JP2727411B2 - Separator centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a separator centrifuge.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an adjusting plate type centrifugal separator has been used for cleaning lubricating oil, fuel oil and the like containing solid matter and moisture. An annular outlet weir (hereinafter referred to as a control plate) is provided at the outlet of the heavy liquid passage so that the interface with the oil (hereinafter referred to as the light liquid) is stably maintained at a predetermined radius of the separation plate.

However, this type of centrifuge has
When the specific gravity of the treated oil (hereinafter referred to as “stock solution”) changes, the adjusting plate is adjusted to an optimal diameter so that it can be positioned on a predetermined radius in accordance with the fluctuation of the heavy liquid-light liquid interface. Handling is cumbersome because it must be changed. Accordingly, the present applicant has previously proposed a method of controlling the discharge of the heavy liquid by detecting the moisture in the light liquid discharged from the centrifuge as an alternative to the adjusting plate method in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-78451. Suggested.

[0004] That is, when a capacitance type moisture detector is provided in a light liquid discharge pipe and a predetermined amount or more of water is separated and deposited in a separation chamber in a rotary drum, the carryover of water to the light liquid side occurs. When the moisture detector detects moisture in the light liquid, the main valve for discharging sludge of the rotating drum (hereinafter referred to as the main valve) is opened and closed via the controller to discharge accumulated moisture to the outside. How to

[0005]

However, since the capacitance type moisture detector is expensive and requires maintenance work, there is a need for the development of a relatively low-cost and easy-to-maintain moisture detection means. Have been. The present invention has been proposed in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a relatively low-cost economical separator-type centrifuge that is easy to maintain and has high separation performance.

[0006]

For this purpose, an apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises: a main valve for discharging sludge provided in a rotary drum; a light liquid impeller provided in a light liquid discharge passage; In a separator centrifuge having a heavy liquid impeller provided in a discharge channel, a pressure detector attached to the heavy liquid impeller having an outlet end closed and detecting an internal pressure of the heavy liquid impeller; and A controller for opening and closing the control valve for the main valve opening / closing hydraulic water in response to the output of the detector, and having a heavy liquid impeller diameter larger than a light liquid free surface diameter.

[0007]

The operation of the centrifugal separator of the present invention, in particular, the progress of separation of heavy and light liquid components in the rotary drum will be described with reference to FIG. 2 which is a principle diagram of the present invention. (1) As shown in FIG. 1A, the introduction of a stock solution is started. (2) Since the light liquid flows out of the light liquid impeller and the heavy liquid impeller outlet is closed in the heavy liquid flow path,
Light liquid stays. (3) heavy liquid is deposited on the inner surface of the slowly rotating cylinder, the heavy and light liquid interface D ₂ reaches tip D ₁ of the partition plate. (4) such that the heavy and light liquid interface D ₂ shown in FIG. (B), reaches the inner diameter side from the tip end D ₁ of the partition plate, such as the heavy liquid flow path is illustrated in dotted lines, heavy liquid The interface between the liquid and the light liquid is the partition plate diameter D ₁
It is formed slightly closer to the inner diameter.

(5) As the amount of heavy liquid accumulated in the rotating drum gradually increases, the free surface of the light liquid in the heavy liquid flow path moves toward the inner diameter side, and as shown in FIG. -A level difference δ is generated between the light liquid level in the rotary drum and the specific gravity difference of the light liquid. (6) Due to this level difference δ and the following reason, the internal pressure of the heavy liquid impeller suddenly increases, and this is detected by a pressure detector, and it is detected that heavy liquid has accumulated in the rotary drum. Opens and discharges the accumulated heavy liquid to the outside through the discharge hole. (7) Continue the operation and return to (1).

In the state shown in FIG. 2A, assuming that the impeller diameter in the heavy liquid chamber is D ₃ and the free surface diameter of the light liquid is D ₄ , the pressure P ₃₄ at the outer end of the impeller is as follows: 1) It is expressed by the formula. ^{_{P 34 = (γω 2 / 8g}} ) (D 3 2 -D 4 2) (kg / cm 2) ··· (1) as shown in the free surface diameter D ₄ is the drawing (B), becomes the D ₅ , the pressure P ₃₅ is represented by the following equation (2). ^{_{P 35 = (γω 2 / 8g}} ) (D 3 2 -D 5 2) (kg / cm 2) ··· (2) where, gamma is the specific gravity of the light liquid, omega is the angular velocity of the rotating body. (Saburo Kamei, Chemical Machine Theory and Calculations, Industrial Books, P42
7,1970)

As described above, the amount of the separated heavy liquid gradually increases with the progress of the undiluted liquid treatment, and D ₂ moves inward in the radial direction. When D ₂ <D ₁ , the light liquid above the partition plate is removed. Moving in the inward radial direction, δ is generated, and D ₅ <D ₄ , P ₃₅ > P _{34 according to the} above equation, and this is detected by measuring the pressure in the impeller closed at the upper end. Can be.

[0011] The heavy liquid impeller diameter _{D 3} from above, level
Although in order to detect the Le difference δ should be larger than the free surface diameter D ₀ of the light liquid, heavy liquid Ji when the diameter of D ₃ is too large
Resistance of light liquid to heavy liquid impeller in jumper
Motor body that rotates the rotating body
Care must be taken because the power is increased . Also by the equation so that the heavy and light liquid boundary surface diameter D ₂ becomes a suitable position between the outer diameter and the partition plate diameter D ₁ of the separating plate 4, the heavy liquid Chanpa <br/> light liquid free surface diameter D ₅ is obtained, the heavy-light liquid interface diameter D ₂
It can be seen that the vehicle can be operated while maintaining a suitable position.

[0012]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1
Is a rotating body which rotates at high speed around a vertical axis by a driving means (not shown), and a rotating body lid 2 is fitted on the upper part thereof by a tightening ring. 3 is a light liquid chamber attached to the upper part of the rotating body lid 2, 4 is a plurality of frusto-conical separation plates laminated around the guide cylinder 6 with an appropriate clearance, and 5 is a lower part of the inner periphery of the rotating drum 1. A main valve 7 slidably inserted in the vertical direction, a plurality of sub-valves 7 provided on the outer periphery of the rotary drum 1 so as to be slidable in the radial direction, and a valve 25 provided below each sub-valve 7 and opened A drain hole 8 for discharging the working water out of the machine is a light liquid impeller 8 horizontally inserted into the light liquid chamber 3, and is at a stationary position irrespective of the integral high-speed rotation of the rotating body 1 and the rotating body lid 2. Mounted on

Reference numeral 9 denotes a stock solution supply pipe inserted in the axial direction through an upper end opening of the rotating body lid 2; 10 denotes a plurality of sludge discharge holes formed in the outer periphery of the rotating drum 1 at appropriate intervals in a radial direction;
Reference numeral 15 denotes a controller that controls the valve-opening working water control valve 23 based on the detection value of the pressure detector 14 that detects the internal pressure of the upper chamber of the heavy liquid impeller. Reference numeral 20 denotes a heavy liquid chamber which is attached to the upper part of the light liquid chamber 3 and communicates with the heavy liquid flow path 18 and into which a heavy liquid impeller 19 is horizontally inserted.

In such an apparatus, after the centrifugal separator reaches a constant speed, the undiluted solution is supplied from the undiluted solution supply pipe 9 to the guide cylinder 6.
And the undiluted solution is centrifuged on the separation plate 4,
The solid content, heavy liquid, and light liquid are formed in the separation chamber 16 in the radial direction inward from the outer diameter side due to the specific gravity difference.

The heavy liquid gradually accumulates in the separation chamber 16 in the rotating drum, and its heavy / light liquid interface diameter D ₂ is equal to the diameter D of the partition plate 17.
_As it moves inward in the radial direction beyond ₁ , the light liquid in the heavy liquid flow path 18 enters the heavy liquid chamber 20, and the upper pressure of the heavy liquid impeller 19 whose upper end is closed rises.

By the way, in FIG. 2A, the rotational speed N
= 9500 rpm (ω = 995), γ = 900 × 10 ^-6 kg
/ Cm ³ , D ₃ = 12 cm, D ₄ = 9 cm, equation (1)
As a result, P ₃₄ = 7.15 kg / cm ² , and as shown in FIG.
if D ₅ = 8.5 cm as mm, by the equation _{(2), P 35 = 8.14kg} / cm 2 because _{made, Δp = P 35 -P 34 =} 1kg / cm 2 , and the well in conventional pressure detector Can be detected.

Therefore, the pressure detector 14 detects the impeller upper pressure, and when the pressure reaches a set value, sends an output signal to the controller 15, and the controller 15 opens the control valve 23 and supplies the valve-opening operating water to the auxiliary. Introduce to valve 7. As a result, the sub-valve 7 slides inward in the radial direction, and the working water in the main valve water chamber 11 is supplied to the sub-valve 7.
The main valve 5 is opened by the internal pressure of the separation chamber 16, and the solids and heavy liquid in the rotary drum 1 are discharged to the outside through the discharge holes 10. By the action of the timer after the discharge, the supply of the valve-opening operation water is stopped, the operation water in the sub-valve 7 is all discharged from the drain hole 25, and the sub-valve 7 slides outward and closes radially by centrifugal force. At the same time, since the valve-closing operating water is always supplied to the main valve water chamber 11, the main valve 5 is pushed up by the water pressure and comes into contact with the packing mounted on the lower end of the rotating body lid 2, and the discharge hole 10 is closed. The discharge of heavy liquid in the rotating drum stops.

Here, the pressure detector 14 may be a conventional one, for example, an arc tube having an oval cross section.
A Bourdon type or the like which detects that the tube is deformed when an internal pressure is applied is particularly suitable. As shown in FIG. 1, the light liquid flowing out of the light liquid impeller 8 directly flows into a service tank or a sump tank (not shown).

In the above embodiment, instead of the pressure detector, about 0.1 kg / cm ² of air depressurized by a pressure reducing valve is blown to the light liquid surface of the heavy liquid chamber by a nozzle, and a pressure switch is applied to the nozzle. Means for attaching a key may be employed. Then, when the light liquid free liquid level moves inward in the radial direction and reaches the nozzle tip, the outflow of the decompressed air is prevented by the liquid level, so that the pressure slightly increases. Therefore, by detecting this pressure rise with a pressure gauge, the accumulation of heavy liquid can be detected.

[0020]

According to the present invention having the above-described structure and operation, instead of using an expensive capacitance-type moisture detector, a relatively low-priced device is used to accumulate in a separator centrifuge. Since the interface of the heavy liquid is detected, the centrifuge can be operated efficiently, and the effect of keeping the quality of the separated and purified light liquid (oil) constant can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a principle view of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1; rotating body, 2; rotating body lid, 3; light liquid chamber, 4;
Separating plate, 5; main valve, 6; guide cylinder, 7; sub-valve, 8; light liquid impeller, 9; raw liquid supply pipe, 10; discharge hole, 11; main valve water chamber, 13; light liquid flow path, 14 A pressure detector, 15; a controller, 16; a separation chamber, 17; a partition plate, 18;
9; heavy liquid impeller, 20; heavy liquid chamber, 22; heavy liquid chamber, 23; control valve, 25; drain hole, D ₀ : light liquid free surface diameter, D ₁ : partition plate diameter, D ₂ : boundary surface diameter , D ₃ : heavy liquid impeller diameter, D ₄ , D ₅ : light liquid free surface diameter in heavy liquid chamber.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A separation plate having a main valve for discharging sludge provided in a rotary drum, a light liquid impeller provided in a light liquid discharge channel, and a heavy liquid impeller provided in a heavy liquid discharge channel. In a centrifugal separator, a pressure detector attached to the heavy liquid impeller whose outlet end is closed and detecting the internal pressure of the heavy liquid impeller, and a hydraulic valve for opening and closing the main valve in response to the output of the pressure detector A separation plate type centrifuge comprising a controller for opening and closing a control valve and having a heavy liquid impeller diameter larger than a light liquid free surface diameter.