JP2021532172A - 疾患を治療するための化合物、組成物及び方法 - Google Patents
疾患を治療するための化合物、組成物及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
を特徴とする。
本明細書で使用する場合、冠詞「a」及び「an」は、該冠詞の文法上の目的語が1つ又は1つ超(例えば、少なくとも1つ)であることを指す。
本明細書において提示されている開示は、対象、例えば、微生物感染(例えば、ウイルス感染、細菌感染、真菌感染又は寄生虫感染)又は増殖性疾患(例えば、癌)を有する対象において、PRR発現(例えば、STING発現)を活性化及び誘導する方法を特徴とする。
本開示は、対象(例えば、微生物感染(例えば、ウイルス感染、細菌感染、真菌感染又は寄生虫感染)又は増殖性疾患(例えば、癌)を有する対象)において、PRR発現(例えば、STING発現)を誘導する化合物及び方法であって、有効量の式(I)の化合物又はその薬学的に許容される塩若しくは立体異性体を投与するステップを含む化合物及び方法を特徴とする。
本開示は、有効量の式(I)の化合物又はその薬学的に許容される塩若しくは立体異性体を投与することによる、対象におけるPRR(例えばSTING)の発現を誘導するための方法に関する。一部の実施形態では、対象は、以下に記載されている状態、例えばウイルス感染(例えばウイルス潜伏)、細菌感染、癌(例えば増殖性疾患)に罹患していることがある。
パターン認識受容体、例えばSTING、RIG-I及びNOD2は、様々な異なるウイルス科に属するRNAウイルスの大多数の宿主認識における重要な因子となることが示されている。一部の実施形態では、本明細書において開示されているPRR(例えばSTING)の発現を誘導する方法は、有効量の式(I)の化合物又はその薬学的に許容される塩若しくは立体異性体を、微生物感染に感染している対象に投与することを含む。一部の実施形態では、微生物感染はウイルスである。一部の実施形態では、ウイルスは、RNAウイルス(例えば二本鎖RNA(dsRNA)ウイルス、一本鎖RNA(ssRNA)ウイルス(例えばプラス鎖(センス)ssRNAウイルス又はマイナス鎖(アンチセンス)ssRNAウイルス)、又はssRNAレトロウイルス)、又はDNAウイルス(例えばdsDNAウイルス、ssDNAウイルス又はdsDNAレトロウイルス)である。一部の実施形態では、ウイルスは、例えば、Baltimore分類システムに従う、ウイルスのグループI、グループII、グループIII、グループIV、グループV、グループVI又はグループVIIのクラスとすることができる。
近年の検討により、PRR(例えばSTING)は、様々な種に起因する細菌感染の宿主認識において、重要な役割を果たしていることが示されている(Dixit, E.及びKagan, J.C. Adv Immunol(2013年)117巻:99〜125頁)。一部の場合、細菌は、対数増殖期(例えば、リステリア・モノサイトゲネス(Listeria monocytogenes);Abdullah, Z.ら、EMBO J(2012年)31巻:4153〜4164頁)の間に核酸を分泌することがあり、この核酸は、ひいては、PRR、例えばRIG-Iにより検出され、したがって、さらなるPRR発現の誘導を促進する。他の場合、例えばレジオネラ・ニューモフィラ(Legionella pneumophila)の場合、細菌のDNAは、感染の過程にサイトゾルに侵入し、RIG-Iに対するRNAリガンドに転写され(Chiu, Y. H.ら、Cell (2009年) 138巻:576〜591頁)、したがって、下流のPRRが媒介するシグナル伝達事象を誘発する。PRR発現(例えばSTING発現)は、細菌の食作用による取り込みの間に放出されたRNAの認識時にさらに誘導され得る。さらに、細菌細胞壁構成要素、例えばペプチドグリカン(例えばムラミルジペプチド、すなわちMDP)は、PRR、すなわちNOD2を活性化及び誘導するためのリガンドとして働くことができ、細菌に由来する核酸、例えば環式ジヌクレオチド(例えば環式ジ-GMP)は、PRR、特にSTINGに結合して、これを活性化することができる。一部の実施形態では、1つ以上のPRRの発現は、本明細書において明示的に列挙されていない他の手段により誘導されてもよい。
進行性固形腫瘍を有する多数の患者が、免疫療法に対する予後及び臨床応答の予測となる、自発的にT細胞が浸潤された腫瘍微小環境を示す。最近の知見によると、サイトゾルDNAセンシングのSTING経路は、腫瘍状況において、I型IFN産生を推進する重要な自然免疫センシング機構であることが示唆されている。この経路の認識は、新規な免疫治療戦略のさらなる開発に指針を与えている。
本開示の化合物(例えば、式(I)の化合物)は、単独で投与されてもよいが、本化合物が1種以上の薬学的に許容される希釈剤、賦形剤又は担体と組み合わされた医薬組成物又は製剤として、前記化合物を投与することが好ましい。本開示による化合物は、ヒト又は獣医学的医薬において使用するため、任意の好都合な方法で投与するよう製剤化され得る。ある種の実施形態では、本医薬調製物中に含まれる化合物は、それ自体、活性であってもよく、又は例えば生理的環境において活性化合物に変換され得るプロドラッグであってもよい。選択される投与経路に関わらず、好適な水和物形態であってもよい本開示の化合物、及び/又は本開示の医薬組成物は、以下に記載されているもののような薬学的に許容される剤形に製剤化されるか、又は当業者に公知の他の従来の方法によって製剤化される。
本明細書に記載されている方法に使用される化合物及び組成物は、当業者によって理解される通り、選択された投与経路に応じて、様々な形態で対象に投与されてもよい。本明細書に記載されている方法に使用される組成物の例示的な投与経路には、局所施用、腸溶施用又は非経口施用が含まれる。局所施用には、以下に限定されないが、経皮、吸入、浣腸、点眼剤、点耳剤、及び身体の粘膜を介する施用が含まれる。腸溶施用には、経口投与、直腸投与、膣投与及び胃栄養チューブが挙げられる。非経口投与には、静脈内、動脈内、嚢内、眼窩内、心臓内、皮内、経気管内、表皮下、関節内、被膜下、クモ膜下、髄腔内、硬膜外、幹内(intrastemal)、腹腔内、皮下、筋肉内、経上皮、鼻腔内、肺内、鞘内、直腸、及び局所投与様式が含まれる。非経口投与は、選択された期間にわたり連続注入によるものとすることができる。本開示のある種の実施形態では、式(I)の化合物を含む本明細書に記載されている組成物は、経口投与される。本開示の他の実施形態では、式(I)の化合物を含む本明細書に記載されている組成物は、非経口投与(例えば腹腔内)される。固形腫瘍の治療の場合、腫瘍への本化合物の直接注射もまた行われてもよい(例えば腫瘍内投与)ことが認識される。固形腫瘍の治療の場合、腫瘍への本化合物の直接注射もまた行われてもよい(例えば腫瘍内投与)ことが認識される。
本開示の組成物は、当業者に公知の従来の方法によって許容される投与形態に製剤化される。本開示の組成物(例えば式(I)の化合物)中の活性成分の実際の投与量レベルは、対象に対して毒性を示すことなく、特定の対象、組成物及び投与様式に関して、所望の治療的応答を達成するのに効果的な活性成分の量が得られるよう変えることができる。選択した投与量レベルは、使用される本開示の特定の組成物の活性、投与経路、投与時間、使用される特定の薬剤の吸収速度、治療期間、他の薬物、使用される特定の組成物と組み合わせて使用される物質及び/若しくは材料、治療される対象の年齢、性別、体重、状態、一般的な健康及び既往歴、並びに医療分野において周知の類似因子を含めた、様々な薬物動態因子に依存するであろう。当技術分野において通常の技量を有する医師又は獣医師は、必要とされる組成物の有効量を容易に決定及び処方することができる。例えば、医師又は獣医師は、所望の治療効果を実現するため、及び所望の効果が実現されるまで投与量を徐々に増加させるために必要とされる用量よりも少ないレベルの、組成物に使用される本開示の物質の用量を開始することができる。一般に、本開示の組成物の好適な1日分の用量は、治療作用を生じるのに有効な最低用量となる物質の量となろう。このような有効用量は、一般に、上で記載されている因子に依存するであろう。好ましくは、治療用組成物の有効な1日分の用量は、全日にわたり、場合により単位剤形で適切な間隔で個別に投与される2回分、3回分、4回分、5回分、6回分又はそれより多い部分用量として投与されてもよい。
本明細書に記載されている本開示の方法は、IFN、ISG及びサイトカインを産生するためにPRRを活性化するため、又はPRR(例えば、RIG-I、STINGなど)の発現をさらに誘導するため、式(I)の化合物又はその薬学的に許容される塩の対象への投与を必要とする。一部の実施形態では、対象は、ある状態、例えば増殖性疾患、例えば癌に罹患している、又はこれらの診断がされている。したがって、患者及び/又は対象は、対象が増殖性疾患、例えば癌に罹ったかどうかを判定するため、患者及び/又は対象を最初に評価することによって、式(I)の化合物又はその薬学的に許容される塩を使用する治療に選択され得る。対象は、当技術分野において公知の方法を使用して、増殖性疾患(例えば癌)に罹っていると評価され得る。対象はまた、例えば本明細書に記載されている化合物(例えば式(I)の化合物)又はその薬学的に許容される塩の投与後にモニタリングされ得る。
本明細書に記載されている化合物は、他の公知の治療法と組み合わせて使用されてもよい。「組み合わせて」投与されるとは、本明細書で使用する場合、2種(又はそれより多い)異なる治療が、障害による対象の苦痛の経過中に対象に送達されることを意味し、例えば、2種以上の治療は、対象が障害の診断を受けた後に、及び障害が治癒若しくはなくなる前に、又は治療が他の理由のために中止される前に送達される。一部の実施形態では、1つの治療の送達は第2のものの送達が開始している場合も依然として行われ、その結果、投与に関して重なりがある。これは、時に、「同時に」又は「並行送達」と本明細書において称される。他の実施形態では、1つの治療の送達は、他の治療の送達が開始される前に終了する。どちらか一方の場合の一部の実施形態では、治療は、併用投与のために一層、効果的となる。例えば、第2の治療の方が一層効果的となる、例えば第2の治療ほど等価な作用が観察されないか、又は第2の治療は、第2の治療が第1の治療の非存在下で行われた場合に観察されるものよりも大きな程度に症状を軽減させるか、又は類似の状況が第1の治療の場合に観察される。一部の実施形態では、送達は、症状、又は障害に関連する他のパラメータの低下が、他のものの非存在下で送達される1つの治療の場合に観察されると思われるものよりも大きくなるようなものである。2つの治療の作用は、部分的に相加的である、完全に相加的である、又は相加的なものより大きいものとなり得る。送達は、送達される第1の治療の作用が、第2のものが送達される場合に依然として検出可能であるようなものとすることができる。
3H-BD Iyer-Beaucage試薬
Ac アセチル
DCA ジクロロ酢酸
DCC N,N'-ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド
DCM ジクロロメタン
DMAP 4-ジメチルアミノピリジン
DMT ジメトキシトリチル
EtOAc 酢酸エチル
ETT 5-(エチルチオ)-1H-テトラゾール
h 時間
IPA イソプロピルアルコール
LCMS 液体クロマトグラフィー-質量分析法
MeOH メタノール
MSNT 1-メシチレン-2-スルホニル-3-ニトロ-1,2,4-トリアゾール
PTSA p-トルエンスルホン酸
Py ピリジン
r.t. 室温
TBHP Tert-ブチルヒドロペルオキシド
TEA トリエチルアミン
THF テトラヒドロフラン
TLC 薄層クロマトグラフィー
本開示の化合物の例示的な調製
中間体A1の例示的な合成
ヌクレオシド(A2、1.0000g、0.0027mmol、1当量)の無水ピリジン(20mL)溶液に、DMTCl(3、1.1798g、0.0035mmol、1.3当量)を加えた。この反応混合物に、触媒量のDMAP(0.0160g、5mol%)を加えて、アルゴン下、一晩撹拌した。この反応混合物を飽和NaHCO3でクエンチし、濃縮してピリジンを除去し、トルエンと共蒸発させた。残留物を塩化メチレン(CH2Cl2)に溶解し、得られた溶液を水で3回、次いでブラインで洗浄した。有機抽出物を無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水してろ過し、濃縮した。このように得られた粗生成物を3%トリエチルアミンの存在下、シリカゲルに吸収させて、combiflashにより0〜3%CH2Cl2で精製し、1.3900g(77%)の純粋なトリチル化ヌクレオシドA4が得られた。化合物をロードする前に、CombiflashカートリッジをCH2Cl2中の2%Et3Nを用いて平衡にした。
予め乾燥した100mLの丸底フラスコ中で、アルゴン下、A5(0.9940g、0.0062mol、3当量)を無水ジオキサン(15mL)に溶解した。この溶液に、N,N'-ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド(dicyclohexycarbodiimide)(DCC、0.6310g、0.0031モル、1.5当量)を加えた。さらなる分量のジオキサン(10mL)を加え、この反応混合物を室温で2時間撹拌した。オーブン乾燥して、アルゴン下で冷却したろ過装置により上記の混合物をろ過し、沈殿物を乾燥ジオキサン(10mL)で洗浄した。アルゴン下、ろ液をA4(1.3800g、0.0020mol、1当量)の無水ピリジン(10mL)溶液に加え、次いで触媒量のDMAP(0.0122g、5mol%)を加えた。この反応混合物を室温で一晩撹拌し、エステル化の完了をTLC(6%MeOH/CH2Cl2)によりモニタリングした。この反応混合物を真空下で濃縮し、トルエン(3×50mL)と共に蒸発させた。この残留物をCH2Cl2(100mL)に溶解して、水(2×30mL)、次いでブライン(30mL)で洗浄し、ろ過して濃縮し、A6が得られた。
脱トリチル化反応を行うためA6を次に持ち越した。この粗製残留物に約50mLの3%ジクロロ酢酸(DCA)/CH2Cl2を加え、次いで0.8mLのトリエチルシランを加えた。この反応混合物を1時間撹拌した。反応の進行は、6% MeOH/CH2Cl2を使用するTLCによってモニタリングした。反応の終わりに、水(50mL)を加え、この溶液を撹拌した。有機層及び水層を分離し、有機層を水(125mL)、NaHCO3(5%、3×50mL)、ブライン(50mL)により洗浄し、無水Na2SO4により脱水してろ過し、濃縮した。処理後の残留物をcombiflash(0〜10%MeOH/CH2Cl2)により精製し、0.3602g(37%)のA1を得た。
U-ヌクレオシド(A8、0.9500g、0.0039mmol、1当量)の無水ピリジン(20mL)溶液に、A3(1.6942g、0.0050mol、1.3当量)を加えた。この反応混合物に、DMAP(0.0100g、2mol%)を加え、アルゴン下で、一晩撹拌した。この反応混合物を飽和NaHCO3でクエンチし、濃縮してピリジンを除去し、トルエンと共蒸発させた。こうして得られた残留物を塩化メチレンに溶解し、得られた溶液を水で3回、次いでブラインで洗浄した。有機抽出物を無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水してろ過し、濃縮した。このようして得られた生成物を3%トリエチルアミンの存在下、シリカゲルに吸収させて、combiflashにより0〜8%CH2Cl2で精製し、A9(1.5293g、73%)が得られた。化合物をロードする前に、CombiflashカートリッジをCH2Cl2中の3%Et3Nを用いて平衡にした。
ホスフィチル化反応は、厳密な無水条件下で行われなければならない。A9(1.5100g、0.0027mmol、1当量)を無水塩化メチレンに溶解し、無水トルエンで3回共蒸発させて、高真空下で一晩置いた。真空をアルゴン下で解除し、この化合物を無水CH2Cl2(25mL)にさらに溶解し、次いでHunigs塩基(1.5mL、0.0083mol、3当量)を加えた。この反応混合物を氷浴中で冷却し、Cl-ホスフィチル化試薬(1.0g、0.0045mol、1.5当量)を加えて、室温で1時間撹拌した。この反応混合物を飽和NaHCO3溶液でクエンチし、100mLのCH2Cl2で抽出した。水層をCH2Cl2(2×50mL)でさらに抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物を水で2回(2×200mL)、次いでブラインで洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで脱水してろ過し、真空下で濃縮した。この物質を3%のEt3Nの存在下、フラッシュシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製した。シリカカラムを3%のEt3Nの存在下、50%EA/ヘキサンで平衡にした。この生成物を最小量の50%EA/ヘキサンに溶解し、60%EA/ヘキサンで溶出した。A7(1.2000g、50%)。
A1(0.3536g、0.0011mol、1当量)及びA7(0.7860g、0.0011mmol、1.3当量)をアセトニトリル及びCH2Cl2と共に3回共蒸発させて、高真空下で一晩維持した。真空は、常にアルゴン下で解除した。40mLの無水CH2Cl2及びアセトニトリルからなる1:1混合物を加えて、濁りのない溶液にし、次いで5-エチルチオテトラゾール(ETT)溶液(4.2mL、0.25M、1.3当量)を加えた。このカップリング反応を5時間行い、この反応の進行をTLCによりモニタリングした(5%MeOH/CH2Cl2)。
上記のカップリング反応混合物にキサンテンヒドリド(0.2250g、0.0015mol、2当量)を加え、一晩撹拌した。この反応混合物を遠心分離して、固体を除去した。このようにして得られた溶液を濃縮してアセトニトリルを除去し、水とCH2Cl2との間に分配した。有機抽出物を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液、次いで水及びブラインにより洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水し、真空下で濃縮してA11が得られた。
A11をDCM30mLに溶解し、この溶液に、2mLのMeOHに溶解したp-トルエンスルホン酸(5%)を加え、0℃で45分間撹拌した。この反応混合物に水を加え、室温で20分間撹拌した。この反応混合物をCH2Cl2により抽出した。CH2Cl2層を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液、次いで水及びブラインによりさらに洗浄し、無水MgSO4で脱水してろ過して、約3mLの体積になるまで濃縮した。沈殿させるため、この溶液に室温でヘキサンを加えた。この溶液をデカンテーションし、こうして得られた固体をヘキサンでさらに2回洗浄し、0.4142g(65%)のジヌクレオチドA10を白色固体として得た。次のデレブニゼーション(delevunization)工程のために、A10をさらなる精製を何ら行うことなく持ち越した。
ジヌクレオチド(A12、0.2000g、0.0003mol、1当量)を無水アセトニトリル(3×40mL)と共蒸発させて、濁りのない溶液とするためにCH2Cl2をいくらか加え、高真空下で乾燥して、アルゴンを3回勢いよく流し、無水アセトニトリルと無水CH2Cl2(4:1、25mL)との混合物に溶解した。
不活性雰囲気下で、A12の溶液に2-シアノエチルテトラ-イソプロピルホスホロジアミダイト(0.084mL、0.0003mol、1当量)を加え、次いで1時間かけて、4分量の無水アセトニトリル中の0.45M ETT(0.6mL、0.0003mol、1当量)を加えた。この溶液を室温で4時間撹拌した。
ホスホルアミダイト(phsophoramidite)の混合物に無水アセトニトリル中の0.45M ETT(1.2mL、0.0006mol、2当量)を加え、室温で17時間撹拌した。
環化生成物の撹拌溶液にtert-ブチルヒドロペルオキシド(ノナン中の5〜6M、0.13mL、0.0006mol、2当量)を室温で滴下して加え、この反応混合物を30分間撹拌した。この反応混合物を減圧下で蒸発させて、アセトニトリルを除去し、残留物をCH2Cl2/MeOHに溶解することによってシリカゲル上に吸収させて、0〜10%のMeOH/CH2Cl2を使用するCombiflashによって精製し、A13(0.0520g、60%)が白色固体として得られた。
本明細書において引用されている特許、特許出願及び刊行物の各々の開示は、それらの全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれている。本開示は、特定の態様を参照して説明されてきたが、他の態様及び変形は、本開示の真の趣旨及び範囲から逸脱することなく、当業者によって考案され得ることは明らかである。添付の特許請求の範囲は、このようなすべての態様及び等価な変形を含むと解釈されることが意図されている。本明細書において参照により組み込まれているといわれる、特許、刊行物、又は他の開示資料のいずれかの全体又は一部が、組み込まれている資料が、既存の定義、記述、又は本開示において記載されている他の開示資料と矛盾しない程度でのみ本明細書に組み込まれている。したがって、及び必要な程度に、本明細書に明示的に記載されている開示は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれている矛盾する資料に優先する。
Claims (49)
- 式(I)の化合物:
(式中、
Zは、S又はOのどちらか一方であり、
B1及びB2はそれぞれ独立して、プリニル核酸塩基又はピリミジニル核酸塩基であり、
X1及びX2はそれぞれ独立して、O又はSであり、
Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立して、O、S又はNR5であり、
L1及びL2はそれぞれ独立して、存在しない、C1〜C6アルキル又はC1〜C6ヘテロアルキルであり、アルキル及びヘテロアルキルはそれぞれ、R6により場合により置換されており、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素、ハロ、-CN、C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)又はOR7であり、
R3及びR4はそれぞれ独立して、水素、C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、C1〜C20ヘテロアルキル(例えばC1〜C6ヘテロアルキル)、OC(O)OC1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アリール及びヘテロアリールはそれぞれ、1つ以上のR8により場合により置換されており、
R5は、水素又はC1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)であり、
R6は、ハロ、-CN、C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、OR7、オキソ、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、アルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アリール及びヘテロアリールはそれぞれ、1つ以上のR9により場合により置換されており、
R7は、水素、C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、アルキル、シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、アリール及びヘテロアリールはそれぞれ、1つ以上のR9により場合により置換されており、
R8はそれぞれ独立して、C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、C1〜C20ヘテロアルキル、C(O)-C1〜C20アルキル、OC(O)-C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、C(O)O-C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、OC(O)O-C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、C(O)N(R5)-C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、N(R5)C(O)-C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、OC(O)N(R5)-C1〜C20アルキル(例えばC1〜C6アルキル)、O-アリール、O-ヘテロアリール、C(O)-アリール、C(O)-ヘテロアリール、OC(O)-アリール、C(O)O-アリール、OC(O)-ヘテロアリール、C(O)O-ヘテロアリール、C(O)O-アリール、C(O)O-ヘテロアリール、C(O)N(R5)-アリール、C(O)N(R5)-ヘテロアリール、N(R5)C(O)-アリール、N(R5)2C(O)-アリール又はN(R5)C(O)-ヘテロアリール、又はS(O)2N(R5)-アリールであり、アルキル、ヘテロアルキル、アリール及びヘテロアリールはそれぞれ、1つ以上のR9により場合により置換されており、
R9はそれぞれ独立して、C1〜C20アルキル、O-C1〜C20アルキル、C1〜C20ヘテロアルキル、ハロ、-CN、OH、オキソ、アリール、ヘテロアリール、O-アリール又はO-ヘテロアリールである)。 - ZがOである、請求項1又は2に記載の化合物。
- ZがSである、請求項1又は2に記載の化合物。
- B1がプリニル核酸塩基であり、B2がピリミジニル核酸塩基である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- B1がアデノシニル又はグアノシニルであり、B2がシトシニル、チミニル又はウラシリルである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- B1がアデノシニルであり、B2がウラシリルである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- B2がプリニル核酸塩基であり、B1がピリミジニル核酸塩基である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- B2がアデノシニル又はグアノシニルであり、B1がシトシニル、チミニル又はウラシリルである、請求項1から4、及び8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- B2がアデノシニルであり、B1がウラシリルである、請求項1から4、8及び9のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1及びR2がそれぞれ独立して、水素、ハロ又はOR7である、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1及びR2がそれぞれ独立して、ハロ(例えばフルオロ)である、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R1及びR2がそれぞれ、水素でもOR7でもない、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- X1及びX2がそれぞれ独立して、Oである、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y1及びY2がそれぞれ独立して、O又はSである、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y1又はY2の一方がOであり、Y1又はY2のもう一方がSである、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y1及びY2がそれぞれ独立して、Sである、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y1及びY2がそれぞれ独立して、Oである、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- L1及びL2がそれぞれ独立して、C1からC6アルキル(例えばCH2)である、請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3及びR4がそれぞれ独立して、水素、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、アリール及びヘテロアリールが、1〜5つのR8により場合により置換されている、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3がアリール又はヘテロアリールであり、これらがそれぞれ、1〜5つのR8により場合により置換されており、R4が水素である、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3が、1つのR8により置換されているフェニルであり、R4が水素である、請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R3及びR4がそれぞれ独立して、1つのR8により置換されているフェニルである、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y1及びY2がそれぞれOであり、R3及びR4がそれぞれ独立して、水素である、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y2がOであり、R4が水素である、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y1及びY2がそれぞれ独立して、Sであり、R3及びR4がそれぞれ、1つのR8により独立して置換されている、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Y1がSであり、R3が、1つのR8により置換されている、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R8が、1〜5つのR9(例えば、1つのR9)により場合により置換されているOC(O)-アリールである、請求項1から27のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R8が、1〜5つのR9(例えば、1つのR9)により場合により置換されているC(O)-アリールである、請求項1から27のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R9が、O-C1〜C12アルキル(例えば、O-CH2(CH2)8CH3)である、請求項28又は29に記載の化合物。
- 対象における癌を治療する方法であって、対象に治療有効量の請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 癌が、乳房、骨、脳、子宮頸部、結腸、胃腸管、眼、胆嚢、リンパ節、血液、肺、肝臓、皮膚、口、前立腺、卵巣、陰茎、膵臓、子宮、睾丸、胃、胸腺、甲状腺又は身体の他の部分の癌である、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 癌が肝臓の癌である、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 腫瘍内投与を含む、請求項32から34のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 経口投与を含む、請求項32から35のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 非経口投与(例えば、静脈内、皮下、腹腔内又は筋肉内投与)を含む、請求項32から35のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 非経口投与が腹腔内投与を含む、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 追加の薬剤(例えば、抗癌剤)の投与をさらに含む、請求項32から38のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 追加の薬剤が、メトトレキセート、5-フルオロウラシル、ドキソルビシン、ビンクリスチン、ブレオマイシン、ビンブラスチン、ダカルバジン、トポシド、シスプラチン、エピルビシン又はソラフェニブトシル酸塩を含む、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 対象における免疫調節のパターン認識受容体(PRR)の発現を誘導する方法であって、対象に治療有効量の請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 癌を有する対象における免疫調節のパターン認識受容体の発現を誘導して、治療的応答を誘導する方法であって、対象に治療有効量の請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 対象における免疫応答を誘導する方法であって、対象に治療有効量の請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 免疫応答が抗腫瘍免疫を含む、請求項43に記載の方法。
- 免疫応答が、PRR(例えばSTING、RIG-I、MDA5)の誘導を含む、請求項43又は44に記載の方法。
- 対象における微生物感染を治療する方法であって、対象に治療有効量の請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 微生物感染に罹患している対象におけるパターン認識受容体の発現を誘導する方法であって、対象に治療有効量の請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- 対象におけるウイルス感染を治療する方法であって、対象に治療有効量の請求項1から31のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を投与するステップを含む、方法。
- ウイルス感染が、C型肝炎ウイルス、ノロウイルス、フニンウイルス、呼吸器多核体ウイルス又はデングウイルスである、請求項48に記載の方法。
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