JP2021528094A - マイクロサテライト不安定性の検出 - Google Patents
マイクロサテライト不安定性の検出 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021528094A JP2021528094A JP2020573126A JP2020573126A JP2021528094A JP 2021528094 A JP2021528094 A JP 2021528094A JP 2020573126 A JP2020573126 A JP 2020573126A JP 2020573126 A JP2020573126 A JP 2020573126A JP 2021528094 A JP2021528094 A JP 2021528094A
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- microsatellite
- locus
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Abstract
Description
本開示は、サンプル中のマイクロサテライト不安定性を検出するための方法およびシステムを提供する。サンプルは、場合により、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座:1〜170から選択されるマイクロサテライト遺伝子座の連続配列(例えば、少なくとも12ヌクレオチド)にわたって相補的である、1つ以上のオリゴヌクレオチドプローブと接触させる。場合により、オリゴヌクレオチド捕捉プローブと接触したサンプルは、サンプルを1つ以上のオリゴヌクレオチドプローブにハイブリダイズさせることにより、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座について濃縮される。未結合および/またはハイブリダイズしていないサンプルを除去し、オリゴヌクレオチド捕捉プローブからハイブリダイズするサンプルを溶出し、それにより、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座を有する濃縮されたゲノムDNAを提供する。
II.定義
III.検出方法
DNA抽出
一般に、サンプルは溶解剤で処理され、サンプルに存在する無傷の細胞を溶解する。溶解した細胞から放出されたDNAは、固体支持体、カラム、または膜に結合でき、そこで1つ以上の洗浄工程を経て、汚染物質および/またはタンパク質などの非DNA成分をサンプルから除去できる。最後に、結合したDNAを固体支持体、カラム、または膜から解放し、さらなる処理の準備ができるまで適切なバッファー中に保存することができる。
核酸ライブラリの調製
アダプターオリゴヌクレオチド
増幅
核酸捕捉
シーケンシング
分析
参照値
対象およびサンプル
IV.コンピュータシステム
V.治療方法
アバスチン(ベバシズマブ)
ベバシズマブ
カンプトサール(イリノテカン塩酸塩)
カペシタビン
セツキシマブ
サイラムザ(ラムシルマブ)
エロキサチン(オキサリプラチン)
エルビタックス(セツキシマブ)
5−FU(フルオロウラシル注射)
フルオロウラシル注射
イリノテカン塩酸塩
ロイコボリンカルシウム
ロンサーフ(トリフルリジンおよびチピラシル塩酸塩)
ニボルマブ
オプジーボ(ニボルマブ)
オキサリプラチン
パニツムマブ
ラムシルマブ
レゴラフェニブ
スティバルガ(レゴラフェニブ)
トリフルリジンおよびチピラシル塩酸塩
ベクチビックス(パニツムマブ)
ウェルコボリン(ロイコボリンカルシウム)
ゼローダ(カペシタビン)
ザルトラップ(Ziv−アフリベルセプト)
Ziv−アフリベルセプト
Capox;
Folfiri;
Folfiri−ベバシズマブ;
Folfiri−セツキシマブ;
Folfox;
Fu−Lv;
Xeliri;
Xelox;
アバスチン(ベバシズマブ);
ベバシズマブ;
カンプトサール(イリノテカン塩酸塩);
カペシタビン;
セツキシマブ;
サイラムザ(ラムシルマブ);
エロキサチン(オキサリプラチン);
エルビタックス(セツキシマブ);
5−FU(フルオロウラシル注射);
イリノテカン塩酸塩;
ロイコボリンカルシウム;
ロンサーフ(トリフルリジンおよびチピラシル塩酸塩);
ニボルマブ
オプジーボ(ニボルマブ);
オキサリプラチン;
パニツムマブ;
ラムシルマブ;
レゴラフェニブ;
スティバルガ(レゴラフェニブ);
トリフルリジンおよびチピラシル塩酸塩;
ベクチビックス(パニツムマブ);
ウェルコボリン(ロイコボリンカルシウム);
ゼローダ(カペシタビン);
ザルトラップ(Ziv−アフリベルセプト);および
Ziv−アフリベルセプト
Capox;
Folfiri;
Folfiri−ベバシズマブ;
Folfiri−セツキシマブ;
Folfox;
Fu−Lv;
Xeliri;および
Xelox
VI.キット
マイクロサテライト遺伝子座は、左側配列、多数の反復単位、および右側配列からなる。マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の例を以下に示す。
(左側ヌクレオチド配列)−(GT)24−(右側ヌクレオチド配列)
RS、L=<n1、n2、…nk>、
ここで、n1は、i個の反復単位の存在を裏付けるリードの数である。特定の遺伝子座Lの場合、RS、Lは、集団内の健康な個体にとって準単形である。不安定性が存在する場合、RS、Lの平均は、正常なバックグラウンドサンプルから大幅にシフトする。
このシフトは、PCRスタッターによって引き起こされるシフトよりも規模が大きいことが確認されているため、検出可能である。
実施例2−64のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座における反復単位の平均数の分布
実施例3−反復長分布の構成要素としての歪度
このように、このデータは、試験サンプルに対する参照として使用できるMSSサンプルを表す、バックグラウンド信号を計算できることを実証する。さらに、MSI細胞株の反復単位平均数の歪度の分布は重複しておらず、cfDNA/MSSサンプルとは大幅に異なることが確認された。
実施例4−MSI検出の計算プロセス
マイクロサテライト遺伝子座パネル
msisensorからのRLD要約
正常なサンプルからのバックグラウンド構築
MSIコーラー(caller)
結論
Claims (15)
- マイクロサテライト不安定性を検出するための方法であって、
ヒトのヒトゲノムDNAからのシーケンシングリードを複数のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座について検出することと、
各マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の反復長分布(RLD)の基準値を決定することと、
前記基準値を、前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座であって、各々が独立した閾値を有するマイクロサテライト遺伝子座の閾値と比較することと、
前記閾値を超えるRLD基準値を有するマイクロサテライト遺伝子座の数を定量化することと、
前記閾値を超えるRLD基準値を有する前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の数を、マイクロサテライト不安定性(MSI)比率閾値と比較することとを含み、前記数が前記MSI比率閾値を超える場合に、ヒトがマイクロサテライト不安定性を有する、方法。 - 前記複数のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座が、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座:1−170からなる群から選択される、少なくとも10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100、110、120、130、140、150、または160のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記複数のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座が、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座:1−64からなる群から選択される少なくとも58のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記複数のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座が、表2のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座に対応する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- RLDの前記基準値が、一致する正常なサンプルの不存在下で決定される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記閾値が、(i)MSSサンプル中の前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の前記反復長分布、(ii)一致した正常なサンプルにおける前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の前記反復長分布、(iii)事前に計算された正常なバックグラウンドでの前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の前記反復長分布、(iv)MSS細胞株から得られた前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の前記反復長分布、または(iv)前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座が、MSIとして識別されるRLD基準値によって決定されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の前記基準値が、ヒトの前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座についてのRLDの1つ以上の統計値、および参照RLDの1つ以上の統計値を使用して決定されるt統計量である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記t統計量が、RLDにおける平均リード長および分散に基づいて決定される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記検出が、ゲノムDNAからヌクレオチドシーケンシングリードを生成することと、およびマイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むシーケンシングリードを、前記シーケンシングリードをマイクロサテライト遺伝子座DNA配列のセットにアラインメントすることによって同定することと、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むと決定された各シーケンシングリードの反復長の数をカウントし、それによって各マイクロサテライト遺伝子座のRLDを生成することとを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ヌクレオチドシーケンシングリードを生成する前に、前記ヒトゲノムDNAをマイクロサテライト遺伝子座含有DNAにハイブリダイズするオリゴヌクレオチドプローブにハイブリダイズすることによって、前記ヒトゲノムDNAが、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座について濃縮される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
ヒトゲノムDNA断片を含むサンプルを提供することと、
オリゴヌクレオチドプローブのプールを前記サンプルに接触させることと、
前記プールオリゴヌクレオチドプローブとのハイブリダイゼーション複合体中の、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むDNA断片を捕捉し、それによって捕捉されたDNAを生成することと、
前記ハイブリダイゼーション複合体を未結合核酸から分離することと、
前記捕捉されたDNAを前記ハイブリダイゼーション複合体から溶出することと、
前記ハイブリダイゼーション複合体から溶出された、前記捕捉されたDNAをシーケンシングすることと、
マイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むシーケンシングリードを、前記シーケンシングリードをマイクロサテライト遺伝子座DNA配列のセットにアラインメントすることにより同定することと、
マイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むと決定された各シーケンシングリードの反復長の数をカウントし、それによって各マイクロサテライト遺伝子座のRLDを生成することとを含む方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
ヒトゲノムDNA断片を含むサンプルを提供することと、
マイクロサテライト遺伝子座に特異的なオリゴヌクレオチドプライマーを用いてマイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むDNA断片を増幅し、アンプリコンを生成することと、
前記アンプリコンをシーケンシングすることと、
マイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むシーケンシングリードを、前記シーケンシングリードをマイクロサテライト遺伝子座DNA配列のセットにアラインメントすることにより同定することと、
マイクロサテライト遺伝子座を含むと決定された各シーケンシングリードの反復長の数をカウントし、それによって各マイクロサテライト遺伝子座のRLDを生成することとを含む方法。 - マイクロサテライト不安定性を検出するためのシステムであって、
プロセッサと、
前記プロセッサに連結された非一時的なコンピュータ可読媒体とを含み、前記非一時的なコンピュータ読み取り可能媒体が、
ヒトゲノムDNAから複数のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座についてシーケンシングリードを受け取ることと、
各マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の反復長分布(RLD)を決定することと、
各マイクロサテライト遺伝子座について前記RLDの基準値を生成することと、
各マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の前記基準値を、前記マイクロサテライト遺伝子座の閾値と比較することであって、各マイクロサテライトは独立した閾値を有する、比較することと、
検出された、前記閾値を超えるRLD基準値を有する遺伝子座の数を定量化することと、
(i)前記閾値を超えるRLD基準値を有するマイクロサテライト遺伝子座の数を、(ii)遺伝子座セットの比率閾値と比較することとを含む方法を実施するための、前記プロセッサによって実行可能なコードを含み、前記数が前記遺伝子座セットの比率閾値を超える場合、ヒトがマイクロサテライト不安定性を有する、システム。 - 固体支持体または異種薬剤に連結されたオリゴヌクレオチドのアレイであって、遺伝子座:1−170に対応するマイクロサテライト遺伝子座からなる群から選択されるマイクロサテライト遺伝子座に、少なくとも12、14、16、18、または20ヌクレオチドの連続配列にわたって相補的なオリゴヌクレオチドのセットを含み、前記セットが、マイクロサテライト遺伝子座遺伝子座:1−170に対応する、種々のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座にそれぞれ相補的である、少なくとも10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100、110、120、130、140、150、160、170、180、190、200、210、220、230、240、250、260、270、280、290、300、310、320、330、または340のオリゴヌクレオチドを含む、オリゴヌクレオチドのアレイ。
- ヒトゲノムDNAサンプル中のマイクロサテライト遺伝子座を濃縮する方法であって、
前記ヒトゲノムDNAを、請求項14に記載のオリゴヌクレオチドのアレイにハイブリダイズさせることと、
ハイブリダイズしていないゲノムDNAを除去することと、
前記オリゴヌクレオチドのアレイからハイブリダイズしたゲノムDNAを溶出し、それによってマイクロサテライト遺伝子座を濃縮することとを含む方法。
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