JP2619922B2 - Turret head device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a turret head device used for a turret type machine tool.

(Prior Art) Generally, in this type of turret type machine tool, a turret head holding a plurality of tools, for example, in a radial manner is rotatably supported with respect to the head main body, and after completion of the indexing, the turret head is moved to the head main body. And the gears of the indexed tool spindle and the gears of the head main body are engaged with each other so that the tool spindle can be driven to rotate.

In the conventional structure, the rotation of the tool spindle and the indexing rotation of the turret head are performed using different drive motors, respectively, and further, the gear on the head body performs a shift operation in the axial direction with respect to the gear on the tool spindle. , Between the two gears. That is, after the indexing is completed, a clamping operation is performed, and thereafter, the gear is engaged with the gear of the tool main shaft by the shifting operation of the gear on the main body side. A cycle operation of releasing the connection, performing an unclamping operation, and performing index rotation was performed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, such a conventional structure requires two motors for rotational driving for machining rotation and indexing, so that the apparatus becomes expensive, and a clamp / clamp of the turret head is required.
The unclamping operation and the disengagement operation of the gear of the tool spindle
Since it is necessary to shift the time, the indexing time becomes longer, and the processing efficiency is reduced.

Therefore, the present invention selectively performs the processing rotation and the indexing rotation by one motor, and simultaneously engages and disengages the gears on the driving side and the spindle side simultaneously with the clamping and unclamping operations of the turret head. An object of the present invention is to eliminate the conventional gear shift mechanism, simplify the structure, reduce the indexing time, and solve the above-mentioned problems.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is intended to reliably engage the first gear on the driving side with the gear ridges and valleys of the tool spindle by the reciprocating operation of the turret head for clamping and unclamping. The gears of the tool spindle are also engaged with the first gear that stands by in the localized state while being in the localized state. To this end, all the tool spindles are held in the localized state even during indexing rotation after unclamping. For this reason, an engaging portion is formed at one end of the tool spindle, and a stopper member for constantly engaging with the engaging portion and restricting rotation is provided, and the stopper is provided only when the tool spindle at the indexing position is rotated for machining. By disengaging the engagement with the mating part and allowing the rotation of the tool spindle, the clamping and unclamping operations can be performed at the same time The gears can be engaged and disengaged, thereby reducing the indexing time.

That is, the present invention provides a turret head device in which a turret head rotatably supporting a plurality of tool spindles in a radial manner is rotatably and slidably provided around a spindle fixed to the head main body. A fixed position stopable motor, a first gear driven by the motor meshing with a gear of each process spindle at the indexing position,
A second gear provided on a shaft parallel to the support shaft, the second gear being driven via a clutch; and a turret head side provided with head advance / retreat drive means for driving the turret head forward / backward. A stopper member that forms an engaging portion at one end of the spindle on the spindle side, restricts the rotation of the tool spindle by engaging with the engaging portion, and allows only the rotation of the tool spindle indexed to the indexing position. Is slidably provided on the support shaft, and an auxiliary stopper is fixed to the support shaft. When the turret head is unclamped, the auxiliary stopper engages with the engaging portion of the indexing position of the tool spindle to restrict rotation. It is configured as follows.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a turret type machine tool according to the apparatus of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 show a turret head apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a gear configuration diagram viewed from the direction B in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a gear configuration diagram viewed from the front in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a side view of the stopper member viewed from the direction C in FIG. 6 is a rear view of the stopper member viewed from the direction D in FIG. 2, FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing an engagement portion between the tool spindle and the stopper member, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the tool spindle and the stopper member at the indexing position. FIG. 3A shows an engaged state, and FIG.
Indicates a clamp time.

In FIG. 1, a turret type machine tool 1 is fed onto a base 2 in an X-axis direction (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface) and is moved.
The X-axis table 3 includes a Z-axis table 4 that is fed and moved in the Z-axis direction (left and right directions in the drawing).
A turret head device 6 is movably supported in the Y-axis direction (vertical direction) along a slide way 5a formed on the front surface of the column 5. Then, feed control in three axes of X, Y, and Z is performed through the respective feed drive units.

The turret head device 6 includes a head body 7 supported by the column 5 and a turret head 8 indexed to the head body 7 and rotatably supported.

In FIG. 2, the head body 7 has a slideway 5a of the column 5 by a sliding surface portion 9 formed on the back surface thereof.
And a feed nut 10 integral with the head body 7 is screwed into a feed screw 11 in the Y-axis direction. A support shaft 12 horizontally extending in the X-axis direction is integrally provided from the center of the front surface of the head body 7 toward the front,
This support shaft 12 becomes the central axis of the indexing rotation of the turret head 8.

As shown in FIG. 1, the turret head 8 has six tool stations by dividing its outer periphery into six equal parts, for example, and a tool spindle 13 is radially mounted on each of the tool stations. In FIG. 1, a position at which the tool spindle 13 assumes a horizontal posture on the left side is determined as an indexing position P, and the workpiece W held at the processing position on the left side is processed by the tool determined at this position.

As shown in FIG. 2, each tool spindle 13 is rotatably supported in the turret head 8 via a plurality of bearings 14 and 15, and each tool spindle 13 has a gear (hereinafter referred to as a spindle gear) 16 respectively. It is provided integrally. The support shaft 12 is inserted through the center of rotation of the turret head 8, and the turret head 8 is rotatably fitted on the outer periphery of the support shaft 12 via bearings 17, 18 and reciprocates along the support shaft 12. Wearing is supported.

A cylinder chamber 19 is formed in the turret head 8 at the tip side of the support shaft 12, and the support shaft 12 is provided in the cylinder chamber 19.
A piston 20 fixed to 12 is slidably fitted.
Therefore, when the turret head 8 is clamped or unclamped, the turret head 8 is moved forward and backward in the support shaft direction by selectively supplying the pressure fluid to both the pressure chambers 19a and 19b of the cylinder chamber 19. That is, the head advance / retreat driving means 21 is constituted by the cylinder chamber 19, the piston 20, and the pressure fluid.

On the back side of the turret head 8, that is, on the side of the clamp surface with the head main body 7, a gear 22 is integrally provided concentrically with the support shaft 12, and further on the outer periphery of the gear 22,
The Carvic coupling 23 is fixed. A carbic coupling 24 is also fixed to the head body 7 corresponding to the carbic coupling 23, and the final positioning of the turret head 8 at the time of clamping is performed by the engagement of the two couplings 23, 24. ing. Furthermore, an O-ring is provided on the joint surface when clamping with the head body 7.
25 and a sealing member 26 are provided.
It is designed to prevent chips and debris from entering the 3, 24 parts.

On the side of the indexing position P in the head body 7, a shaft 27 parallel to the tool spindle 13 located at the indexing position P of the turret head 8 is provided. One gear 29 is rotatably supported. The first gear 29 is provided at a position meshing with the main shaft gear 16 of the tool main shaft 13 located at the indexing position P, and is disengaged from the main shaft gear 16 by the advance and retreat of the turret head 9.

Further, at the eccentric position in the head body 7, the support shaft 12
Is rotatably supported, and a second gear 31 for indexing and transmitting rotation is fixed to the front end of the shaft 30 via a spline. The second gear 31 is provided with the turret head 8.
Gear 22 is always meshed. That is, the second gear 31
The gear 22 is engaged with the gear 22 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and always maintains the meshing state irrespective of the reciprocating operation of the turret head 8.

The head body 7 includes the first gear 29 and the second gear 29.
One variable speed motor 32 is provided as a rotary drive source for rotating the motor 31 and 31. The variable speed motor 32 has its motor shaft 32a connected to the shaft 2 of the first gear 29 in the head body 7.
The motor shaft 32a projects in a direction parallel to the motor shaft 32a. A drive shaft 35 rotatably supported on the motor shaft 32a through a plurality of bearings 33 and 34 in the head body 7 is integrated with the motor shaft 32a via a key 36. Is joined to.

A drive gear 37 meshing with the first gear 29 is coupled to the left end of the drive shaft 35 in FIG. 2 via a spline, and the rotation of the drive shaft 35 is transmitted to the first gear 29 by the drive gear 37. .

A hollow cylindrical worm shaft 39 integrally formed with a worm gear 38 is rotatably fitted to an intermediate portion of the drive shaft 35, and the worm shaft 39 has a bearing 40 with respect to the head main body 7;
It is rotatably supported via 41. In addition, the drive shaft
A hollow cylindrical clutch shaft 42 is slidably fitted in the right end of FIG. 2 in FIG.
The clutch shaft 42 is rotatably and axially integrally supported by a piston 44 provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the clutch shaft 42 via the bearing 34. The piston 44 is axially slidably fitted in a cylinder chamber 45 formed in the head main body 7, and selectively supplies a pressure fluid to both pressure chambers 45 a and 45 b of the cylinder chamber 45. It is designed to move back and forth in the direction.

The left end face of the clutch shaft 42 in FIG.
39 is provided with releasable clutch claws 46 and 47 on the right end surface in FIG.
6, 47 are disengaged, and connection and disconnection between both shafts 42, 39 are performed.

A proximity sensor 64 is provided on the head body at a position facing the piston 44, and detects the advance or retreat of the piston 44, that is, the on / off of the clutches 46 and 47.

Also, as shown in FIG.
The worm wheel 48 is engaged. The worm wheel 48 is integrally connected via a spline to the rear end of the shaft 30 having the second gear 31 at the front end. Therefore, the rotation of the drive shaft 35 is transmitted through the clutch shaft 42 to the worm shaft 39.
And transmitted from the worm gear 38 to the worm wheel 48 and transmitted to the shaft 30.

The variable speed motor 32 has a fixed position stop function, always stops at a predetermined indexing position, and always holds that position even when it is not driven. The rotation speed of the motor 32 can be set arbitrarily. According to the setting, the processing rotation speed of the tool spindle 13 can be changed according to the type of work or the type of tool, and the rotation speed during processing and index rotation can be changed. Can be automatically switched.

The indexing position detection of the turret head 8 is performed by a rotary encoder 49 mounted below the motor 32 in the head main body 7. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a screw gear 50 is formed integrally with the shaft 30 having the second gear 31 and the worm wheel 48 integrally therewith. And a gear 53 provided coaxially and integrally with the screw gear 52, and a detection shaft 49 of the encoder 49 is provided.
The gear 54 provided on a is engaged.

However, the transmission ratio of transmitting the rotation from the shaft 30 to the turret head 8 and the transmission ratio of transmitting the rotation from the shaft 30 to the rotary encoder 49 are equal to or double the ratio of the second gear 31 and the gear 22 respectively. The ratio of the number of teeth and the ratio of the number of teeth of the screw gears 50 and 52 and the number of teeth of the gears 53 and 54 are set.

After the indexing, the localization of the tool spindle 13 is
The stopper member 55 and the auxiliary stopper 56 shown in FIG. 2 are provided in order to hold the tool spindle 13 in the localized state even when the turret head 8 is unclamped. The stopper member 55 is engaged with an engagement shaft 57 formed at the end of the tool spindle 13 on the support shaft 12 side.

The engaging portion 57 forms a pair of engaging surfaces 57a and 57b which face the support shaft direction, that is, the direction in which the turret head 8 advances and retreats when the tool spindle 13 is in the normal position.
The thickness between 57a and 57b is thinner than the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the direction, that is, the direction along the index rotation surface.

Then, the stopper member 55 is connected to each process spindle 13.
So as to sandwich both engagement surfaces 57a and 57b of the engagement portion 57 from both sides,
A hollow cylindrical body formed with a pair of flanges 58, 58, which is constrained in the rotational direction with respect to the support shaft 12 and is slidably fitted in the axial direction, and has a pair of support surfaces for the turret head 8. It is restricted between 59 and 60 in the forward and backward directions, and is rotatably fitted and supported.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, flanges 58, 58 corresponding to the indexing position P of the stopper member 55 are provided.
Are formed with notch portions 61 and 62, respectively. At these notch portions 61 and 62, the engagement with the engaging portion 57 is released, and the rotation of the tool spindle 13 is allowed. That is,
Only the tool spindle 13 indexed to the index position P can freely rotate.

However, when the turret head 8 is unclamped, the auxiliary stopper 56 is provided because it is necessary to always regulate all the tool spindles 13 in the rotation direction regardless of the indexing position P.

The auxiliary stopper 56 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion corresponding to the indexing position P side of the support shaft 12, and also has a key function for preventing rotation between the support shaft 12 and the stopper member 55. Also,
The auxiliary stopper 56 is a locking projection 56 that can be inserted into the cutout portion 62 of one flange 58 of the stopper member 55.
has a. When the turret head 8 is clamped, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the locking projection 56a of the auxiliary stopper 56 is at a position deviated from the notch portion 62. However, when the turret head 8 is unclamped, FIG. ), The locking projection 56a of the auxiliary stopper 56 is inserted into the notch portion 62 to close the notch portion 62, and engages with one engagement surface 57b of the tool spindle 13 at the index position P. Therefore, the rotation of all the tool spindles 13 can be restricted by the stopper member 55 and the auxiliary stopper 56.

Note that the stopper member 55 is cut off toward the center by the thickness of the flange 58 at one of the notched portions 62 so as to be continuous with the flange 58 portion.

A recess 63 is formed in the support surface 60 of the turret head 8 on the side of the locking projection 56a at a position corresponding to each process station, in which the locking projection 56a can be fitted. The locking projection 56a is housed in the recess 63.

 Next, the indexing operation of the turret head 8 will be described.

FIG. 2 shows a state at the time of machining in which the turret head 8 is clamped to the head main body 7 and the main shaft gear 16 is engaged with the first gear 29. When the machining by the indexed tool is completed, the motor 32 stops at a fixed position through a deceleration process.
Since the drive shaft 35 and the gears 37, 29, and 16 are mechanically coupled sequentially from the motor shaft 32a, the tool spindle 13 at the index position P is also reliably stopped in the localized state. At this time, the engaging portion 57 of the tool spindle 13 is set such that the engaging surfaces 57a and 57b always face the turret head 8 in the forward and backward directions. .

Next, a pressurized fluid is supplied to one of the pressure chambers 19b of the cylinder chamber 19 by a tool indexing command, and the turret head 8 is guided by the support shaft 12 and the second gear 31 on the head body 7 side and separated from the head body 7 Move in the direction you want. The Carvic couplings 23 and 24 are disengaged, the main shaft gear 16 is disengaged from the first gear 29, and at the same time, one notch portion 62 of the stopper member 55 is fitted into the locking projection 56a of the auxiliary stopper 56 (FIG. 8). (B)). As a result, the turret head 8 enters an unclamped state with respect to the head main body 7.

Each tool spindle 13 is provided with both flanges 5 of the stopper member 55.
The rotation is restricted by the gears 8 and 58, and the engagement surfaces 57a and 57b are always kept in a localized state in which the turret head 8 faces the advancing and retreating direction. The engagement portion 57 of the tool spindle 13 at the indexing position P is also inserted into the notch side of the stopper member 55, but one engagement surface 57b is engaged with the locking projection 56a of the auxiliary stopper 56. Therefore, the rotation is restricted, and the rotation is always kept in the localization state.

Simultaneously with this unclamping operation, a clutch engaging operation with the index drive side is performed. When the pressure fluid is supplied to one of the pressure chambers 45b of the cylinder chamber 45, the piston 44 advances, and the clutch shaft 42 also advances integrally therewith, and the clutches 46 and 47 engage with the front worm shaft 39. Combine. Thereby, the drive shaft 35, the clutch shaft 42, the worm shaft 39, the worm gear 38, the worm wheel 48, the shaft 3
0 and gears 31 and 32 are sequentially mechanically connected.

Thereafter, the indexing rotation of the turret head 8 is started. When the motor 32 rotates at the indexing speed, the drive shaft 35, the clutch shaft 42, the worm shaft 39, the shaft 30 and the rotation thereof are transmitted, the gear is transmitted from the second gear 31 to the gear 22, and the turret head 8 is indexed and rotated. You.

The rotation angle of the turret head 8 depends on the axis 30 of the second gear 31.
When the designated tool station approaches the indexing position P, a stop command is issued to the motor 32. The motor 32 stops in the localization state through the deceleration process, and the turret head 8 is indexed. At this time, since the turret head 8 is in a mechanically connected state with the motor 32, the turret head 8 is also in the localized state, that is, the couplings 23, 24.
It is stopped so that it can mesh with each other. Further, the index position is confirmed by the rotary encoder 46.

When the indexing is completed, the clutch of the head is started next. The other pressure chamber 19a of the cylinder chamber 19
Is supplied with pressure fluid, the turret head 8
And it moves in the direction approaching the head main body 7 along the second gear 31. Due to the fluid pressure, the Carvic couplings 23 and 24 are engaged with each other to perform final positioning in the indexing direction. At the same time, the main shaft gear 16 at the index position P meshes with the first gear 29 to enable transmission of rotation to the tool main shaft 13.

By this head clamping operation, the stopper member 55
Flange 58 slides off the auxiliary stopper 56,
Since the notched portion 62 of the flange 58 closed by the auxiliary stopper 56 is opened (FIG. 8 (a)), the rotation of the tool spindle 13 at the index position P as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Permissible.

On the other hand, the tool spindle 13 other than the indexing position P is always restricted between the two flanges 58, 58 of the stopper member 55 at the time of head clamping and unclamping, and is always held in a localized state. This allows any tool spindle
Even if the index 13 is indexed, the index is always kept at the indexing position P, so that the peak and the valley or the valley and the peak always face the first gear 29 and can be reliably engaged.

At substantially the same time as the clamp operation, an unclutch operation on the index drive side is performed. When the pressure fluid is supplied to the other pressure chamber 45a of the cylinder chamber 45, the piston 44 retreats, the clutch shaft 42 also retreats integrally, and the two clutch claws 46,
The meshing of 47 is released, and the worm shaft 39 is separated from the drive side. When the detachment is detected by the sensor 63, processing starts next.

When the motor 32 rotates, the drive shaft 35, the gear 37,
The rotation is transmitted to 29 and 16, and the tool spindle 13 is driven to rotate at high speed.

On the other hand, the X-, Y-, and Z-axis controls on the NC side position the head body 7 with respect to the workpiece W and feed the workpiece.

In the above embodiment, the stopper members 55 are provided with the integral flanges 58, 58.
May be provided, and the tool spindle
The engagement portion 57 on the thirteenth side may be provided with only one engagement surface 57b on one side.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the machining rotation and the indexing rotation are selectively performed by one motor, so that the drive unit can be configured very compactly and inexpensively.

Further, the gear coupling with the driving side of the tool spindle is performed by the clamping operation of the turret head, and the gear coupling is released by the unclamping operation of the turret head, so that the gear coupling portion is provided with an axial shift mechanism of one gear. Since it is not necessary, it is not necessary to take extra time for the shift operation, so that the structure is simplified and it can be obtained at low cost, and the time for indexing is shortened by that much, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

Further, since the rotation of all the tool spindles other than the indexing position is always restricted by the engagement between the engagement surface formed on each tool spindle and one stopper member fitted to the spindle, the localization is performed for each tool spindle. There is no need to provide a holding mechanism, and it can be made up of a minimum number of parts, so that the structure is compact and the weight of the turret head can be reduced.

In addition, at the indexing position, the auxiliary stopper fixed to the support shaft is directly moved into and out of the notch portion of the stopper member by the reciprocating operation of the turret head, and at the time of clamping, the auxiliary stopper does not act and the rotation of the tool spindle is allowed, At the time of unclamping, the auxiliary stopper is located at the position where it is inserted into the notch of the stopper member, and engages with the engaging surface of the tool spindle to restrict the rotation of the tool spindle. The engagement with the first gear on the driving side at the time is ensured.
In addition, a driving mechanism for the auxiliary stopper is not required, and the number of parts and the space for assembling can be reduced, so that a very compact configuration can be achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of a turret type machine tool according to the apparatus of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 show a turret head apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is A in FIG. FIG. 3 is a gear configuration view from the direction B in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a gear configuration view from the front in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a view from the C direction in FIG. FIG. 6 is a rear view of the stopper member viewed from the direction D in FIG. 2, FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing an engagement portion between the tool spindle and the stopper member, and FIG. 8 is an indexing position. 3A and 3B show the engagement state between the tool spindle and the stopper member in FIG. 6 ... turret head device, 7 ... head body, 8 ...
Turret head, 12 ... spindle, 13 ... tool spindle, 16 ...
Gears (spindle gears), 21 ... Head moving means, 22 ...
Gear, 27… shaft, 29… first gear, 30… shaft, 31… second gear, 32… motor, 32a… motor shaft, 44… clutch shaft, 46, 47… clutch claws , 55 ... stopper member, 56 ... auxiliary stopper, 57 ... engagement part, P ... indexing position.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A turret head (8) rotatably supporting a plurality of tool spindles (13) in a radial manner is rotatable and slidable about a spindle (12) fixed to a head body (7). In the turret head device provided in the above, a motor (32) capable of stopping at a fixed position and a fixed position facing the gear (16) of the tool spindle (13) at the index position (P) are provided on the head body (7) side. The first gear (16) for rotating the spindle which is driven by the motor (32) provided in the turret head (8) to engage and disengage with the gear (16) of the tool spindle (13) at the index position (P) by the reciprocating operation of the turret head (8). 29) and a gear (22) of the turret head (8) and a shaft provided on a shaft (30) parallel to the support shaft (12) and driven by the motor (32) via clutches (46) and (47). Turret head rotating second gear (31) slidably engaged in Provided, and the turret head (8) side, said support shaft a turret head (8) (12)
A head advancing / retracting drive means (21) for advancing and retreating in the clamp and unclamping directions along the axis is provided, and an engaging surface orthogonal to the supporting axis direction is provided at one end of each tool spindle (13) on the supporting shaft (12) side. (57a), and a hollow cylindrical stopper formed with a flange (58) slidably engaged with the engagement surface (57a) to restrict rotation of the tool spindle (13) and to maintain a fixed position. A member (55) is fitted to the support shaft (12) in a non-rotatable state and slidably in the axial direction, and is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the turret head (8) and restrained in the forward and backward directions. Notch portions (61) and (62) are formed on the index position (P) side of the flange (58) of the member (55), and the tool spindle (1) indexed to the index position (P) is formed.
3) Only the engagement surface (57a) is disengaged to allow rotation,
An auxiliary stopper (56) is fixed to the support shaft (12) corresponding to the notch (62), and the auxiliary stopper (5
6) is retracted from the notch portion (62) when the turret head (8) is clamped, and the auxiliary stopper (56) is inserted into the notch portion (62) when the turret head (8) is unclamped. A turret head device, wherein the turret head device is adapted to engage with an engagement surface (57a) of a tool spindle (13) to restrict rotation and maintain a fixed position.