JP2875009B2 - Synchronizer ring made of copper alloy - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a synchronizer ring used for a transmission synchronizing device.

[Conventional technology]

In a vehicle transmission, a synchronizer ring is interposed between the transmission gear and the clutch hub sleeve,
Prior to the start of engagement between the clutch hub sleeve and the spline of the transmission gear, a mechanism for synchronizing the peripheral velocities of the two with their synchronizer rings is employed.

Referring to FIG. 1, a general synchronizer ring will be described. Key grooves 7 in which the shifting keys 5 are fitted are provided at equal intervals on a low step surface 3 on the outer peripheral surface, and teeth 9 are arranged in a high step surface 4. ing. The clutch hub sleeve and the synchronizer ring are slidably connected in the axial direction via the shifting key 5, and the center projection 5a of the shifting key is pressed by the groove on the inner periphery of the clutch hub sleeve to shift the clutch hub sleeve. When the key pokes the synchronizer ring in the key groove 7 (operation in which pressing and sliding wear occur simultaneously), an axial pressing force is transmitted, and the tapered portion on the inner surface of the synchronizer ring comes into contact with the tapered portion of the transmission gear. The speed becomes constant by the clutch action, and the clutch hub sleeve and the transmission gear are finally synchronized.

Conventionally, this synchronizer ring has been mainly made of an iron-based alloy or a copper alloy.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Synchronizer rings made of only iron-based materials generally have higher strength than non-ferrous materials. However, since it is easy to seize with the counterpart material (iron-based material), it is not possible to take a high pressing pressure. For example, there is a limit to the pressing pressure of the screw part on the inner circumference, and the hot forgeability is poor and complicated. There is a drawback that a simple shape is not suitable for mass production.

For this reason, synchronizer rings made of iron-based materials are mainly used for transmissions that need to transmit large power, and in such cases, except for transmissions that are extremely low-speed, such as tractors, the inner peripheral screw is used. The surface is formed by spraying expensive molybdenum to prevent seizure, or by paper lining or resin injection.

On the other hand, a synchronizer ring made of only a copper alloy material has good seizure resistance with a counterpart material and is inferior in strength to an iron-based material, but is satisfactory, and has good hot forging properties, and has a good synchronizer ring. It is suitable for manufacturing products with complicated shapes such as

However, since the rigidity is lower than that of the iron-based material, in the key groove portion requiring rigidity, particularly in a synchronizer ring that transmits a large power, depression occurs due to a sliding phenomenon caused by pressing and sliding by the shifting key. If such a depression occurs in the key groove of the synchronizer ring, the movement of the synchronizer ring becomes not smooth, which adversely affects the shift feeling at the time of gear change, and in the worst case, gear noise may occur.

Since the rigidity of the synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy material does not greatly differ irrespective of the material, the occurrence of a depression cannot be prevented.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a copper alloy synchronizer ring that can prevent a depression in a key groove portion due to a set phenomenon.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a rigidity at a portion of the inner surface of the key groove of the synchronizer ring such that at least a portion which is strongly pressed and worn by the shifting key becomes a ferrous material surface. A synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy was constructed by compounding the iron-based material.

[Action]

According to the above configuration, even if the inner surface of the key groove is strongly pressed by the shifting key, the portion is made of a rigid iron-based material. The noise can be prevented, the synchronizer ring moves smoothly, and the shift feeling is improved.

As a method of compounding an iron-based material into the key groove of the synchronizer ring, a key groove part of a die used when hot forging (or cold forging) a synchronizer ring material made of a copper alloy is used. An iron-based material is fixed by some method and forged together with a copper alloy material. At this time, the copper alloy material is preheated, and if necessary, the iron-based material is also preheated.

In addition, as a method of manufacturing an iron-based material to be composited, there are a powder metallurgy method using a powder material, a plastic working method of forging or bending a material, and a cutting method of shaving from a material. Or a combination thereof.

The iron-based material which is a composite material is basically higher than the Young's modulus of the copper alloy material and need only be not worn.

Regarding the thickness of the iron-based material, if it is too thick, the strength of the copper alloy material will be reduced, and if it is too thin, the effect of preventing the set phenomenon cannot be expected. From this point, although it depends on the size of the synchronizer ring, a thickness of about 0.2 to 2 mm is desirable.

〔Example〕

 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the synchronizer ring made of copper alloy has the same shape as that of the conventional synchronizer ring, and has a step 1 at the center of the outer peripheral surface, and a low step surface at the clutch hub sleeve side. 3, the transmission gear side is a high step surface 4
The lower step surface 3 is provided with key grooves 7 in which the shifting key 5 is fitted at regular intervals, the high step surface 4 is provided with teeth 9 arranged in rows, and the inner peripheral surface is formed with a screw 6. . Since the screw surface is made of a copper alloy material, seizing of the surface is prevented.

Unlike the conventional synchronizer ring, as shown in FIG. 2, an iron-based material 10 is compounded in the key groove 7 (the portion is represented by a satin pattern), and the back end face 10a of the key groove 7 and the Surface 10b (position of step 1) and both side surfaces 10c, 10c excluding the lower end are formed as iron-based material surfaces.

 Next, a manufacturing method will be described.

Synchronizer ring material 15 used for hot forging
Is a metallurgical product with an outer diameter of 72mm, an inner diameter of 60mm, and a thickness of 13mm (CSM3, P31B …… the composition etc. will be described in detail later). The powder extruded material obtained by mixing the material into a billet and then forming it into a pipe shape by hot extrusion is cut into a slice.

Alternatively, it can be formed as a powder sintered material or a powder forged material by another powder metallurgy technique. Such a powder metallurgy technique is very convenient because the mixing ratio of the reinforcing particles can be arbitrarily selected and uniformly mixed with the matrix powder, so that a desired material can be obtained.

As the reinforcing particles, fine powders of silicon carbide, nitrogen silicon, alumina, metal silicon, and the like having a uniform particle size are selected according to the conditions of use of the synchronizer ring.

As the raw material 17 of the iron-based material 10, a rigid sintered material is used. In addition, S15C (JIS G4051) and SCM440 (JIS G4105)
And the like, and those of these heat-treated products can also be used. Then, a 1 mm-thick rolled plate made of the material is punched out and bent, so that both side surfaces 10c, 10c are provided at both ends of the base piece 19 corresponding to the rear end surface 10a of the key groove 7, as shown in FIG. Side piece 21 corresponding to
21 is formed, and a protrusion 2 corresponding to the upper piece 10b is formed at the tip of the base piece 19.
3 is provided. The width W is 12 mm, the height H of the base piece 19 is 3 mm,
The length L of the side piece 21 is 4.5 mm.

As for hot die forging, first, as shown in FIG.
A ferrous material 17 is provided at a predetermined location of the lower mold 25 where the keyway 7 is formed.
Then, the synchronizer ring material 15 which has been preheated at a temperature of 800 ° C. is placed on the top as shown in FIG. 6, and the upper mold 24 is pressed from above.

The table shows the results of the 100,000 tests performed by the bench test.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the synchronizer ring made of the copper alloy of the present invention, at least the portion of the inner surface of the key groove of the synchronizer ring that is strongly beaten with the shifting key is the iron-based material surface. As a result, a rigid iron-based material is compounded at that point, preventing the occurrence of dents due to the settling phenomenon when hit with a shifting key in the key groove, minimizing the occurrence of gear noise The shiftability is good, and in recent years, in addition to the performance improvement of the synchronizer ring, the shift feeling is required to be improved, but there is an excellent effect that the demand can be effectively satisfied. .

In addition, it has the advantages of not losing any characteristics as a synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy, having good seizure resistance with a counterpart material, and having good hot forgeability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a synchronizer ring, FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a main part, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the synchronizer ring material, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the iron-based material, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views showing the procedure of the manufacturing method. 5: Shifting key, 7: Keyway 10: Iron-based material, 10a, 10b, 10c: Iron-based material

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Kunihiro Urashiro, 1 Nishi-Ashihara, Tateyama-machi, Taniyama-cho, Toyama Pref. No. 1 Nishi-Ashihara 1 Chuetsu Alloy Casting Co., Ltd. (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16D 11/00-23/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An iron-based material having rigidity is compounded in such a manner that at least a portion of the inner surface of the key groove of the synchronizer ring which is strongly pressed and worn by the shifting key becomes an iron-based material surface. A synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy, characterized in that: