JP2973645B2 - Polyester fiber - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polyester fiber for clothing, which has a soft feel, has excellent strength and elongation characteristics, and has good dyeability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Polyester fibers, especially polyethylene terephthalate fibers, are widely used in clothing and industrial applications because of their excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance and mechanical properties. However, on the other hand, polyethylene terephthalate fibers have a disadvantage that they have a hard feel compared to other fibers, tend to cause pilling, and have poor dyeing properties.

Recently, as a method for producing polyethylene terephthalate fiber, a one-step method capable of omitting the drawing step, that is, a high-speed spinning method, has been generalized from a two-step method in which a conventional spinning step and a subsequent drawing step are performed. It is known that fibers obtained by this high-speed spinning have a softer texture than fibers obtained by a conventional two-step method and are suitable for use in clothing. In addition, the dyeability is improved as compared with the fiber produced by the conventional two-step method, but it is still not sufficient. For the purpose of improving the dyeability, JP-A-57-161121 and JP-A-59-66514 disclose that a high-speed spun polyethylene terephthalate yarn is subjected to high-temperature heat treatment to modify the fiber structure, A method for imparting dyeability is disclosed. However, the ease of dyeing due to the modification is not yet sufficient, and a high-temperature heat treatment step is added in the manufacturing process, which is not preferable in terms of manufacturing cost. Cause transformation.
Further, labor for strictly controlling the temperature for solving such a problem is required.

On the other hand, JP-A-53-139821 discloses a method of copolymerizing a polyoxyalkylene glycol as a means for improving dyeability from a raw material polymer, and JP-A-58-120815 discloses tetramethylene glycol. A method of copolymerizing a glycol component such as 1,4-cyclohexanediol;
No. 4 discloses 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol,
2,2-bis [4- (2-hydroethoxy) phenyl]
A method for copolymerizing propane is known. Although these methods can achieve improvement in dyeability, they have drawbacks such as a decrease in light resistance and a decrease in yarn strength.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to modify polyethylene terephthalate so that it has a softer texture than conventional polyester fibers,
An object of the present invention is to provide a polyester fiber for clothing which is excellent in strength and elongation characteristics and excellent in dyeability and light resistance.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to achieve a strength of 4.0 g / d or more, an elongation of 30% or more, and a temperature at which tan δ obtained from dynamic viscoelasticity measurement shows a peak is 105 ° C. or less. Wherein the polyester fiber is polyethylene terephthalate in which an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 or more carbon atoms is copolymerized with 2 to 20 mol% based on all dicarboxylic acid components. Can be achieved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The tensile properties of the polyester fiber of the present invention are required to have a strength of 4.0 g / d or more and an elongation of 30% or more. Otherwise, thread breakage due to abrasion or impact in a high-order processing step such as weaving. This is not preferable because troubles such as the above occur, and the processability decreases. The elongation is more preferably 40% or more, and even more preferably 45% or more.

It is necessary that the temperature at which tan δ obtained from dynamic viscoelasticity measurement shows a peak is 105 ° C. or less. Here, tan δ is determined from dynamic viscoelasticity measurement at a heating rate of 3 ° C./min and a measurement frequency of 110 Hz. If it exceeds 105 ° C., the effect of improving the dyeability is small, and high temperature and high pressure dyeing is required, which is not preferable. For such a reason, it is more preferable that the temperature is 100 ° C. or lower.
However, it is not necessarily better if the temperature is lower, and if the temperature is too low, the heat resistance of the fiber decreases. Therefore, from a practical viewpoint, the temperature is preferably 60 ° C or higher, more preferably 65 ° C or higher, and 70 ° C or higher. The above is more preferable.

The polymer constituting the polyester fiber of the present invention is a copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate in which 2 to 20 mol% of the total dicarboxylic acid component is composed of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 or more carbon atoms.

As the copolymerization component, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component is indispensable, and a copolymerization component containing a large amount of oxygen such as polyalkylene glycol and a copolymerization component having a large polarity such as 5-sodium isophthalic acid are used. ,Strength·
It is not preferable because it lowers elongation characteristics and light fastness, for example, fading fastness. On the other hand, even if the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component has less than 8 carbon atoms, the effects of the present invention cannot be obtained, which is not preferable.

The aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 or more carbon atoms in the present invention is an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having at least 8 carbon atoms including a carbon atom constituting a carboxyl group between two carboxyl groups. It is. Specific examples include suberic acid (carbon number = 8), azelaic acid (carbon number = 9), sebacic acid (carbon number = 10), dodecanedioic acid (carbon number = 12), brassic acid (carbon number = 13), Eicosane diacid (carbon number = 20), dimer acid (carbon number = 3)
6) etc.). Since a fiber having more excellent mechanical properties is obtained, the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 to 36 carbon atoms is preferable, and the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 to 22 carbon atoms is more preferable. Having 8 to 16 carbon atoms
More preferably, the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component is The above-mentioned aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component may be used in combination of plural kinds of compounds.

The amount of the above-mentioned aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component is 2 to 20% by mole, preferably 6 to 13% by mole of all dicarboxylic acid components constituting the polyester.
If it is less than 2 mol%, the effect of improving the dyeability is small, and
If it exceeds mol%, the heat resistance of the resulting fiber is undesirably low. Also, within the range of 7 mol%,
Further, other dicarboxylic acids and / or diols can be contained within a range not exceeding the addition amount (molar fraction) of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. Further, various additives such as matting agents, flame retardants, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, crystal nucleating agents, optical brighteners and the like are copolymerized or mixed as necessary. Is also good.

The polyester constituting the fiber of the present invention is:
In an ordinary production process of polyethylene terephthalate, for example, at any stage before the completion of the polycondensation reaction, the above reaction is carried out by converting an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 or more carbon atoms into dicarboxylic acid or a lower alkyl ester of dicarboxylic acid. It can be produced by adding to the system and copolymerizing. At that time, the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 or more carbon atoms may be added after being powdered or dispersed, dissolved, or heat-treated in a suitable solvent such as ethylene glycol.

[0014] The polyester fiber of the present invention is 6000 m
The polyester can be obtained by melt spinning the polyester by an ultra-high speed spinning method having a take-up speed of at least / min.

In the spinning step, the temperature of the atmosphere below the die surface is set to 150 ° C. within a range of 600 mm from below the die.
It is preferable to maintain the spinning temperature at or below the above from the viewpoint of spinning properties. For example, under a spin box equipped with a spin pack, a length of 50 mm or more and 600 mm or less, more preferably 200 m, heated to a temperature of 150 ° C. or more and a spinning temperature or less.
This is achieved by using a heating cylinder having a length of not less than m and not more than 400 mm. Further, as another method, the position of the spin pack mounted on the spin box is adjusted so that the length of the spinneret surface and the lower surface of the spin box is 50 mm or more and 600 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or more and 400 mm or less. Also, the atmosphere temperature under the surface of the die can be set in the preferable range described above.

The fiber of the present invention can be used for ordinary weaving and knitting, strong twisting,
In apparel applications such as false twisting, it can be used as a fiber having characteristics such as softness and easy dyeability unique to ultrahigh-speed spun fibers while maintaining sufficient mechanical properties. In particular, polyester fibers suitable for raising can be produced. Also, as a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, it can be used as a nonwoven fabric having excellent properties not inferior to the conventional polyester spunbond.

The polyester fiber of the present invention is obtained by copolymerizing a relatively large amount of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having a carbon number of 8 or more and having a high content of methylene group, and the aromatic fiber contained per unit volume of polyester is higher than that of ordinary polyethylene terephthalate. It is designed to reduce the ring concentration. Therefore, the flexibility of the molecular chains increases and the interaction between the polyester molecular chains decreases, and the orientation of the molecular chains in the ultra-high-speed spinning process advances compared to polyethylene terephthalate in which the copolymer component of the present invention is not copolymerized. Difficult
It has a soft texture and is considered to be a fiber with good dyeability. Although the copolymer component of the present invention suppresses the molecular chain orientation during the ultra-high-speed spinning process, the fiber component is formed without inhibiting crystal formation, and thus it is considered that the strength and elongation characteristics of the fiber do not decrease.

The fiber of the present invention uses an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an aliphatic chain having a small polarity as a copolymer component, and uses a copolymer component having a large polarity such as polyalkylene glycol and 5-sodium isophthalic acid. It is considered that the fading fastness does not decrease because moisture, oxygen, and the like that promote the degradation reaction of the dye are less likely to be present in the fiber than the fiber used.

[0019]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. Each characteristic value in the examples was obtained according to the following method. (A) Intrinsic viscosity An orthochlorophenol solution was measured at 25 ° C. (B) Melting point The melting point was determined at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min using a DSC-4 model manufactured by Perkin-Elmer. (C) Fiber strength and elongation A load elongation curve was measured and determined using a Tensilon tensile tester manufactured by Orientec Co., at a sample length of 200 mm and a pulling speed of 200 mm / min. (D) Dynamic Viscoelasticity Using Vibron DDV-II-EP manufactured by Orientec, in a range of 30 to 200 ° C., a heating rate of 3 ° C. /
Minute, measure the tan δ curve at a measurement frequency of 110 Hz, and
Value of peak (tanδmax) and temperature (Tmax) at which peak appears
). (E) Dyeing properties After knitting the fiber and performing scouring at 60 ° C for 20 minutes,
After dyeing for 60 minutes at normal pressure and boiling under the following conditions,
A reduction treatment was performed at 20 ° C. for 20 minutes, followed by air drying. After heat setting at 150 ° C for 1 minute using a small pin tenter, 8
Stacked sample pieces were prepared. The L value was measured with a colorimeter (CR-200 manufactured by Minolta). The lower the L value, the deeper the fiber color. That is, a large amount of the dye is exhausted in the fiber, and it is determined that the lower the L value, the better the dyeability.

Dyeing conditions Dyeing material ND Super Auto BLUE S-GL 3% owf Dispersant Ionette TD-208 0.5 g / l pH adjuster PH500 0.5 g / l Light fastener Cibatex LFN 2% owf Bath ratio 1:50 ( F) Fading Fastness The sample prepared was dyed in the same manner as in the above (E) and irradiated with a fade meter at 83 ° C. for 300 hours to conduct a light fastness test, and the blue scale was used to determine the grade.

Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Starting from 150 parts by weight of terephthalic acid, 20 parts by weight of sebacic acid (10 mol% based on the total dicarboxylic acid) and 75 parts by weight of ethylene glycol 0.03 parts by weight of an 85% aqueous solution of orthophosphoric acid as a coloring inhibitor, 0.06 parts by weight of antimony trioxide as a polycondensation catalyst, and cobalt acetate 4 as a toning agent. A polycondensation reaction was performed by adding 0.06 parts by weight of a water salt to obtain a copolymerized polyester. The melting point of this polymer,
The intrinsic viscosity is shown in Table 1 (Polymer D). A spinning temperature of this polymer was set to 280 ° C., a heating tube heated to 250 ° C. with a length of 100 mm was mounted under a spin box, and a take-off speed of 60 ° C.
Melt spinning at 00,7000 m / min, 75 denier / 3
A 6-filament polyester fiber was obtained. Table 2 shows the strength, elongation, tan δmax, Tmax, dyeability, and fading fastness of the obtained fiber (Examples 1 and 2).

In the same polymerization method as above, the copolymerization ratio of sebacic acid was 3 mol% (polymer C in Table 1), 15 mol%
(Polymer E in Table 1) to obtain a copolymerized polyester, the spinning temperature was set to (melting point + 45) ° C., and the spinning was carried out by the same spinning method at a take-up speed of 7000 m / min. A polyester fiber was obtained. Each characteristic value of the obtained fiber is also shown in Table 2.

As a comparative example, polyethylene terephthalate (Polymer A in Table 1) obtained by the same polymerization method as described above but without copolymerization was used, and the same spinning method was used. Table 3 shows each characteristic value of the polyester fiber obtained by melt-spinning at a take-up speed of 6,000,7000 m / min.
It was also described in.

From the comparison between Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 or 2, it can be seen that the polyester fiber within the scope of the present invention has a low L value and good dyeability. The fading fastness was also good. The fiber had excellent tensile properties of 4 g / d or more, and had a soft and good texture.

Examples 5 and 6, Comparative Examples 3 to 7 Copolymerized polyesters (polymers F, G, H, I and B in Table 1) were obtained in the same manner as described above using various copolymer components. Was. Table 1 shows the intrinsic viscosity and melting point of the obtained copolymerized polyester. Spinning temperature of these polymers (melting point + 45)
° C and a take-up speed of 7000 m by the same spinning method as above.
Per minute, and a polyester fiber of 75 denier / 36 filaments was obtained. However, for Comparative Example 6, melt spinning was performed using polymer D, and a take-up speed of 1500 m /
After being wound once per minute, the fiber was drawn 3.5 times at a drawing temperature of 60 ° C. to obtain a fiber. Table 3 also shows each characteristic value of the obtained fiber.

Polyester fibers obtained from the copolymers F and G of the present invention (Examples 5 and 6)
Is low in L value, has good dyeing properties, and has good fastness to fading. Polymer H containing no copolymer component of the present invention (Comparative Example 3) has a small effect of improving dyeing properties, and Polymer I (Comparative Example) The method 4) is not suitable for practical use because the dyeability is improved but the fastness to fading decreases and the strength decreases.

On the other hand, even with the copolymerized polyester of the present invention, the copolymer B having a copolymerization ratio of less than 2 mol% (Comparative Example 5) does not show the effect of improving the dyeability. Further, even if the copolymerization ratio is within the range of the present invention and the Tmax is high (Comparative Example 6), the effect of improving the dyeability is small, which is not preferable.

[0028]

[Table 1]

[0029]

[Table 2]

[0030]

[Table 3]

[0031]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The polyester fiber of the present invention has a soft texture, good dyeing properties and good fastness to fading, so that it can be provided as a polyester fiber suitable for clothing products requiring fashionability.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-57916 (JP, A) JP-A-4-245917 (JP, A) JP-A-4-361610 (JP, A) 7171 (JP, B1) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) D01F 6/84 D01F 6/62

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] (1) a strength of 4.0 g / d or more and an elongation of 30% or more;
And a polyester fiber having a temperature at which tan δ peaked from dynamic viscoelasticity measurement is 105 ° C. or less, wherein the polyester has an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component having 8 or more carbon atoms in 2 to 2 parts with respect to all dicarboxylic acid components. Polyester fiber characterized by polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized by 20 mol%.