JP2671925B2 - Washing, draining and drying washing machines for linen laundry - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to, for example, dehydration (washing) in a domestic washing machine.
The present invention relates to a washing / dewatering / drying machine applied to a tank, a commercial water washing machine, a dry cleaner, or other various centrifugal dehydrators for industrial use.

Further, it is also applicable to fully automatic washing, dehydrating and drying machines for continuously performing washing, dewatering and drying for household and industrial use.

[Conventional technology]

The rotary drum type dewatering device that dewaters using centrifugal force,
Whether it is a domestic washing machine, a commercial water washing machine, a dry cleaner using an organic solvent, or a centrifugal dehydrator for general industry, the basic structure relating to the liquid removal is the same. Therefore, here, the conventional technique will be described taking a household washing machine as an example.

That is, in the prior art, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the dehydration tank 1a has a circular cross-sectional shape and an opening ratio of 10 to 20.
%, A rotary drum 2a composed of a peripheral wall of a perforated plate, a rotary shaft 3a for supporting and rotating the rotary drum 2a, and the same rotary shaft.
It is composed of a motor 4a for driving 3a and the like. 9a is the wall
A hole penetrating 7a, 10a is a drainage pipe arranged at the bottom of the dehydration tank 1a, and 40a is a vibration-proof rubber interposed between the motor 4a and the machine base.

The washed object 5a is transferred from the washing tub (not shown) to the dehydration tub 1a, the lid 6a is closed, and a necessary time is set by a timer switch (not shown), etc.
2a is rotated at high speed by a motor 4a, and water in the object to be washed 5a is discharged from a circumferential wall surface 7a made of a perforated plate or the like concentric with the rotation center axis of the rotating drum 2a.

Regarding the above-mentioned conventional technique, the present inventor sets the laminated cotton cloth 5'a as shown in FIG. 8 inside the circumferential wall surface 7a to the same thickness along the wall surface 7a, and at the time when the dehydration is almost completed. The water content of each cotton cloth 5'a was measured. as a result,
As shown in FIG. 9, the water content of the cotton cloth 5'a close to the circumferential wall surface 7a is about twice that of the cotton cloth 5'a far from the circumferential wall surface 7a, that is, the cotton cloth 5'close to the axis of rotation. It was

This is because the circumferential wall surface 7a in FIG. 8 is perpendicular to the direction 8a in which the centrifugal force acts, so the water retained between the cotton cloth 5'a and the circumferential wall surface 7a moves along the wall surface. It is because it cannot be excluded because it is prevented. On the other hand, the circumferential wall 7a
Since the water in the cotton cloth 5′a that is away from the smooth movement in the direction 8a of centrifugal force acting through the capillaries in the cotton cloth layer 5′a,
As shown in FIG. 9, the water content of the cotton cloth 5'a near the center of the rotary drum 2a is lower than that of the cotton cloth 5'a near the circumferential wall surface 7a.

Also, the water content of the cotton cloth 5'a close to the circumferential wall surface 7a tends to increase as the thickness of the cotton cloth layer 5'a decreases. This is a cotton cloth layer 5'a (circumferential wall surface 7a which functions to press the cotton cloth layer 5'a near the circumferential wall surface 7a in the direction of the centrifugal force.
It is considered that this is because the weight of the layer farther from () is smaller and the throttling effect is reduced.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

As described above, in the conventional dewatering device, since the circumferential wall surface 7a of the rotating drum 2a and the direction 8a in which the centrifugal force acts intersect at a right angle, the drainage of the object to be washed 5a near the circumferential wall surface 7a is prevented. It has a fundamental defect that it is not sufficiently performed and the dehydration performance originally estimated from the magnitude of centrifugal force is not sufficiently exerted. Further, as a matter of course, as a result, extra energy and time are spent to dry the wash target after dehydration.

The present invention solves these problems, the original liquid removal performance is exhibited, and at the same time, the energy during drying and the time spent are shortened, and washing, dehydration and drying are performed in one step. It is intended to provide a device capable of

[Means for solving the problem]

For this reason, the present invention provides a rotary drum for accommodating linen laundry, an outer case capable of accommodating the rotary drum inside and sealing the same, and a work such as water, steam, and heated air inside the rotary drum. A suction part for supplying a fluid and a discharge port for discharging the working fluid after the work to the outside of the outer body are provided, and the peripheral wall surface of the rotating drum is in the direction of action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating drum. It has a single chevron cross section that does not intersect at right angles, and is composed of a wall surface that has many openings over almost the entire surface including the chevron cross section. The chevron cross section includes the direction of action of the centrifugal force. Formed in the angle range of 90 to 160 ° to effectively centrifugally deliquify linen laundry and to facilitate the removal of linen laundry in the rotary drum from the wall surface of the rotary drum after deliquoring. Laundry and removal of linen laundry characterized by - is intended to provide a dry washing machine.

[Action]

The distribution of the water content in the cotton cloth layer as shown in FIG. 9, that is, the main cause of the abnormally high water content near the circumferential wall surface is that the circumferential wall surface extends parallel to the drum rotation center axis as described above. In addition, the action direction of the centrifugal force and the circumferential wall surface intersect at a right angle, which results in poor drainage. Therefore, basically, all or part of the circumferential wall surface is not parallel to the drum rotation center axis, or the circumferential wall surface is not formed into a simple circular shape and intersects with the direction of centrifugal force at right angles. It is only necessary to take any one of the above-mentioned shapes.

Therefore, by adopting these means, the liquid collected at the position deviated from the hole on the drum wall surface is subjected to the action of centrifugal force and flows along the wall surface having a predetermined angle, and is easily discharged from the hole in the vicinity. As a result, the water content of the liquid to be drained after the treatment is significantly reduced.

At this time, it is possible to reduce the water content by decreasing the angle of the mountain shape, but linen laundry such as towels, sheets, and shirts clings to the drum, and washing, dehydration, and drying can be performed in one step.
From these points, it has been found that there is a desirable angle in the case of a machine used in a process.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention.

First, explaining from the example shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1A is a side sectional view of the liquid removal tank and a part of the drive shaft, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1A. Is.

As is clear from the figure, the liquid removal tank 12a according to the present embodiment.
Is circular at any position in the flat section, but the axis of rotation 13a
The wall surface 17a and the rotation axis line 13a are formed so as to form a predetermined angle in the vertical cross section cut including. In the case of the illustrated example, the entire liquid removal tank 12a is in the shape of a jar in which the body swells in the middle of the height direction.

Here, with respect to the acting direction F of the centrifugal force, a chevron angle θ (illustrated in FIG. 1A) of the wall surface 17a of the liquid removing tank 12a is set.
Data obtained by measuring the residual water content of the cotton cloth layer while changing the angle angle θ are shown in FIGS. 4 and 6. These are towels for 4 minutes, 35
It is the value when dehydrated at 0G. Here, G represents the rotation speed, R: Drum radius (m) n: Drum rotation speed (rpm)

As shown in Fig. 4, the chevron angle?
If the angle is 120 °, the cotton cloth layer having a water content of 80% becomes 65%, and as much as 15% of water can be expelled from the cotton cloth. Furthermore, if this angle is set to 60 °, the water content will be
It will be 60%, which is 20% better than before.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, in the case of the apparatus of the present invention, even the cotton cloth near the wall surface of the dewatering drum is sufficiently dewatered, and the water content distribution after dewatering in the center direction of the rotating drum is large. There is no change, and the dehydration effect is increasing as a whole.

That is, in the conventional drum, the water content in the circumferential wall of the drum and the unevenness of the water content in the central direction of the drum are large, and the water content is high, 90% on the circumferential wall surface of the drum and 65% in the central direction of the drum. . However, the chevron angle of the drum (θ)
It was found that when the water content was 120 °, the water content was 70% on the circumferential wall surface of the drum and 63% in the center direction of the drum, which showed small differences, and the overall value was small, that is, the water was efficiently dehydrated.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows, as an index, the force required to remove the cotton cloth layer such as a towel adheres to the drum wall surface when the drum angle angle θ is changed.

That is, when the chevron angle is 180 ° (conventional drum),
When peeling vertically to the direction of centrifugal force acting on the drum (vertical pulling), when peeling off with a force of about 10 and with force perpendicular to the direction of centrifugal force (lateral pulling), a wall surface for discharging water to the drum Since there is a hole 19a that penetrates through it, it is difficult to remove it by horizontal pulling because the cotton cloth layer has entered into this hole, but the cotton cloth layer is peeled off with a force of about 70, while the angle angle is set small, for example 60 When the angle is °, they are 180 and 240, and the index is close to or more than 200, so that the cotton cloth layer clings to the wall surface of the drum and cannot be peeled off unless external force is applied, which is not practical.

Therefore, compared with the conventional drum, in order to improve the water content and prevent the drum from sticking,
The angle θ of the drum crest is 90 ° to 160 °, preferably 1
It was found that 20 ° to 150 ° was practical.

Next, an embodiment in which the washing, dehydrating and drying steps shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are continuously performed will be described.

1: rotating drum: a cylindrical rotating drum that is rotatable while keeping the rotating shaft 3 substantially horizontal, and is fixed to a pulley 4, a driving V-belt 5, and a motor 7 that are fixed to the rotating shaft. It is driven by the transmission path of the drive pulley 6. The outer cylinder surface 10 of the drum is provided with holes 19 for ventilation and water passage.

2: Outer body: A drum support 8 which is arranged outside the drum and is formed of a bracket and bearings for supporting the drum rotating shaft 3 is fixed to one side, and water, steam, and heated air are introduced into the drum 1 on the other side. The suction portion 9 for supplying the like is fixed.

3: Rotating shaft: It is fixed to the drum 1 and plays a role as a drum driving shaft.

4: Pulley: A pulley for driving the drum 1,
It is fixed to the rotary shaft 3.

5: Belt: Used for power transmission to drive the drum 1.

6: Pulley: It is fixed to the motor 7 and transmits the rotational force of the motor to the drum rotation shaft 3 via the belt 5 and the pulley 4.

7: Motor: A power source for driving the drum 1,
The rotation speed is set by the speed varying device 30.

8: Drum support: A bracket and bearings that support the rotating shaft 3 of the drum.

9: Suction part ... It is fixed to the inlet part of the outer drum 2 of the drum,
Water, steam, heated air, etc. are fed into the drum 1. It has a ring shape and has an opening 20 on the inner peripheral surface. The structure in which the supplied heating medium such as water, steam, and heated air does not leak to the outside of the drum 1.

10: Outer cylinder surface: the outer peripheral portion of the drum 1, and the outer cylinder surface 10 is provided with holes 19 for ventilation and water passage. The outer cylinder surface has a circular cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis direction, and the axial cross section has a chevron angle θ as shown in FIG.

12: Laundry …… Linens such as towels, sheets, and shirts that are washed, dehydrated and dried.

15: Duct: As shown in Fig. 3, it is fixed to the side surface of the outer drum 2 and sends heated air into the drum 1.

16: Door: Opened when the linen is put into the drum 1, and closed during the washing, dehydration and drying processes. The inner surface of the door is in close contact with the blow-in portion 9 of the outer case 2 of the drum, so that water, steam, heated steam, etc. do not leak to the outside of the outer case 2.

17: beater: a mountain-shaped plate attached to the outer cylindrical surface 10 of the drum 1, and has the effect of lifting the linen upward by the rotation of the drum 1.

18: Seal ...... Drum 1 is fixed to outer drum 2
It has a structure that slides on the outer cylindrical surface 10 of. It serves to prevent heated steam, heated air, etc. supplied from the blow-in portion 9 into the drum 1 from leaking to the outer case 2 without entering the drum 1.

19: Hole: A hole with a diameter of a few mm made in the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1, through which washing water, detergent, etc. in and out of the drum 1 and the outer case 2 are made in and out.

In the dehydration process, as the drum 1 is rotated at high speed, the water shaken off from the linen is discharged into the outer case through this hole.

In the drying process, the heated air supplied into the drum 1 supplies energy for drying the linen into the drum 1, and then this air is discharged from the hole 19 to the outer case 2 and discharged outside the machine.

20: Opening portion: a hole formed in the inner peripheral surface of the blow-in portion 9, through which heated steam, heated air, etc. are supplied into the drum 1.

21: Water supply pipe ... A pipe for feeding water for washing into the drum 1.

22: Drainage pipe ... Used during the washing process or during the dewatering process to drain water from the drum outer body 2, and the presence or absence of drainage is controlled by opening and closing the damper 23.

23: Damper: When the water is drained from the outer case 2, the damper 23 is opened, and the washing water in the outer case 2 and the water shaken off by the dehydration are discharged from the outer case 2 to the drain groove 32 outside the machine. The damper 23 is closed when the outer body 2 is not drained.

24: Heater ... When supplying heated air into the drum 1,
The outside of the machine is sucked by a blower (not shown), the indoor air is heated by the heater 24 and sent into the drum 1. The heater is generally of a type that heat-exchanges steam or heating oil with room air.

26: Exhaust port: It is provided in a part of the outer case 2 of the drum, and is an opening for discharging the air in the outer case 2 to the outside of the machine.

27: Lint filter: The air exhausted from the drum 1 contains a large amount of linen lint. Therefore, the lint contained in the exhaust air is captured by passing the air discharged through the exhaust port 26 through the lint filter.

28: Exhaust duct: A duct for exhausting the lint-removed exhaust gas through the lint filter 27 to the outside of the machine.

30: Speed variable device: a device for adjusting the rotation speed of the motor 7, and is controlled so that the drum 1 is rotated at an optimum speed in each of the washing process and the dehydration process.

31: Anti-vibration device ... The drum 1 and the outer case 2 are suspended on the anti-vibration device.

32: Drainage groove: A groove for letting the water discharged from the drainage pipe 22 flow out of the room.

According to the embodiment configured in this way, the (washing) water pipe
A certain amount of water is supplied into the drum 1 and the outer case 2 from 21. Since the hole 19 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the drum 1, the water supplied into the drum 1 passes through the hole 19 and accumulates in the outer case 2, and the water level gradually rises in the drum 1. The water level is checked with a water level detector (not shown), and when the water level reaches a certain level, water supply is stopped. The door 16 is opened to supply linen into the drum 1. The motor 7 is driven to rotate the drum 1 at a constant rotation. Rotation of the drum 1 is effective in preventing the linen from being entangled by repeating forward and reverse rotation.

A detergent / auxiliary agent is supplied to the drum 1 from a detergent / auxiliary agent supply device (not shown) for pre-washing. When the pre-wash is finished, open the damper 23 and drain the washing water used for the pre-wash.
After passing through 22, the water is discharged to the drainage groove 32, and after a certain period of time or when the drain of the prewash water is detected by a sensor (not shown), the damper 23 is closed.

Similarly, washing water is supplied to the drum 1 to a certain level, and the detergent / auxiliary agent is supplied to the drum 1 from a detergent / auxiliary agent supply device (not shown).

Here, a steam nozzle (not shown) is operated to blow steam into the water of the outer case 2 to raise the temperature of the washing water to a certain temperature. The rotation of the drum 1 can change the number of rotations of the motor 7 by controlling the speed changing device 30. Laundry laundry
The mechanical force due to the impact with the water surface when the drum 1 is lifted above 17 and dropped by the drum 17 is further oscillated by the oscillating device (not shown) to forcibly increase the relative speed between the linen and the washing water. By doing so, the washing time can be shortened.

In this way, main washing is performed in warm water, and then the washing water adhering to the linen is shaken off by the medium speed rotation of the drum 1. At this time, of course, the damper 23 is opened to drain the washing water from the discharge pipe 22 to the outside of the machine. After that, the damper 23 is closed, water is supplied again into the drum 1, and a rinsing step is performed. The rinsing step may be the same as the washing step.
When the rinsing process is repeated by repeatedly supplying and draining washing water, the dehydration process starts.

The (dewatering) drum 1 is driven by the rotation of the speed varying device 30 so as to receive an acceleration of 1 to 1.5 G on the inner circumference of the drum. As a result, the linen contained in the drum 1 can be distributed almost uniformly on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 1. After this state, the drum 1 is rotated at high speed,
Water adhering to the linen is hole 19 in the drum 1 due to centrifugal force.
From the outer shell 2 to the outside of the machine via the drain pipe 22.

Here, the test results obtained by changing the angle angle θ of the drum are as described above with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. That is, when θ is 60 °, the water content after dehydration is 60%, which can be a value as low as 20% compared to the conventional value. On the other hand, the second
As shown in FIG. 6 (b), it was found that the laundry 12 was stuck to the outer cylindrical surface of the drum and did not automatically drop even when the dehydration process was completed. For this reason, when the angle of the ridges is set to be larger than 100 °, the laundry to be washed after dehydration may fall freely by a slight impact, for example, by operating a brake device (not shown) during the rotation of the drum to suddenly stop the drum. It was revealed and its practicality was confirmed.

Further, in the case of the mountain type drum as shown in FIG.
Is extruded in the F direction by centrifugal force in the dehydration process,
Try to concentrate on the part where the drum diameter is large, that is, on the top of the crest of the outer cylinder surface. For this reason, the vibration due to the unbalanced load in the drum of the washings, which is usually a problem in the dehydration process, causes the unbalanced load to be generated at or near the center of gravity of the main mountain type drum. It was also found to be ideal for suppressing vibration during the dehydration process.

(Drying) Near the end of the dehydration process, the air heated by the heater 24 is supplied into the drum 1 via the duct 15 and the blowing unit 9, and the process directly proceeds to the drying process. What to wash at this time
When 12 is in a state of clinging to the inside of the drum 1 as shown in FIG. 2 (b), even if heated air is supplied into the drum 1, it is impossible to uniformly dry the item to be washed 12 in a short time. is there.

That is, in order to perform washing, dehydration, and drying in one step, it is important to remove the washed laundry 12 from the outer cylindrical surface 10 of the drum 1 without manpower.

The rotation speed of the drum 1 is less than 1G, preferably 0.7 to 0.8G. A temperature or humidity sensor (not shown) is attached to the exhaust port 26, and when it is detected that the temperature or humidity is constant, the drying process is completed.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the number of the ridges of the drum is one has been described, but the same effect can be achieved even when the number of ridges is plural.

Although the case of washing with water has been described, the present invention can also be applied to a dry cleaning machine using an organic solvent such as perchlorethylene.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, the water content of the laundry after centrifugal deliquoring can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional one, and the distribution of the water content in the drum can be made close to uniform, thus shortening the drying time. In addition, it is possible to prevent overdrying, to prevent clinging of laundry in the drum, and to specify the unbalanced load of the drum near the center of gravity of the drum.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a rotary drum which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a side sectional view, FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA of (a), and FIG. FIG. 4A shows another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7A is an explanatory view of a main portion showing a cross section of a rotary drum and a driving structure thereof, and FIG. 7B is an explanatory view showing a state of attachment of laundry to the rotary drum, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a main part of the second embodiment, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of test results showing a drum angle angle and water content, and FIG. 5 is a drum angle angle and an index of peeling force. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a water content distribution by the present invention and a conventional device, FIG. 7 is a conventional dehydrator, FIG. 7A is a side sectional view, and FIG. ) Is A-A of (a)
FIG. 9 is a sectional view, FIG. 8 is an explanatory view seen from the plane of the rotating drum at the time of a dehydration test, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a dehydration test result by a conventional device. 1,2a ... Rotating drum, 10 ... Outer shell surface, 17a ... Rolling drum wall, F ... Direction of centrifugal force, 12 ... Washing items,
θ: Angle angle.

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Atsushi Ueda 1 Takadō, Iwazuka-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagoya Machinery Works (56) Reference Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-185296 (JP, A) Kai 51-121046 (JP, A) Unexamined Japanese Patent Sho 50-148975 (JP, A) Actual Sho 50-62370 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Sho 44-16869 (JP, B1)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating drum for accommodating linen laundry therein, and an outer case capable of accommodating the rotating drum inside for sealing.
The rotary drum is provided with a suction portion for supplying a working fluid such as water, steam, and heated air to the inside of the rotary drum, and an outlet for discharging the working fluid after the work to the outside of the outer drum. Has a single chevron cross section that does not intersect at right angles to the direction of action of centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating drum, and is composed of wall surfaces that have a large number of apertures over almost the entire surface including the chevron cross section. The mountain-shaped cross section has an open shape within an angle range of 90 to 160 ° including the direction of action of the centrifugal force, effectively centrifugally deliquoring linen laundry, and
A washing, draining and drying washing machine for linen laundry, characterized in that the linen laundry in the rotating drum is easily removed after being drained from the wall surface of the rotating drum.