JP2021191198A

JP2021191198A - Power generating device

Info

Publication number: JP2021191198A
Application number: JP2020097605A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 学五閑; Manabu Gokan; 淳也田中; Junya Tanaka; 佳子高橋; Yoshiko Takahashi
Original assignee: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-04
Filing date: 2020-06-04
Publication date: 2021-12-13

Abstract

To provide a power generating device capable of preventing a decrease in power generation efficiency and being fixed over a long period of time.SOLUTION: A power generating device 1 comprises: a vibration power generating device 2; a non-magnetic support member 31 including a support surface on which the vibration power generating device is arranged along a longitudinal direction; a mounting member 30 connected to both end parts in the longitudinal direction of the support member; and a first magnet 21, a second magnet 22, a third magnet 23, and a fourth magnet 24 arranged on a magnet mounting surface of the mounting member so as to be arranged in four locations around the vibration power generating device. The vibration power generating device comprises a first yoke 11, a second yoke 17 including a support member connection part 17A and an erection part 17B and connecting one end of the support member connection part and one end of the erection part in an L shape, a magnetostrictive element 10, a coil 12, a magnet 18 for power generation fixed to the second yoke, and a weight 14 fixed to the first yoke.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

本発明は、例えば、無線センサーモジュールの電源として使用可能な発電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to, for example, a power generation device that can be used as a power source for a wireless sensor module.

近年、モノのインターネット（ＩｏＴ）が、産業分野、防犯分野、防災分野、社会インフラ分野、医療分野、及び福祉分野などで多く利用されることが想定されている。ＩｏＴにおいては、人と機械、又は機械と機械との間で、センサーによって取得された温度、湿度、加速度、及び画像などの情報をインターネットなどの通信網を介して取得する。その際に重要となるコンポーネントは、センサー、電源、及び無線通信素子が一体となったモジュールから構成される無線センサーモジュールである。 In recent years, it is expected that the Internet of Things (IoT) will be widely used in the industrial field, crime prevention field, disaster prevention field, social infrastructure field, medical field, welfare field, and the like. In IoT, information such as temperature, humidity, acceleration, and images acquired by a sensor is acquired between a person and a machine or between a machine and a machine via a communication network such as the Internet. An important component at that time is a wireless sensor module composed of a module in which a sensor, a power supply, and a wireless communication element are integrated.

現在、無線センサーモジュールの電源には、使い切りの１次電池型や、充電が可能な２次電池型のボタン電池などが使用されている。無線センサーモジュールの電源が１次電池型の場合、電池が使い切りのため、電池の交換が必要となる。また、無線モジュールの電源が２次電池型の場合、電池への充電が必要となり、充電のための配線又は作業が必要となる。すなわち、電源として電池を使用する場合は、人手による定期的なメンテナンスが必要である。更に、無線センサーモジュールが壁の中へ埋め込まれる場合、又は機械の構成部材の間にある狭い隙間に配置される場合などにおいては、電池の交換又は充電作業などのメンテナンスができない場合がある。 Currently, a single-use primary battery type button battery or a rechargeable secondary battery type button battery is used as the power source for the wireless sensor module. If the power supply of the wireless sensor module is a primary battery type, the battery is used up and the battery needs to be replaced. Further, when the power source of the wireless module is a secondary battery type, it is necessary to charge the battery, and wiring or work for charging is required. That is, when a battery is used as a power source, regular manual maintenance is required. Further, when the wireless sensor module is embedded in the wall or arranged in a narrow gap between the constituent members of the machine, maintenance such as battery replacement or charging work may not be possible.

しかしながら、設置場所の環境で発生しているエネルギーであって、例えば、モーター、エンジン、又は橋梁などの構造物が発生する振動エネルギーから電力を発生させることで、エネルギー的に自立した無線センサーモジュールの電源となり得る。すなわち、振動エネルギーから電力を発生させることで、無線センサーモジュールが長期間又は半永久的にメンテナンスフリーに使用可能となる。また、配線レスであることから、例えば、すでに設置済みの機械、鉄道、又は橋梁などの構造物にも、振動エネルギーから発生する電力を使用する無線センサーモジュールを後付けで容易に設置することが可能である。 However, the energy generated in the environment of the installation site, for example, a wireless sensor module that is energetically self-sustaining by generating electric power from vibration energy generated by a structure such as a motor, an engine, or a bridge. Can be a power source. That is, by generating electric power from the vibration energy, the wireless sensor module can be used maintenance-free for a long period of time or semi-permanently. In addition, since it is wiring-less, it is possible to easily retrofit a wireless sensor module that uses electric power generated from vibration energy to, for example, a structure such as a machine, railroad, or bridge that has already been installed. Is.

このような環境で発生する振動エネルギーを利用する振動発電は、振動、衝撃、又は動きから電気エネルギーを取り出すことができる汎用性の高い発電方式である。
振動発電には、圧電方式、静電誘導方式、電磁誘導方式、磁歪方式などがある。例えば、圧電素子（ピエゾ素子）を使用した圧電方式は、素子の脆弱性により機械的な耐久性が低いという課題があり、電磁誘導方式では、可動部があるため小型化に課題がある。これらの中で、鉄系の磁歪材料を使用した磁歪方式は、磁歪素子が延性材料のため機械的特性、及び加工性に優れ、電気的にインピーダンスが低い。そのため、無線センサーモジュールの電源としての適用に有用である。この磁歪式振動発電は、磁歪素子に応力を加えることで、逆磁歪効果により発生する磁化（磁力線）が変化し、電磁誘導の法則により、磁歪素子の周囲に巻かれたコイルに起電力を発生させることで、機械エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変化する発電方式である。 Vibration power generation using vibration energy generated in such an environment is a highly versatile power generation method capable of extracting electric energy from vibration, impact, or movement.
Vibration power generation includes a piezoelectric method, an electrostatic induction method, an electromagnetic induction method, a magnetostrictive method, and the like. For example, the piezoelectric method using a piezoelectric element (piezo element) has a problem that mechanical durability is low due to the vulnerability of the element, and the electromagnetic induction method has a problem in miniaturization because it has a moving part. Among these, the magnetostrictive method using an iron-based magnetostrictive material has excellent mechanical properties and workability because the magnetostrictive element is a ductile material, and has low electrical impedance. Therefore, it is useful for application as a power source for a wireless sensor module. In this magnetostrictive vibration power generation, the magnetization (magnetic field line) generated by the magnetostrictive effect changes by applying stress to the magnetostrictive element, and an electromotive force is generated in the coil wound around the magnetostrictive element according to the law of electromagnetic induction. It is a power generation method that changes mechanical energy into electrical energy by making it.

特許文献１には、図１１に示すように、磁歪式振動発電装置が開示されている。しかしながら、特許文献１の発電装置において、発電装置のフレームと振動源との接続方法は開示されていない。 Patent Document 1 discloses a magnetostrictive vibration power generation device as shown in FIG. However, in the power generation device of Patent Document 1, the connection method between the frame of the power generation device and the vibration source is not disclosed.

特許第６１７１９９２号公報Japanese Patent No. 6171992

橋梁などの構造物に対して無線センサーモジュールの電源として発電装置を後付けで設置するときに、例えばボルト及びナットなどの構造物を傷つける固定方法が、顧客の要望により、敬遠もしくは禁止されている場合がある。
この場合、発電装置を振動源となる構造物に磁石を使用して固定すれば取り付けが容易であるため、非常に有用である。しかしながら、前記従来技術における発電装置に固定用の磁石を適用すると、磁石の磁力が、磁歪式振動発電装置の磁気ループ（磁路）に干渉して発電効率を減少させる。また、永久磁石で磁歪式振動発電装置と構造物とを固定するとき、固定の方法により永久磁石の磁路が開いた磁路を構成する場合に、磁石の内部に自己滅磁力が発生するため、時間の経過とともに磁力が低下して、長期間の固定ができないという課題を有する。 When a power generation device is retrofitted to a structure such as a bridge as a power source for a wireless sensor module, for example, a fixing method that damages the structure such as bolts and nuts is avoided or prohibited at the request of the customer. There is.
In this case, it is very useful to fix the power generation device to the structure that is the vibration source by using a magnet because it is easy to attach. However, when a fixing magnet is applied to the power generation device in the prior art, the magnetic force of the magnet interferes with the magnetic loop (magnetic path) of the magnetic strain type vibration power generation device to reduce the power generation efficiency. In addition, when a magnetic strain type vibration power generator and a structure are fixed with a permanent magnet, a self-destructive magnetic force is generated inside the magnet when the magnetic path of the permanent magnet is opened by the fixing method. The magnetic force decreases with the passage of time, and there is a problem that the magnet cannot be fixed for a long period of time.

従って、本発明の目的は、前記問題を解決することにあって、発電効率の減少を防ぎつつ、長期間の固定をすることができる発電装置を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation device capable of fixing for a long period of time while preventing a decrease in power generation efficiency in solving the above-mentioned problems.

前記目的を達成するために、本発明の１つの態様に係る発電装置は、
振動発電デバイスと、
非磁性体で構成され、前記振動発電デバイスが長手方向沿いに配置される支持面を有する支持部材と、
磁性体で構成され、前記支持部材の前記長手方向の両端部に連結される取付部材と、
前記振動発電デバイスの周囲の４か所に配置されるように前記取付部材の磁石取付面に配置される第１磁石、第２磁石、第３磁石、及び第４磁石と、
を備え、
前記振動発電デバイスは、
非磁性体で構成され、自由端部と、固定端部とを有する第１ヨークと、
磁性体で構成され、支持部材接続部と起立部とを有し、Ｌ字状に前記支持部材接続部の一端と前記起立部の一端とを連結する第２ヨークと、
磁性材料で構成される細長い板状の磁歪素子と、
前記磁歪素子の長手方向の軸回りの前記磁歪素子の周囲に、前記磁歪素子及び前記第１ヨークとの間に空間を設けて配置されるコイルと、
前記第２ヨークに固定される発電用磁石と、
前記第１ヨークに固定される錘と、
を有し、
前記第１ヨークは、前記第２ヨークの前記支持部材接続部と互いに対向して平行になるように配置され、
前記第１ヨークと前記第２ヨークとでＵ字状に形成されるように前記第１ヨークの前記固定端部と、前記第２ヨークの前記起立部とが連結され、
前記第２ヨークは、前記支持部材接続部で前記支持部材に接続され、
前記発電用磁石は、前記支持部材接続部の前記第１ヨークに対して互いに対向する面に固定され、
前記磁歪素子は、前記第１ヨークの前記固定端部側に接続され、
前記錘は、前記第１ヨークの自由端部側に固定され、
前記第１磁石及び前記第２磁石と、前記第３磁石及び前記第４磁石とは、それぞれ前記磁歪素子と、前記第２ヨークと、前記発電用磁石とで構成される閉鎖磁路と平行な磁路を形成し、且つ、前記第１磁石及び前記第３磁石と、前記第２磁石及び前記第４磁石とは、それぞれ前記閉鎖磁路と交差する磁路を形成するように配置され、
前記閉鎖磁路の長手方向沿いに対向する磁石同士は同極であり、前記閉鎖磁路の前記長手方向と交差する方向沿いに対向する磁石同士は異極である。 In order to achieve the above object, the power generation device according to one aspect of the present invention is
Vibration power generation device and
A support member composed of a non-magnetic material and having a support surface on which the vibration power generation device is arranged along the longitudinal direction,
A mounting member made of a magnetic material and connected to both ends of the support member in the longitudinal direction,
The first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet, which are arranged on the magnet mounting surface of the mounting member so as to be arranged at four places around the vibration power generation device,
Equipped with
The vibration power generation device is
A first yoke made of a non-magnetic material, having a free end and a fixed end,
A second yoke made of a magnetic material, having a support member connecting portion and an upright portion, and connecting one end of the support member connecting portion and one end of the upright portion in an L shape, and a second yoke.
An elongated plate-shaped magnetostrictive element made of magnetic material,
A coil arranged around the magnetostrictive element around the axis in the longitudinal direction of the magnetostrictive element with a space provided between the magnetostrictive element and the first yoke.
A magnet for power generation fixed to the second yoke and
The weight fixed to the first yoke and
Have,
The first yoke is arranged so as to face each other and be parallel to the support member connecting portion of the second yoke.
The fixed end portion of the first yoke and the upright portion of the second yoke are connected so as to be formed in a U shape by the first yoke and the second yoke.
The second yoke is connected to the support member at the support member connection portion, and is connected to the support member.
The power generation magnet is fixed to a surface of the support member connecting portion facing the first yoke.
The magnetostrictive element is connected to the fixed end side of the first yoke.
The weight is fixed to the free end side of the first yoke.
The first magnet and the second magnet, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet are parallel to a closed magnetic path composed of the magnetic strain element, the second yoke, and the power generation magnet, respectively. A magnetic path is formed, and the first magnet and the third magnet, and the second magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged so as to form a magnetic path intersecting the closed magnetic path, respectively.
The magnets facing each other along the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path have the same poles, and the magnets facing each other along the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path have different poles.

本発明の前記態様によれば、発電装置を固定するための第１磁石、第２磁石、第３磁石、及び第４磁石の磁力が、振動発電デバイスにより生じる磁路に干渉せず、第１磁石、第２磁石、第３磁石、及び第４磁石が、開いた磁路ではなく、閉鎖された磁路（閉鎖磁路）を構成するので、発電装置の発電効率の減少を防ぎつつ、発電装置を長期間固定することができる。 According to the above aspect of the present invention, the magnetic forces of the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet for fixing the power generation device do not interfere with the magnetic path generated by the vibration power generation device, and the first Since the magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet form a closed magnetic path (closed magnetic path) instead of an open magnetic path, power generation is performed while preventing a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the power generation device. The device can be fixed for a long period of time.

本発明の第１実施形態に係る発電装置の概略構成を示す平面図。The plan view which shows the schematic structure of the power generation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る発電装置の概略構成を示す正面図。The front view which shows the schematic structure of the power generation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 第１実施形態の比較例として、図１Ｂに示す発電装置から支持部材を削除した場合に、振動発電デバイスにより生じる磁路が磁路分岐する様子を示す正面図。As a comparative example of the first embodiment, a front view showing how the magnetic path generated by the vibration power generation device branches when the support member is removed from the power generation device shown in FIG. 1B. 第１実施形態の別の比較例として、図１Ｂに示す発電装置のうち、第２磁石２２の極性を逆にして配置した場合に、第１磁石２１と、第２磁石２２と、振動体２０と、取付部材３０とで構成される、閉鎖磁路と、振動発電デバイスで生じた閉鎖磁路とが磁力干渉する様子を示す正面図。As another comparative example of the first embodiment, in the power generation device shown in FIG. 1B, when the second magnet 22 is arranged in the opposite polarity, the first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, and the vibrating body 20 are arranged. The front view shows how the closed magnetic path composed of the mounting member 30 and the closed magnetic path generated by the vibration power generation device magnetically interfere with each other. 第１実施形態として、図１Ｂに示す発電装置１のように、第１磁石２１の極性と第２磁石２２の極性とが同じになるように配置した場合に、図３に示すような磁力干渉を防ぐ様子を示す正面図。As the first embodiment, when the polarity of the first magnet 21 and the polarity of the second magnet 22 are arranged to be the same as in the power generation device 1 shown in FIG. 1B, magnetic interference as shown in FIG. 3 Front view showing how to prevent. 図１Ａに示す発電装置の第１〜第４磁石の自己減磁力を低減する磁路の方向を示す平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the direction of a magnetic path for reducing the self-demagnetizing force of the first to fourth magnets of the power generation device shown in FIG. 1A. 図１Ａに示す発電装置の第１〜第４磁石の自己減磁力を低減する磁路の方向を示す正面図。The front view which shows the direction of the magnetic path which reduces the self-decaying force of the 1st to 4th magnets of the power generation apparatus shown in FIG. 1A. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る発電装置の概略構成を示す平面図。The plan view which shows the schematic structure of the power generation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る発電装置の概略構成を示す正面図。The front view which shows the schematic structure of the power generation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施形態に係る発電装置の概略構成を示す左側面図。The left side view which shows the schematic structure of the power generation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図７Ａに示す発電装置の第１〜第６磁石の自己減磁力を低減する磁路の方向を示す平面図。FIG. 7A is a plan view showing the direction of the magnetic path for reducing the self-demagnetizing force of the first to sixth magnets of the power generation device shown in FIG. 7A. 図７Ａに示す発電装置の第１〜第６磁石の自己減磁力を低減する磁路の方向を示す左側面図。The left side view which shows the direction of the magnetic path which reduces the self-decaying force of the 1st to 6th magnets of the power generation apparatus shown in FIG. 7A. 従来技術による発電装置の概略構成図。Schematic block diagram of a power generation device using conventional technology.

以下に、本発明に係る実施の形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

（第１実施形態）
本発明の第１実施形態に係る発電装置１は、図１Ａ及び図１Ｂに示すように、振動発電デバイス２と、第１磁石２１と、第２磁石２２と、第３磁石２３と、第４磁石２４と、取付部材３０と、支持部材３１とを少なくとも備える。発電装置１は、覆い部材３２を更に備えることもできる。発電装置１は、非磁性体で構成される支持部材３１と、磁性体で構成される取付部材３０と、第１磁石２１、第２磁石２２、第３磁石２３、及び第４磁石２４とを介して、磁性体で構成される振動体２０に取り付けられる。 (First Embodiment)
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a vibration power generation device 2, a first magnet 21, a second magnet 22, a third magnet 23, and a fourth. It includes at least a magnet 24, a mounting member 30, and a support member 31. The power generation device 1 may further include a covering member 32. The power generation device 1 includes a support member 31 made of a non-magnetic material, a mounting member 30 made of a magnetic material, and a first magnet 21, a second magnet 22, a third magnet 23, and a fourth magnet 24. It is attached to the vibrating body 20 made of a magnetic material.

振動発電デバイス２は、磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、コイル１２と、錘１４と、第２ヨーク１７と、発電用磁石１８と、を有する。 The vibration power generation device 2 includes a magnetostrictive element 10, a first yoke 11, a coil 12, a weight 14, a second yoke 17, and a magnet 18 for power generation.

磁歪素子１０は、磁性材料で構成される細長い板状の部材である。磁性材料としては、例えば、鉄−ガリウム系の合金、又は、鉄−コバルト系の合金を用いてもよいが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、磁性材料１０は、結晶状態でもよいし、アモルファス状態でもよい。磁性材料１０は、後述するコイル１２の内径未満である幅と厚みとを有してコイル内に配置可能であり、コイル１２の軸方向の長さであるコイル長以上の長さを有する。 The magnetostrictive element 10 is an elongated plate-shaped member made of a magnetic material. As the magnetic material, for example, an iron-gallium-based alloy or an iron-cobalt-based alloy may be used, but the magnetic material is not limited thereto. Further, the magnetic material 10 may be in a crystalline state or an amorphous state. The magnetic material 10 has a width and a thickness smaller than the inner diameter of the coil 12 described later and can be arranged in the coil, and has a length equal to or longer than the coil length which is the axial length of the coil 12.

第１ヨーク１１は、非磁性体で構成される、真っ直ぐでかつ細長い平板状部材である。第１ヨーク１１は、細長い部材の一端に配置された自由端部１１Ａと、自由端部１１Ａの反対側の細長い部材の他端に配置された固定端部１１Ｂとを有する。自由端部１１Ａと固定端部１１Ｂとの間で、且つ、固定端部１１Ｂ側の表面(すなわち、図１Ｂでは上面)に、磁歪素子１０が固定される。
このような構成によれば、後述するように第１ヨーク１１の自由端部１１Ａに外力が作用して、外力により第１ヨーク１１がたわむことで、磁歪素子１０を伸張及び圧縮させることができる。
なお、以下では、一例として、磁歪素子１０が固定された固定端部１１Ｂ側の表面に対して垂直な方向を上下方向と定義して説明する。実際には、発電装置１の取り付け方向により、上下方向が変化する。 The first yoke 11 is a straight and elongated flat plate member made of a non-magnetic material. The first yoke 11 has a free end 11A disposed at one end of the elongated member and a fixed end 11B disposed at the other end of the elongated member opposite the free end 11A. The magnetostrictive element 10 is fixed between the free end portion 11A and the fixed end portion 11B and on the surface on the fixed end portion 11B side (that is, the upper surface in FIG. 1B).
According to such a configuration, as will be described later, an external force acts on the free end portion 11A of the first yoke 11, and the first yoke 11 is bent by the external force, so that the magnetostrictive element 10 can be expanded and compressed. ..
In the following, as an example, the direction perpendicular to the surface on the fixed end portion 11B side to which the magnetostrictive element 10 is fixed is defined as the vertical direction. Actually, the vertical direction changes depending on the mounting direction of the power generation device 1.

コイル１２は、磁歪素子１０の周囲に、磁歪素子１０及び第１ヨーク１１との間に空間を設けるように配置される。磁歪素子１０及び第１ヨーク１１とコイル１２との間に設けられる空間は、例えば、０．１ｍｍ程度の隙間であってもよい。
このような構成によれば、後述するように第１ヨーク１１の自由端部１１Ａに外力が作用して、外力により第１ヨーク１１と磁歪素子１０とがたわむときに、磁歪素子１０とコイル１２との接触を防ぐことができる。つまり、磁歪素子１０がコイル１２に干渉せず伸張及び圧縮する。
また、コイル１２は、一例として、コイル１２の軸方向長さの中心部が磁歪素子１０の長手方向の中心部に対して互いに対向するように配置される。
このような構成によれば、電磁誘導により磁歪素子１０内を通過する磁化の時間変化に比例して、誘導電流がコイル１２に発生する。また、コイル１２は、巻数を変更することにより電圧の大きさを調整することができる。なお、コイル１２は、銅、又は、アルミニウムで構成されてもよい。 The coil 12 is arranged around the magnetostrictive element 10 so as to provide a space between the magnetostrictive element 10 and the first yoke 11. The space provided between the magnetostrictive element 10 and the first yoke 11 and the coil 12 may be, for example, a gap of about 0.1 mm.
According to such a configuration, as will be described later, when an external force acts on the free end portion 11A of the first yoke 11 and the first yoke 11 and the magnetostrictive element 10 bend due to the external force, the magnetostrictive element 10 and the coil 12 are used. It is possible to prevent contact with. That is, the magnetostrictive element 10 expands and compresses without interfering with the coil 12.
Further, as an example, the coil 12 is arranged so that the central portion of the axial length of the coil 12 faces the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the magnetostrictive element 10.
According to such a configuration, an induced current is generated in the coil 12 in proportion to the time change of the magnetization passing through the magnetostrictive element 10 by electromagnetic induction. Further, the coil 12 can adjust the magnitude of the voltage by changing the number of turns. The coil 12 may be made of copper or aluminum.

錘１４は、非磁性体で構成される。図１Ａ及び図１Ｂにおいて、錘１４の形状は円柱体であるが、例えば、直方体など、その他の形状であってもよい。錘１４は、第１ヨーク１１の自由端部１１Ａに固定される。
このような振動発電デバイス２の構成によれば、第１ヨーク１１の振動発電デバイス２の上下方向に外力が印加されたときに錘１４の慣性力により第１ヨーク１１と錘１４とが振動し、第１ヨーク１１に固定されている磁歪素子１０が伸張及び圧縮を繰り返す。なお、錘１４は、接着剤、又は、ボルトで第１ヨーク１１に固定してもよい。 The weight 14 is made of a non-magnetic material. In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the shape of the weight 14 is a cylindrical body, but it may be another shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped. The weight 14 is fixed to the free end portion 11A of the first yoke 11.
According to such a configuration of the vibration power generation device 2, the first yoke 11 and the weight 14 vibrate due to the inertial force of the weight 14 when an external force is applied in the vertical direction of the vibration power generation device 2 of the first yoke 11. , The magnetic strain element 10 fixed to the first yoke 11 repeats stretching and compression. The weight 14 may be fixed to the first yoke 11 with an adhesive or bolts.

第２ヨーク１７は、磁性体で構成される、屈曲した細長い平板状部材である。第２ヨーク１７は、支持部材接続部１７Ａと、起立部１７Ｂとを有する。第２ヨーク１７は、支持部材接続部１７Ａの一端と起立部材１７Ｂの一端とが連結されてＬ字状に形成される。また、第２ヨーク１７の支持部材接続部１７Ａは、第１ヨーク１１と互いに対向して平行に配置され、第２ヨーク１７の起立部材１７Ｂは、起立部材１７Ｂの他端が第１ヨーク１１の固定端と連結されて固定される。すなわち、第１ヨーク１１と第２ヨーク１７とは、互いに連結固定されることで、１つのＵ字状部材を一体に形成している。言い換えると、Ｕ字状部材のうち、非磁性体の部分が第１ヨーク１１であり、磁性体の部分が第２ヨーク１７である。 The second yoke 17 is a bent elongated flat plate-shaped member made of a magnetic material. The second yoke 17 has a support member connecting portion 17A and an upright portion 17B. The second yoke 17 is formed in an L shape by connecting one end of the support member connecting portion 17A and one end of the upright member 17B. Further, the support member connecting portion 17A of the second yoke 17 is arranged parallel to the first yoke 11 so as to face each other, and the upright member 17B of the second yoke 17 has the other end of the upright member 17B of the first yoke 11. It is connected and fixed to the fixed end. That is, the first yoke 11 and the second yoke 17 are connected and fixed to each other to integrally form one U-shaped member. In other words, in the U-shaped member, the non-magnetic part is the first yoke 11, and the magnetic part is the second yoke 17.

発電用磁石１８は、第２ヨーク１７が有する支持部材接続部１７Ａの、第１ヨーク１１に対して互いに対向する面(すなわち、図１Ｂでは上面)に固定される。図１Ａ及び図１Ｂにおいて、発電用磁石１８の形状は直方体であるが、例えば、円柱体など、その他の形状であってもよい。なお、発電用磁石１８は、ネオジウム系の永久磁石であってもよい。また、発電用磁石１８は、磁歪素子１０が発生させる磁束がコイル１２の軸方向の全長を貫くように、磁歪素子１０の長手方向の端部に対して互いに対向するように配置されてもよい。 The power generation magnet 18 is fixed to the surface of the support member connecting portion 17A of the second yoke 17 facing each other with respect to the first yoke 11 (that is, the upper surface in FIG. 1B). In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the shape of the power generation magnet 18 is a rectangular parallelepiped, but it may be another shape such as a cylindrical body. The power generation magnet 18 may be a neodymium-based permanent magnet. Further, the magnet for power generation 18 may be arranged so as to face each other with respect to the longitudinal end portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 so that the magnetic flux generated by the magnetostrictive element 10 penetrates the entire length in the axial direction of the coil 12. ..

支持部材３１は、例えば、非磁性体の長方形の平板状部材で構成され、振動発電デバイス２が長手方向沿いに配置される支持面を有する。支持部材３１は、長方形に限られるものではなく、支持部材接続部１７Ａよりも大きい形状であればよい。
取付部材３０は、例えば、支持部材３１を囲むように、磁性体の長方形の平板の枠状部材で構成される。よって、取付部材３０で支持部材３１を囲む結果、取付部材３０と支持部材３１とで１枚の長方形状の板状部材を構成している。取付部材３０としては、１つの枠状部材に限定されるものではなく、少なくとも、支持部材３１の長手方向の両端部に連結されるように２つの平板状部材で構成すればよい。
覆い部材３２は、非磁性体の直方体の箱状の部材で構成され、振動発電デバイス２と支持部材３１と、取付部材３０とを覆うように、取付部材３０に固定される。 The support member 31 is composed of, for example, a rectangular flat plate member made of a non-magnetic material, and has a support surface on which the vibration power generation device 2 is arranged along the longitudinal direction. The support member 31 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may have a shape larger than that of the support member connection portion 17A.
The mounting member 30 is composed of, for example, a frame-shaped member of a rectangular flat plate made of a magnetic material so as to surround the support member 31. Therefore, as a result of surrounding the support member 31 with the mounting member 30, the mounting member 30 and the support member 31 form one rectangular plate-shaped member. The mounting member 30 is not limited to one frame-shaped member, and may be composed of at least two flat plate-shaped members so as to be connected to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support member 31.
The covering member 32 is composed of a non-magnetic rectangular parallelepiped box-shaped member, and is fixed to the mounting member 30 so as to cover the vibration power generation device 2, the support member 31, and the mounting member 30.

発電装置１を固定するための第１磁石２１と、第２磁石２２と、第３磁石２３と、第４磁石２４とは、それぞれ永久磁石であって、振動発電デバイス２の周囲の４箇所に配置されるように、取付部材３０の長方形の平板状の磁石取付面３０Ａの四隅に配置される。なお、これらの磁石２１〜２４は、非磁性体の支持部材３１の領域には磁力によって吸着することができないため配置できないが、磁性体の取付部材３０の磁石取付面３０Ａの領域であれば、磁石取付面３０Ａの四隅以外に配置してもよい。
磁石２１〜２４の形状は、４つとも同一形状であり、同一の高さである。磁石２１〜２４の形状は直方体であって、それぞれの磁石において互いに対向する面が平行である。なお、磁石２１〜２４は、例えば、円柱体などの他の形状であってもよい。
第１磁石２１と第２磁石２２とは、振動発電デバイス２の長手方向の中心又は重心を通る幅方向の軸を対称軸として配置される。また、第３磁石２３と第４磁石２４とは、第１磁石２１と第２磁石２２との配置と同様に、振動発電デバイス２の長手方向の中心又は重心を通る幅方向の軸を対称軸として配置される。
更に、第１磁石２１と第３磁石２３とは、振動発電デバイス２の長手方向の中心軸を対称軸として配置され、第２磁石２２と第４磁石２４とは、第１磁石２１と第３磁石２３との配置と同様に、振動発電デバイス２の長手方向の中心軸を対称軸として配置される。
つまり、第１磁石２１と第２磁石２２とは、磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、第２ヨーク１７の起立部１７Ｂと、第２ヨーク１７の支持部材接続部１７Ａと、発電用磁石１８とで構成される、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と平行な方向で互いに対向する。同様に、第３磁石２３と第４磁石２４とは、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と平行な方向で互いに対向する。また、第１磁石２１と第３磁石２３と、及び第２磁石２２と第４磁石２４とは、それぞれ閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と交差する方向、例えば、振動発電デバイス２の幅方向で互いに対向する。このように磁石２１〜２４を配置することで、振動体２０に対して発電装置１をバランス良く固定支持することができる。
これらの磁石２１〜２４は、それぞれ、磁性体の取付部材３０に固定され、磁性体の振動体２０に固定される。具体的には、磁石２１〜２４は、それぞれの一端が、取付部材３０が有する磁石取付面３０Ａに磁力で吸着することで固定され、それぞれの他端が、振動体２０が有する磁石取付面２０Ａに磁力で吸着することで固定される。なお、第１磁石２１と、第２磁石２２と、第３磁石２３と、第４磁石２４とは、それぞれ、ネオジウム系の永久磁石であってもよい。 The first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, the third magnet 23, and the fourth magnet 24 for fixing the power generation device 1 are permanent magnets, respectively, and are located at four locations around the vibration power generation device 2. It is arranged at the four corners of the rectangular flat plate magnet mounting surface 30A of the mounting member 30 so as to be arranged. These magnets 21 to 24 cannot be arranged because they cannot be attracted to the region of the support member 31 of the non-magnetic material by magnetic force, but they can be arranged in the region of the magnet mounting surface 30A of the magnetic material mounting member 30. It may be arranged at other than the four corners of the magnet mounting surface 30A.
All four magnets 21 to 24 have the same shape and the same height. The shapes of the magnets 21 to 24 are rectangular parallelepipeds, and the surfaces of the magnets facing each other are parallel to each other. The magnets 21 to 24 may have other shapes such as a cylindrical body.
The first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 are arranged with the axis in the width direction passing through the center in the longitudinal direction or the center of gravity of the vibration power generation device 2 as the axis of symmetry. Further, the third magnet 23 and the fourth magnet 24 have an axis of symmetry about the axis in the width direction passing through the center in the longitudinal direction or the center of gravity of the vibration power generation device 2, similar to the arrangement of the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22. Is placed as.
Further, the first magnet 21 and the third magnet 23 are arranged with the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the vibration power generation device 2 as the axis of symmetry, and the second magnet 22 and the fourth magnet 24 are the first magnet 21 and the third magnet. Similar to the arrangement with the magnet 23, the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the vibration power generation device 2 is arranged as the axis of symmetry.
That is, the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 are the magnetostrictive element 10, the first yoke 11, the upright portion 17B of the second yoke 17, the support member connecting portion 17A of the second yoke 17, and the magnet for power generation. They face each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50 composed of 18. Similarly, the third magnet 23 and the fourth magnet 24 face each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50. Further, the first magnet 21, the third magnet 23, and the second magnet 22 and the fourth magnet 24 each intersect each other in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50, for example, the width direction of the vibration power generation device 2. opposite. By arranging the magnets 21 to 24 in this way, the power generation device 1 can be fixedly supported with respect to the vibrating body 20 in a well-balanced manner.
Each of these magnets 21 to 24 is fixed to the magnetic body mounting member 30 and fixed to the magnetic body vibrating body 20. Specifically, one end of each of the magnets 21 to 24 is fixed to the magnet mounting surface 30A of the mounting member 30 by magnetic force, and the other end of each is the magnet mounting surface 20A of the vibrating body 20. It is fixed by being attracted by magnetic force. The first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, the third magnet 23, and the fourth magnet 24 may be neodymium-based permanent magnets, respectively.

図２は、第１実施形態の比較例を示している。ここでは、図１Ｂに示す発電装置１から支持部材３１を除去する代わりに、支持部材３１が配置されていた部分にも取付部材３０が配置されることになる。この比較例では、磁性体である取付部材３０が支持部材を兼ねており、図２は、振動発電デバイス２により生じる磁路が分岐する様子を示す正面図である。具体的には、図２は、振動発電デバイス２が有する磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、第２ヨーク１７の起立部１７Ｂと、第２ヨーク１７の支持部材接続部１７Ａと、発電用磁石１８とで、閉鎖磁路５０が構成される様子を示す。また、発電デバイス２が有する磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、第２ヨーク１７の起立部１７Ｂと、取付部材３０と、発電用磁石１８とで構成される、分岐磁路５０Ａが、分岐エリア４０において閉鎖磁路５０から分岐している様子を示す。このように、図２に示す比較例では、第２ヨーク１７の支持部材接続部１７Ａを通る磁路と、取付部材３０を通る磁路とに分岐することで、１つの磁路の場合と比べて磁気損失が生じ、発電効率が低下する。
そのため、第１実施形態では、振動発電デバイス２を非磁性体で構成される支持部材３１に接続することで、磁路の分岐を防ぎ、発電装置１の発電効率の低下を防ぐことができる。 FIG. 2 shows a comparative example of the first embodiment. Here, instead of removing the support member 31 from the power generation device 1 shown in FIG. 1B, the mounting member 30 is also arranged in the portion where the support member 31 is arranged. In this comparative example, the mounting member 30 which is a magnetic material also serves as a support member, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing how the magnetic path generated by the vibration power generation device 2 branches. Specifically, FIG. 2 shows a magnetostrictive element 10 included in the vibration power generation device 2, a first yoke 11, an upright portion 17B of the second yoke 17, a support member connecting portion 17A of the second yoke 17, and power generation. The state in which the closed magnetic path 50 is formed by the magnet 18 is shown. Further, the branch magnetic path 50A composed of the magnetostrictive element 10 of the power generation device 2, the first yoke 11, the upright portion 17B of the second yoke 17, the mounting member 30, and the power generation magnet 18 is branched. The state of branching from the closed magnetic path 50 in the area 40 is shown. As described above, in the comparative example shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic path passing through the support member connecting portion 17A of the second yoke 17 and the magnetic path passing through the mounting member 30 are branched to compare with the case of one magnetic path. This causes magnetic loss and reduces power generation efficiency.
Therefore, in the first embodiment, by connecting the vibration power generation device 2 to the support member 31 made of a non-magnetic material, it is possible to prevent the magnetic path from branching and prevent the power generation efficiency of the power generation device 1 from deteriorating.

図３は第１実施形態の別の比較例として、図１Ｂに示す発電装置１のうち、第２磁石２２の極性を逆にして配置した場合に、第１磁石２１と、第２磁石２２と、振動体２０と、取付部材３０とで構成される、閉鎖磁路５１と、振動発電デバイス２で生じた閉鎖磁路５０とが、磁力干渉する様子を示す正面図である。 FIG. 3 shows, as another comparative example of the first embodiment, the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 when the second magnet 22 is arranged in the opposite polarity in the power generation device 1 shown in FIG. 1B. It is a front view showing how the closed magnetic path 51 composed of the vibrating body 20, the mounting member 30, and the closed magnetic path 50 generated by the vibration power generation device 2 magnetically interfere with each other.

図３では、第１磁石２１の磁石取付面３０Ａ側は、Ｎ極であり、第１磁石２１の磁石取付面２０Ａ側は、Ｓ極である。一方、第２磁石２２の磁石取付面３０Ａ側は、Ｓ極であり、第２磁石２２の磁石取付面２０Ａ側は、Ｎ極である。このとき、第１磁石２１のＮ極で生じた磁束が取付部材３０を経由して、第２磁石２２のＳ極に到達し、第２磁石２２のＮ極から、磁性体である振動体２０を経由して、第１磁石２１のＳ極に到達する閉鎖磁路５１が形成される。この磁路が、振動発電デバイス２の磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、第２ヨーク１７の起立部１７Ｂと、第２ヨーク１７の支持部材接続部１７Ａと、発電用磁石１８とで構成される閉鎖磁路５０と干渉して、磁力干渉が発生するため、発電効率を減少させる。 In FIG. 3, the magnet mounting surface 30A side of the first magnet 21 is the N pole, and the magnet mounting surface 20A side of the first magnet 21 is the S pole. On the other hand, the magnet mounting surface 30A side of the second magnet 22 is the S pole, and the magnet mounting surface 20A side of the second magnet 22 is the N pole. At this time, the magnetic flux generated at the N pole of the first magnet 21 reaches the S pole of the second magnet 22 via the mounting member 30, and from the N pole of the second magnet 22, the vibrating body 20 which is a magnetic material. A closed magnetic path 51 that reaches the S pole of the first magnet 21 is formed via the above. This magnetic path is composed of a magnetic strain element 10 of the vibration power generation device 2, a first yoke 11, an upright portion 17B of the second yoke 17, a support member connecting portion 17A of the second yoke 17, and a magnet 18 for power generation. Since it interferes with the closed magnetic path 50 to generate magnetic interference, the power generation efficiency is reduced.

一方、図４は、第１実施形態として、図１Ｂに示す発電装置１のように、第１磁石２１の極性と第２磁石２２の極性とが同じになるように配置した場合に、図３に示すような磁力干渉を防ぐ様子を示す正面図である。 On the other hand, FIG. 4 shows the case where, as the first embodiment, the polarity of the first magnet 21 and the polarity of the second magnet 22 are arranged to be the same as in the power generation device 1 shown in FIG. 1B. It is a front view which shows how to prevent the magnetic force interference as shown in.

図４では、第１磁石２１の磁石取付面３０Ａ側と第２磁石２２の磁石取付面３０Ａ側とがＮ極で同極であり、第１磁石２１の磁石取付面２０Ａ側と第２磁石２２の磁石取付面２０Ａ側とがＳ極で同極である。このような構成によれば、第１磁石２１のＮ極で生じた磁束と第２磁石２２のＮ極で生じた磁束とが磁力干渉エリア４１で打ち消し合う。つまり、図４に示すように、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向沿いに平行な方向において、第１磁石２１のＮ極から磁力干渉エリア４１の手前で折り返して第１磁石２１のＳ極に到達する閉鎖磁路５１１が構成される。また、第２磁石２２のＮ極から磁力干渉エリア４１の手前で折り返して第２磁石２２のＳ極に到達する閉鎖磁路５２２が構成される。その結果、磁力干渉エリア４１を磁束が通過しないため、振動発電デバイス２への磁力干渉を防ぐことができる。 In FIG. 4, the magnet mounting surface 30A side of the first magnet 21 and the magnet mounting surface 30A side of the second magnet 22 are N poles and have the same pole, and the magnet mounting surface 20A side of the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22. The magnet mounting surface 20A side of the above is the same pole as the S pole. According to such a configuration, the magnetic flux generated at the N pole of the first magnet 21 and the magnetic flux generated at the N pole of the second magnet 22 cancel each other out in the magnetic force interference area 41. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50, the N pole of the first magnet 21 is folded back in front of the magnetic force interference area 41 to reach the S pole of the first magnet 21. A closed magnetic path 511 is configured. Further, a closed magnetic path 522 is configured which is folded back from the N pole of the second magnet 22 in front of the magnetic interference area 41 to reach the S pole of the second magnet 22. As a result, since the magnetic flux does not pass through the magnetic force interference area 41, it is possible to prevent the magnetic force interference with the vibration power generation device 2.

図５及び図６は、第１実施形態として、図１Ａに示す発電装置が有する第１磁石２１〜第４磁石２４の自己減磁力を低減する磁路の方向を示す図である。 5 and 6 are views showing the direction of a magnetic path for reducing the self-demagnetizing force of the first magnets 21 to 4 magnets 24 included in the power generation device shown in FIG. 1A as the first embodiment.

第１磁石２１と第２磁石２２とを同極とすることで、振動発電デバイス２への磁力干渉を防ぐことができる。しかしながら、第１磁石２１のＮ極から生じる磁束と第２磁石２２のＮ極から生じる磁束とが、例えば、図４に示すように空気を通過して開いた磁路５２を形成する。このとき、それぞれの磁石内部では自己減磁力が発生し、磁石の磁力を低下させる。そのため、磁石を使用する長期間の固定に悪影響を及ぼす恐れがある。 By making the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 have the same pole, it is possible to prevent magnetic interference with the vibration power generation device 2. However, the magnetic flux generated from the N pole of the first magnet 21 and the magnetic flux generated from the N pole of the second magnet 22 form, for example, an open magnetic path 52 through air as shown in FIG. At this time, a self-depleting magnetic force is generated inside each magnet, and the magnetic force of the magnet is reduced. Therefore, there is a risk of adversely affecting long-term fixation using magnets.

図５及び図６では、第１磁石２１のＮ極と第２磁石２２のＮ極とが、取付部材３０の磁石取付面３０Ａと接続し、第１磁石２１のＳ極と第２磁石２２のＳ極とが、振動体２０の磁石取付面２０Ａと接続している。また、第３磁石２３のＳ極と第４磁石２４のＳ極とが、取付部材３０の磁石取付面３０Ａと接続し、第３磁石２３のＮ極と第４磁石２４のＮ極とが、振動体２０の磁石取付面２０Ａと接続している。言い換えると、図５及び図６では、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向沿いに対向する第１磁石２１と第２磁石２２とが同極であり、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と交差する方向、例えば、振動発電デバイス２の幅方向沿いに対向する第３磁石と第４磁石とが異極である。
このような構成によれば、第１磁石２１のＮ極で生じた磁束が支持部材３０を介して第３磁石２３のＳ極に到達し、第３磁石２３のＮ極から、磁性体である振動体２０を経由して、第１磁石２１のＳ極に到達する閉鎖磁路５３が形成される。また、第２磁石２２のＮ極で生じた磁束が支持部材３０を介して第４磁石２４のＳ極に到達し、第４磁石２４のＮ極から、磁性体である振動体２０を経由して、第２磁石２２のＳ極に到達する閉鎖磁路５４が形成される。閉鎖磁路５４は、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向沿いの方向に、閉鎖磁路５３に対して互いに対向するように形成される。これにより、磁石２１〜２４のそれぞれの磁石内部の自己減磁力を抑えて各磁石の磁力の低下を防ぎ、磁石による長期間の固定を可能にする。
また、磁石２１〜２４において互いに対向する面が平行であるため、磁束密度が均一になり、閉鎖磁路を形成しやすくなる。 In FIGS. 5 and 6, the N pole of the first magnet 21 and the N pole of the second magnet 22 are connected to the magnet mounting surface 30A of the mounting member 30, and the S pole of the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 are connected to each other. The S pole is connected to the magnet mounting surface 20A of the vibrating body 20. Further, the S pole of the third magnet 23 and the S pole of the fourth magnet 24 are connected to the magnet mounting surface 30A of the mounting member 30, and the N pole of the third magnet 23 and the N pole of the fourth magnet 24 are connected to each other. It is connected to the magnet mounting surface 20A of the vibrating body 20. In other words, in FIGS. 5 and 6, the first magnet 21 and the second magnet 22 facing each other along the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50 have the same poles and intersect the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50, for example. The third magnet and the fourth magnet facing each other along the width direction of the vibration power generation device 2 are different poles.
According to such a configuration, the magnetic flux generated at the N pole of the first magnet 21 reaches the S pole of the third magnet 23 via the support member 30, and is a magnetic material from the N pole of the third magnet 23. A closed magnetic path 53 that reaches the S pole of the first magnet 21 is formed via the vibrating body 20. Further, the magnetic flux generated at the N pole of the second magnet 22 reaches the S pole of the fourth magnet 24 via the support member 30, and from the N pole of the fourth magnet 24 via the vibrating body 20 which is a magnetic material. Therefore, a closed magnetic path 54 that reaches the S pole of the second magnet 22 is formed. The closed magnetic path 54 is formed so as to face each other with respect to the closed magnetic path 53 in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50. As a result, the self-depleting magnetic force inside each of the magnets 21 to 24 is suppressed to prevent the magnetic force of each magnet from decreasing, and the magnets can be fixed for a long period of time.
Further, since the surfaces of the magnets 21 to 24 facing each other are parallel to each other, the magnetic flux density becomes uniform and it becomes easy to form a closed magnetic path.

次に、第１実施形態の発電装置１の発電動作について説明する。 Next, the power generation operation of the power generation device 1 of the first embodiment will be described.

振動体２０は、磁性体で構成され、例えば、ビル又は橋梁などの構造物である。振動体２０に対して、振動体２０が有する磁石取付面２０Ａに磁力で吸着する第１磁石２１、第２磁石２２、第３磁石２３、及び第４磁石２４を介して、発電装置１が固定される。 The vibrating body 20 is made of a magnetic material and is, for example, a structure such as a building or a bridge. The power generation device 1 is fixed to the vibrating body 20 via the first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, the third magnet 23, and the fourth magnet 24 that are magnetically attracted to the magnet mounting surface 20A of the vibrating body 20. Will be done.

振動体２０が外力により振動すると、振動体２０に発生した振動は、第１磁石２１と、第２磁石２２と、第３磁石２３と、第４磁石２４とをそれぞれ介して、取付部材３０に伝達される。取付部材３０に伝達された振動は、支持部材３１を介して振動発電デバイス２に伝達される。 When the vibrating body 20 vibrates due to an external force, the vibration generated in the vibrating body 20 is transmitted to the mounting member 30 via the first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, the third magnet 23, and the fourth magnet 24, respectively. Be transmitted. The vibration transmitted to the mounting member 30 is transmitted to the vibration power generation device 2 via the support member 31.

振動発電デバイス２に伝達された振動は、支持部材３１に接続されている支持部材接続部１７Ａを介して第２ヨーク１７に伝達され、第２ヨーク１７に伝達された振動は、第２ヨーク１７の起立部１７Ｂに固定されている第１ヨーク１１の固定端部１１Ｂを介して、第１ヨーク１１に伝達される。 The vibration transmitted to the vibration power generation device 2 is transmitted to the second yoke 17 via the support member connecting portion 17A connected to the support member 31, and the vibration transmitted to the second yoke 17 is transmitted to the second yoke 17. It is transmitted to the first yoke 11 via the fixed end portion 11B of the first yoke 11 fixed to the upright portion 17B of the above.

すなわち、取付部材３０又は支持部材３１の厚み方向（例えば、図１Ｂでは上下方向）と同方向（図１Ｂでは振動方向６）に振動体２０が振動すると、上述の振動伝達の経路を介して、第１ヨーク１１に、外力による振動方向６の方向の振動が伝達される。第１ヨーク１１は、自由端部１１Ａに固定されている錘１４に生じる慣性力により、錘１４が配置されずに第１ヨーク１１のみで振動する場合よりも振幅が増加する。
このような振動により、第１ヨーク１１が伸張及び圧縮（言い換えれば、たわみ）を繰り返すことで、第１ヨーク１１に固定されている磁歪素子１０も伸張及び圧縮を繰り返す。 That is, when the vibrating body 20 vibrates in the same direction (vibration direction 6 in FIG. 1B) as the thickness direction of the mounting member 30 or the support member 31 (for example, the vertical direction in FIG. 1B), the vibrating body 20 vibrates via the above-mentioned vibration transmission path. Vibration in the vibration direction 6 due to an external force is transmitted to the first yoke 11. The amplitude of the first yoke 11 increases due to the inertial force generated in the weight 14 fixed to the free end portion 11A as compared with the case where the weight 14 is not arranged and vibrates only with the first yoke 11.
Due to such vibration, the first yoke 11 repeatedly expands and compresses (in other words, bends), so that the magnetostrictive element 10 fixed to the first yoke 11 also repeats expansion and compression.

磁歪素子１０が伸張及び圧縮することで、磁歪素子１０の磁化を変化させる逆磁歪効果が生じる。具体的には、磁歪素子１０を長手方向に伸張させる引張力が生じると、磁歪素子１０の磁化が増加し、磁歪素子１０を長手方向に圧縮させる圧縮力が生じると、磁歪素子１０の磁化が減少する。このような磁化の時間的変化により、コイル１２に誘導電流が発生する。また、磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、錘１４とがそれぞれ有する固有振動数の値が振動体２０に発生した振動の振動周波数と一致すると、磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、錘１４とが共振するため、連続発電をすることができる。なお、一致とは略一致を含む。 When the magnetostrictive element 10 expands and compresses, a reverse magnetostrictive effect that changes the magnetization of the magnetostrictive element 10 occurs. Specifically, when a tensile force that stretches the magnetostrictive element 10 in the longitudinal direction is generated, the magnetization of the magnetostrictive element 10 increases, and when a compressive force that compresses the magnetostrictive element 10 in the longitudinal direction is generated, the magnetization of the magnetostrictive element 10 is generated. Decrease. Due to such a temporal change in magnetization, an induced current is generated in the coil 12. Further, when the values of the natural frequencies of the magnetostrictive element 10, the first yoke 11, and the weight 14 match the vibration frequency of the vibration generated in the vibrating body 20, the magnetostrictive element 10, the first yoke 11, and the first yoke 11 Since it resonates with the weight 14, continuous power generation can be performed. It should be noted that the match includes a substantially match.

第１実施形態に係る発電装置１によれば、図１Ａ及び図１Ｂに示すように、磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、第２ヨーク１７の起立部１７Ｂと、第２ヨーク１７の支持部材接続部１７Ａと、発電用磁石１８とを有する振動発電デバイス２を非磁性体の支持部材３１に取り付けることで、発電装置１の発電効率の減少を防ぐことができる。具体的には、磁歪素子１０と、第１ヨーク１１と、第２ヨーク１７の起立部１７Ｂと、第２ヨーク１７の支持部材接続部１７Ａと、発電用磁石１８とで構成される閉鎖磁路５０の分岐を、非磁性体の支持部材３１が防ぐため、発電装置１の発電効率の減少を防ぐことができる。
また、第１磁石２１と第２磁石２２と、及び第３磁石２３と第４磁石２４とは、それぞれ閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と平行な方向で互いに対向することで、対向する磁石同士の磁束を打ち消し合い、閉鎖磁路５０への干渉を防ぐ。そのため、発電装置１の発電効率の減少を防ぐことができる。
更に、第１磁石２１と第３磁石２３と、及び第２磁石２２と第４磁石２４とは、それぞれ閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と交差する方向、例えば、振動発電デバイス２の幅方向で互いに対向することで、それぞれの磁石内部の自己減磁力を抑えて磁力を長期間保持できるため、発電装置を長期間固定することができる。 According to the power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the magnetostrictive element 10, the first yoke 11, the upright portion 17B of the second yoke 17, and the support of the second yoke 17 are supported. By attaching the vibration power generation device 2 having the member connecting portion 17A and the power generation magnet 18 to the non-magnetic support member 31, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the power generation device 1. Specifically, a closed magnetic path composed of a magnetostrictive element 10, a first yoke 11, an upright portion 17B of the second yoke 17, a support member connecting portion 17A of the second yoke 17, and a magnet 18 for power generation. Since the non-magnetic support member 31 prevents the 50 branches, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the power generation device 1.
Further, the first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, and the third magnet 23 and the fourth magnet 24 face each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50, so that the magnets facing each other are opposed to each other. The magnetic fluxes cancel each other out and prevent interference with the closed magnetic path 50. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the power generation device 1.
Further, the first magnet 21, the third magnet 23, and the second magnet 22 and the fourth magnet 24 each intersect in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50, for example, in the width direction of the vibration power generation device 2. By facing each other, the self-depleting force inside each magnet can be suppressed and the magnetic force can be maintained for a long period of time, so that the power generation device can be fixed for a long period of time.

（第２実施形態）
本発明の第２実施形態に係る発電装置１は、図７Ａと図７Ｂと図８とに示すように、第５磁石２５と第６磁石２６とを備えている点で、第１実施形態と異なっている。また、第１磁石２１と、第２磁石２２と、第３磁石２３と、第４磁石２４とのそれぞれの磁石取付面３０Ａ側の極性は、いずれもＮ極で同極である点で、第１実施形態と異なっている。なお、第２実施形態では、第１実施形態と同一部分に同一参照番号を付して説明を省略し、第１実施形態と異なる点について説明する。 (Second Embodiment)
As shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 8, the power generation device 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the fifth magnet 25 and the sixth magnet 26, and is the same as the first embodiment. It's different. Further, the polarities of the first magnet 21, the second magnet 22, the third magnet 23, and the fourth magnet 24 on the magnet mounting surface 30A side are all the same at the north pole. It is different from one embodiment. In the second embodiment, the same reference numbers are assigned to the same parts as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted, and the points different from those in the first embodiment will be described.

第５磁石２５と、第６磁石２６とは、それぞれ、磁石２１〜２４と同様の形状である。つまり、磁石２１〜２６の形状は、６つとも同一形状であり、同一の高さである。磁石２１〜２６の形状は直方体であって、それぞれの磁石において互いに対向する面が平行である。なお、磁石２１〜２６は、例えば、円柱体などの他の形状であってもよい。
第５磁石２５と、第６磁石２６とは、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と平行な方向で互いに対向する。第５磁石２５は、第１磁石２１と第３磁石２３との間に、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と交差する方向、例えば、振動発電デバイス２の幅方向に一直線に配置され、第５磁石２５のＳ極が取付部材３０の磁石取付面３０Ａと接続している。また、第６磁石２６は、第２磁石２２と第４磁石２４との間に、閉鎖磁路５０の長手方向と交差する方向、例えば、振動発電デバイス２の幅方向に一直線に配置され、第６磁石２６のＳ極が取付部材３０の磁石取付面３０Ａと接続している。なお、第５磁石２５は、第１磁石２１と第３磁石２３との間の中心に配置されてもよく、第６磁石２６は、第２磁石２２と第４磁石２４との間の中心に配置されてもよい。 The fifth magnet 25 and the sixth magnet 26 have the same shape as the magnets 21 to 24, respectively. That is, the shapes of the magnets 21 to 26 are the same for all six magnets and have the same height. The shapes of the magnets 21 to 26 are rectangular parallelepipeds, and the surfaces of the magnets facing each other are parallel to each other. The magnets 21 to 26 may have other shapes such as a cylindrical body.
The fifth magnet 25 and the sixth magnet 26 face each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50. The fifth magnet 25 is arranged between the first magnet 21 and the third magnet 23 in a straight line in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50, for example, in the width direction of the vibration power generation device 2. The S pole of 25 is connected to the magnet mounting surface 30A of the mounting member 30. Further, the sixth magnet 26 is arranged between the second magnet 22 and the fourth magnet 24 in a straight line in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path 50, for example, in the width direction of the vibration power generation device 2. The S pole of the 6 magnet 26 is connected to the magnet mounting surface 30A of the mounting member 30. The fifth magnet 25 may be arranged at the center between the first magnet 21 and the third magnet 23, and the sixth magnet 26 may be arranged at the center between the second magnet 22 and the fourth magnet 24. It may be arranged.

このような構成によれば、図１０に示すように、第５磁石２５のＮ極で生じた磁束が、振動体２０と、第１磁石２１のＳ極と、第１磁石２１のＮ極と、取付部材３０とを順に介して、第５磁石２５のＳ極に到達する。また、第５磁石２５のＮ極で生じた磁束が、振動体２０と、第３磁石２３のＳ極と、第３磁石２３のＮ極と、取付部材３０とを順に介して、第５磁石２５のＳ極に到達する。すなわち、図１０に示すように、第５磁石２５及び第１磁石２１で閉鎖磁路５５１が構成され、第５磁石２５及び第３磁石２３で閉鎖磁路５５３が構成される。
また、図９に示すように、第５磁石２５と第６磁石２６とは、振動発電デバイス２の長手方向の中心又は重心を通る幅方向の軸を対称軸として配置される。そのため、第６磁石２６及び第２磁石２２で、振動発電デバイス２の長手方向沿いの方向で閉鎖磁路５５１に対して互いに対向する閉鎖磁路５６２が構成される。また、第６磁石２６及び第４磁石２４で、振動発電デバイス２の長手方向沿いの方向で閉鎖磁路５５３に対して互いに対向する閉鎖磁路５６４が構成される。
更に、磁石２１〜２６において互いに対向する面が平行であるため、磁束密度が均一になり、閉鎖磁路を形成しやすくなる。
その結果、磁石２１〜２６において開いた磁路ではなく、閉鎖された磁路が構成されるため、各磁石内部の自己減磁力を抑えて磁力の低下を防ぐことができ、磁石による長期間の固定を可能にする。また、磁石が６つ配置されているため、同様の磁石が４つ配置されている場合と比べて、磁力による固定力が増加する。 According to such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 10, the magnetic flux generated in the N pole of the fifth magnet 25 is the vibrating body 20, the S pole of the first magnet 21, and the N pole of the first magnet 21. The S pole of the fifth magnet 25 is reached through the mounting member 30 in order. Further, the magnetic flux generated at the N pole of the fifth magnet 25 passes through the vibrating body 20, the S pole of the third magnet 23, the N pole of the third magnet 23, and the mounting member 30 in order, and the fifth magnet. Reach 25 S poles. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the fifth magnet 25 and the first magnet 21 form a closed magnetic path 551, and the fifth magnet 25 and the third magnet 23 form a closed magnetic path 553.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the fifth magnet 25 and the sixth magnet 26 are arranged with the axis in the width direction passing through the center in the longitudinal direction or the center of gravity of the vibration power generation device 2 as the axis of symmetry. Therefore, the sixth magnet 26 and the second magnet 22 form a closed magnetic path 562 facing each other with respect to the closed magnetic path 551 in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the vibration power generation device 2. Further, the sixth magnet 26 and the fourth magnet 24 form a closed magnetic path 564 facing each other with respect to the closed magnetic path 553 in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the vibration power generation device 2.
Further, since the surfaces of the magnets 21 to 26 facing each other are parallel to each other, the magnetic flux density becomes uniform and it becomes easy to form a closed magnetic path.
As a result, since the closed magnetic paths are formed instead of the open magnetic paths in the magnets 21 to 26, the self-depleting magnetic force inside each magnet can be suppressed and the decrease in the magnetic force can be prevented, and the magnets can be used for a long period of time. Allows fixation. Further, since six magnets are arranged, the fixing force due to the magnetic force increases as compared with the case where four similar magnets are arranged.

なお、前記様々な実施形態又は変形例のうちの任意の実施形態を適宜組み合わせることにより、それぞれの有する効果を奏するようにすることができる。また、実施形態同士の組み合わせ又は実施例同士の組み合わせ又は実施形態と実施例との組み合わせが可能であると共に、異なる実施形態又は実施例の中の特徴同士の組み合わせも可能である。 By appropriately combining any of the various embodiments or modifications thereof, the effects of each can be achieved. Further, a combination of embodiments, a combination of examples, or a combination of an embodiment and an embodiment is possible, and a combination of features in different embodiments or examples is also possible.

本発明の前記態様に係る発電装置は、例えば、ＩｏＴにおいてキーコンポーネントである無線センサーモジュールなどの電源として適用可能である。 The power generation device according to the above aspect of the present invention can be applied as a power source for, for example, a wireless sensor module which is a key component in IoT.

１発電装置
２磁歪式振動発電デバイス
６振動方向
１０磁歪素子
１１第１ヨーク
１１Ａ自由端部
１１Ｂ固定端部
１２コイル
１４錘
１７第２ヨーク
１７Ａ支持部材接続部
１７Ｂ起立部
１８発電用磁石
２０振動体
２０Ａ磁石取付面
２１第１磁石
２２第２磁石
２３第３磁石
２４第４磁石
２５第５磁石
２６第６磁石
３０取付部材
３０Ａ磁石取付面
３１支持部材
３２覆い部材
４０磁路の分岐エリア
４１固定用磁石による磁力干渉エリア
５０閉鎖磁路
５０Ａ分岐磁路
５１閉鎖磁路
５２開いた磁路
５３閉鎖磁路
５４閉鎖磁路
５１１閉鎖磁路
５２２閉鎖磁路
５５１閉鎖磁路
５５３閉鎖磁路
５６２閉鎖磁路
５６４閉鎖磁路
１００従来例における発電装置
１１０振動源
１１４開口
１２０自由端側
１３０固定端側
１３１固定ピン
１４０錘
１５０フレーム
１６０発電部
１６１磁歪素子
１６２コイル
１６３磁性部材
１７０第１磁石
１７１第２磁石
１８０第１連結部材
１８１第２連結部材
１９０支柱 1 Power generation device 2 Magnetic strain type vibration power generation device 6 Vibration direction 10 Magnetic strain element 11 1st yoke 11A Free end 11B Fixed end 12 Coil 14 Weight 17 2nd yoke 17A Support member connection 17B Standing part 18 Power generation magnet 20 Vibrating body 20A Magnet mounting surface 21 1st magnet 22 2nd magnet 23 3rd magnet 24 4th magnet 25 5th magnet 26 6th magnet 30 Mounting member 30A Magnet mounting surface 31 Support member 32 Covering member 40 Magnetic path branch area 41 For fixing Magnetic interference area by magnet 50 Closed magnetic path 50A Branched magnetic path 51 Closed magnetic path 52 Open magnetic path 53 Closed magnetic path 54 Closed magnetic path 511 Closed magnetic path 522 Closed magnetic path 551 Closed magnetic path 552 Closed magnetic path 562 Closed magnetic path 564 Closed magnetic path 100 Power generation device 110 in the conventional example Vibration source 114 Opening 120 Free end side 130 Fixed end side 131 Fixed pin 140 Weight 150 Frame 160 Power generation unit 161 Magnetic strain element 162 Coil 163 Magnetic member 170 First magnet 171 Second magnet 180 1st connecting member 181 2nd connecting member 190 Strut

Claims

Vibration power generation device and
A support member composed of a non-magnetic material and having a support surface on which the vibration power generation device is arranged along the longitudinal direction,
A mounting member made of a magnetic material and connected to both ends of the support member in the longitudinal direction,
The first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet, which are arranged on the magnet mounting surface of the mounting member so as to be arranged at four places around the vibration power generation device,
Equipped with
The vibration power generation device is
A first yoke made of a non-magnetic material, having a free end and a fixed end,
A second yoke made of a magnetic material, having a support member connecting portion and an upright portion, and connecting one end of the support member connecting portion and one end of the upright portion in an L shape, and a second yoke.
An elongated plate-shaped magnetostrictive element made of magnetic material,
A coil arranged around the magnetostrictive element around the axis in the longitudinal direction of the magnetostrictive element with a space provided between the magnetostrictive element and the first yoke.
A magnet for power generation fixed to the second yoke and
The weight fixed to the first yoke and
Have,
The first yoke is arranged so as to face each other and be parallel to the support member connecting portion of the second yoke.
The fixed end portion of the first yoke and the upright portion of the second yoke are connected so as to be formed in a U shape by the first yoke and the second yoke.
The second yoke is connected to the support member at the support member connection portion, and is connected to the support member.
The power generation magnet is fixed to a surface of the support member connecting portion facing the first yoke.
The magnetostrictive element is connected to the fixed end side of the first yoke.
The weight is fixed to the free end side of the first yoke.
The first magnet and the second magnet, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet are parallel to a closed magnetic path composed of the magnetic strain element, the second yoke, and the power generation magnet, respectively. A magnetic path is formed, and the first magnet and the third magnet, and the second magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged so as to form a magnetic path intersecting the closed magnetic path, respectively.
The magnets facing each other along the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path have the same poles, and the magnets facing each other along the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path have different poles.
Power generator.

Further equipped with a fifth magnet and a sixth magnet,
The fifth magnet is arranged so that the first magnet, the fifth magnet, and the third magnet are arranged between the first magnet and the third magnet.
The sixth magnet is arranged so that the second magnet, the sixth magnet, and the fourth magnet are arranged between the second magnet and the fourth magnet.
The fifth magnet and the sixth magnet face each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the closed magnetic path.
The fifth magnet and the first magnet, the fifth magnet and the third magnet, the sixth magnet and the second magnet, and the sixth magnet and the fourth magnet are the closed magnetic paths, respectively. Arranged to form a magnetic path that intersects with
The fifth magnet and the sixth magnet are arranged so as to have the same pole as each other and the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet have different poles. Be done,
The power generation device according to claim 1.

The power generation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power generation magnet, the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet are neodymium-based permanent magnets, respectively. Device.

The power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the fifth magnet and the sixth magnet are neodymium-based permanent magnets, respectively.

The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power generation magnet is arranged so as to face the end of the magnetostrictive element on the free end side.

The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the magnetostrictive element has a length equal to or longer than the axial length of the coil in the axial direction.

The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the weight is a non-magnetic material.

The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coil is made of copper.

The power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a covering member arranged so as to cover the vibration power generation device and the support member and fixed to the support member.