JP2950155B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a horizontal type machine tool having a simple structure capable of moving a main shaft left and right and up and down.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A horizontal machining center shown in FIG. 3 is known. This machine tool has a rear base 42 having X-axis rails 41, 41 on its upper surface, and a Y-axis rail (not shown), and is mounted on the rear base 42 so as to be movable left and right along the X-axis rails 41, 41. A movable column 43, and a spindle head 45 provided on the movable column 43 and having a main shaft 44 movably up and down along the Y-axis rail.
And X-axis rails 41 provided on the left and right of the movable column 43,
An X-axis shielding device 46 that moves in accordance with the movement of the movable column 43 along the 41 and shields a space generated on the side of the movable column 43, and according to the movement of the spindle head 45 provided above and below the spindle head 45 and along the Y-axis rail. The main component is a Y-axis shielding device 47 that shields the space generated above and below the spindle head 45 by moving.

The spindle 44 is moved to a predetermined position by the left and right movement of the movable column 43 with respect to the rear base 42 and the vertical movement of the spindle head 45 with respect to the movable column 43, and processes the workpiece W on the pallet 48.

[0004] The pallet 48 is a Z of the front base 49.
The workpiece W is placed on a table 51 guided by the shaft rails 50 and fed, and the workpiece W is set at a processing position. The shielding devices 46 and 47 are formed by connecting a large number of flat plates 52 made of metal or the like so as to be able to expand and contract by links or the like. X-axis shielding device 46
The outermost flat plate 52 is fixed to a splash guard 53 covering the entire machine.

[0005]

However , the shielding device 4
The structure of 6,47 is complicated and costly.
A storage space for a large number of flat plates 52 is necessary,
As the size of the machine increases, moving parts such as the flat plate 52
The mass of the product is large, so the reliability of high-speed operation is poor.
There is a problem .

[0006] The present invention, an object of the present invention is to provide a simple machine tools of the structure that can <br/> in to send a saddle at a high speed.

[0007]

To achieve the above object of the Invention The present invention comprises a fixed column having the X-axis rail, Y
A saddle provided on the fixed column so as to be movable left and right along the X-axis rail,
Along the X-axis moving unit that moves along the axis rails, and the spindle head provided on move freely above the saddle vertically along the Y-axis rail comprises a main shaft, a main shaft head in the Y-axis rail A Y-axis moving device to be moved, and moving in accordance with the movement of the saddle along the X-axis rail provided on the left and right sides of the saddle.
A machine tool comprising an X-axis shielding device for shielding a space formed on the left and right of the saddle, wherein the X-axis shielding device is
One end on each of the left and right sides of the dollar
A pair of left and right shielding sheets and both sides of the front of the fixed column
Each shielding sheet is installed almost vertically on the fixed column.
A pair of left and right guide rollers for guiding to the side,
Connect the other ends of the shielding sheets to each other in a ring shape to tighten the shielding sheets.
The rope kept in tension and a guide pulley for guiding the rope
The configuration was provided .

[0008] In the above machine tool, it is preferable that a turnbuckle is provided on the rope. Also, replace the shielding sheet
Non-combustible flexible sheets such as teal sheets and plastic sheets
Is desirable. Make the cable a wire or belt
Can be

[0009]

The spindle is set at a predetermined machining position by the lateral movement of the saddle relative to the fixed column and the vertical movement of the spindle head relative to the saddle. The X-axis shielding device is a large shielding sheet.
No storage space is required, lightweight and high-speed saddle transmission
Follow exactly Turnbuckle on cable
This makes it easier to stretch the cable without slack.

[0010]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a fixed column. The fixed column 1 is a portal type and is fixed on a base 2 with bolts 3. The fixed column 1 has X-axis rails 4 and 4 at the upper and lower portions of the front surface. The X-axis rails 4, 4 are horizontal.

The fixed column 1 is provided with an elongated saddle 5 having a hollow shape so as to be movable left and right along X-axis rails 4 and 4. The saddle 5 is a pair of left and right Y-axis rails 6,6.
And an X-axis ball nut 7. The ball nut 7 is X
It is screwed to an X-axis ball screw 9 rotated by a shaft drive motor (servo motor) 8. The Y-axis rails 6 and 6 are vertical, and the X-axis ball screw 9 is parallel to the X-axis rail 4. The X-axis drive motor 8, the X-axis ball screw 9 and the X-axis ball nut 7 constitute an X-axis moving device 10 for moving the saddle 5 along the X-axis rails 4, 4.

A spindle head 12 is provided on the saddle 5 so as to be vertically movable along the Y-axis rails 6 and 6. The spindle head 12 has a spindle 13 and a Y-axis ball nut 14. The ball nut 14 is a Y-axis ball screw 1 rotated by a Y-axis drive motor (servo motor) 15.
6 is screwed. The Y-axis ball screw 16 is vertical, and the main shaft 13 projects horizontally in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis. The Y-axis drive motor 15, the Y-axis ball screw 16 and the Y-axis ball nut 14 are provided with a Y-axis moving device 17 for moving the spindle head 12 along the Y-axis rails 6, 6.
Is composed. The spindle 13 is rotated by a drive motor (not shown) provided on the back side of the spindle head 12.

Reference numerals 21 and 22 are shielding sheets.
One end of one shielding sheet 21 is attached to the left side of the saddle 5, and one end of the other shielding sheet 22 is attached to the right side of the saddle 5. As the shielding sheets 21 and 22, non-combustible and sufficiently flexible steel sheets or plastic sheets are used. Shielding sheets 21 and 22
Moves in accordance with the movement of the saddle 5 along the X-axis rails 4, 4 to shield the space between the pair of upper and lower X-axis rails 4, 4.

Guide rollers 2 are provided on both front sides of the fixed column 1.
3, 23 are provided vertically. The guide roller 23 is
Bearings 24, 2 provided on fixed column 1 and base 2
5 is rotatably supported in the circumferential direction, and guides the shielding sheets 21 and 22 to the side surface of the fixed column 1.

The other ends of the shielding sheets 21 and 22 are connected to both ends of three upper and lower ropes 26 such as wires and belts. Each cable 26 is wound around a grooved guide pulley 28 attached to a bracket 27. Each cord 26 is provided with a turnbuckle 29. The turnbuckle 29 is composed of a left-handed screw rod 29a and a right-handed screw rod 29.
b is screwed into the central nut member 29c, and the tension of the rope 26 can be adjusted by rotating the nut member 29c.

The saddle 5, the shielding sheets 21, 22 and the cable 26 are connected in an annular shape (endless) in plan view. Therefore, when the saddle 5 moves to the left in FIG. 1, the left shielding sheet 21 is pulled by the rope 26 and keeps tension, and when the saddle 5 moves to the right, the right shielding sheet 22 moves to the rope 26. Maintain tension by being towed.
The cable 26 constitutes a traction means, and the shielding sheets 21 and 22, the guide rollers 23 and 23, the cable 26 and the guide pulley 28 constitute an X-axis shielding device 30.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a Y-axis shielding device. Y
The shaft shielding device 32 is formed by linking a large number of flat plates 33 made of metal or the like with a link or the like so as to be stretchable by folding, and moves along the vertical direction of the spindle head 12 along the Y-axis rails 6 and 6 to move the upper portion of the spindle head 12. This shields a space generated below and is well known.

Next, the operation of the machine tool according to the present invention having the above configuration will be described. When the X-axis drive motor 8 is operated, the saddle 5 moves left or right according to the rotation direction of the X-axis ball screw 9. At this time, as described above, when the saddle 5 moves to the left, the shielding sheet 21 is pulled by the rope 26, and when the saddle 5 moves to the right, the shielding sheet 22 is pulled by the rope 26. As a result, in both cases, the two shielding sheets 21 and 22 maintain a tensioned state without relaxing, and shield the space formed on the left and right sides of the saddle 5.

When the Y-axis drive motor 15 is operated, the spindle head 12 moves upward or downward according to the rotation direction of the Y-axis ball screw 16. In this case, the Y-axis shielding device 32 works to shield a space formed above and below the spindle head 12.

In the machine tool having the above configuration, the structure of the X-axis shielding device 30 is simple, which is advantageous in terms of cost. In addition, since the pair of upper and lower X-axis rails 4 and 4 receive the thrust force applied to the main shaft 13 during machining of the workpiece, the saddle 5 does not fall backward, and the depth dimension of the saddle 5 can be reduced. Since no special storage space for the shielding sheets 21 and 22 is required, the size of the machine can be reduced.

Further, since the shielding sheets 21 and 22 are lightweight and the saddle 5 can be made thin and lightweight as described above, the saddle 5 can be fed at high speed to improve productivity.

Further, the drive motor provided on the spindle head 12 for rotating the spindle 13 is exposed to a wide space of the fixed column 1 and dissipates heat without trapping it in a narrow space. The displacement can be kept small.
Moreover, the thermal displacement only spreads on the vertical planes of the X-axis rails 4 and 4 and the vertical planes of the Y-axis rails 6 and 6 adjacent in parallel to the vertical planes, so that the influence on the processing is small and simple. .

In the illustrated embodiment, the rope 26 is used as the pulling means. However, a structure in which the shielding sheets 21 and 22 are pulled by a spring, a weight, a cylinder, or the like to prevent loosening may be used. The number of lines 26 used may be two or less, or four or more. Further, the structure of the Y-axis shielding device 32 may be any other structure, but may be arbitrary.
The structure of the shaft shielding device 30 may be adopted.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, a machine tool of the present invention includes a fixed column having the X-axis rail, to movably the fixed column to the left and right along the X-axis rail includes a Y-axis rail a saddle provided, the spindle head provided with said saddles and X-axis moving unit that moves along the X-axis rail, to move freely above the saddle vertically along the Y-axis rail comprising a main shaft, Y for moving the spindle head along the Y-axis rail
An axis moving device, which is provided on both left and right sides of the saddle and moves in accordance with the movement of the saddle along the X-axis rail, and
Engineering provided with the X-axis shielding device for shielding the space for the right
In the working machine, the X-axis shielding device is located on the left side of the saddle.
And the right and left sides individually attached at one end to the right side
Pair of shielding sheets and almost vertically on both sides of the front of the fixed column
Guide the above shielding sheets to the side of the fixed column
Other than the pair of left and right guide rollers and the pair of shielding sheets.
The ends are connected annularly to keep the shielding sheet in tension
Since it is configured to include a cable and a guide pulley for guiding the cable, the structure of the X-axis shielding device is simplified,
It can be lighter and requires more storage space for shielding sheets.
Not required, so costs can be reduced and saddle feeding
Can be made faster, and the whole can be made smaller.

[0025] With the data Nbakkuru, on which it is easy to put not loose the rope, the operation of the X-axis shielding apparatus can smoothly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing an embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of a machine main body in which an X-axis shielding device and a Y-axis shielding device are removed from the machine tool of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an external view of a conventional machine tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixed column 4 X-axis rail 5 Saddle 6 Y-axis rail 10 X-axis moving device 12 Spindle head 13 Main shaft 17 Y-axis moving device 21 Shielding sheet 22 Shielding sheet 23 Guide roller 26 String (traction means) 28 Guide pulley 29 Turnbuckle 30 X-axis shielding device 32 Y-axis shielding device

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A and fixed column having the X-axis rail, and the saddle provided movably the fixed column to the left and right along the X-axis rail includes a Y-axis rail, the saddle in the X-axis rail and X-axis moving unit that moves along a spindle head provided vertically along the Y-axis rail comprises a main shaft to move freely above the saddle, Y for moving the main shaft head along the Y-axis rail a shaft moving device, the moving according to the movement of the saddle along the X-axis rails provided at both right and left sides of the saddle
A machine tool comprising an X-axis shielding device for shielding a space formed on the left and right sides of the saddle, wherein the X-axis shielding device has one end on the left side and the right side of the saddle.
A pair of left and right shielding sheets individually attached to each
And the above shields are provided almost vertically on both sides of the front of the fixed column.
A pair of left and right guideways that guide the seat to the side of the fixed column
Roller and the other end of the pair of shielding sheets are connected to each other in a ring shape to shield each other.
A machine tool comprising: a rope that keeps a shielding sheet in a tension state; and a guide pulley that guides the rope . 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a turnbuckle is provided on the cable. 3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the shielding sheet is a steel sheet or a plastic sheet.
And a non-combustible flexible sheet . 4. A machine tool according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the machine tool rope is characterized in that it is a wire or belt.