characteristic, and a display inversion phenomenon occurs.

【0006】このような表示の反転現象が生じる視角特
性を改善するために、位相差板(位相差フィルム)を液
晶パネルと一方の偏光板の間に挿入することが提案され
ている(例えば、特開昭55─000600号公報、特
開昭56─097318号公報等参照)。
[0006] In order to improve the viewing angle characteristic in which such a display inversion phenomenon occurs, it has been proposed to insert a retardation plate (retardation film) between the liquid crystal panel and one of the polarizing plates (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. H11-163873). See JP-A-55-0000060, JP-A-56-097318, etc.).

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、どのような位
相差板(位相差フィルム)を、どのような関係の液晶パ
ネルと偏光板の間に挿入すると、最も効果的であるかは
明らかではなかった。本発明の目的は、表示の反転現象
を改善できる視角特性を得るために、位相差板と、液晶
パネルと、偏光板との間の良好な関係をもった液晶表示
装置を提供することである。
However, it has not been clear what kind of retardation film (retardation film) is most effective if it is inserted between a liquid crystal panel and a polarizing plate. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having a good relationship between a retardation plate, a liquid crystal panel, and a polarizing plate in order to obtain a viewing angle characteristic capable of improving a display inversion phenomenon. .

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による液晶表示装
置は、一対の基板11、12の間に液晶13を封入して
なる液晶パネル14と、該液晶パネルの少なくとも一方
側に配置される位相差板17と、該液晶パネル及び該位
相差板を挟み、偏光の透過軸が垂直な一対の偏光板1
5、16とからなる液晶表示装置であって、該位相差板
17に近接する側の基板12の配向処理方向と該位相差
板17の遅相軸とが平行であり、かつ該位相差板17の
遅相軸と該位相差板に近接する偏光板16の透過軸とが
平行であり、そして、セル厚がd、該位相差板のx軸、
y軸、z軸方向の屈折率がそれぞれnx、ny、nzと
するときに、nx>ny=nzの関係があり、かつ(n
x−ny)×dの値が200nmから500nmの範囲
にあることを特徴とする。
A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises a liquid crystal panel 14 having a liquid crystal 13 sealed between a pair of substrates 11 and 12, and a liquid crystal panel disposed on at least one side of the liquid crystal panel. A phase difference plate 17 and a pair of polarizing plates 1 sandwiching the liquid crystal panel and the phase difference plate and having a perpendicular polarization transmission axis.
5. A liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal display device; 17 is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate 16 adjacent to the retardation plate, and the cell thickness is d, the x-axis of the retardation plate,
When the refractive indices in the y-axis and z-axis directions are nx, ny, and nz, respectively, there is a relationship of nx> ny = nz, and (n
The value of (x-ny) × d is in the range of 200 nm to 500 nm.

【0009】また、もう一つの構成において、本発明に
よる液晶表示装置は、一対の基板11、12の間に液晶
13を封入してなる液晶パネル14と、該液晶パネルの
少なくとも一方側に配置される位相差板18と、該液晶
パネル及び該位相差板を挟み、偏光の透過軸が垂直な一
対の偏光板15、16とからなる液晶表示装置であっ
て、該位相差板18に近接する側の基板12の配向処理
方向と該位相差板18の遅相軸とが垂直であり、かつ該
位相差板18の遅相軸と該位相差板に近接する偏光板1
6の透過軸とが平行であり、そして、セル厚がd、該位
相差板のx軸、y軸、z軸方向の屈折率がそれぞれn
x、ny、nzとするときに、nz=(nx+ny)/
2、及びnx>nz>nyの関係があることを特徴とす
る。
In another configuration, a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel 14 having a liquid crystal 13 sealed between a pair of substrates 11 and 12, and is disposed on at least one side of the liquid crystal panel. A liquid crystal display device comprising a phase difference plate 18 and a pair of polarizing plates 15 and 16 sandwiching the liquid crystal panel and the phase difference plate and having a perpendicular polarization transmission axis, and is close to the phase difference plate 18. The orientation direction of the substrate 12 on the side is perpendicular to the slow axis of the phase difference plate 18, and the slow axis of the phase difference plate 18 and the polarizing plate 1 close to the phase difference plate
6 is parallel to the transmission axis, the cell thickness is d, and the refractive indices of the retardation plate in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions are n, respectively.
When x, ny, and nz, nz = (nx + ny) /
2, and nx>nz> ny.

【0010】[0010]

【作用】位相差板17、18は視角特性を向上させる役
目をもつ。位相差板17、18を斜めに透過した光を見
る場合、Z方向の屈折率が複屈折に係わってくるように
なり、上記した二つの構成の場合に、表示の反転現象を
最も有効に改善できることが分かった。よって位相差板
によりその表示の反転現象を抑え、良好な表示が得られ
る。
The phase difference plates 17 and 18 serve to improve the viewing angle characteristics. When viewing light obliquely transmitted through the phase difference plates 17 and 18, the refractive index in the Z direction is related to birefringence. In the above two configurations, the display inversion phenomenon is most effectively improved. I knew I could do it. Therefore, the phase inversion phenomenon is suppressed by the phase difference plate, and a good display can be obtained.

【0011】[0011]

【実施例】図1は本発明の第1実施例を示す図である。
この液晶表示装置は、一対の対向する透明な基板11、
12の間に液晶13を封入してなる液晶パネル14を含
む。液晶13はツイストネマチック型の液晶である。基
板11、12の内面には配向膜及び透明電極(図示せ
ず)が設けられている。下側の基板11の配向膜は実線
の矢印21で示されるように配向処理、すなわちラビン
グしてある。上側の基板12の配向膜は実線の矢印22
で示されるように配向処理、すなわちラビングしてあ
る。液晶分子はラビング方向に従って配向するが、この
配向処理は図3の場合と同じであるので、図4に示した
ように下方向から見た場合にこぶKによる表示の反転が
生じる傾向がある。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
This liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of opposed transparent substrates 11,
12 includes a liquid crystal panel 14 in which a liquid crystal 13 is sealed. The liquid crystal 13 is a twisted nematic liquid crystal. On the inner surfaces of the substrates 11 and 12, an alignment film and a transparent electrode (not shown) are provided. The alignment film of the lower substrate 11 has been subjected to an alignment treatment, that is, rubbed, as shown by a solid arrow 21. The alignment film of the upper substrate 12 is indicated by a solid arrow 22.
The alignment treatment, that is, the rubbing is performed as shown by. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned according to the rubbing direction. However, since this alignment process is the same as that in FIG. 3, there is a tendency that the display is inverted due to the hump K when viewed from below as shown in FIG.

【0012】偏光板15、16が液晶パネル14を挟ん
で配置される。これらの偏光板15、16は互いに垂直
な透過軸をもつように配置される。すなわち、下側の偏
光板15は透過軸25を有し、上側の偏光板16は透過
軸26を有する。さらに、液晶パネル14と上側の偏光
板16との間に位相差板17が挿入されている。位相差
板17は好ましくは合成樹脂のフィルムを延伸してな
り、延伸方向に遅相軸27を有する。
The polarizing plates 15 and 16 are arranged with the liquid crystal panel 14 interposed therebetween. These polarizing plates 15 and 16 are arranged so as to have transmission axes perpendicular to each other. That is, the lower polarizing plate 15 has a transmission axis 25, and the upper polarizing plate 16 has a transmission axis 26. Further, a retardation plate 17 is inserted between the liquid crystal panel 14 and the upper polarizing plate 16. The retardation plate 17 is preferably formed by stretching a synthetic resin film, and has a slow axis 27 in the stretching direction.

【0013】図1(A)においては、位相差板17に近
接する側の基板12の配向処理方向、すなわちラビング
方向22は、この位相差板17の遅相軸27と平行であ
る。さらに、位相差板17の遅相軸27はこの位相差板
17に近接する偏光板16の透過軸26と平行である。
In FIG. 1A, the orientation processing direction of the substrate 12 on the side close to the phase difference plate 17, that is, the rubbing direction 22 is parallel to the slow axis 27 of the phase difference plate 17. Further, the slow axis 27 of the phase difference plate 17 is parallel to the transmission axis 26 of the polarizing plate 16 adjacent to the phase difference plate 17.

【0014】図1(B)には、この位相差板17の特徴
が示されている。この位相差板17は、x軸、y軸、z
軸方向の屈折率がそれぞれnx、ny、nzである。遅
相軸27はx軸方向と一致する。この位相差板17は、
nx>ny=nzの関係を有するものである。さらに、
セル厚(液晶相の厚さ)がdとすると、この位相差板1
7は、(nx−ny)×dの値が200nmから500
nmの範囲にあるものである。
FIG. 1B shows the characteristics of the phase difference plate 17. The phase difference plate 17 has an x-axis, a y-axis,
The refractive indexes in the axial direction are nx, ny, and nz, respectively. The slow axis 27 coincides with the x-axis direction. This phase difference plate 17
nx> ny = nz. further,
If the cell thickness (the thickness of the liquid crystal phase) is d, this retardation plate 1
7 means that the value of (nx−ny) × d is from 200 nm to 500
It is in the range of nm.

【0015】図5は、基板12の配向膜のラビング方向
22、位相差板17の遅相軸27、及び偏光板16の透
過軸26の配置関係をいろいろに変えてテストした結果
を示す図である。図5(A)は、ラビング方向22と遅
相軸27を平行にし、かつ遅相軸27と透過軸26を平
行にした場合、すなわち図1(A)の構成の場合の法線
方向の視角特性と下方向の視角特性を示す。なお、ここ
で言う下方向とは、位相差板17がない場合に図4のこ
ぶKが生じる視角方向であり、液晶13の配向状態が変
わればこぶKは別の視角方向にあらわれるが、ここでは
簡単化のためにこぶKのあらわれる視角方向を下方向で
代表することにする。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the results of tests in which the arrangement relationship of the rubbing direction 22 of the alignment film of the substrate 12, the slow axis 27 of the phase difference plate 17, and the transmission axis 26 of the polarizing plate 16 is variously changed. is there. FIG. 5A shows a case where the rubbing direction 22 and the slow axis 27 are parallel and the slow axis 27 and the transmission axis 26 are parallel, that is, the viewing angle in the normal direction in the case of the configuration of FIG. The characteristics and the downward viewing angle characteristics are shown. Note that the term “downward” used herein refers to the viewing angle direction in which the hump K in FIG. 4 occurs when the retardation plate 17 is not provided. If the orientation state of the liquid crystal 13 changes, the hump K appears in another viewing angle direction. For simplicity, the visual angle direction in which the hump K appears will be represented by the downward direction.

【0016】図5(B)は、ラビング方向22と遅相軸
27を垂直にし、かつ遅相軸27と透過軸26を垂直に
した場合を示す。この場合、ラビング方向22と透過軸
26は平行になる。図5(C)は、ラビング方向22と
遅相軸27を平行にし、かつ遅相軸27と透過軸26を
垂直にした場合を示す。この場合、ラビング方向22と
透過軸26は垂直になる。図5(D)は、ラビング方向
22と遅相軸27を垂直にし、かつ遅相軸27と透過軸
26を平行にした場合を示す。この場合、ラビング方向
22と透過軸26は垂直になる。
FIG. 5B shows a case where the rubbing direction 22 and the slow axis 27 are perpendicular to each other, and the slow axis 27 and the transmission axis 26 are perpendicular to each other. In this case, the rubbing direction 22 and the transmission axis 26 are parallel. FIG. 5C shows a case where the rubbing direction 22 and the slow axis 27 are made parallel, and the slow axis 27 and the transmission axis 26 are made vertical. In this case, the rubbing direction 22 and the transmission axis 26 are perpendicular. FIG. 5D shows a case where the rubbing direction 22 and the slow axis 27 are perpendicular to each other, and the slow axis 27 and the transmission axis 26 are parallel to each other. In this case, the rubbing direction 22 and the transmission axis 26 are perpendicular.

【0017】図5の(A)から(D)に示されるよう
に、位相差板17を設けると、図4の下方向の視角特性
のこぶKを小さくすることができる。しかし、(A)か
ら(D)を比較して見ると、(A)及び(D)において
はこぶKがかなり小さくなっているが、(B)及び
(C)においては(A)及び(D)ほどではない。そこ
で、基板12の配向膜のラビング方向22、位相差板1
7の遅相軸27、及び偏光板16の透過軸26の配置関
係は、(A)及び(D)のものが有効であると判断でき
る。
As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D, the provision of the phase difference plate 17 makes it possible to reduce the hump K in the downward viewing angle characteristic of FIG. However, when comparing (A) to (D), the hump K is considerably smaller in (A) and (D), but (A) and (D) in (B) and (C). Not as good. Therefore, the rubbing direction 22 of the alignment film of the substrate 12 and the phase difference plate 1
The arrangement relationship between the slow axis 27 of FIG. 7 and the transmission axis 26 of the polarizing plate 16 can be determined to be effective in (A) and (D).

【0018】そこで、図5の(A)のようにラビング方
向22と遅相軸27を平行にし、かつ遅相軸27と透過
軸26を平行にする条件の下で、位相差板17はどのよ
うな屈折率をもつのが適切であるかを調べた。その結果
が図6に示されている。図6においては、Δnd=(n
x−ny)×dの値が136nm、293nm、348
nm、444nm、515nmをもつ位相差板17を準
備し、これを上記配置にして透過特性を測定した結果が
それぞれ(A)から(E)に示されている。(A)では
こぶKが比較的に大きく、(B)から(D)ではこぶK
がかなり小さくなっている。それから(E)ではこぶK
が比較的に大きくなる。この結果から、Δnd=(nx
−ny)×dの値が200nmから500nmの範囲に
あるのが好ましいことが分かった。
Under the condition that the rubbing direction 22 and the slow axis 27 are parallel and the slow axis 27 and the transmission axis 26 are parallel as shown in FIG. It was investigated whether it is appropriate to have such a refractive index. The result is shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, Δnd = (n
x-ny) × d is 136 nm, 293 nm, 348
(A) to (E) show results obtained by preparing a retardation plate 17 having nm, 444 nm, and 515 nm, and measuring the transmission characteristics with the above arrangement. The hump K is relatively large in (A), and the hump K in (B) to (D).
Is considerably smaller. Then (E) Kump
Is relatively large. From this result, Δnd = (nx
It has been found that the value of -ny) × d is preferably in the range of 200 nm to 500 nm.

【0019】次に、図5(D)のようにラビング方向2
2と遅相軸27を垂直にし、かつ遅相軸27と透過軸2
6を平行にした条件の下で、位相差板17はどのような
屈折率をもつのが適切であるかを調べた。この場合に
も、Δnd=(nx−ny)×dの値が136nm、2
93nm、348nm、444nm、515nmをもつ
位相差板17を使用した。この結果、こぶKを小さくで
きることが分かったが、左右方向の視角特性が悪化した
ので、図5(D)よりも図5(A)の構成の方がよいと
判断した。
Next, as shown in FIG.
2 and the slow axis 27 are vertical, and the slow axis 27 and the transmission axis 2
Under the condition that 6 is parallel, what kind of refractive index the retardation plate 17 should have is appropriate. Also in this case, the value of Δnd = (nx−ny) × d is 136 nm, 2
The retardation plate 17 having 93 nm, 348 nm, 444 nm, and 515 nm was used. As a result, it was found that the hump K could be reduced. However, the viewing angle characteristics in the left-right direction deteriorated, and thus the configuration of FIG. 5A was determined to be better than that of FIG.

【0020】次に、図5(D)のようにラビング方向2
2と遅相軸27を垂直にし、かつ遅相軸27と透過軸2
6を平行にした条件でこぶKを小さくできることが分か
ったので、別の特徴をもった位相差板について検討し
た。図2は本発明の第2実施例を示す図である。第2図
は、図1の位相差板17の代わりに位相差板18が配置
されている。図2のその他の概略構成は図1と同様であ
る。
Next, as shown in FIG.
2 and the slow axis 27 are vertical, and the slow axis 27 and the transmission axis 2
Since it was found that the hump K could be reduced under the condition that 6 was made parallel, a phase difference plate having another characteristic was examined. FIG. 2 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, a phase difference plate 18 is arranged instead of the phase difference plate 17 of FIG. Other schematic configurations in FIG. 2 are the same as those in FIG.

【0021】図2(A)においては、位相差板18に近
接する側の基板12の配向処理方向、すなわちラビング
方向22は、この位相差板18の遅相軸28と垂直であ
る。さらに、位相差板18の遅相軸28はこの位相差板
18に近接する偏光板16の透過軸26と平行である。
図2(B)には、この位相差板18の特徴が示されてい
る。この位相差板18は、x軸、y軸、z軸方向の屈折
率がそれぞれnx、ny、nzである。遅相軸28はx
軸方向と一致する。この位相差板18は、nz=(nx
+ny)/2、及びnx>nz>nyの関係がある。こ
の位相差板18は、x軸方向に大きく延伸され、y軸方
向に小さく延伸されている。
In FIG. 2A, the orientation processing direction of the substrate 12 on the side close to the phase difference plate 18, that is, the rubbing direction 22 is perpendicular to the slow axis 28 of the phase difference plate 18. Further, the slow axis 28 of the retardation plate 18 is parallel to the transmission axis 26 of the polarizing plate 16 adjacent to the retardation plate 18.
FIG. 2B shows the characteristics of the phase difference plate 18. The phase difference plate 18 has refractive indexes in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions of nx, ny, and nz, respectively. The slow axis 28 is x
Coincides with the axial direction. This retardation plate 18 has nz = (nx
+ Ny) / 2 and nx>nz> ny. This retardation plate 18 is stretched largely in the x-axis direction and is stretched small in the y-axis direction.

【0022】図7においては、Δnd=(nx−ny)
×dの値が355nm、425nmをもつ位相差板18
を準備し、これを図2の配置にして透過特性を測定した
結果が(A)及び(B)に示されている。(A)及び
(B)においてこぶKがほとんどなくなっている。この
結果から、図2の配置が好ましいことが分かった。そし
て、Δnd=(nx−ny)×dの値が200nmから
500nmの範囲にあると非常に好ましいことが分かっ
た。
In FIG. 7, Δnd = (nx−ny)
The phase difference plate 18 having a value of xd of 355 nm or 425 nm.
Are prepared, and the transmission characteristics are measured with the arrangement shown in FIG. 2. The results are shown in (A) and (B). In (A) and (B), the hump K is almost eliminated. From this result, it was found that the arrangement of FIG. 2 was preferable. And it turned out that it is very preferable that the value of Δnd = (nx−ny) × d is in the range of 200 nm to 500 nm.

【0023】[0023]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
視角依存性、特に表示の反転が抑えられた良好な表示を
実現することができ、階調表示を行う液晶表示装置の性
能向上に寄与するところが大きい。
As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to realize a favorable display in which the viewing angle dependency, in particular, the inversion of the display is suppressed, and greatly contributes to the improvement of the performance of the liquid crystal display device that performs the gradation display.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の第1実施例を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の第2実施例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図3】従来技術を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conventional technique.

【図4】従来の液晶表示装置の透過特性を示す図であ
る。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing transmission characteristics of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

【図5】液晶パネル、位相差板、及び偏光板の種々の配
置関係の透過特性を示す図である。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing transmission characteristics of various arrangement relationships of a liquid crystal panel, a retardation plate, and a polarizing plate.

【図6】第1実施例の屈折率を変えた場合の透過特性を
示す図である。
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating transmission characteristics when the refractive index of the first embodiment is changed.

【図7】第2実施例の屈折率を変えた場合の透過特性を
示す図である。
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing transmission characteristics when the refractive index of the second embodiment is changed.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

11、12…基板 13…液晶 14…液晶パネル 15、16…偏光板 17、18…位相差板 11, 12 ... substrate 13 ... liquid crystal 14 ... liquid crystal panel 15, 16 ... polarizing plate 17, 18 ... retardation plate

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平4−32818(JP,A) 特開 平4−153621(JP,A) 特開 平5−188367(JP,A) 特開 平1−254917(JP,A) 特開 平2−47625(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) G02F 1/13363 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-32818 (JP, A) JP-A-4-153621 (JP, A) JP-A-5-188367 (JP, A) JP-A-1- 254917 (JP, A) JP-A-2-47625 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G02F 1/13363

Claims (3)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 一対の基板(11、12)の間に液晶
(13)を封入してなる液晶パネル(14)と、該液晶
パネルの少なくとも一方側に配置される位相差板(1
7)と、該液晶パネル及び該位相差板を挟み、偏光の透
過軸が垂直な一対の偏光板(15、16)とからなる液
晶表示装置であって、該位相差板(17)に近接する側
の基板(12)の配向処理方向と該位相差板(17)の
遅相軸とが平行であり、かつ該位相差板(17)の遅相
軸と該位相差板に近接する偏光板(16)の透過軸とが
平行であり、そして、セル厚がd、該位相差板のx軸、
y軸、z軸方向の屈折率がそれぞれnx、ny、nzと
するときに、nx>ny=nzの関係があり、かつ(n
x−ny)×dの値が200nmから500nmの範囲
にあることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
1. A liquid crystal panel (14) having a liquid crystal (13) sealed between a pair of substrates (11, 12), and a retardation plate (1) disposed on at least one side of the liquid crystal panel.
7) and a pair of polarizing plates (15, 16) sandwiching the liquid crystal panel and the phase difference plate and having perpendicular transmission axes of polarized light, wherein the liquid crystal display device is close to the phase difference plate (17). The direction of the alignment treatment of the substrate (12) on the side to be processed is parallel to the slow axis of the phase difference plate (17), and the slow axis of the phase difference plate (17) is close to the phase difference plate. The transmission axis of the plate (16) is parallel, and the cell thickness is d, the x-axis of the retarder,
When the refractive indices in the y-axis and z-axis directions are nx, ny, and nz, respectively, there is a relationship of nx> ny = nz, and (n
A liquid crystal display device wherein the value of (x-ny) × d is in the range of 200 nm to 500 nm.
【請求項2】 一対の基板(11、12)の間に液晶
(13)を封入してなる液晶パネル(14)と、該液晶
パネルの少なくとも一方側に配置される位相差板(1
8)と、該液晶パネル及び該位相差板を挟み、偏光の透
過軸が垂直な一対の偏光板(15、16)とからなる液
晶表示装置であって、該位相差板(18)に近接する側
の基板(12)の配向処理方向と該位相差板(18)の
遅相軸とが垂直であり、かつ該位相差板(18)の遅相
軸と該位相差板に近接する偏光板(16)の透過軸とが
平行であり、そして、セル厚がd、該位相差板のx軸、
y軸、z軸方向の屈折率がそれぞれnx、ny、nzと
するときに、nz=(nx+ny)/2、及びnx>n
z>nyの関係があることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
2. A liquid crystal panel (14) having a liquid crystal (13) sealed between a pair of substrates (11, 12), and a retardation plate (1) disposed on at least one side of the liquid crystal panel.
8) and a pair of polarizing plates (15, 16) sandwiching the liquid crystal panel and the phase difference plate and having perpendicular transmission axes of polarized light, wherein the liquid crystal display device is close to the phase difference plate (18). Polarization direction in which the orientation direction of the substrate (12) on the side to be processed is perpendicular to the slow axis of the phase difference plate (18), and the slow axis of the phase difference plate (18) is close to the phase difference plate. The transmission axis of the plate (16) is parallel, and the cell thickness is d, the x-axis of the retarder,
When the refractive indices in the y-axis and z-axis directions are nx, ny, and nz, respectively, nz = (nx + ny) / 2, and nx> n
A liquid crystal display device having a relationship of z> ny.
【請求項3】 (nx−ny)×dの値が200nmか
ら500nmの範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項2に
記載の液晶表示装置。
3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the value of (nx−ny) × d is in a range from 200 nm to 500 nm.
JP4119181A 1992-05-12 1992-05-12 Liquid crystal display Expired - Fee Related JP3049623B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4119181A JP3049623B2 (en) 1992-05-12 1992-05-12 Liquid crystal display

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4119181A JP3049623B2 (en) 1992-05-12 1992-05-12 Liquid crystal display

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05313159A JPH05313159A (en) 1993-11-26
JP3049623B2 true JP3049623B2 (en) 2000-06-05

Family

ID=14754917

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4119181A Expired - Fee Related JP3049623B2 (en) 1992-05-12 1992-05-12 Liquid crystal display

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3049623B2 (en)

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