JP2504706B2 - Machine tool tool changer - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a straight shank type tool changer for a machine tool having a W axis.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a tool for a spindle of a machine tool is clamped by pulling a draw bar incorporated in the spindle upward by a disc spring and applying a gripping force to the tool to a collet portion located below the draw bar.

By the way, in order to unclamp the tool, in order to push down the draw bar against the disc spring force, it is performed by screwing by rotating a rotating nut with a motor, or by using a hydraulic cylinder. It has a means called pressing.

[0004]

However, in order to provide such means, not only an extra device and an actuator are required, but also wiring and piping for operating devices such as motors and hydraulics around the spindle head. Therefore, the size around the spindle head must be increased.

On the other hand, on the spindle head side, the rotary feed shafts A and C and W
A so-called multi-axis control machine tool having a linear motion auxiliary feed axis such as a shaft is often used as a machine tool for a workpiece having a complex shape having a free curved surface. Since the problem of interference between the spindle and the work is likely to occur during machining, there is a strong demand for downsizing around the spindle head, and space saving for wiring and piping for a complicatedly movable spindle. Also, clamps for straight shank type tools,
When performing unclamping, a device for positioning in the axial direction is used.
Need a storage.

According to the present invention, the spindle head is moved beyond the normal stroke of the W axis, and the extra stroke is used to push down or return the drawbar against the disc spring force .
And unclamping using the movement of the W axis
Straight shank type despite being a tool changer of the type
Maintains good repeatability of the mounting length of the tool on the spindle.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above conventional problems.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is configured as follows to achieve the above object. Bearing a spindle in the main shaft head, transmural insert the draw bar in the spindle, the draw bar tip collet for when bunch tool straight shank provided imparts a biasing force to always backwards the draw bar the collet the by tightening straight Shah of the tool
Clamping the link portion, in and against the biasing force to move the drawbar forward to release the collet tool changer of a machine tool for unclamping the tool, the machine tool X axis, Y axis, At least 4 W axes that can be aligned parallel to the Z axis and any one of the X, Y, and Z axes
A direct-acting feed shaft of a shaft, and the spindle head is driven and driven by the W-axis on a W-axis base in parallel with the axis of the spindle.
The W-axis base is feed-driven by a feed shaft that is at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis and that is parallel to the W-axis, and is attached to the W-axis base with the rear end of the drawbar. A contact portion that pushes the draw bar forward with
Only in the unclamp mode, the W-axis can be moved further rearward than the rear stroke end of the W-axis normal stroke region, and the rear end of the drawbar and the abutting portion of the W-axis base are brought into contact with each other to resist the biasing force. It presses the drawbar forward to the front to release the collet
When the tool is unclamped and unclamped,
While the rear end of the drawbar is in contact with the W-axis base,
Between the W axis and another feed axis parallel to the W axis
Move them so that the position of the collet does not change.
Tool changer of the machine tool, characterized by being configured to so that is moved synchronously by rotation amount in the opposite direction.

[0008]

According to the present invention, at the rear stroke end of the spindle head, the rear end of the drawbar provided on the spindle head engages with the abutting portion provided on the W-axis base, and the displacement of the rear end of the drawbar is stopped. Nevertheless, since the spindle head is further displaced rearward by the W axis, the draw bar is pushed forward against the spindle against the biasing force, and therefore the collet portion at the lower end of the draw bar does not grip the straight shank type tool. It is released and the tool can be changed. Gap occurs between the drawbar rear end W axis base of the abutment portion when ask the spindle head after tool change advanced by the W-axis, but the new tool is gripped by the collet portion by the urging force, since the tool change When the W-axis is moved, the other feed axes parallel to the W-axis are synchronized and moved in the opposite directions by the same movement amount, enabling straight shank type tool exchange without changing the position of the collet part. Convenient for tool change.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an enlarged cross-sectional view of the periphery of a spindle head according to the present invention and FIG. 2 is a stray according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a clamp and unclamp stroke of a toshank type tool, FIG. 3 is a front view of a portal machine tool to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG.

As shown in the drawings, the portal machine tool 1 includes columns 4, which are erected on both sides of a table 3 on a bed 2.
5, cross beam 6 above it, saddle 7 provided on the cross beam 6 and sliding in the horizontal direction (Y direction), saddle 7
The ram 8 which is provided on the lower side of the ram 8 and slides up and down (Z direction) with respect to the saddle 7 A with a C-axis mounted so as to rotate about the Z-axis
A W-axis base 1 having an A-axis so as to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the Z-axis with respect to the axis base 10 and the A-axis base 10.
1. A spindle head 12 slidably attached to a rail 11a provided on the W-axis base 11 via a linear motion bearing 12a.

To explain further, the table 3 is the bed 2
Upward linear movement in the X direction, saddle 7 linear movement in the Y direction on the cross beam 6, ram 8 linear movement in the Z direction on the saddle 7, A-axis base 10 C-axis base 9 (fixed to the ram lower end) In contrast, the C axis is rotated ± (180 + α °), the W-axis base 11 is rotated ± (90 + α °) in the A direction with respect to the A-axis base 10, and the spindle head 12 is on the W-axis base 11 in the W direction, that is, the axis line of the spindle 13. It is configured to move linearly in the direction. This portal machine tool 1 is suitable for a rib groove processing machine for processing a rib groove on a die having a free curved surface.

In FIG. 1 showing the structure of a tool changer according to the present invention, reference numeral 13 is a spindle, and 14 is a straight shank.
C-shaped tool, 15 is a built-in motor, 16 is a draw bar, 16a is a collet part, 17 is a disc spring, 18 is a stopper, and the upper end of the W-axis base 11 is bent into a hook shape so as to contact the contact part 11b of the draw bar 16. When the tool unclamp mode is set, the spindle head 12 rises beyond the normal stroke area, and the upper end of the draw bar 16 is brought into contact with the contact portion 11.
When locked with b, the drawbar 16 cannot be further raised, but the spindle head 12 continues to rise, so that the collet portion 16a at the lower end opens against the spring force of the disc spring 17 and the tool 1
The grip of No. 4 is released, and replacement is performed.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the stroke of the spindle head 12 in the W-axis direction according to the present invention. When a rib groove having a depth of 30 mm is machined, the normal stroke area of the spindle head 12 on the W-axis base 11 is as follows. The spindle head is displaced within this range within a marginal movement amount of 20 mm + rib groove depth of 30 mm of 50 mm.

The unclamp area of the tool is 5 mm, and the spindle head can be moved to the unclamp area only in the tool changing mode. In addition, the drawbar 16 and the spindle 13
(Or spindle head 12), the pressing margin of the disc spring 17 is 1
mm. In addition, in order to prevent the situation in which the spindle head 12 moves beyond the unclamping area of the straight shank type tool and damages the device, there is a gap between the W-axis direction base 11 and the spindle head 12. A dog and a limit switch (LS) are provided as needed.

In short, in the present invention, the straight shank type tool is utilized by utilizing the stroke of the spindle head 12 which is displaced in the W-axis direction via the linear bearing 12a on the W-axis direction base 11 having the A rotary shaft. The unclamping is done as follows. A stroke for tool unclamping is added to the W axis in addition to the normal stroke. The W-axis moves to the unclamp area only in the tool unclamp mode (when the W-axis enters the unclamp area outside the unclamp mode, before the drawbar 16 and the contact portion 11b come into contact with each other due to the LS signal or the like. Stop immediately and do not drop the gripping tool). In the tool unclamping operation, the W-axis movement is used as a linear actuator to press the draw bar 16 having the collet portion 16a at the lower end of the contact portion 11b of the W-axis base 11 to compress the disc spring 17 for clamping. The method to let

[0016] In addition, at the time of unclamp operation, the drawbar
Position of the collet part 16a by synchronizing the W axis with another linear motion axis (for example, Z axis) (the amount of movement is the same but the direction of movement is opposite) until the contact between the contact portion 16 and the contact portion 11b occurs. The unclamping operation of the straight shank type tool 14 is possible without the displacement of the tool. This makes it straight
Good repeatability of the mounting length of the shank type tool on the spindle
The automatic tool change operation maintained at is possible. During machining, the spindle head 12 swivels in various directions by the A or C axis, but when changing tools, position so that any one of the X, Y, Z, and axes is parallel to the W axis. It goes without saying that they will be matched. One of these axes is determined in advance at the time of design.

[0017]

According to the present invention, by utilizing the shaft feed means of the spindle head in the W-axis direction as an actuator for unclamping a straight shank type tool , as in the prior art, a motor or hydraulic equipment as an actuator and Since no wiring or piping is required for that purpose, the structure around the spindle head can be downsized, and the W axis can be synchronized with the other linear motion axes parallel to the W axis by the same movement amount but opposite movement directions. Prevents the collet position from shifting
Since the unclamping operation of the toshank type tool is possible, it is possible to obtain a machine tool that is easily compatible with ATC and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an enlarged cross-sectional view around a spindle head of a machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a tool clamp and unclamp stroke according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a portal machine tool to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 6-axis control machine tool 2 bed 3 table 4,5 column 6 cross beam 7 saddle 8 ram 9 C-axis base 10 A-axis base 11 W-axis base 11b contact part 12 spindle head 12a linear bearing 13 spindle 14 straight shank type Tool 15 Built-in motor 16 Drawbar 16a Collet part

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A main shaft is supported in a main spindle head, a draw bar is inserted through the main shaft, and a straight shank is provided at the end of the draw bar.
Provided collet for when bunch the click of the tool, by tightening the collet portion to impart a biasing force to always backward to the draw bar to clamp the straight shank portion of the tool, the against the biasing force drawbar in the tool changer of the machine tool unclamping the tool by releasing the move the collet forward, the machine tool X axis, Y axis, one of the first Z-axis and the X, Y, Z-axis The spindle head has at least four linear motion feed shafts that can be aligned parallel to the shaft, and the spindle head is driven and driven by the W axis on the W axis base in parallel with the axis of the spindle. The shaft base is feed-driven by a feed shaft that is at least one of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis and that is parallel to the W-axis. Abutment that pushes the drawbar forward Is provided so that the W-axis can be moved further rearward than the rear stroke end of the W-axis normal stroke region only in the unclamp mode, and the rear end of the drawbar and the abutting portion of the W-axis base are brought into contact with each other, whereby presses the drawbar forward against the biasing force, the tool is unclamped by releasing the collet, when the unclamp operation,
Between the rear end of the drawbar and the W-axis base contact
Between the W axis and another feed axis parallel to the W axis
And the same so that the position of the collet does not change.
Tool changer of the machine tool, characterized by being configured to so that is moved synchronously with the movement amount by the opposite direction.