JP3047477B2 - Liquid crystal display device and projection display device using the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention mainly relates to projection for enlarging and projecting an image displayed on a small liquid crystal panel onto a screen.
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device (hereinafter, referred to as a liquid crystal projection television) and a liquid crystal display device used for the liquid crystal projection television.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since liquid crystal display devices have many features such as light weight and thinness, research and development have been active. However, there are many problems such as difficulty in increasing the screen. So in recent years,
2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal projection television that obtains a large screen display image by enlarging and projecting a display image of a small liquid crystal panel with a projection lens or the like has been attracting attention. Currently, commercially available liquid crystal projection televisions have a twist that utilizes the optical rotation characteristics of liquid crystal.
A Stonematic (hereinafter referred to as TN) liquid crystal display device is used.

[0003] First, a general liquid crystal display device will be described. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the liquid crystal display device. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 93 denotes a glass substrate (hereinafter, referred to as an array substrate) on which a thin film transistor (hereinafter, referred to as a TFT) as a switching element is formed, and reference numeral 94 denotes a substrate on which a transparent electrode made of ITO or the like is formed ( Hereafter, reference numeral 91 denotes a drive IC (hereinafter, referred to as a gate drive IC) for applying a signal for controlling on / off of a TFT connected to a gate signal line on the array substrate 93;
Is a drive IC for applying a data signal to a source signal line on the array substrate 93 (hereinafter referred to as a source drive IC), 95 is a polarizing plate film, and 96 is a sealing resin. FIG. 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an image display section of the array substrate 93 constituting the liquid crystal panel. In (10), 101 denotes a gate drive circuit, 102 is a source driving circuit, G ₁ ~G _m gate signal line, S ₁ to S _n denotes a source signal line, 103 is TFT, 104 additional capacity, 10
5 is a liquid crystal as a display element.

As an operation of the liquid crystal panel, the gate drive circuit 101 sequentially applies an on-voltage to the gate signal lines G _{1 to} G _m . In synchronization with this, the source drive circuit 10
2 outputs a voltage to be applied to each pixel to the source signal lines S1 to Sn. A voltage for causing the liquid crystal to transmit a predetermined amount of transmission is applied to each display element 105 and held. The voltage is held in the next cycle until each TFT is turned on again.
Light is modulated by repeating the above operation, and an image is displayed.

Hereinafter, a conventional liquid crystal display device will be described. FIG. 11 is a plan view of a display area of a conventional liquid crystal display device. In FIG. 11, 111a and 111b are source signal lines, 112a and 112b are gate signal lines,
13 is a pixel electrode, and 114 is a TFT forming position. FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 11, and FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′. In FIG. 12, 125 is a counter electrode made of ITO, 124 is a TN liquid crystal, 122 is an array substrate on which TFTs and signal lines are formed, 121 is a counter substrate,
123 is a black matrix (hereinafter referred to as BM),
126 is a TFT. As is clear from FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the conventional liquid crystal panel has a TFT for controlling a signal applied to the pixel electrode 113 for each pixel, and the counter substrate 121 has a TFT and a signal line. The BM 123 is formed in order to prevent a phenomenon (hereinafter, referred to as light leakage) in which the liquid crystal performs a movement unrelated to the display. Further, the space between the opposing substrate 121 and the array substrate 122 is usually arranged at an interval of 4 to 6 μm, the periphery of the liquid crystal panel is sealed with a sealing resin 96, and the TN liquid crystal is injected at the interval. . The pixel electrode 113 is connected to the gate signal lines 112a and 112b and the source signal line 111.
a and 111b are formed at a predetermined interval. This interval is generated due to mask alignment accuracy at the time of manufacturing the array substrate. FIG. 13 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the TN liquid crystal display device. In FIG. 14, 141 and 142 are polarizing plates, 143 is a polarization direction, and 144 is a transparent electrode (hereinafter referred to as IT).
O, 145 is a liquid crystal molecule, 146 is a signal source, 14
7 is a switch. As shown in FIG. 14, the incident polarized light rotates 90 degrees in the off state, and transmits without rotating in the on state. Therefore, if the polarization directions of the two polarizing plates 141 and 142 are orthogonal, light is transmitted in the off state and cut off in the on state. However, the reverse is true if the polarization directions are parallel to each other. As described above, the TN liquid crystal panel modulates light to display an image.

Hereinafter, a conventional liquid crystal projection television will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a conventional liquid crystal projection television. In FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a condensing optical system, 152 denotes an infrared cut mirror that transmits infrared light, 153a denotes a blue light reflecting dichroic mirror (hereinafter, referred to as BDM), 153b denotes a green light reflecting dichroic mirror (hereinafter, referred to as GDM), and 153c denotes red. Light reflecting dichroic mirror (hereinafter referred to as RDM), 154a, 154b, 154c, 156a, 15
6b and 156c are polarizing plates, 155a, 155b and 155
c is a transmissive TN liquid crystal display device, 157a, 157b,
157c is a projection lens system. When the projection lens system is not touched, it is generically called a projection lens. In addition, components unnecessary for the description, such as a field lens, are omitted from the drawings.

The operation of a conventional liquid crystal projection television will be described below with reference to FIG. First, white light emitted from the condensing optical system 151 reflects blue light (hereinafter, referred to as B light) by a BDM 153a, and the B light is incident on a polarizing plate 154a. Similarly, light transmitted through the BDM 153a reflects green light (hereinafter, referred to as G light) by the GDM 153b, and is reflected by the polarizing plate 154b.
The red light (hereinafter, referred to as R light) is reflected by 3c and is incident on the polarizing plate 154c. The polarizing plate transmits only one of the longitudinal wave component and the transverse wave component of each color light, and irradiates each liquid crystal display device with the polarization direction of the light aligned. At this time, 5
Light of 0% or more is absorbed by the polarizing plate, and the brightness of transmitted light is reduced to half or less at the maximum.

Each liquid crystal display device modulates the transmitted light by a video signal. The modulated light passes through each of the polarizing plates 156a, 156b, 156c according to the degree of modulation, enters each of the projection lens systems 157a, 157b, 157c, and is enlarged and projected on a screen (not shown) by the lens. .

[0010]

As is apparent from the above description, in a liquid crystal display device using a TN liquid crystal, it is necessary to make light linearly polarized and enter the liquid crystal. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange polarizing plates before and after the liquid crystal display device. The polarizing plate theoretically absorbs 50% or more of the light. Therefore, as a first problem, there is a problem that only low screen brightness can be obtained when the image is enlarged and projected on a screen. On the other hand, the liquid crystal molecules are the counter electrode 125 and the pixel electrode 1.
An orientation or optical rotation is caused by an electric field applied between the electrodes 13. (A) and (a) in FIG. 12 (a) indicate the trajectories of the lines of electric force. Since the trajectory is perpendicular to the pixel electrode 113 and the counter electrode 125, the liquid crystal molecules rotate or align according to the strength of the electric force lines, and the ratio changes according to the applied video signal. This indicates that light modulation is normally performed by the liquid crystal.

On the other hand, the locus A is oblique. This is because the TFT 126 and the source signal lines 111a, 111
The signal which does not contribute to the display image is applied to the TFT b.
6, indicating that the liquid crystal on the signal is in an optical rotation or alignment state (hereinafter, referred to as an abnormal alignment) unrelated to the display. Therefore, the light is modulated irrespective of the display image, and light leaks around the pixel, thereby deteriorating the image quality. Hereinafter, this phenomenon is referred to as display noise because it deteriorates image display. To deal with this display noise, the BM12
No. 3 is formed to make the abnormal alignment state of the liquid crystal visually invisible. However, BM leads to a significant decrease in the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal panel. As an example, if the pixel size is 8
In the case of 0 μm square, the area of the pixel electrode 113 in the array alone is 70% of the area of one pixel, but when the BM is attached, the peripheral portion of the pixel electrode 113 is hidden and the aperture ratio becomes about 40%.

In order to solve the above two problems, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal is used in a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal projection television of the present invention. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals are roughly classified into two types according to the dispersion state of the liquid crystal and the polymer. One is a type in which a liquid crystal in the form of water droplets is dispersed in a polymer. The liquid crystal exists in a discontinuous state in the polymer. Hereinafter, such a liquid crystal is referred to as PDLC, and a liquid crystal panel using the liquid crystal is referred to as a PD liquid crystal display device.

Another type employs a structure in which a polymer network is stretched around a liquid crystal layer. It looks just like a sponge with liquid crystal. Liquid crystals exist continuously without being in the form of water droplets. Hereinafter, such a liquid crystal is referred to as a PNLC, and a liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal is referred to as a PN liquid crystal display device. In order to display an image on the two types of liquid crystal display devices, scattering and transmission of light are controlled. PDLC utilizes the property that the refractive index differs in the direction in which the liquid crystal is aligned. In the state where no voltage is applied, the respective liquid crystal droplets are oriented in an irregular direction. In this state, a difference in refractive index occurs between the polymer and the liquid crystal, and the incident light is scattered. Here, when a voltage is applied, the alignment directions of the liquid crystals are aligned. If the refractive index when the liquid crystal is aligned in a certain direction is adjusted in advance to the refractive index of the polymer, incident light is transmitted without being scattered.

On the other hand, PNLC uses the irregularity of the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. In an irregular orientation state, that is, in a state where no voltage is applied, incident light is scattered.
On the other hand, when a voltage is applied to make the arrangement state regular, light is transmitted. The above description of the movement of the liquid crystal of PDLC and PNLC is based on a model-based concept. In the present invention, the present invention is not limited to one of the PD liquid crystal display device and the PN liquid crystal display device.
This will be described by taking a D liquid crystal display device as an example. Also, PDLC
And PNLC are collectively called polymer dispersed liquid crystal, and PD
The liquid crystal display device and the PN liquid crystal display device are collectively called a polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device. Further, liquids containing liquid crystal to be injected into the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device are collectively referred to as a liquid crystal solution or a resin, and a state in which the resin component of the liquid crystal solution is polymerized and cured is referred to as a polymer.

First, the operation of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b). (FIG. 16
(A), (b)) is an explanatory view of the operation of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device. In FIGS. 16A and 16B, 161 is an array substrate, 162 is a pixel electrode, 163 is a counter electrode, 1
Numeral 64 denotes a liquid crystal in the form of droplets, numeral 165 denotes a polymer, and numeral 166 denotes a counter substrate. A TFT or the like is connected to the pixel electrode 162,
A voltage is applied to the pixel electrode by turning on / off the FT,
The light is modulated by changing the orientation of the liquid crystal on the pixel electrode.
As shown in FIG. 16A, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal droplets 164 are oriented in an irregular direction. In this state, a difference in refractive index occurs between the polymer 165 and the liquid crystal, and the incident light is scattered. Here (FIG. 16
As shown in (b)), when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode, the directions of the liquid crystals are aligned. If the refractive index when the liquid crystal is aligned in a certain direction is adjusted in advance to the refractive index of the polymer, the incident light is emitted from the array substrate 161 without being scattered.

As described above, since the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device does not use a polarizing plate, the light use efficiency is high and a display image with extremely high luminance can be obtained. However, there are the following problems when trying to use it as a liquid crystal display device. The droplet-shaped liquid crystal is produced by irradiating a liquid crystal solution with ultraviolet rays, polymerizing a resin component to form a polymer, and performing phase separation between the liquid crystal and the polymer. Therefore, when the BM is formed on the opposite substrate as in the conventional TN liquid crystal display device, when polymerizing, the ultraviolet light is blocked by the BM, and the liquid crystal solution in the lower layer of the BM does not undergo a polymerization reaction. Therefore, it is difficult for the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device to form the BM, and even if it is formed, the area should be as small as possible. However, as described in the section of the conventional liquid crystal panel, the TFT and especially the liquid crystal on and near the source signal line perform alignment / non-alignment operation irrespective of display to modulate light. The BM plays an important role in making the modulated light invisible. Therefore, if there is no BM, a signal is constantly applied to the source signal line. As described above, light leakage occurs near the signal line, that is, between the gap between the pixel electrode and the source signal line. I do. The light leakage significantly lowers the contrast and degrades the quality of a displayed image.

[0017]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises two TFs in one pixel.
T are formed, and the two TFTs have different source signals.
Connected to the line, and the source drive IC is adjacent
Apply a video signal of opposite polarity to the source signal line
The polarity of the video signal is inverted at a predetermined cycle.
It is assumed that. Another liquid crystal display device of the present invention
Is a light-transmitting pixel arranged in a matrix
An electrode and a source signal line for applying a signal to the pixel electrode
Apply video signal to the formed electrode substrate and source signal line
And a source drive IC for
The distance between the electrodes is a distance interval equal to or less than the width of the source signal line.
And the position between pixels is the source signal line position.
The source drive ICs are located adjacent to each other.
Apply a video signal of opposite polarity to the source signal line
Characterized in that the polarity of the video signal is inverted at regular intervals.
Is what you do. Further, another liquid crystal display device of the present invention,
Pixel electrodes having light transmittance arranged in a matrix
And a source signal line for applying a signal to the pixel electrode are formed.
Electrode substrate and liquid crystal layer film formed between pixel electrodes
A protrusion made of an insulator approximately the same height as the thickness, and a source
A source drive IC for applying a video signal to a signal line;
The source drive IC has a source formed adjacently.
Apply a video signal of the opposite polarity to the signal line, and
Characterized in that the polarity of the video signal is inverted.
It is.

A liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention is constituted by using the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, and has a video signal applied to a green light modulation liquid crystal display device with a red polarity. And driving with a polarity opposite to the polarity of the video signal applied to the liquid crystal display device for blue light modulation. In addition, a schlieren optical system is used as the projection optical system to shield scattered light and project parallel light on a screen, thereby realizing high-brightness, high-contrast image display.

[0019]

In order to eliminate the liquid crystal which is abnormally aligned irrespective of the desired display image, a pillar on a protrusion made of an insulator is provided between the TFT source signal line and the upper layer of the image electrode, that is, the opposing substrate.
It suffices that the liquid crystal does not exist on the TFT source signal line and in the vicinity thereof, that is, in the periphery of the pixel. However, the liquid crystal film thickness of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display device is 10 to improve the light diffusion characteristics.
About 15 μm is required. 1 corresponding to the liquid crystal film thickness
It is quite difficult in process to form a protruding column of 0 to 15 μm. Therefore, protrusion-like columns of about 1 to 5 μm are formed on both the opposing substrate and the array substrate using photosensitive polyimide.

According to the above structure, it is possible to easily manufacture a structure having no liquid crystal around a pixel where light leakage occurs. Even if liquid crystal is present, almost no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal. Therefore, since the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal scatters light when it is weak by an applied electric field, even if the light is emitted from the panel, the light is incident on the lens at an incident angle equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and is not projected by being blocked by the schlieren optical system. . Therefore, no light leakage can be seen.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of one pixel of the first liquid crystal display device of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG.
FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ of FIG. Each drawing is modeled for easy understanding, and portions unnecessary for description are omitted. The same applies to the following drawings. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. In FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, 11a and 11b are source signal lines, 12a and 12b are gate signal lines, and 13 is a TFT.
The forming portion 14 is a pixel electrode made of ITO and is an insulating layer 15a. The insulating layer is formed particularly with a focus on a gap between the TFT source signal line and the pixel electrode 14 and its vicinity.

The material is an organic insulator such as polyimide,
An inorganic insulator such as SiO ₂ , SiN _x or TaO _x corresponds thereto, and photosensitive polyimide or the like is most preferable in terms of ease of formation. Reference numeral 15b denotes an insulating layer formed on the counter electrode 24, and is made of the same material as the insulating layer 15a.
The formation position is formed with emphasis on a portion on the opposing electrode 24 located between the TFT / source signal line and the pixel electrode 14. The thickness of the insulating layers 15a and 15b is formed to be 1/10 to 1/2 of the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. That is, when the thickness of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal is 10 μm, the thickness is preferably at least 1 μm, and in order to prevent light leakage to the extent that display images are not hindered, the thickness is preferably 3 μm or more. Most ideally, if the thickness of the liquid crystal is formed to be about 5 μm, which is １ ／ of the thickness of the liquid crystal, and the thickness of the liquid crystal can be held at a predetermined value by the insulating layers 15a and 15b, it is not necessary to use beads for holding. The effect increases. In addition, the insulating layer completely eliminates a horizontal electric field between the source signal line and the pixel electrode 14, and thus has an effect of preventing image sticking and deterioration of liquid crystal. Here , 32a and 32b shown in FIG. 3 indicate parasitic capacitance between the pixel electrode 14 and the source signal line.
This occurs when the dielectric constant of the polyimide used as the insulating layer is high.

As a method of forming a substrate using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, signal lines such as a source signal line and a gate signal line and a TFT are formed on a glass substrate. Next, an insulating film to be the insulating layer 15a is formed on the substrate. As the material for the insulating film, an organic compound, particularly a photosensitive organic material, is most preferable in terms of the production method. One example is photosensitive polyimide. As a method of forming a film at this time, a coating method is simple. For example, spinner, coating,
Dip coating, roll coating, cast coating and the like are listed, but are not specified here.

The photosensitive organic material is a substance which undergoes the following photochemical reaction upon irradiation with light, and is roughly classified into the following two types.

(1) The polymerization or cross-linking reaction occurs by light irradiation, and the molecular weight increases. (2) Decomposition reaction occurs by light irradiation, and the molecular weight decreases.

Of these, the type (1) will be referred to as a negative type, and the type (2) will be referred to as a positive type. Examples of the negative type material include methyl methacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, an acrylic resin that can be used as a resin material of the liquid crystal solution of the present invention, vinylpyrrolidone, unsaturated polyester, 1,2-polybutadiene, and the like. When a negative type material is used, the negative type material is formed on the entire surface by the above-described method, and light is applied to only necessary portions, that is, TFTs and source signal lines and the vicinity thereof, and then cured. Is rinsed off.
On the other hand, examples of the positive type material include novolak + o-naphthoquinonediazide, diazo resin + polyacrylamide, and condensates of p-diazophenylamines and paraformaldehyde. As a manufacturing method when using such a positive-type material, the positive-type material is formed on the entire surface by the above-described method, and further, a light-blocking layer is formed on necessary places,
After removing the blocking layer on the unnecessary portion, light irradiation is performed, and the insulating layer on the unnecessary portion is further removed with an alkaline aqueous solution or the like.
There is also a method of removing unnecessary portions by a technique such as O ₂ asher. Similarly, the insulating layer 15b is formed on the counter substrate 21 using the same material and the same method.

Next, a method of assembling a liquid crystal panel using the array substrate formed as described above and a counter substrate will be described. As a method of assembling the liquid crystal panel, a sealing resin containing a fiber is applied to the periphery of the array substrate 22 described above while leaving a liquid crystal injection port.
Beads for obtaining a predetermined liquid crystal layer thickness are sprayed on the opposing substrate 21. The bead diameter is preferably 5 μm to 20 μm, and most preferably 10 μm to 15 μm. As the fiber diameter described above, a diameter suitable for the bead diameter is used. In addition, as described above, the insulating layer 15a
Needless to say, if a predetermined liquid crystal film layer can be held in the steps 15b and 15b, no bead is required. Next, the counter substrate 2
1 and the array substrate 22 is positioned and bonded. Thereafter, the resin is heated to cure the sealing resin. Next, the bonded panel is placed in a vacuum chamber, and the space between the substrates 21 and 22 is evacuated. Then, after immersing the injection port in the liquid crystal solution, the vacuum in the vacuum chamber is broken. Then, the liquid crystal solution is injected into the substrate from the injection port. The liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal solution is preferably a nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, or a cholesteric liquid crystal, and may be a single or two or more liquid crystal compounds or a mixture containing a substance other than the liquid crystal compounds.

Incidentally, among the above-mentioned liquid crystal materials, a nematic liquid crystal of cyan biphenyl type is most preferable. As the resin material, a transparent polymer is preferable, and a thermoplastic resin,
Either a thermosetting resin or a photocurable resin may be used. However, as described above, it is preferable to use an ultraviolet curable resin from the viewpoint of easiness of the manufacturing process, separation from the liquid crystal phase, and the like. As a specific example, an ultraviolet curable acrylic resin is exemplified, and a resin containing an acrylic monomer or acrylic oligomer which is polymerized and cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light is particularly preferable. In addition, when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, only the resin causes a polymerization reaction to become a polymer, and only the liquid crystal undergoes phase separation. At this time, when the amount of the liquid crystal is smaller than the resin component, an independent particulate water-drop liquid crystal is formed.
When the amount of the liquid crystal is large, the resin matrix exists in the liquid crystal material in the form of particles or a network, and the liquid crystal is formed so as to form a continuous layer.

At this time, unless the particle diameter of the liquid droplet liquid crystal or the pore diameter of the polymer network is uniform to some extent and the size is within the range of 0.1 μm to several μm, the dispersibility of incident light is poor and the contrast is poor. Does not go up. Preferably, the size is in the range of 0.5 μm to 1.5 μm. For this reason, the material must be a material that can be cured in a short time, such as an ultraviolet curable resin. The compounding ratio between the liquid crystal material and the resin material is from 9: 1 to 1: 9, and preferably from 2: 1 to 1: 2.

Next, a driving circuit and a driving method of the liquid crystal panel of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention manufactured as described above will be described. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the drive circuit. In FIG. 17, reference numeral 171 denotes an amplifier for amplifying an input video signal so as to conform to a range of electro-optical characteristics of a liquid crystal panel. Generally, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel has a rising voltage of 1.5 to 2. Since the voltage at which the transmittance is 0 V and the maximum transmittance is approximately 6.0 to 7.0 V, the signal is amplified so as to have the pedestal level and the signal amplitude of the video signal so as to conform to the above range.

Next, the gain-adjusted video signal enters a phase division circuit 172 . The phase division circuit 172 outputs two video signals of a positive polarity and a negative polarity of the input video signal. Next, the two positive and negative video signals output from the phase division circuit 172 are input to the output switching circuit 173. The output switching circuit 173 outputs a video signal whose polarity is inverted for each field, and outputs the video signal to the source drive IC 175. The reason for inverting the polarity for each field as described above is to apply an AC voltage to the liquid crystal and prevent the liquid crystal from deteriorating.
The source drive IC 175 responds to a control signal from the drive control circuit 177 to perform a level shift / D /
A conversion and the like are performed and applied to the liquid crystal panel 174 in synchronization with the gate drive IC 116.

Next, a driving method will be described. As described above, a signal whose polarity is inverted for each field is applied to the liquid crystal panel 174. In addition, signals of opposite polarities are applied to adjacent source signal lines.
With the opposite polarity, if a positive signal is applied to the first source signal line at a certain time, a negative signal is applied to the second source signal line adjacent to the first source signal line. Means that. As a matter of course, the signals applied to the first and second source signal lines not only have different polarities, but also have different amplitude values of the video signal depending on the displayed image. The state at that time is shown in FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b). (FIG. 18
In (a) and (b)), one square means one pixel, + display indicates that a positive voltage is maintained, and-display indicates that a negative voltage is maintained. ing. If the state of FIG. 18A is a driving state at a certain time, that is, a certain field, the driving state after one field is as shown in FIG. 18B.

The reason why signals of opposite polarities are applied to adjacent source signal lines as described above is as follows. Pixel
The electrodes and the source signal lines are connected via a liquid crystal layer, an insulating layer 15, and the like.
To bind Te, parasitic capacitance 32a, 32b is generated between the pixel electrode 14 and the source signal line as shown in (Fig. 3). In addition, the pixel electrode and the source signal line overlap, that is,
Make sure that the source signal line and the pixel electrode are not electrically short-circuited.
And the distance between adjacent pixel electrodes is the width of the source signal line.
So that the distance between the pixels is
The parasitic capacitance 32 is generated even if the
Live. As shown in FIG. 3, it is assumed that a positive signal is applied to the source signal line 11a and a negative signal is applied to the source signal line 11b. Now, it is assumed that the amplitude values of the signals applied to the source signal lines 11a and 11b are substantially the same, and the capacitances of the parasitic capacitances 32a and 32b are substantially the same, only with the difference in the polarity of the signal. Then, the parasitic capacitances 32a and 32b cancel each other in the pixel electrode 14, and the potential does not fluctuate. Thus, be regarded as complete absence parasitic capacitance generated by the overlapping pixel electrode 14 and the source signal line.

As described above, in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device of the present invention, since the insulating layer 15a and the like are formed on the source signal lines and between the pixel electrodes 14 and the source signal lines , the pixel electrodes are formed. No light leakage around 14
In addition, since the insulating layers 15a and 15b are formed, no display noise occurs due to the abnormal alignment state of the liquid crystal.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. (FIG. 4)
In the figure, 13a and 13b are TFT forming positions. Note that, except that two TFTs are formed in one pixel, the configuration is the same as that of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and a description thereof will be omitted. As is clear from FIG. 4, the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment of the present invention has two TFTs per pixel. The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, 51a and 51b are TFs.
T, 52a and 52b are parasitic capacitances generated between the drain and the source of the TFT. The TFTs 51a and 51b are connected to different gate and source signal lines. The driving circuit and the driving method are the same as those of the liquid crystal display device of the first aspect of the present invention, and the description is omitted.

The second liquid crystal display device of the present invention forms a two TFT diagonal positions of a pixel as seen in (Fig. 4). Therefore, the distances arranged in parallel to the pixel electrode and the source signal line on the left and right of one pixel are equal. Therefore, the parasitic capacitances 52a and 52b are completely equal in capacitance. First
The TFT 31 of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a parasitic capacitance between the drain and the source. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment, the source signal line 11a and the pixel electrode 14
Is the sum of the parasitic capacitance between the drain and the source of the TFT 31 and the parasitic capacitance 32a, while the parasitic capacitance between the source signal line 11b and the pixel electrode 14 is only the parasitic capacitance 32b. Therefore, an unbalance of the parasitic capacitance occurs. Thus, the potential of the pixel electrode 14 slightly moves due to the voltage applied to the source signal line.

However, as apparent from FIG. 5, in the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment, the source signal lines 11a,
The capacitance between the pixel electrode 11b and the pixel electrode 14 becomes equal. Therefore, when the driving method described in the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment of the present invention is used, the potential of the pixel electrode 14 is not influenced at all by the voltage applied to the source signal line . Therefore, a display with a higher contrast can be performed as compared with the first aspect of the present invention. In addition, the TFTs 51a and 51b
If one of them is normal, it does not become a defect, and the defect occurrence rate is greatly improved.

Hereinafter, the liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention. However, components unnecessary for the description are omitted. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 61 denotes a condensing optical system which has a concave mirror and 250 W of a metal halide lamp as light generating means therein. The concave mirror is configured to reflect only visible light.
Further, an ultraviolet cut filter (not shown) is arranged at an emission end of the condensing optical system 61. An infrared cut mirror 62 transmits infrared light and reflects only visible light. However, the infrared cut mirror 62 is a focusing optical system.
Needless to say, it may be arranged inside 61 . 63a is BDM, 63b is GDM, 63c is RDM
It is. Note that the arrangement of the BDMs 63a to RDMs 63c is not limited to the above order, and it goes without saying that the last RDM 63c may be replaced by a total reflection mirror. Reference numerals 64a, 64b and 64c denote the first or second polymer dispersed liquid crystal panels of the present invention. The liquid crystal panel has an antireflection film formed on at least the light incident surface in order to prevent halation and reflection of light. 65a, 65b and 65c are lenses, 67a,
67b and 67c are projection lenses, and 66a, 66b and 66c are apertures as apertures. Note that 6
5, 66 and 67 constitute a schlieren optical system. The set of 65, 66, and 67 is referred to as a projection lens system unless otherwise hindered. The aperture is FNo. Obviously this is not necessary when is large.

The arrangement of the projection lens system is as follows. First, the distance between the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal panel and the lens 65 is set to be substantially equal to the distance between the lens 65 and the aperture 66. The lens 65 is selected so that the light collection angle θ is about 6 degrees or less. The aperture diameter D of the aperture 66 is set to about 1 cm when the distance L is 10 cm. The above-described projection lens system plays a role of transmitting parallel rays transmitted through each liquid crystal panel and transmitting lights scattered by each liquid crystal panel. As a result, a high-contrast full-color display can be realized on the screen. If the aperture diameter D of the aperture is reduced, the contrast is improved. However, the image brightness on the screen decreases.

The thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel of the present invention is 1
When the thickness is 0 to 15 μm, it is necessary that at least the condensing angle θ of the lens is 8 degrees or less. Above all, the optimal angle is around 6 degrees. At that time, the contrast is 200: 1 at the center of the screen, and when projected on a 40-inch screen in the rear mode,
Compared to a CRT projection television, higher screen brightness could be obtained. At this time, the aperture diameter of the aperture was 10 mm, and the distance L was about 100 mm. More specifically, the configuration diagram of FIG. 8 is shown by a perspective view shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, 71 and 72 are lenses, 73 is a mirror, and 74a, 74b and 74c are projection lenses or projection lens systems.

The operation of the liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention will be described below. The R, G, and B light modulation systems perform almost the same operation, and therefore the B light modulation system will be described as an example. First, white light is irradiated from the condensing optical system 61, and the B light component of the white light is converted to a BDM 63a.
Is reflected by The B light is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel 6
4a. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel (FIG. 1)
As shown in 6), scattering and transmission of incident light are controlled by a signal applied to the pixel electrode, and light is modulated. The scattered light is shielded by the aperture 66a, and conversely, parallel light or light within a predetermined angle passes through the aperture 66a. The modulated light is screened (not shown) by the projection lens 67a.
Is enlarged and projected. As described above, the B light component of the image is displayed on the screen. Similarly, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel 64b modulates the light of the G light component, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel 64c modulates the light of the R light component, so that a color image is displayed on the screen.

Hereinafter, a driving circuit and a driving method of the liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a drive circuit of the liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention. In FIG. 19, 64c is a liquid crystal panel that modulates R light,
64b is a liquid crystal panel that modulates G light, 64a is a liquid crystal panel that modulates B light, and a phase division circuit that generates positive and negative video signals of video signals input to the base by R1, R2 and transistor Q. 172 in (FIG. 17). 191a, 191b and 191c
Reference numeral denotes an output switching circuit for outputting an AC video signal whose polarity is inverted for each field to a liquid crystal panel. After the gain of the video signal is adjusted to a predetermined value, the video signal is divided into signals corresponding to the R, G, and B lights. These video signals are referred to as a video signal (R), a video signal (G), and a video signal (B), respectively.
And Each video signal (R, G, B) enters a phase division circuit, and two positive and negative video signals are generated by this circuit.

Next, the two video signals enter respective output switching circuits 191a, 191b, and 191c, and the circuits output video signals with inverted polarities for each field. The reason for inverting the polarity for each field is to prevent the deterioration of the liquid crystal by applying an AC voltage to the liquid crystal as described above. Next, the video signals from the respective output switching circuits enter the source drive IC 175. Control circuit 17
7 is a source drive IC 175 and a gate drive IC 1
The image is displayed on the liquid crystal panel in synchronization with 76.

Next, the visibility of the human eye will be described.
The human eye has the highest sensitivity near the wavelength of 555 nm. Of the three primary colors of light, green is the highest, red is the next, and blue is the least sensitive. To obtain a luminance signal proportional to this sensitivity, 30% for red, 60% for green, and 10% for blue
Just add it. Therefore, in order to obtain white color in a television image, it is only necessary to add R: B: G = 3: 6: 1. Further, as described above, the liquid crystal needs to be driven by an alternating current. The AC drive is performed by alternately applying positive and negative signals to a voltage (hereinafter, referred to as a common voltage) applied to a counter electrode of the liquid crystal panel. In the present embodiment, a signal of positive polarity is applied to the liquid crystal panel, and the visibility n
+ N indicates a state in which light having an intensity of is modulated, and -n indicates a state in which light having an intensity of luminosity n is applied by applying a negative polarity signal.

For example, light of R: G: B = 3: 6: 1 is applied to the liquid crystal panel, a positive signal is applied to the R and B liquid crystal panels, and a negative signal is applied to the G liquid crystal panel. If the signal is applied, it is expressed as + 3−−6 · + 1. Note that R: G: B = 3: 6: 1 is for an NTSC television image, and in a liquid crystal projection television, the above ratio varies depending on the characteristics of a lamp / dichroic mirror of a light source. In FIG. 19, as indicated by + 3−−6 · + 1, light of R: G: B = 3: 6: 1 is applied, and the positive and negative signals are applied to the R and B liquid crystal panels. This shows that a negative signal is applied to the liquid crystal panel. After one field, a signal applied state expressed as −3 + 6−1 is set.

FIG. 20 shows waveforms of signals applied to each liquid crystal panel. (FIG. 20 (a)) is a signal waveform of the liquid crystal display device 64c for modulating the R light, (FIG. 20 (b)) is a signal waveform of the liquid crystal display device 64b for modulating the G light, (FIG. 20 (c))
Is a signal waveform of the liquid crystal display device 64a for modulating the B light. As is clear from FIGS. 20 (a), (b) and (c), the signal waveform for G light modulation has the opposite polarity to the signal waveform for R and B light modulation. Normally, even if the same signal is applied to the liquid crystal display device, there is a slight difference in the voltage held in the pixel between the even field and the odd field. this is,
The on current and the off current of the TFT are different depending on the polarity of the video signal, or are caused by the difference in holding characteristics between the positive electric field and the negative electric field of the alignment film or the like. A phenomenon called flicker appears due to the difference. However, in the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 18, the polarity of the signal between adjacent source signal lines is changed, and as shown in FIG. By making the polarity opposite to that of the B light modulation signal, flicker can be prevented from being visually observed. The reason why the G light modulation signal has the opposite polarity to that of the other light is that the light intensity is R: G: B = 3: 6: 1, and the signal polarity and human vision are considered (R + B). : G =
(3 + 1): 6 = 4: 6, almost positive component and negative electrode
This is because the sex component is balanced.

Although the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is described as a transmissive liquid crystal panel, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is clear that a reflective structure may be adopted. In that case, the pixel electrode may be formed of a metal material. In addition, although only the pixel electrode 14 and the source signal line are formed so as to overlap with each other, the present invention is not limited to this, and the gate signal line and the pixel electrode 14 may be formed so as to overlap with each other. Pixels and signal lines must be placed one on top of the other
Accordingly, light leakage from the periphery of the pixel is further reduced.
Further, in FIG. 6, the projection lens system is a schlieren optical system, but is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, parallel light is shielded by a light shielding body 82 and scattered light is projected on a screen. Needless to say, a central shielding type optical system may be used.

The structure of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is TF
The present invention is not limited to T, and is also effective for a liquid crystal display device using a two-terminal element such as a diode as a switching element.

In FIG. 6, the light is incident from the array substrate side. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is apparent that the same effect can be obtained even if the light is incident from the opposite substrate. Therefore, the liquid crystal device and the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention are not affected by the incident direction of light.

Although the substrate 22 is a glass substrate, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is obvious that the substrate 22 may be a semiconductor substrate such as silicon. In addition, the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment is desirably expressed so as not to form a BM, but is not limited thereto (FIG. 21).
It is clear that the BM 211 may be formed as shown in FIG. However, since the liquid crystal solution under the BM is hardly polymerized because the ultraviolet light is blocked by the BM, it is necessary to completely polymerize the liquid crystal solution under the BM by heating the panel after the portions other than under the BM are polymerized with the ultraviolet light. is there.

Further, in this embodiment, the insulating layer 15a is formed on the TFT and the source signal line. However, since it is important to prevent light leakage around the pixel electrode, the process is performed in that sense. When it is possible to form the insulating layer only on the periphery of the pixel,
It is also clear that it is not necessary to form both the insulating layers 15a and 15b, and if they can be formed by a process, (FIG.
As shown in 2), only the insulating layer 15a may be formed with a sufficient thickness.

Although the insulating layer is formed only on the TFT and the source signal line and in the vicinity thereof, the present invention is not limited to this. When necessary, the gate signal line and the gate signal line may be connected as shown in FIG. It does not exclude the formation in the vicinity. The same applies to the insulating layer 15b on the counter substrate 21.

In the embodiment of the liquid crystal projection type television of the present invention, the rear type liquid crystal projection type TV is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the front type liquid crystal projection type TV projects an image on a reflection type screen. It goes without saying that a TV may be used. Furthermore, in the liquid crystal projection television of this embodiment, the color separation is performed by the dichroic mirror. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the color separation may be performed using an absorption color filter.

In the liquid crystal projection television of this embodiment, one projection lens system is provided for each of the R, G, and B light modulation systems. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It is needless to say that the display images modulated by the liquid crystal panel may be combined into one and then input to one projection lens system by using.

[0055]

As described above, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, since the insulating layer is formed, no liquid crystal exists between the pixel electrode and the source signal line, and therefore, no lateral electric field is applied to the liquid crystal. For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the occurrence of image sticking and decomposition of the liquid crystal due to the application of a DC voltage to the liquid crystal, which have conventionally been problems specific to the liquid crystal display device. Further, since the insulating layer is formed on the peripheral portion of the pixel electrode and on the upper layer in the vicinity thereof, no liquid crystal exists in the above-mentioned portion. Therefore, the liquid crystal is aligned along the oblique electric field,
By modulating the light, it is possible to prevent display noise or light leakage from occurring, thereby improving the contrast and greatly improving the image quality. In addition, the pixels and signal lines
By overlapping, light leakage from the periphery of the pixel
Further reduction is achieved, and high contrast display can be realized. This effect increases as the pixel size decreases, and becomes significantly more pronounced at a pixel size of 100 μm square or less, and the effect becomes significant at a pixel size of 60 μm square or less.

Further, since an insulating layer is formed on both the opposing substrate and the array substrate, a large effect can be expected even if the thickness of the insulating layer that can be manufactured cannot be increased at present. That is,
Although it was quite difficult to produce a 10 μm or more protruding pillar-shaped insulating layer by a conventional process, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention formed a 5 μm protruding pillar-shaped insulating layer on both the array substrate and the counter substrate. The production is very easy. Conventionally, beads are sandwiched between an array substrate and a counter substrate in order to keep the liquid crystal film thickness at a constant value. However, the insulating layer formed in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a predetermined film thickness. Thereby, a constant liquid crystal film thickness can be obtained without using beads, and the number of steps can be reduced. That is,
The insulating layer may be formed so that the film thickness obtained by adding 15a and 15b is equal to the diameter of the beads. In addition, by forming an insulating layer, a BM is unnecessary or a BM width can be significantly reduced, an aperture ratio can be increased, and high luminance can be achieved.

In the liquid crystal display device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the lengths of the left and right sides of the pixel electrode and the source signal line are made equal to each other, and the left and right sides of the pixel electrode are located at opposite positions of the pixel electrode. A TFT is formed. Therefore, the parasitic capacitance between the source signal line located on the right of one pixel electrode and the pixel electrode is equal to the parasitic capacitance between the source signal line located on the left and the pixel electrode. Therefore, by using the driving method described in the embodiment, the potential of the pixel electrode is not affected by the video signal applied to the source signal line, and a high-quality image can be displayed. Since one of the two TFTs only needs to perform a normal operation, the manufacturing yield is greatly improved.

In a liquid crystal projection television, image brightness and contrast are large as images giving to image quality. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention uses a polymer dispersed liquid crystal,
Compared to the conventional TN liquid crystal, it is possible to increase the brightness of the image twice or more, and since the insulating layers 15a and 15b are formed, light leakage around the pixel electrode is greatly reduced. Is also expensive. Therefore, the liquid crystal projection type television of the present invention using the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a conventional TN type.
Compared with a liquid crystal projection type television using a liquid crystal display device, it is possible to realize much higher luminance and higher contrast.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of one pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along lines AA ′ and BB ′ in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of one pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a central light shielding type projection lens system.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a conventional liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 10 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a conventional liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of one pixel portion of a conventional liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along lines AA ′ and BB ′ in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the TN liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a conventional liquid crystal projection television.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a drive circuit according to an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a driving method of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a drive circuit according to an embodiment of the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of a driving method of the liquid crystal projection television according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of one pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of one pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a plan view of one pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

11, S ₁ ~S _n source signal lines 12, G ₁ ~Gm gate signal line 14 pixel electrode 31 and 51 TFT 32, 52 parasitic capacitance 21 counter substrate 22 the array substrate 15 insulating layer 25 liquid crystal layer 24 counter electrode 13 TFT forming position 61 Condensing optical system 62 Infrared cut mirror 63, 153 Dichroic mirror 64 Polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel 65, 71, 72, 81 Lens 66 Aperture 67, 157 Projection lens 73 Mirror 74 Projection lens system 82 Light shield 83 Projection lens

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI G09F 9/30 338 G09G 3/36 G09G 3/36 H04N 5/74 K H04N 5/74 G02F 1/136 500 (56) References JP-A-63-289529 (JP, A) JP-A-1-307728 (JP, A) JP-A-1-320890 (JP, A) JP-A-62-223727 (JP, A) JP-A-63-55590 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02F 9/00-9/47 G02F 1/133 G02F 1/1343 G02F 1/136

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] (1) light transmittance arranged in a matrix
And a transformer for applying a signal to the pixel electrode.
Connected to the source terminal of the transistor element and the transistor element
A first electrode substrate on which a formed source signal line is formed, a second electrode substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, and a liquid sandwiched between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate.
Crystal layer, signal applying means for applying a video signal to the source signal line,
A first source signal line is arranged on one side of the pixel electrode, a second source signal line is arranged on the other side of the pixel electrode, and a first transistor element and a second Tran
A transistor element is arranged, and a first drain of a first transistor element is provided on the pixel electrode.
And a second drain of a second transistor element is connected to the pixel electrode.
Terminal is connected to a first source terminal of the first transistor element.
Is connected to the second source terminal of the second transistor element.
Are connected, and the signal applying unit is configured to connect the first source signal line and the
A second source signal formed adjacent to one source signal line
Apply a video signal of opposite polarity to the signal line, and at a predetermined cycle
Liquid crystal display characterized by reversing the polarity of video signals
apparatus. 2. The light transmittance arranged in a matrix.
Having a pixel electrode and a source for applying a signal to the pixel electrode
A first electrode substrate having a signal line formed thereon, a second electrode substrate having a counter electrode formed thereon, and a liquid sandwiched between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate.
Crystal layer, signal applying means for applying a video signal to the source signal line,
Comprising a neighboring pixel electrode distance was of less than the width of the source signal line
Distance between the pixel electrodes and the source signal line
A first source signal line is arranged on one side of the pixel electrode, a second source signal line is arranged on the other side of the pixel electrode, and Source signal line and the
2 and a video signal of opposite polarity is applied to the source signal line 2 and
Characterized in that the polarity of the video signal is inverted at regular intervals.
Liquid crystal display device. 3. The light transmissivity arranged in a matrix.
Having a pixel electrode and a source for applying a signal to the pixel electrode
A first electrode substrate having a signal line formed thereon, a second electrode substrate having a counter electrode formed thereon, and a liquid sandwiched between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate.
Crystal layer, a projection made of an insulator disposed between pixel electrodes, and signal applying means for applying a video signal to the source signal line.
Comprising a, said height of the projection is substantially coincident with the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, the first source signal lines are arranged on one side of the pixel electrode, a second source signal in the other side of the pixel electrode And the signal applying unit is configured to connect the first source signal line to the first source signal line.
2 and a video signal of opposite polarity is applied to the source signal line 2 and
Characterized in that the polarity of the video signal is inverted at regular intervals.
Liquid crystal display device. 4. The light transmittance arranged in a matrix.
Having a pixel electrode and a source for applying a signal to the pixel electrode
A first electrode substrate having a signal line formed thereon, a second electrode substrate having a counter electrode formed thereon, and a liquid sandwiched between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate.
Crystal layer, a protrusion made of an insulator disposed between pixel electrodes, and signal applying means for applying a video signal to the source signal line.
Comprising a, said height of the projection is substantially coincident with the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, the first source signal lines are arranged on one side of the pixel electrode, a second source signal in the other side of the pixel electrode And the distance between adjacent pixel electrodes is equal to or less than the width of the source signal line.
Distance between the pixel electrodes and the source signal line
And the signal application unit is configured to be connected to the first source signal line and the first source signal line.
2 and a video signal of opposite polarity is applied to the source signal line 2 and
Characterized in that the polarity of the video signal is inverted at regular intervals.
Liquid crystal display device. 5. The second electrode substrate and the first electrode substrate and the signal line is formed to apply a signal to the pixel electrode and the pixel electrode switching elements are arranged in a matrix, on which a counter electrode is formed A first protrusion made of an insulator formed on at least one of the signal line and the switching element of the first electrode substrate
Objects and the first in projection and the facing position, and the opposed second projections formed on the electrode, the first electrode substrate and the liquid crystal sandwiched between the second electrode substrate A layer, and signal applying means for applying a video signal to the source signal line.
It comprises a front at the height of the height and the second protrusion of the first protrusion
The thickness of the liquid crystal layer is defined, a first source signal line is arranged on one side of the pixel electrode, a second source signal line is arranged on the other side of the pixel electrode, and the signal applying means is A first source signal line and the
2 and a video signal of opposite polarity is applied to the source signal line 2 and
A liquid crystal display device wherein the polarity of the video signal is inverted at a fixed period . 6. The height of the projection is 1/10 or less of the thickness of the liquid crystal.
6. The liquid according to claim 5, wherein the ratio is not more than 1/2.
Crystal display device. 7. The liquid crystal layer is a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer, and the particle diameter or pore size of the droplet-shaped liquid crystal of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer.
The pore size of the limmer network is 0.5μm or more and 1.5μm
And the compounding ratio between the liquid crystal material and the resin material is 9: 1
And from 1: 9.
6. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of 5. A liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 8 claims 1 to claim 7, a light generating unit, an optical transmission means for guiding the light emitted from said light generating means to said liquid crystal display device, the projection display device which is characterized in that comprising a projection means for enlarging and projecting the light modulated by the liquid crystal display device. 9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein
Liquid crystal display device, light generation means, light transmission means for guiding light emitted from the light generation means to the liquid crystal display device, and projection means for enlarging and projecting light modulated by the liquid crystal display device. And a converging angle θ of the projection means is 6 degrees or less.