JP2712132B2 - Fish culture water filter - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a method for cultivating or breeding fish, which is carried out by using nitrogen in fish excreta (feces, ammonia, urea, uric acid) and food residues in breeding water. The present invention relates to a filtration device for effectively decomposing a compound and recycling breeding water.

(Prior art) Conventionally, regarding the technique of circulating and utilizing fish breeding water, a gravity type filtration device and a pressure type filtration device, or those provided with a simple pretreatment facility, or a combination thereof are used. was there.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) The above-described conventional technology has revealed the following problems.

Because the filtration tank is clogged with suspended matters such as residues and feces, backwashing of the filtration tank is required periodically. The backwash water contains nitrogen compounds. Wastewater treatment equipment was required.

If a large amount of food residue or feces flows into the filtration tank, bacteria in the filtration tank abnormally grow and consume a large amount of dissolved oxygen.
In addition, changing the filtration tank from aerobic to anaerobic can cause harmful generation of methane gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like.

When treating seawater with a gravity filtration tank, no matter how deep the filtration tank is, beneficial bacteria such as nitromonas and nitrobacter that work on the treatment of nitrogen compounds in the breeding water only propagate on the surface layer. There was no effect of the treatment, and in the case of the gravity filtration tank, a large area was eventually required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, that is, a method of microbiologically treating nitrogen compounds (ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, etc.) that fish release as excrement during breeding. Aerobic bacteria, such as Nitromonas and Nitrobacter, which are effective in treating nitrogen compounds, are effectively propagated over a wide range of species and treated effectively with breeding water. It is intended to reduce clogging of the filtration unit with suspended matter in the water by being placed in front of the filtration unit, and to reduce the size of the device by integrally configuring these elements in the filtration tank. is there.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, firstly, the upper wall is constituted by a porous wall and the microorganism propagation promoter is multi-staged in a biocontainer provided with an overflow pipe. The bio-container is disposed at the upper part of the filter tank, the watering part is disposed above the bio-container, and the pH control part and the sand filter part are disposed at the lower part of the filter tank. Suggest.

Further, the present invention proposes that, in the above configuration, the biocontainers are arranged in a plurality of stages in the upper part in the filtration tank, and the sprinkling section is arranged between the biocontainer stages.

Next, in the present invention, a bio-container in which a microorganism growth promoting body is stored in multiple stages is arranged in a breeding chamber formed on one side of the filtration tank, and a pH adjusting unit and a sand filtering unit are arranged adjacent to the breeding room in the lateral direction. We propose a filtration device for fish breeding water in which is disposed.

And in this invention, in the above structure, it is proposed that the microorganism growth promoting body is one in which a number of annular filaments made of polyvinylidene chloride are arranged in the length direction.

(Function) In the breeding water of fish, nitrogen compounds in suspended matter in water are first efficiently decomposed by aerobic bacteria that are effectively breeding in a bio-container in which microbial growth promoters are stored in multiple stages. .

The breeding water is then pH-adjusted in a pH adjusting section, and in a sand filtration section, a physical treatment called filtration,
Decomposition treatment of nitrogen compounds by biological treatment with bacteria is performed.

Since the breeding water, which has been subjected to the nitrogen compound decomposition treatment as a pretreatment in the bio-container, is supplied to the pH control unit and the sand filtration unit in this way, the pH control unit and the sand filtration unit are clogged with suspended matter in the water. Decrease.

(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), reference numeral 1 denotes a biocontainer. The biocontainer 1 has an upper wall formed of a porous wall 2 and an overflow pipe 3 provided. Reference numeral 4 denotes a microorganism propagation promoter, and the microorganism propagation promoter 4 is stored in the biocontainer 1 in multiple stages to form a propagation part. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), a large number of annular bodies 8 made of polyvinylidene chloride are arranged in the length direction to form a thick string. The thick strings are arranged in the lateral direction and stored in the biocontainer 1 in a multi-stage manner as described above.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 5 denotes a filtration tank, on which the biocontainer 1 is disposed. In this embodiment, the biocontainers 1 are arranged in two upper and lower stages, and each biocontainer 1
A straightening plate 15 is arranged above. The flow straightening plate 15 is formed of a plate or the like having a large number of holes, and constitutes a water sprinkling section for dispersing breeding water dropped from above and spraying water downward. A breeding water introduction pipe 14 is disposed above the straightening plate 15 above the upper biocontainer 15.

In the filtration tank 5, a pH adjusting section 6 is disposed below the lower biocontainer 1, and a sand filtering section 7 is disposed below the pH adjusting section 6. The pH adjusting section 6 is a normal one made of a filter medium such as coral, oyster or ceramics, and has a filter 18 disposed at an upper portion thereof. In addition, between the lower biocontainer 1 and the pH controller 6, a rectifying plate 15 constituting a sprinkler is disposed.

On the other hand, at the lower part of the filtration tank 5, adjacent to the side of the sand filtration unit 7, an aeration unit 19 containing an aeration unit 16 connected to the blower 20 is arranged. 7 are communicated with each other via an interval below the bottom. Further, adjacent to the side of the aeration unit 19, a derivation unit 23 for deriving breeding water is configured, and the derivation unit 23 and the aeration unit 19 communicate with each other by overflow through the upper end of the partition plate. ing.

In the filtration tank 5, a ventilation fan 25 is arranged on the ceiling side, and a ventilation hole 17 is formed in a side wall corresponding to a space between the sand filtration unit 7 and the pH adjustment unit 6.

FIG. 6 shows a circulating system of fish breeding water 9 included in the above-described filtration device. Reference numeral 12 denotes a breeding aquarium, and the breeding water 9 introduced from the breeding aquarium 12 to the upper part of the filtration tub 5 through the introduction pipe 14 by the circulation pump 13 is processed through the above-described parts of the filtration tub 5, It is led out from the lower part and returns to the breeding aquarium 12. Therefore, the flow of the breeding water 9 in the filtration tank 5 will be described first with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 4, the breeding water 9 introduced from the breeding aquarium 12 is sprinkled on the rectifying plate 15 by the introduction pipe 14, and this rectifying plate
By 15, water is evenly sprayed on the upper biocontainer 1. The breeding water 9 sprinkled on the bio-container 1 falls while wetting the microbial growth promoter 2 stored in multiple stages, and accumulates in the pool surrounded by the lower wall.

As the breeding water 9 gradually accumulates in the lower portion of the bio-container 1 and exceeds the water level of the overflow pipe 3, the breeding water 9 overflows the bio-container 1 and falls onto the lower rectifying water plate 15 through the overflow pipe 3. Then, the water is evenly sprayed onto the lower biocontainer 1 by the current plate 15.

In the lower bio container 1, the upper bio container 1
The breeding water 9 accumulates through the same process as described above, and falls onto the straightening plate 15 above the pH control unit 6 via the overflow pipe 3.

The breeding water 9 that has fallen on the current plate 15 is evenly sprayed on the filter 18, passes through a layer of a filter medium such as coral, oyster or ceramics, and then falls onto the sand filtration unit 7. The breeding water 9 that has reached the sand filtration unit 7 in this way passes through the sand filtration unit 7, and is led out through the aeration unit 19 and the lead-out unit 20.

Next, the processing that the breeding water receives in the above flow will be described.

First, the space inside the filtration tank 5 is vented by a ventilation fan 25.
The breeding water 9 introduced into the biocontainer 1 from the introduction pipe 14 as described above is maintained at the fresh air environment by the air flowing from the air 17 and the air flowing from the diffuser 16. Oxygen is supplied by contact with fresh air. In addition, since such air circulation is performed, the filtration tank 5 has a configuration in which air is vertically circulated in appropriate places.

As described above, the biocontainer 1 has an upper wall formed of a porous wall and is maintained at a predetermined water level by the overflow pipe 3. Therefore, as shown in FIG. The breeding promoter 4 is submerged by the breeding water, but the microbial breeding promoter 4 located above is not in the submerged state, but is exposed to the air and wet by the breeding water that is sprinkled one after another, ie, watering. Maintained in state.

Therefore, the upper microbial growth promoter 4 is always maintained in a strong aerobic state, and the lower microbial growth promoter 4 is maintained in an aerobic state by the supplemental oxygen as described above, although it is weaker than the upper one. Is done.

As described above, some of the plurality of microorganism propagation promoters 4 in the biocontainer 1 are in a submerged state, while others are in a watered state exposed to the air, and the environment is not uniform. The types of bacteria that propagate are widespread, and in particular, aerobic bacteria that are effective in decomposing nitrogen compounds such as Nitromonas and Nitrobacter in the microbial growth promoter 4 exposed to the air satisfactorily propagate. In addition, when a large number of annular filaments 8 made of polyvinylidene chloride are arranged in the length direction to form a thick string as the microbial growth promoting body 4, minute suspended matter in the breeding water is quickly adhered depending on the material. At the same time, the growth of bacteria per unit volume is significantly increased. For example, in the microorganism growth promoter 4 having an outer diameter of 40 mmφ, bacteria propagated and adhered to a maximum of 80 g per 1 m. The amount of the attached breeding was almost the same as that exposed in the air and immersed in the water. Also, the types of bacteria that propagated were widespread.

As a result, excrement of fish in the breeding water 9 introduced into the biocontainer 1 and nitrogen compounds in the residue of the food are effectively decomposed by the aerobic bacteria propagated by the microorganism growth promoter 4, This portion shifts to an anaerobic state, and generation of harmful methane gas, hydrogen sulfide, and the like can be prevented.

In particular, in the present embodiment, since the biocontainer 1 is configured in two stages, upper and lower, the decomposition treatment by the above-described microorganisms is also performed in two stages, and the decomposition treatment of the breeding water 9 is performed more favorably.

The breeding water obtained by decomposing nitrogen compounds and the like in the two-stage, one-stage, or three-stage or more biocontainers 1 in this manner,
Then, in order to introduce into pH control part 6 and sand filtration part 7,
Since the clogging of the pH control unit 6 and the sand filtration unit 7 with suspended matter in the water is reduced, the time required for cleaning is increased, and the amount of nitrogen compounds contained in the cleaning water is small. It is also advantageous for regulation.

In the sand filtration unit 7, biological treatment of nitrogen compounds such as ammonia by bacteria is performed together with physical treatment of filtering suspended matter in water. The breeding water 9 that has passed through the sand filtration unit 7 enters the aeration unit 19 as described above, where oxygen is replenished by fine air particles introduced from the air diffusion unit 16 by the blower 20, and FIG. The water is returned to the breeding aquarium 12 through the outlet pipe 24 shown in FIG.

In the embodiment described above, the biocontainer 1 is placed in the filtration tank 5.
The breeding section, the pH control section 6 and the sand filtration section 7 are installed in the vertical direction to form a vertical type. The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is a horizontal type.

That is, in FIG.
This is a biocontainer constituted by a porous wall 2 'similar to the upper wall of the present invention. In this biocontainer 1', microbial growth promoters 4 arranged in a longitudinal direction are stored in multiple stages.

This biocontainer 1 'is arranged in a breeding room 10 arranged on one side of a filtration tank 5', and a rectifying plate 15 'is provided on the upper part of the breeding room 10;
Above this, a breeding water introduction pipe 14 'is arranged. The pH control unit 11 and the sand filtration unit 22 are adjacent to the breeding room 10 in the lateral direction.
The introduction of breeding water from the breeding room 10 to the pH control unit 11 is performed from the introduction unit 21 at the lower end of the partition plate, and the breeding water from the pH control unit 11 to the sand filtration unit 22 is introduced. The introduction is performed by overflow through the upper end of the partition plate. In addition, adjacent to the side of the sand filtration unit 22, an aeration unit 19 'having an aeration unit 16' connected to the blower 20 'is arranged. The aeration unit 19' is located at the bottom of the sand filtration unit 22. It communicates through the lower space. Further, adjacent to the side of the aeration unit 19 ', a derivation unit 23' for deriving breeding water is configured, and the derivation unit 23 'and the aeration unit 19' are connected via the upper end of the partition plate. Communication is caused by overflow. The filtering device having the above configuration can be used in the circulation system shown in FIG. 6 similarly to the above-described filtering device.

In the filter device having the above-mentioned structure, the microorganism growth promoting bodies 4 in the breeding room 10 are all in a flooded state, but if the breeding water 9 'is 1 m or less in depth, it is maintained in an aerobic state, and thus the microorganism growth promotion is promoted. Due to the action of the body 4, aerobic bacteria sufficiently propagate and adhere, so that nitrogen compounds in the breeding water 9 'can be satisfactorily decomposed, and the pH treatment unit 11, sand filtration unit
The processing can also be performed in 22 in the same manner as in the above-described filtration device.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention is as described above, and has the following effects.

Nitrogen compounds in fish breeding water can be efficiently decomposed by aerobic bacteria that are effectively breeding in a biocontainer in which the microorganism breeding promoters are stored in multiple stages.

The breeding part, which decomposes nitrogen compounds in the water suspended in the breeding water by aerobic bacteria, is configured on the upstream side of the pH control part and the sand filtration part. This reduces clogging, increases the time required for washing, and reduces the amount of nitrogen compounds contained in the washing water, which is advantageous for drainage regulations under the Water Pollution Control Law.

Since the breeding section, the pH control section, the sand filtration section, and the like are arranged vertically and horizontally in the filtration tank and integrally formed, the filtration device can be made very compact.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (a) is an explanatory perspective view of a biocontainer, (b) is an explanatory side view thereof, FIG. 2 (a) is an explanatory side view of a microorganism propagation promoter, and (b) is an explanatory front view thereof. Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is an explanatory view of the arrangement of the microorganism propagation promoter in the biocontainer, Fig. 4 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a filtering device to which the present invention is applied, and Fig. 5 is a filtration to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 6 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the device, and FIG. 6 is a system diagram showing a circulation system of breeding water including a filtration device. Reference numeral 1, 1 ': biocontainer, 2, 2': porous wall, 3: overflow tube, 4: microorganism growth promoter, 5, 5 ': filtration tank,
6,11… pH adjustment part, 7,22… Sand filtration part, 8… Helix thread, 9,
9 '... breeding water, 10 ... breeding room, 12 ... breeding aquarium, 13 ... circulation pump, 14,14' ... circulation pump, 15,15 '... rectifier plate, 16 ... aeration part, 17 ... vent, 18 ... Filters, 19, 19 '... aeration unit, 20, 20' ... blower, 21 ... introduction unit, 23, 23 '... outlet unit,
24 ... outlet pipe, 25 ... ventilation fan.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] The present invention provides a biocontainer having an upper wall formed of a porous wall and a multi-stage biocontainer provided with an overflow pipe. The biocontainer is disposed in an upper part of a filtration tank. A filter device for fish breeding water, wherein a water sprinkling unit is arranged above the container, and a pH adjusting unit and a sand filtering unit are arranged below the filter tank. 2. The apparatus for filtering fish breeding water according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of biocontainers are arranged in an upper portion of the inside of the filtration tank. 3. A breeding chamber formed on one side of a filtration tank, wherein a biocontainer in which a multiplicity of microbial growth promoters are stored is arranged, and a pH control unit and a sand filter are provided adjacent to the breeding chamber in a lateral direction. A filter device for fish breeding water, wherein a part is disposed. 4. The fish according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the microbial propagation promoting body is formed by arranging a number of annular filaments made of polyvinylidene chloride in the length direction. Breeding water filtration device.