JP2020534349A - 筋肉疾患および神経筋肉疾患の予防、治療または診断のためのmiR−18bの用途 - Google Patents
筋肉疾患および神経筋肉疾患の予防、治療または診断のためのmiR−18bの用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
<1−1> SOD1突然変異運動神経細胞の培養
遺伝子突然変異による筋肉疾患としての筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)は、SOD1突然変異によって発病し、運動神経細胞が失われることがよく知られている。そのため、ALSの診断および治療に利用可能なターゲットmiRNAを調べるために、SOD1突然変異運動神経細胞を下記のようにして培養した。
ALSの診断および治療に利用可能なターゲットmiRNAを調べるために、神経幹細胞(Neural stem cell;NSC)を下記のようにして分離および培養した。
遺伝子突然変異による筋肉疾患としてのデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィー(Duchenn muscular dystrophy;DMD)は、ジストロフィン遺伝子変異によるジストロフィンの欠乏によって発病することがよく知られている。そのため、筋ジストロフィーの診断および治療に利用可能なターゲットmiRNAを調べるために、ジストロフィンの発現抑制筋芽細胞を下記のようにして作成および培養した。
遺伝子突然変異は、RNAの生合成と関わりがあるので、RNAの生合成に関与するmiRNAを遺伝子突然変異による筋肉疾患としてのALSの診断および治療のためのターゲット因子として用いることができる。そのため、SOD1突然変異によるRNAの生合成の変化を調べるために、mtNSC−34細胞を核および細胞質に分画化し、核分画および細胞質分画を用いて、転写体(transcriptome)の解析を行った後、mtNSC−34細胞の核と細胞質との発現差がある遺伝子の発現をRT−PCRおよびqRT−PCRを行って確認した。
SOD1突然変異が細胞に及ぼす影響を調べるために、mtNSC−34細胞において、細胞内のカルシウムシグナル伝達、細胞分化および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
miRNAは、最も代表的な転写後調節子(post−transcription alregulator)の一つであることがよく知られている。そのため、mtNSC−34細胞において、Hif1αおよびMef2cが上向き調節され、Mctp1とRarbが下向き調節されることを確認したので、Mef2cの上位調節子であるHif1αを調節可能なmiRNAおよびMctp1とRarbを調節可能なmiRNAを調べるために、TargetScan解析を行った。
<5−1> miR−18bの発現の抑制によるHif1αの上向き調節および細胞死滅の誘導の確認
SOD1突然変異によるmiR−18bの調節障害が下位機序の調節および細胞死滅と関わっているかどうかを調べるために、LNA(locked nucleic acid;ロックド核酸)阻害剤(inhibitor)を用いて、wtNSC−34細胞においてmiR−18bを減少させた後、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現を確認し、細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
miR−18bの過剰発現がSOD−1突然変異によって誘発されたHif1αの上向き調節および細胞死滅を抑えることができるかどうかを調べるために、mtNSC−34細胞にmiR−18bを過剰発現させた後、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現を確認した。なお、細胞内のカルシウムシグナル伝達、細胞分化および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
miR−18bがHif1αのターゲットmiRNAとして働き、miR−18bの調節障害によってHif1αの発現が上向き調節されることを確認したので、miR−18b経路においてHif1αが上向き調節された後の機序を調べるために、RNAiを用いてmtNSC−34細胞において、Hif1αの発現を減少させた後、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
<7−1> miR−206の過剰発現によるMctp1とRarbの下向き調節および細胞死滅の誘導の確認
SOD1突然変異の条件下でmiR−206の役割を調べるために、miR−206が過剰発現するNSC−34 cont細胞において、Mctp1とRarbの3'UTRを用いてルシフェラーゼレポーターの解析を行った。なお、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現を確認した。なお、細胞内のカルシウムシグナル伝達、細胞分化および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
SOD1突然変異条件下でmiR−206の役割を調べるために、LNA方法を用いてmtNSC−34細胞においてmiR−206の発現を減少させた後、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現を確認し、細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
<8−1> Mctp1およびRarbの発現の減少による細胞死滅の誘導の確認
前述の実施例から、miR−18bの調節障害によってHif1αの発現が誘導され、Hif1αによってMef2cの発現が誘導され、Mef2cによってmiR−206の発現が誘導され、miR−206によってMctp1およびRarbが転写後調節されることを確認した。そのため、Mctp1およびRarbの欠乏が細胞死滅を自ら誘導するか否かを調べるために、RNAiを用いてNSC−34 cont細胞において、Mctp1および/またはRarbの発現を減少させた後、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現を確認した。なお、細胞内のカルシウムシグナル伝達、細胞分化および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
Mctp1とRarbの発現の誘導によって細胞死滅が直接的に抑えられるかどうかを調べるために、mtNSC−34細胞にMctp1および/またはRarbを過剰発現させた後、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現を確認した。なお、細胞内のカルシウムシグナル伝達、細胞分化および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
突然変異の種類によらずに、SOD1突然変異がmiR−18bシグナル伝達経路の調節障害に中枢的な役割を果たすかどうかを調べるために、NSC−34 cont細胞において突然変異されたSOD1(G85R)およびSOD1(D90A)のそれぞれを過剰発現させた後、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行って関連因子の発現および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
<10−1> ALS動物モデルおよび家族性ALS患者におけるmiR−18bシグナル伝達経路の調節障害の確認
ALSにおいて遺伝子突然変異によってmiR−18bシグナル伝達経路の調節障害が引き起こされるかどうかを調べるために、ALSマウスモデルおよび家族性ALS(fALS)患者のサンプルを採取し、ウェスターンブロッティングおよびqRT−PCRを行ってmiR−18bシグナル伝達経路関連因子の発現および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
miR−18bシグナル伝達経路がヒト運動ニューロン(motor neuron;MN)に中枢的な役割を果たすかどうかを調べるために、家族性ALS(fALS(G17S))患者の血液を採取し、血液からヒト誘導万能幹細胞(human Induced pluripotent stem cell;hiPSC)を誘導し、前記hiPSCから神経幹細胞(human neural stem cells;hNSCs)への分化後に運動ニューロンに分化させ、qRT−PCRを行って、miR−18bシグナル伝達経路関連因子の発現を確認した。なお、細胞内のカルシウムシグナル伝達、細胞分化および細胞死滅の変化を確認した。
<11−1> ジストロフィン(Dystrophin)発現抑制筋芽細胞におけるmiR−18調節障害の確認
他の遺伝子突然変異による筋肉疾患として、DMDにおいて遺伝子変異によってmiR−18b調節障害が引き起こされるかどうかを調べるために、qRT−PCRを行い、ジストロフィン発現抑制筋芽細胞においてmiR−18の発現を確認した。
DMDにおいて遺伝子変異によってmiR−18b調節障害が引き起こされるかどうかを調べるために、qRT−PCRを行い、DMD動物モデルにおいてmiR−18の発現を確認した。
Claims (14)
- miR−18bを有効成分として含有する、筋肉疾患の予防または治療用の薬学組成物。
- 前記miR−18bは、ベクターに含まれるか、あるいは、細胞に取り込まれた形で与えられることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の筋肉疾患の予防または治療用の薬学組成物。
- 前記miR−18bは、成熟型のmiR−18bまたは前駆体型のmiR−18bであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の筋肉疾患の予防または治療用の薬学組成物。
- 前記成熟型のmiR−18bは、配列番号1または配列番号2に示され、前記前駆体型のmiR−18bは、配列番号3に示されることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の筋肉疾患の予防または治療用の薬学組成物。
- 前記筋肉疾患は、遺伝子突然変異によって誘発された筋肉疾患であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の筋肉疾患の予防または治療用の薬学組成物。
- 前記筋肉疾患は、重症筋無力症(myasthenia gravis)、進行性筋ジストロフィー(progressive muscular dystrophy)、筋強直性筋ジストロフィー(myotonic muscular dystrophy)、デュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィー(Duchenne muscular dystrophy)、ベッカー型筋ジストロフィー(Backer muscular dystrophy)、肢帯型筋ジストロフィー(Limb Girdle muscular dystrophy)、顔面肩甲上腕型筋ジストロフィー(facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy)、脊髄性筋萎縮症(spinal muscular amyotrophy)、筋萎縮症(muscular atrophy)、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)、球脊髄性筋萎縮症(spinobulbar muscular atrophy)、シャルコー・マリー・トゥース病(Charcot Marie Tooth disease;CMT)、ポンペ病(Pompe disease)、カナバン病(Canavan disease)、ジストニア(筋緊張異常)(dystonia)、サルコペニア(筋肉減少症)(sacopenia)および筋肉退化症よりなる群から選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の筋肉疾患の予防または治療用の薬学組成物。
- 被検体から分離された試料からmiR−18bの発現レベルを測定し、正常対照群と比較するステップを含む、筋肉疾患の診断情報を提供する方法。
- 前記試料は、組織、細胞、血漿、血清、血液、唾液および小便よりなる群から選ばれるいずれか1種であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の筋肉疾患の診断情報を提供する方法。
- 前記発現レベルは、RT−PCR(Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction)、定量的RT−PCR、リアルタイムRT−PCR、ノーザンブロッティング(Northern blotting)、転写体(transcriptome)の解析よりなる群から選ばれるいずれか1つ以上の方法で測定することを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の筋肉疾患の診断情報を提供する方法。
- 前記試料からHif1α(hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha)、Mef2c(myocyte specific enhancer factor 2c)、Mctp1(multiple C2 domains transmembrane protein 1)、Rarb(retinoic acid receptor beta)およびmiR−206よりなる群から選ばれるいずれか1種以上の発現レベルを測定し、正常対照群と比較するステップをさらに含む、請求項7に記載の筋肉疾患の診断情報を提供する方法。
- 前記筋肉疾患は、遺伝子突然変異によって誘発された筋肉疾患であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の筋肉疾患の診断情報を提供する方法。
- 前記筋肉疾患は、重症筋無力症(myasthenia gravis)、進行性筋ジストロフィー(progressive muscular dystrophy)、筋強直性筋ジストロフィー(myotonic muscular dystrophy)、デュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィー(Duchenne muscular dystrophy)、ベッカー型筋ジストロフィー(Backer muscular dystrophy)、肢帯型筋ジストロフィー(Limb Girdle muscular dystrophy)、顔面肩甲上腕型筋ジストロフィー(facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy)、脊髄性筋萎縮症(spinal muscular amyotrophy)、筋萎縮症(muscular atrophy)、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)、球脊髄性筋萎縮症(spinobulbar muscular atrophy)、シャルコー・マリー・トゥース病(Charcot Marie Tooth disease;CMT)、ポンペ病(Pompe disease)、カナバン病(Canavan disease)、ジストニア(筋緊張異常)(dystonia)、サルコペニア(筋肉減少症)(sacopenia)および筋肉退化症よりなる群から選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の筋肉疾患の診断情報を提供する方法。
- 薬学的に有効な量のmiR−18bを個体に投与するステップを含む筋肉疾患の予防または治療方法。
- 筋肉疾患の予防または治療用の薬学的組成物として用いるためのmiR−18bの用途。
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