JP2536154Y2 - Switchgear for fluid - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The invention is used for fluids such as water, crude oil, gasoline, chemical liquid or gas, which are used for opening and closing the flow passage when pressure-fed by pipes or the like. It relates to a switchgear. In particular, the present invention provides a fluid opening / closing device suitable for remote operation and automatic control by arranging a force for operating the opening / closing valve to be as small as possible.

[Conventional technology]

For example, as shown in the conceptual diagram of the fluid pressure feeding operation in FIG. 3, the hose H1 connected from the tank T1 to the tank T2,
In pumping a liquid such as gasoline by H2, a pump P is interposed between the two, and the liquid is normally pumped to the tank T2 by pressurization by the pump P.
Further, it is necessary to open and close the flow path between the pump P and the tank T2 by the opening and closing device V, and when the pump P cannot be stopped in time or when the fluid is constantly pressurized like tap water, It may also be necessary to close switchgear V against the pressure of the fluid.

Conventionally, such a device for opening and closing a fluid flow path has a structure in which a handle provided at an end of a spiral screw is manually rotated to open and close a valve. In order to automatically close the opening / closing device V by the controller C when the tank T2 is full by the sensor S or the sensor S, a structure in which the valve is opened and closed by an air cylinder or a solenoid is desired. .

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

FIG. 4 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing a state in which a conventional opening / closing device using an air cylinder is open.
A valve chamber 1 is provided in the middle of a flow path for pumping a fluid to a valve 3 and a valve 5 attached to a shaft 4 connected to a piston 3 by press-in air from the side of an arrow a of an air cylinder 2.
However, an opening / closing device having a structure in which the flow path is closed by closing the valve chamber 1 and the flow path is opened by air pressure injection from the arrow B will be described as an example.

In order to lower the valve 5 and close the valve chamber, the valve 5 must be lowered against the pressure of the fluid in the valve chamber 1 as easily determined from the principle of Pascal. A large load is applied to the cylinder 2 .

In FIG. 5 showing a state in which the switchgear is closed, FIG.
When the chamber behind the valve 5 is closed, the chamber of the A is depressurized in the step of lowering the valve 5, and the air flowing into the chamber of the A is There is no escape place. If an escape route to the outside is provided in the chamber A to avoid this, the fluid will be radiated to the atmosphere.
If the tightness between the air cylinder 2 and the valve law wall 6 is increased, the friction between the two increases, so that an extra load is applied to the air cylinder 2 .

Therefore, especially for the remote operation and the like, a structure that can reduce the resistance due to the pressure of the fluid as described above and can be opened and closed with a small force such that even if the sealing property between the valve chamber and the wall surface is low. It was necessary to develop a fluid switchgear.

[Means and actions for solving the problem]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem.In an opening / closing device having a structure in which a main valve that opens and closes a fluid flow path is moved forward and backward by an advancing and retracting operation of a shaft from outside, a main valve is provided behind the main valve. In the chamber behind the main valve, a sub-path is provided in the chamber behind the main valve, and when the shaft starts operating in the direction to close the main valve, the small path provided in the main valve is first opened and closed. The main valve and the sub-valve that opens and closes the sub-path close only when the small valve opens and the shaft moves further in the same direction, and also when the shaft starts operating in the direction to open the main valve, the main valve also remains. A fluid opening / closing device configured to have a structure in which a small valve is closed prior to the operation of a valve and a sub-valve, a device that operates the shaft by an air cylinder or a solenoid, and a device that detects each of the above operations by detecting a full state of a tank. It is one which is adapted to control the al signals, can be opened and closed easily flow path with a small force and is suitable for remote operation and automatic control.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

1 and 2 are cross-sectional conceptual views of a fluid switching device for carrying out the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a flow path is closed.
FIG. 2 shows a state where the flow path is opened.

This opening / closing device also has a structure in which the main valve 7 is advanced and retracted by the shaft 4 operated by the piston 3 of the air cylinder 2. When the main valve 7 is lowered as shown in FIG. Is closed, and the opening 8 is opened when the main valve 7 is raised as shown in FIG. 2, as in the switching device described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

However, in the present invention, the main valve 7 is provided with a small passage 9 connected to the back of the main valve 7 as a gap around the shaft 4, and the back passage 14 of the chamber A behind the main valve 7 is provided with an auxiliary passage 10. ,
It is also provided around the shaft 4, and the sub-path 10 is connected to the outlet side H2 by a bypass 15.

Further, the small passage 9 provided in the main valve 7 is provided in the shaft 4.
And a sub-valve 12 for opening and closing the sub-path 10.

And the direction in which the shaft 4 closes the main valve (lower in the figure)
When the operation starts, the small valve 11 for opening and closing the small passage 9 provided in the main valve 7 is first opened, and the main valve 7 and the sub passage 10 are opened and closed only when the shaft 4 is further operated in the same direction. When the sub-valve 12 is closed and the shaft 4 starts to move in the direction to open the main valve 7, the small valve 11 provided in the main valve 7 for opening and closing the small passage 9 is closed, and the shaft is further closed. The structure is such that the main valve 7 and the sub-valve 12 for opening and closing the sub-path 10 are opened only when operated in the direction.

As can be seen from FIG. 1 in the above embodiment, a step 13 for contacting the main valve 7 and pushing it down is provided at an appropriate position of the shaft 4, and the small valve 11
And the sub-valve 12, the small valve 11 is brought into contact with the small passage 9 of the main valve 7 when the shaft is raised to the uppermost position as shown in FIG. Plug this,
Between the main valve 7 and the step 13 of the shaft 4 and between the sub-path 10 and the sub-valve
12, there is a margin, and as shown in FIG. 1, when the shaft 4 is at the lowest position, the shaft 4
The upper step 13 abuts on the main valve 7 and pushes it down, and the sub-valve 12 abuts on the sub-path 10 to close it, but between the small passage 9 and the small valve 11 provided in the main valve 7. Was designed with dimensions that allow for a marginal positional relationship, but the structure of the present invention is not limited to the above, and as described below, if the opening and closing of each valve and each passage is performed in the above order, Good.

The structure of the fluid switching device according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has been described above. Next, the operation and action of the fluid opening / closing device will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, when the shaft 4 is depressed by the air cylinder 2 from the uppermost position, first, the small valve 11 separates from the small passage 9 of the main valve 7 and opens the small passage 9. The fluid in the valve chamber 1 flows out behind the main valve 7. Only when the shaft 4 is further lowered does the step 13 of the shaft 4 come into contact with the main valve 7 and push it down, while the sub-valve 12 on the shaft 4 comes into contact with the sub-path 10 to close it. Become.

In this step, the small valve 11 first enters the valve chamber 1. However, since the small valve 11 has a small volume, the small valve 11 is less likely to receive resistance due to the pressure of the fluid in the valve chamber 1. Moreover, at that time, since the small passage 9 is opened, the fluid in the valve chamber 1
Since the fluid flows out behind the main valve 7 through the small passage 9, the pressure of the fluid does not become an obstacle when the main valve 7 is lowered thereafter. Then, the main valve 7 is completely lowered to close the opening 8, and the sub-valve 12 also closes the sub-path 10, so that the first
As shown in the figure, the fluid passage from the hose H1 to the hose H2 is completely closed.

Next, when the shaft 4 is lifted upward from the state shown in FIG. 1, the small valve 11 first rises and abuts and closes the small passage 9 of the main valve 7, and the sub valve 12 is Will open this apart from you. Then, only when the shaft 4 is further raised, the main valve 7 is pulled up by the small valve 11.

In this step, at the time when the main valve starts to rise, the small passage is already closed, so that the pressure of the fluid from the hose H1 acts in a direction that assists the rise of the main valve 7 rather, At this time, since the sub-path 10 leading to the chamber A behind the main valve 7 and the hose H2 on the receiving side is open, the fluid in the room A behind the main valve rarely hinders the rise of the main valve. .

However, also in the present invention, it seems that it is inevitable that a larger force is required when the flow path for the pressurized fluid is closed than when the flow path is opened. And a spring 16 and a spring 17 for urging the main valve 7 downward. These springs assist the force of the shaft 4 and the main valve 7 to move in the direction to close the flow path, thereby opening the flow path. And the force that closes it.

The present invention may be configured to move the shaft forward and backward by the solenoid. The illustration is omitted because it is the same as that in the above-mentioned air cylinder, but in this case as well, the initial actuation driving force can be reduced by opening and closing the small valve first, as described above. Even less solenoids will suffice.

Second Embodiment A description will be given of a device in which the present invention is used for automatic control of fluid pressure feeding.

In the step of pumping the fluid as already described with reference to FIG. 3, a sensor S is provided in the receiving tank T2. The sensor S detects that the water level in T2 is almost full due to the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the pressure collecting vessel 18 having an inverted funnel shape, and transmits this to the controller C by an electric signal. The opening and closing device V is configured to be closed by an air cylinder 2 attached to the opening and closing device V.

The signal for automatic control is not limited to an electric signal. For example, the pressure in the container is directly sent from the pressure collecting container 18 to the controller C via a duct, and the controller C is operated to switch a valve such as an air cylinder. For example, various means similar to a well-known automatic control device can be used. Of course,
The shape of the pressure collecting container is not necessarily limited to the inverted funnel shape, but may be a cylindrical shape or the like.

(Other Embodiments) The structure of the fluid switching device of the present invention is not necessarily limited to each of the above embodiments, but may be any other structure as long as the above valves operate in the above order. Even if the valves do not have the positional relationship as described in the above embodiment, for example, only the small valve 11 and the sub-valve 12 are fixed to the shaft 4 and the structure between the shaft 4 and the main valve 7 is bridged by a spring. Thereby, the structure which operates each valve in the above-mentioned order may be sufficient.

Of course, when the main valve descends, the fluid passage opens,
The present invention can be applied to an opening / closing device having a structure in which a fluid passage is closed when the main valve is raised. Even in that case, the opening and closing order of each valve may be the same as above.

Further, the small passages and the sub-paths in the above embodiment need not always be provided around the shaft, and the small valve and the sub-valve for opening and closing these may not be structured to be directly attached to the shaft.

[Effect of the invention]

The present invention is configured as described above, and in the above embodiment, when the flow path is closed or when the flow path is opened, for the reason already described as the operation of the fluid switching device according to the present invention. However, the pressure of the fluid does not greatly obstruct the opening and closing of the valve, and there is an escape area for the fluid in the room behind the valve, and the fluid that escapes to the escape area for the fluid is not discharged to the atmosphere but passes to the receiving tank. Because
There is no need to increase the sealing between the valve and the valve wall so much,
In addition to the fact that it is useful for preventing air pollution and the above advantages are combined, there is an effect that the valve can be opened and closed with extremely small force.

Therefore, it is also suitable for remote control and automatic control of fluid transport, and particularly when combined with an air cylinder or combined with a solenoid, it operates reliably even if the output of each actuator is small. Remote control or automatic control will be possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of a fluid switching device for carrying out the present invention, FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of fluid pressure feeding, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional fluid switching device. In the figure, 1: Valve chamber, 2 : Air cylinder, 3 piston, 4: Shaft,
5: Conventional valve, 6: Valve side wall, 7: Main valve for implementing the present invention,
8: Opening, 9: Small passage, 10: Secondary passage, 11: Small valve, 12: Secondary valve, 13:
Step provided on shaft, 14: back wall of chamber A behind main valve, 1
5: Bypass, 16, 17: Spring, 18: Pressure collecting vessel, H1 and H2: Hose, T1, T2: Tank, A: Chamber behind main valve, P: Pump, V:
A switching device and C: a controller are shown.

Claims (4)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] (1) An externally moving shaft moves back and forth.
In an opening / closing device having a structure for moving a main valve that opens and closes a fluid flow path, a small passage communicating with the main valve behind the main valve, and a sub-path communicating with the fluid outflow side in a chamber behind the main valve are provided. Starts operating in the direction to close the main valve, first opens the small valve that opens and closes the small passage provided in the main valve, and opens and closes the main valve and the sub passage only when the shaft further operates in the same direction. When the auxiliary valve closes and the shaft starts operating in the direction to open the main valve, first, the small valve that opens and closes the small passage provided in the main valve closes, and when the shaft further operates in the same direction. For the first time, a fluid on-off device configured to open a main valve and a sub-valve for opening and closing the sub-path. 2. The fluid switching device according to claim 1, wherein the shaft is operated by an air cylinder. 3. The fluid opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the shaft is operated by a solenoid. 4. The fluid opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the operation of the opening / closing shaft is controlled by a signal from a device detecting a full state of the fluid receiving tank.