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JP2020198183A - Connection controller and connection control method - Google Patents

Connection controller and connection control method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2020198183A
JP2020198183A JP2019102790A JP2019102790A JP2020198183A JP 2020198183 A JP2020198183 A JP 2020198183A JP 2019102790 A JP2019102790 A JP 2019102790A JP 2019102790 A JP2019102790 A JP 2019102790A JP 2020198183 A JP2020198183 A JP 2020198183A
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battery cells
connection
temperature
battery
control device
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Inventor
ヒャンヒ リ
Hyang-Hui Lee
ヒャンヒ リ
幸大 竹之内
Yukihiro Takenouchi
幸大 竹之内
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Denso Ten Ltd
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Denso Ten Ltd
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Priority to JP2019102790A priority Critical patent/JP2020198183A/en
Priority to DE102019133915.4A priority patent/DE102019133915A1/en
Publication of JP2020198183A publication Critical patent/JP2020198183A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a connection controller and a connection control method inhibiting progress of deterioration of battery cells.SOLUTION: In a connection controller 2, an acquisition unit 21 acquires multiple cell voltages corresponding to multiple battery cells, respectively, multiple cell currents corresponding to multiple battery cells, respectively, and the temperature of a battery pack 1. A resistance calculation part 22 calculates multiple internal resistance values corresponding to multiple battery cells, respectively, on the basis of multiple cell voltages and multiple cell currents. A determination part 23 determines whether the multiple battery cells are connected in series or in parallel, on the basis of at least one of the multiple internal resistance values and the temperature of the battery pack 1. A changeover control section 24 controls a connection changeover part for changing over connection of the multiple battery cells, based on determination of the determination part 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

本発明は、接続制御装置及び接続制御方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a connection control device and a connection control method.

複数の電池セルを含む組電池では、各電池セルのＳＯＣ（ｓｔａｔｅ ｏｆ ｃｈａｒｇｅ）にばらつきが生じる場合がある。各電池セルのＳＯＣにばらつきが生じた場合、組電池の利用効率が低下する。 In an assembled battery including a plurality of battery cells, the SOC (state of charge) of each battery cell may vary. If the SOC of each battery cell varies, the utilization efficiency of the assembled battery decreases.

特許文献１の発明は、組電池に含まれる電池セルのＳＯＣを均等化することで、組電池の利用効率低下を抑止する。具体的には、特許文献１の発明は、ＳＯＣの高い電池セルからＳＯＣの低い電池に電荷を移動させることで、組電池に含まれる電池セルのＳＯＣを均等化する。しかし、組電池に含まれるＳＯＣを均等化しても、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することはできない。 The invention of Patent Document 1 suppresses a decrease in utilization efficiency of an assembled battery by equalizing the SOCs of the battery cells contained in the assembled battery. Specifically, the invention of Patent Document 1 equalizes the SOC of the battery cell contained in the assembled battery by transferring the charge from the battery cell having a high SOC to the battery having a low SOC. However, even if the SOC contained in the assembled battery is equalized, the progress of deterioration of the battery cell cannot be suppressed.

特開２００２−０４２９０１号公報JP-A-2002-042901

本発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止する接続制御装置及び接続切制御法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a connection control device and a connection disconnection control method for suppressing the progress of deterioration of a battery cell.

（第１の発明）
第１の発明に係る接続制御装置は、組電池に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続を制御する接続制御装置であって、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電圧と、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電流と、前記組電池の温度とを取得する取得部と、前記取得部により取得された複数のセル電圧及び複数のセル電流に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値を算出する抵抗算出部と、前記抵抗算出部により算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つと前記取得部により取得された前記組電池の温度とのうち、少なくとも一方に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか並列に接続するかを決定する決定部と、前記決定部の決定に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの接続を切り替える接続切替部を制御する切替制御部と、を備える。 (First invention)
The connection control device according to the first invention is a connection control device that controls the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in an assembled battery, and includes a plurality of cell voltages corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells and the plurality of cell voltages. Based on the acquisition unit that acquires the plurality of cell currents corresponding to each of the battery cells, the temperature of the assembled battery, the plurality of cell voltages acquired by the acquisition unit, and the plurality of cell currents. A resistance calculation unit that calculates a plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the battery cells, at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values calculated by the resistance calculation unit, and the temperature of the assembled battery acquired by the acquisition unit. A determination unit that determines whether to connect the plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel based on at least one of them, and a determination unit that determines whether the plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel and the connection of the plurality of battery cells are switched based on the determination of the determination unit. It includes a switching control unit that controls the connection switching unit.

電池セルに電流が流れた場合、電池セルは、電池セルの内部抵抗に起因して発熱するため、電池セルの温度が上昇する。電池セルの温度が所定の温度を超えて上昇した場合、電池セルの劣化が進行する。第１の発明は、複数の電池セルの複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つと、組電池の温度とのうち少なくとも一方に基づいて、複数の電池セルを直列又は並列に接続する。これにより、電池セルの温度が電池セルの劣化が進行する温度を超えることを抑制できる。したがって、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 When a current flows through the battery cell, the battery cell generates heat due to the internal resistance of the battery cell, so that the temperature of the battery cell rises. When the temperature of the battery cell rises above a predetermined temperature, the deterioration of the battery cell progresses. The first invention connects a plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel based on at least one of a plurality of internal resistance values of the plurality of battery cells and at least one of the temperature of the assembled battery. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cell from exceeding the temperature at which the deterioration of the battery cell progresses. Therefore, the progress of deterioration of the battery cell can be suppressed.

（第２の発明）
第２の発明は、第１の発明であって、前記決定部は、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、前記複数の電池セルを並列に接続することを決定する。 (Second invention)
The second invention is the first invention, in which the determination unit connects the plurality of battery cells in parallel when at least one of the plurality of calculated internal resistance values is equal to or greater than a resistance reference value. Decide that.

第２の発明は、算出された複数の内部抵抗値のうち少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、複数の電池セルを並列に接続する。このため、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルに流れる電流を抑制することができる。結果として、抵抗基準値以上の電池セルの温度上昇を緩やかにすることができるため、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルの温度が、劣化が進行する温度まで上昇することを抑止することができる。 In the second invention, when at least one of the calculated internal resistance values is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value, a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the current flowing through the battery cell including the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value. As a result, the temperature rise of the battery cell above the resistance reference value can be moderated, so that the temperature of the battery cell including the internal resistance value above the resistance reference value is prevented from rising to the temperature at which deterioration progresses. be able to.

（第３の発明）
第３の発明は、第２の発明であって、前記決定部は、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の全てが前記抵抗基準値未満である場合、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続することを決定する。 (Third invention)
The third invention is the second invention, in which the determination unit connects the plurality of battery cells in series when all of the plurality of calculated internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value. Decide that.

第３の発明は、算出された複数の内部抵抗値の全てが抵抗基準値未満である場合、複数の電池セルを直列に接続する。算出された複数の内部抵抗値の全てが抵抗基準値未満である場合、直列接続された複数の電池セルの発熱量は比較的小さい。この場合、電池セルの温度が、電池セルの劣化が進行する温度まで上昇することを抑制できる。結果として、第３の発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止しつつ、組電池を短時間で充電することができる。また、第３の発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止しつつ、複数の電池セルを並列接続する場合よりも大きな電圧を供給できる。 In the third invention, when all of the calculated internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value, a plurality of battery cells are connected in series. When all of the calculated internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value, the calorific value of the plurality of battery cells connected in series is relatively small. In this case, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cell from rising to a temperature at which the deterioration of the battery cell progresses. As a result, the third invention can charge the assembled battery in a short time while suppressing the progress of deterioration of the battery cell. Further, the third invention can supply a larger voltage than when a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel while suppressing the progress of deterioration of the battery cells.

（第４の発明）
第４の発明は、第１の発明であって、前記決定部は、前記組電池の温度が温度基準値以上である場合、前記複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定する。 (Fourth invention)
The fourth invention is the first invention, and the determination unit determines that the plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel when the temperature of the assembled battery is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value.

第４の発明は、組電池の温度が温度基準値以上である場合、複数の電池セルを並列接続する。これにより、電池セルの温度が電池セルの劣化が進行する温度まで上昇することを抑制することができる。したがって、第４の発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 In the fourth invention, when the temperature of the assembled battery is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value, a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cell from rising to a temperature at which the deterioration of the battery cell progresses. Therefore, the fourth invention can suppress the progress of deterioration of the battery cell.

（第５の発明）
第５の発明は、第４の発明であって、前記決定部は、前記組電池の温度が前記温度基準値未満である場合、前記複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する。 (Fifth invention)
The fifth invention is the fourth invention, and the determination unit determines that the plurality of battery cells are connected in series when the temperature of the assembled battery is lower than the temperature reference value.

第５の発明は、組電池の温度が温度基準値未満である場合、複数の電池セルを直列接続する。この場合、比較的大きな電流が複数の電池セルに流れた場合でも、電池セルの温度が、電池セルの劣化が進行する温度まで上昇することが抑制される。したがって、第５の発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止しつつ、組電池を短時間で充電することができる。また、第５の発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止しつつ、大きな電力を供給することができる。 In the fifth invention, when the temperature of the assembled battery is lower than the temperature reference value, a plurality of battery cells are connected in series. In this case, even when a relatively large current flows through the plurality of battery cells, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cells from rising to a temperature at which the deterioration of the battery cells progresses. Therefore, the fifth invention can charge the assembled battery in a short time while suppressing the progress of deterioration of the battery cell. Further, the fifth invention can supply a large amount of electric power while suppressing the progress of deterioration of the battery cell.

（第６の発明）
第６の発明は、第１の発明であって、前記取得部は、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル温度を取得し、前記決定部は、前記取得部により取得された複数のセル温度の少なくとも１つに基づいて、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか並列に接続するかを決定する。 (Sixth Invention)
A sixth aspect of the present invention is the first invention, wherein the acquisition unit acquires a plurality of cell temperatures corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells, and the determination unit acquires a plurality of cell temperatures acquired by the acquisition unit. Based on at least one of the cell temperatures of the above, it is determined whether the plurality of battery cells are connected in series or in parallel.

第６の発明は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル温度に基づいて、複数の電池セルを直列又は並列に接続する。これにより、第６の発明は、組電池に含まれる一部の電池セルの温度が局所的に変化した場合であっても、複数の電池セルの接続を変更することができる。したがって、第６の発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 A sixth invention connects a plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel based on a plurality of cell temperatures corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells. Thereby, the sixth invention can change the connection of a plurality of battery cells even when the temperature of some of the battery cells contained in the assembled battery changes locally. Therefore, the sixth invention can suppress the progress of deterioration of the battery cell.

（第７の発明）
第７の発明は、第１の発明であって、前記決定部は、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、又は、前記組電池の温度が温度基準値以上である場合、前記複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定し、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の全てが前記抵抗基準値未満であり、かつ、前記組電池の温度が前記温度基準値未満である場合、前記複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する。。 (7th invention)
The seventh invention is the first invention, and the determination unit determines that at least one of the plurality of calculated internal resistance values is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value, or the temperature of the assembled battery is the temperature reference. When it is equal to or more than the value, it is decided to connect the plurality of battery cells in parallel, all of the calculated internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value, and the temperature of the assembled battery is the temperature. If it is less than the reference value, it is determined to connect the plurality of battery cells in series. ..

第７の発明によれば、複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、複数の電池セルが並列接続される。抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルに流れる電流を抑制することにより、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルの温度上昇を緩やかにすることができる。このため、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルの温度が、劣化が進行する温度まで上昇することを抑止することができる。また、第７の発明によれば、組電池の温度が温度基準値以上である場合、複数の電池セルが並列接続される。これにより、電池セルの温度が電池セルの劣化が進行する温度まで上昇することを抑制することができる。 According to the seventh invention, when at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value, the plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel. By suppressing the current flowing through the battery cell containing the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value, the temperature rise of the battery cell containing the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value can be moderated. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cell including the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value from rising to the temperature at which deterioration progresses. Further, according to the seventh invention, when the temperature of the assembled battery is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value, a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cell from rising to a temperature at which the deterioration of the battery cell progresses.

第７の発明によれば、複数の内部抵抗値の全てが抵抗基準値未満であり、かつ、組電池の温度が温度基準値未満である場合、複数の電池セルが直列接続される。複数の電池セルを直列接続すると、複数の電池セルを並列接続した場合と比較して、複数の電池セルに大きな電流が流れる。しかし、複数の電池セルの内部抵抗値の全てが抵抗基準値未満である場合、電池セルの発熱量は比較的小さい。したがって、組電池の温度が温度基準値未満である場合、直列接続された複数の電池セルの各々の温度が電池セルの劣化が進行する温度まで上昇することが抑制される。 According to the seventh invention, when all of the plurality of internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value and the temperature of the assembled battery is less than the temperature reference value, the plurality of battery cells are connected in series. When a plurality of battery cells are connected in series, a large current flows through the plurality of battery cells as compared with the case where the plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel. However, when all of the internal resistance values of the plurality of battery cells are less than the resistance reference value, the amount of heat generated by the battery cells is relatively small. Therefore, when the temperature of the assembled battery is less than the temperature reference value, it is suppressed that the temperature of each of the plurality of battery cells connected in series rises to the temperature at which the deterioration of the battery cells progresses.

（第８の発明）
第８の発明に係る接続制御方法は、組電池に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続を制御する接続制御装置の接続制御方法であって、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電圧と、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電流と、前記組電池の温度とを取得する取得工程と、前記取得工程により取得された複数のセル電圧及び複数のセル電流に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値を算出する抵抗算出工程と、前記抵抗算出工程により算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つと前記取得工程により取得された前記組電池の温度とのうち、少なくとも一方に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか並列に接続するかを決定する決定工程と、前記決定工程の決定に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの接続を切り替える接続切替部を制御する切替制御工程と、を備える。 (8th invention)
The connection control method according to the eighth invention is a connection control method of a connection control device for controlling the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in an assembled battery, and is a plurality of cell voltages corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells. Based on the acquisition step of acquiring the plurality of cell currents corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells and the temperature of the assembled battery, and the plurality of cell voltages and the plurality of cell currents acquired by the acquisition step. A resistance calculation step of calculating a plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells, at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values calculated by the resistance calculation step, and the set acquired by the acquisition step. A determination step of determining whether to connect the plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel based on at least one of the battery temperatures, and the plurality of battery cells based on the determination of the determination step. It is provided with a switching control process for controlling a connection switching unit for switching the connection of the battery.

電池セルに電流が流れた場合、電池セルは、電池セルの内部抵抗に起因して発熱するため、電池セルの温度が上昇する。電池セルの温度が所定の温度を超えて上昇した場合、電池セルの劣化が進行する。第８の発明は、複数の電池セルの複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つと、組電池の温度とのうち少なくとも一方に基づいて、複数の電池セルを直列又は並列に接続する。これにより、電池セルの温度が電池セルの劣化が進行する温度を超えることを抑制できる。したがって、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 When a current flows through the battery cell, the battery cell generates heat due to the internal resistance of the battery cell, so that the temperature of the battery cell rises. When the temperature of the battery cell rises above a predetermined temperature, the deterioration of the battery cell progresses. The eighth invention connects a plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel based on at least one of a plurality of internal resistance values of the plurality of battery cells and at least one of the temperature of the assembled battery. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cell from exceeding the temperature at which the deterioration of the battery cell progresses. Therefore, the progress of deterioration of the battery cell can be suppressed.

本発明は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止する接続制御装置及び接続制御方法を提供することができる。 The present invention can provide a connection control device and a connection control method for suppressing the progress of deterioration of a battery cell.

本発明の実施の形態に係る接続制御装置を含む電源システムの構成を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the power-source system including the connection control device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 図１に示した組電池において、組電池に含まれる電池セルが直列接続されている場合の図である。It is a figure when the battery cells included in the assembled battery are connected in series in the assembled battery shown in FIG. 図１に示した組電池において、組電池に含まれる電池セルが並列接続されている場合の図である。It is a figure in the case where the battery cells included in the assembled battery are connected in parallel in the assembled battery shown in FIG. 図１に示した接続制御装置の構成を示す機能ブロック図である。It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the connection control device shown in FIG. 図１に示した接続制御装置の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the operation of the connection control device shown in FIG. ＣＰＵ等のバス構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the bus structure of a CPU and the like.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。なお、本発明は、以下に示す実施形態に限定されるものではない。また、これらの実施の例は例示に過ぎず、本発明は当業者の知識に基づいて種々の変更、改良を施した形態で実施することができる。なお、本明細書及び図面において符号が同じ構成要素は、相互に同一のもの、又は相当するものを示すものとする。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown below. In addition, these examples of implementation are merely examples, and the present invention can be implemented in a form in which various modifications and improvements have been made based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. In addition, the components having the same reference numerals in the present specification and the drawings shall indicate the same or equivalent components.

（実施形態）
図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る接続制御装置２を含む電源システムの構成を示す機能ブロック図である。図１に示した組電池１と、接続制御装置２と、電圧変換装置３と、負荷４とは、例えば、車両に搭載される。 (Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a power supply system including a connection control device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The assembled battery 1, the connection control device 2, the voltage conversion device 3, and the load 4 shown in FIG. 1 are mounted on, for example, a vehicle.

組電池１は、負荷４の電源であり、電圧変換装置３を介して負荷４に電流を供給する。組電池１は、電圧信号１６０と、電流信号１７０と、温度信号１８０とを、接続制御装置２に供給する。電圧信号１６０は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの電圧を示す信号である。電流信号１７０は、複数の電池セルに流れる電流を示す信号である。温度信号１８０は、複数の電池セルの温度を示す信号である。 The assembled battery 1 is a power source for the load 4, and supplies a current to the load 4 via the voltage converter 3. The assembled battery 1 supplies the voltage signal 160, the current signal 170, and the temperature signal 180 to the connection control device 2. The voltage signal 160 is a signal indicating the voltage of a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1. The current signal 170 is a signal indicating a current flowing through a plurality of battery cells. The temperature signal 180 is a signal indicating the temperature of a plurality of battery cells.

組電池１は、接続情報２５０を接続制御装置２から受ける。接続情報２５０は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続切替を指示する情報である。組電池１は、接続情報２５０に基づいて、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルを、直列又は並列に接続する。 The assembled battery 1 receives the connection information 250 from the connection control device 2. The connection information 250 is information for instructing connection switching of a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1. The assembled battery 1 connects a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 in series or in parallel based on the connection information 250.

接続制御装置２は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続を制御する。具体的には、接続制御装置２は、組電池１から電圧信号１６０と、電流信号１７０と、温度信号１８０とを受ける。接続制御装置２は、電圧信号１６０と、電流信号１７０と、温度信号１８０とに基づいて、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか、又は、並列に接続するかを決定する。接続制御装置２は、その決定に基づく接続情報２５０を組電池１に供給することにより、複数の電池セルの接続を切り替える。 The connection control device 2 controls the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1. Specifically, the connection control device 2 receives a voltage signal 160, a current signal 170, and a temperature signal 180 from the assembled battery 1. The connection control device 2 determines whether to connect a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 in series or in parallel based on the voltage signal 160, the current signal 170, and the temperature signal 180. To do. The connection control device 2 switches the connection of the plurality of battery cells by supplying the connection information 250 based on the determination to the assembled battery 1.

接続制御装置２は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続に基づいて、組電池１の充電電圧の電圧目標値を示す電圧情報２３Ｂを生成する。接続制御装置２は、生成した電圧情報２３Ｂを、電圧変換装置３に供給する。 The connection control device 2 generates voltage information 23B indicating a voltage target value of the charging voltage of the assembled battery 1 based on the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1. The connection control device 2 supplies the generated voltage information 23B to the voltage conversion device 3.

負荷４は、電圧変換装置３から供給された電圧によって動作する。本実施形態では、負荷４は、電圧変換装置３を介して組電池１から供給される電流によって、車両の駆動輪を駆動するモータである。負荷４は車両の減速時に回生ブレーキとして動作する。つまり、負荷４は、車両の減速時に電力を生成する。負荷４は、生成した電力を、電圧変換装置３を介して組電池１に供給する。 The load 4 operates by the voltage supplied from the voltage converter 3. In the present embodiment, the load 4 is a motor that drives the drive wheels of the vehicle by the current supplied from the assembled battery 1 via the voltage conversion device 3. The load 4 operates as a regenerative brake when the vehicle decelerates. That is, the load 4 generates electric power when the vehicle is decelerated. The load 4 supplies the generated electric power to the assembled battery 1 via the voltage conversion device 3.

電圧変換装置３は、組電池１の放電時において、組電池１から供給された電圧を変換し、変換後の電圧を負荷４に供給する。具体的には、電圧変換装置３は、組電池１の出力電圧が変化した場合、組電池１から供給された電圧を昇圧又は降圧することで、一定の電圧を負荷４に供給する。 The voltage conversion device 3 converts the voltage supplied from the assembled battery 1 when the assembled battery 1 is discharged, and supplies the converted voltage to the load 4. Specifically, when the output voltage of the assembled battery 1 changes, the voltage converter 3 supplies a constant voltage to the load 4 by boosting or stepping down the voltage supplied from the assembled battery 1.

電圧変換装置３は、組電池１の充電時において、負荷４から供給される電圧を変換し、変換後の電圧を組電池１に供給する。具体的には、電圧変換装置３は、接続制御装置２から、電圧情報２３Ｂを受ける。電圧変換装置３は、電圧情報２３Ｂが示す電圧目標値に基づいて、負荷４から供給された電圧を変換する。 The voltage conversion device 3 converts the voltage supplied from the load 4 at the time of charging the assembled battery 1, and supplies the converted voltage to the assembled battery 1. Specifically, the voltage conversion device 3 receives the voltage information 23B from the connection control device 2. The voltage conversion device 3 converts the voltage supplied from the load 4 based on the voltage target value indicated by the voltage information 23B.

＜組電池１の構成＞
図２は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続を示す回路図である。図２に示す複数の電池セルは、直列接続されている。組電池１は、端子１４、１５と、電池セル１１１、１２１、１３１と、電圧センサ１１４、１２４、１３４と、電流センサ１１５、１２５、１３５と、温度センサ１１６、１２６、１３６と、スイッチ１１３、１２３、１３３、１３２と、リレー１１２、１２２と、を含む。 <Structure of assembled battery 1>
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1. The plurality of battery cells shown in FIG. 2 are connected in series. The assembled battery 1 includes terminals 14, 15, battery cells 111, 121, 131, voltage sensors 114, 124, 134, current sensors 115, 125, 135, temperature sensors 116, 126, 136, and switch 113. Includes 123, 133, 132 and relays 112, 122.

端子１４は組電池１の正端子であり、端子１５は組電池１の負端子である。 The terminal 14 is a positive terminal of the assembled battery 1, and the terminal 15 is a negative terminal of the assembled battery 1.

電池セル１１１、１２１、１３１は、２次電池であり、例えば、リチウムイオン電池である。電池セル１１１、１２１、１３１は、直列又は並列に接続される。 Battery cells 111, 121, 131 are secondary batteries, for example, lithium ion batteries. Battery cells 111, 121, 131 are connected in series or in parallel.

スイッチ１１３、１２３、１３３、１３２と、リレー１１２、１２２とは、複数の電池セルの接続を切り替えるための接続切替部である。スイッチ１１３、１２３、１３３、１３２の各々は、端子ａ及び端子ｂを備える。以下、スイッチ１１３、１２３、１３３、１３２を区別せずに総称する場合、単に「スイッチ」と記載する。スイッチがオンである場合、端子ａ及び端子ｂが接続される。スイッチがオフである場合、端子ａ及び端子ｂの接続が解除される。 The switches 113, 123, 133, 132 and the relays 112, 122 are connection switching units for switching the connection of a plurality of battery cells. Each of the switches 113, 123, 133, 132 includes a terminal a and a terminal b. Hereinafter, when switches 113, 123, 133, and 132 are generically referred to without distinction, they are simply referred to as "switches". When the switch is on, terminals a and b are connected. When the switch is off, the terminals a and b are disconnected.

スイッチ１１３は、接続制御装置２から受ける接続信号２４Ａに基づいて、オン／オフを切り替える。スイッチ１２３は、接続制御装置２から受ける接続信号２４Ｃに基づいて、オン／オフを切り替える。スイッチ１３３は、接続制御装置２から受ける接続信号２４Ｅに基づいて、オン／オフを切り替える。スイッチ１３２は、接続制御装置２から受ける接続信号２４Ｆに基づいて、オン／オフを切り替える。接続信号２４Ａ、２４Ｃ、２４Ｅ、２４Ｆは、接続情報２５０に含まれる。 The switch 113 switches on / off based on the connection signal 24A received from the connection control device 2. The switch 123 switches on / off based on the connection signal 24C received from the connection control device 2. The switch 133 switches on / off based on the connection signal 24E received from the connection control device 2. The switch 132 switches on / off based on the connection signal 24F received from the connection control device 2. The connection signals 24A, 24C, 24E, 24F are included in the connection information 250.

スイッチ１１３、１２３、１３３の端子ｂは、端子１４に接続される。スイッチ１１３の端子ａは、電流センサ１１５を介して電池セル１１１の正電極と接続される。スイッチ１２３の端子ａは、電流センサ１２５を介して電池セル１２１の正電極と接続される。スイッチ１３３の端子ａは、電流センサ１３５を介して電池セル１３１の正電極と接続される。スイッチ１３２の端子ａは端子１５と接続される。スイッチ１３２の端子ｂは電池セル１３１の負電極及びリレー１２２の端子ａと接続される。電流センサ１１５、１２５、１３５については後述する。 The terminal b of the switches 113, 123 and 133 is connected to the terminal 14. The terminal a of the switch 113 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 111 via the current sensor 115. The terminal a of the switch 123 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 121 via the current sensor 125. The terminal a of the switch 133 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 131 via the current sensor 135. The terminal a of the switch 132 is connected to the terminal 15. The terminal b of the switch 132 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 131 and the terminal a of the relay 122. The current sensors 115, 125 and 135 will be described later.

リレー１１２、１２２のそれぞれは、端子ａ、ｂ、ｃを備える。リレー１１２は、接続制御装置２から受ける接続信号２４Ｂに基づいて、端子ｃを端子ａ及び端子ｂのいずれか一方に接続させる。リレー１２２は、接続制御装置２から受ける接続信号２４Ｄに基づいて、端子ｃを端子ａ及び端子ｂのいずれか一方に接続させる。 Each of the relays 112 and 122 includes terminals a, b and c. The relay 112 connects the terminal c to either the terminal a or the terminal b based on the connection signal 24B received from the connection control device 2. The relay 122 connects the terminal c to either the terminal a or the terminal b based on the connection signal 24D received from the connection control device 2.

リレー１１２の端子ｃは電池セル１１１の負電極と接続される。リレー１１２の端子ａは電池セル１２１の負電極と、リレー１２２の端子ｃとに接続される。リレー１１２の端子ｂは、電流センサ１２５を介して電池セル１２１の正電極と、スイッチ１２３の端子ａとに接続される。リレー１２２の端子ｃは、電池セル１２１の負電極と、リレー１１２の端子ａとに接続される。リレー１２２の端子ａは、電池セル１３１の負電極と、スイッチ１３２の端子ｂとに接続される。リレー１２２の端子ｂは、電流センサ１３５を介して電池セル１３１の正電極と、スイッチ１３３の端子ａとに接続される。 The terminal c of the relay 112 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 111. The terminal a of the relay 112 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 121 and the terminal c of the relay 122. The terminal b of the relay 112 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 121 and the terminal a of the switch 123 via the current sensor 125. The terminal c of the relay 122 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 121 and the terminal a of the relay 112. The terminal a of the relay 122 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell 131 and the terminal b of the switch 132. The terminal b of the relay 122 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell 131 and the terminal a of the switch 133 via the current sensor 135.

図２において、スイッチ１１３及び１３２がオンされ、スイッチ１２３及び１３３がオフされている。リレー１１２及び１２２の各々において、端子ｃは、端子ｂと接続されている。この結果、電池セル１１１、１２１、１３１は、直列接続される。 In FIG. 2, switches 113 and 132 are turned on and switches 123 and 133 are turned off. In each of the relays 112 and 122, the terminal c is connected to the terminal b. As a result, the battery cells 111, 121, 131 are connected in series.

電圧センサ１１４は、電池セル１１１の正極と負極との間の電位差を測定し、その測定した電位差を示す電圧信号１１４Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。電圧センサ１２４は、電池セル１２１の正極と負極との間の電位差を測定し、その測定した電位差を示す電圧信号１２４Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。電圧センサ１３４は、電池セル１３１の正極と負極との間の電位差を測定し、その測定した電位差を示す電圧信号１３４Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。電圧信号１１４Ａ、１２４Ａ、１３４Ａは、電圧信号１６０に含まれる。なお、以下の説明において、電池セルで生じる電位差を「セル電圧」と記載する場合がある。 The voltage sensor 114 measures the potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 111, and supplies a voltage signal 114A indicating the measured potential difference to the connection control device 2. The voltage sensor 124 measures the potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 121, and supplies the voltage signal 124A indicating the measured potential difference to the connection control device 2. The voltage sensor 134 measures the potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 131, and supplies the voltage signal 134A indicating the measured potential difference to the connection control device 2. The voltage signals 114A, 124A, 134A are included in the voltage signal 160. In the following description, the potential difference generated in the battery cell may be referred to as "cell voltage".

電流センサ１１５は、電池セル１１１に流れる電流を測定し、その測定結果を示す電流信号１１５Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。電流センサ１２５は、電池セル１２１に流れる電流を測定し、その測定結果を示す電流信号１２５Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。電流センサ１３５は、電池セル１３１に流れる電流を測定し、その測定結果を示す電流信号１３５Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。電流信号１１５Ａ、１２５Ａ、１３５Ａは、電流信号１７０に含まれる。なお、以下の説明において、電池セルに流れる電流を「セル電流」と記載する場合がある。 The current sensor 115 measures the current flowing through the battery cell 111, and supplies a current signal 115A indicating the measurement result to the connection control device 2. The current sensor 125 measures the current flowing through the battery cell 121, and supplies a current signal 125A indicating the measurement result to the connection control device 2. The current sensor 135 measures the current flowing through the battery cell 131, and supplies a current signal 135A indicating the measurement result to the connection control device 2. The current signals 115A, 125A and 135A are included in the current signal 170. In the following description, the current flowing through the battery cell may be referred to as "cell current".

温度センサ１１６は、電池セル１１１の温度を測定し、その測定結果を示す温度信号１１６Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。温度センサ１２６は、電池セル１２１の温度を測定し、その測定結果を示す温度信号１２６Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。温度センサ１３６は、電池セル１３１の温度を測定し、その測定結果を示す温度信号１３６Ａを接続制御装置２に供給する。温度信号１１６Ａ、１２６Ａ、１３６Ａは、温度信号１８０に含まれる。温度センサ１１６、１２６、１３６は、例えば、サーミスタである。なお、以下の説明において、電池セルの温度を「セル温度」と記載する場合がある。 The temperature sensor 116 measures the temperature of the battery cell 111, and supplies a temperature signal 116A indicating the measurement result to the connection control device 2. The temperature sensor 126 measures the temperature of the battery cell 121, and supplies a temperature signal 126A indicating the measurement result to the connection control device 2. The temperature sensor 136 measures the temperature of the battery cell 131, and supplies a temperature signal 136A indicating the measurement result to the connection control device 2. The temperature signals 116A, 126A, 136A are included in the temperature signal 180. The temperature sensors 116, 126, 136 are, for example, thermistors. In the following description, the temperature of the battery cell may be referred to as "cell temperature".

図３に、図２に示す複数の電池セルが並列に接続された回路図を示す。図３では、スイッチ１１３、１２３、１３３、１３２は、全てオンである。また、図３では、リレー１１２及び１２２の各々において、端子ｃは端子ａと接続される。この結果、電池セル１１１、１２１、１３１は並列接続される。 FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram in which the plurality of battery cells shown in FIG. 2 are connected in parallel. In FIG. 3, switches 113, 123, 133, 132 are all on. Further, in FIG. 3, in each of the relays 112 and 122, the terminal c is connected to the terminal a. As a result, the battery cells 111, 121, 131 are connected in parallel.

＜接続制御装置２の構成＞
図４に、接続制御装置２の機能ブロック図を示す。接続制御装置２は、取得部２１と、抵抗算出部２２と、決定部２３と、切替制御部２４とを備える。 <Configuration of connection control device 2>
FIG. 4 shows a functional block diagram of the connection control device 2. The connection control device 2 includes an acquisition unit 21, a resistance calculation unit 22, a determination unit 23, and a switching control unit 24.

取得部２１は、組電池１から電圧信号１６０と、電流信号１７０と、温度信号１８０とを取得する。取得部２１は、取得した電圧信号１６０及び電流信号１７０を、抵抗算出部２２に供給する。取得部２１は取得した温度信号１８０を、決定部２３に供給する。 The acquisition unit 21 acquires the voltage signal 160, the current signal 170, and the temperature signal 180 from the assembled battery 1. The acquisition unit 21 supplies the acquired voltage signal 160 and current signal 170 to the resistance calculation unit 22. The acquisition unit 21 supplies the acquired temperature signal 180 to the determination unit 23.

具体的には、取得部２１は、電圧取得部２１１と、電流取得部２１２と、温度取得部２１３とを備える。電圧取得部２１１は、電圧信号１１４Ａ、１２４Ａ、１３４Ａを含む電圧信号１６０を、組電池１から取得する。電圧取得部２１１は、取得した電圧信号１６０を、抵抗算出部２２に供給する。 Specifically, the acquisition unit 21 includes a voltage acquisition unit 211, a current acquisition unit 212, and a temperature acquisition unit 213. The voltage acquisition unit 211 acquires the voltage signal 160 including the voltage signals 114A, 124A, and 134A from the assembled battery 1. The voltage acquisition unit 211 supplies the acquired voltage signal 160 to the resistance calculation unit 22.

電流取得部２１２は、電流信号１１５Ａ、１２５Ａ、１３５Ａを含む電流信号１７０を、組電池１から取得する。電流取得部２１２は、取得した電流信号１７０を、抵抗算出部２２に供給する。 The current acquisition unit 212 acquires the current signal 170 including the current signals 115A, 125A, and 135A from the assembled battery 1. The current acquisition unit 212 supplies the acquired current signal 170 to the resistance calculation unit 22.

温度取得部２１３は、温度信号１１６Ａ、１２６Ａ、１３６Ａを含む温度信号１８０を、組電池１から取得する。温度取得部２１３は、取得した温度信号１８０を、決定部２３に供給する。 The temperature acquisition unit 213 acquires the temperature signal 180 including the temperature signals 116A, 126A, and 136A from the assembled battery 1. The temperature acquisition unit 213 supplies the acquired temperature signal 180 to the determination unit 23.

抵抗算出部２２は、電圧取得部２１１から受けた電圧信号１６０及び電流取得部２１２から受けた電流信号１７０に基づいて、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値を算出する。具体的な内部抵抗値の算出については後述する。抵抗算出部２２は、算出した複数の内部抵抗値を、抵抗情報２２Ａとして決定部２３に供給する。 The resistance calculation unit 22 has a plurality of internal resistances corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 based on the voltage signal 160 received from the voltage acquisition unit 211 and the current signal 170 received from the current acquisition unit 212. Calculate the value. The specific calculation of the internal resistance value will be described later. The resistance calculation unit 22 supplies the calculated plurality of internal resistance values to the determination unit 23 as resistance information 22A.

決定部２３は、抵抗算出部２２から取得した抵抗情報２２Ａ及び温度取得部２１３から取得した温度信号１８０の少なくとも一方に基づいて、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルを直列接続するか並列接続するかを決定する。決定部２３は、決定した接続の内容を、決定情報２３Ａとして、切替制御部２４に供給する。 The determination unit 23 connects a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 in series or in parallel based on at least one of the resistance information 22A acquired from the resistance calculation unit 22 and the temperature signal 180 acquired from the temperature acquisition unit 213. Decide if you want to. The determination unit 23 supplies the determined connection content as determination information 23A to the switching control unit 24.

決定部２３は、決定した組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続に基づいて、組電池１の充電電圧を決定する。決定部２３は、決定した組電池１の電電圧の電圧目標値を、電圧情報２３Ｂとして電圧変換装置３に供給する。 The determination unit 23 determines the charging voltage of the assembled battery 1 based on the connection of the plurality of battery cells included in the determined assembled battery 1. The determination unit 23 supplies the determined voltage target value of the electric voltage of the assembled battery 1 to the voltage conversion device 3 as the voltage information 23B.

切替制御部２４は、決定部２３から受けた決定情報２３Ａに基づいて、接続信号２４Ａ〜２４Ｆを含む接続情報２５０を生成する。切替制御部２４は、生成した接続情報２５０を組電池１に供給することにより、組電池１に含まれるスイッチ１１３、１２３、１３３、１３２と、リレー１１２、１２２とを制御する。 The switching control unit 24 generates connection information 250 including connection signals 24A to 24F based on the determination information 23A received from the determination unit 23. The switching control unit 24 controls the switches 113, 123, 133, 132 and the relays 112, 122 included in the assembled battery 1 by supplying the generated connection information 250 to the assembled battery 1.

＜接続制御装置２の動作（概要）＞
組電池１に含まれる電池セルに電流が流れると、電池セルは発熱し、電池セルの温度が上昇する。電池セルの劣化は、電池セルの温度の上昇とともに進行する。接続制御装置２は、電池セルの劣化要因の１つである電池セルの温度上昇を抑止するために、複数の電池セルの接続を切替える。 <Operation of connection control device 2 (overview)>
When a current flows through the battery cells included in the assembled battery 1, the battery cells generate heat and the temperature of the battery cells rises. The deterioration of the battery cell progresses as the temperature of the battery cell rises. The connection control device 2 switches the connection of a plurality of battery cells in order to suppress the temperature rise of the battery cell, which is one of the deterioration factors of the battery cell.

具体的には、決定部２３は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能である場合、複数の電池セルを直列接続するか又は並列接続するかを決定する。組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値のうちの少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、又は、組電池１の温度が温度基準値以上である場合において、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定する。また、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値の全てが抵抗基準値未満である場合、又は、組電池１の温度が温度基準値未満である場合、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する。なお、本実施形態では、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々のセル温度を、組電池１の温度として使用する。 Specifically, the determination unit 23 determines whether to connect the plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel when the connection of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 can be switched. When at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value, or when the temperature of the assembled battery 1 is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value. , The determination unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells in parallel. Further, it is determined when all of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 are less than the resistance reference value, or when the temperature of the assembled battery 1 is less than the temperature reference value. The unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells in series. In the present embodiment, the determination unit 23 uses the cell temperature of each of the plurality of battery cells as the temperature of the assembled battery 1.

複数の電池セルの接続切替は、切替制御部２４が接続切替部を制御することによって実行される。切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続の初期状態と、決定情報２３Ａが示す接続とが異なる場合、決定情報２３Ａに基づいて、複数の電池セルの接続を切替える。接続の初期状態は、決定部２３が複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能であるか否かを判断した時点におけ電池セルの接続状態である。接続制御装置２は、イグニッション信号がオンされると、動作を開始する。切替制御部２４は、接続の初期状態と、決定情報２３Ａが示す接続とが一致する場合、複数の電池セルの接続を切替えずに維持する。 The connection switching of the plurality of battery cells is executed by the switching control unit 24 controlling the connection switching unit. When the initial state of the connection of the plurality of battery cells and the connection indicated by the determination information 23A are different from each other, the switching control unit 24 switches the connection of the plurality of battery cells based on the determination information 23A. The initial state of connection is the connection state of the battery cells when the determination unit 23 determines whether or not the connection of the plurality of battery cells can be switched. The connection control device 2 starts operation when the ignition signal is turned on. When the initial state of the connection and the connection indicated by the determination information 23A match, the switching control unit 24 maintains the connection of the plurality of battery cells without switching.

＜接続制御装置２の動作（初期状態が直列接続である場合）＞
接続制御装置２の具体的動作を、図５に示すフローチャートを用いて説明する。本実施形態に係る接続制御方法は、本フローチャートに沿って実行される。接続制御装置２は、定期的に本フローチャートに示す処理を実行する。例えば、接続制御装置２は、イグニッション信号がオンされた直後に本フローチャートに示す処理を実行する。また、接続制御装置２は、所定の時間間隔で本フローチャートに示す処理を実行する。 <Operation of connection control device 2 (when the initial state is series connection)>
The specific operation of the connection control device 2 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. The connection control method according to the present embodiment is executed according to this flowchart. The connection control device 2 periodically executes the process shown in this flowchart. For example, the connection control device 2 executes the process shown in this flowchart immediately after the ignition signal is turned on. Further, the connection control device 2 executes the process shown in this flowchart at predetermined time intervals.

組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続の初期状態が、図２に示す直列接続である場合を説明する。 The case where the initial state of the connection of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 is the series connection shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

接続制御装置２は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能かを判断する（ステップＳ１０１）。接続制御装置２は、電流が組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルのそれぞれに流れていない場合、複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能であると判断する。 The connection control device 2 determines whether the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 can be switched (step S101). The connection control device 2 determines that the connection switching of the plurality of battery cells is possible when the current does not flow through each of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1.

複数の電池セルに電流が流れていない場合において、複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能である理由を説明する。仮に、複数の電池セルに電流が流れている状態で接続切替部を切替えると、接続切替部のスイッチやリレーでスパークが生じることがある。スイッチやリレーでスパークが生じると、スイッチやリレーが損傷する原因となる。したがって、接続制御装置２は、複数の電池セルに放電流が流れていない場合に、複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能と判断する。 The reason why the connection of a plurality of battery cells can be switched when no current is flowing through the plurality of battery cells will be described. If the connection switching unit is switched while current is flowing through a plurality of battery cells, sparks may occur in the switch or relay of the connection switching unit. Sparks on switches and relays can cause damage to the switches and relays. Therefore, the connection control device 2 determines that the connection switching of the plurality of battery cells is possible when the discharge current does not flow through the plurality of battery cells.

また、接続制御装置２が複数の電池セルの接続切替を行うと、組電池１の出力電圧は急激に変化する。このため、電圧変換装置３の出力電圧が、負荷４に必要な電圧範囲とはならない期間が生じるおそれがある。負荷４に必要な電圧範囲の電圧が供給されない場合、負荷４は誤動作するおそれがある。したがって、接続制御装置２は、複数の電池セルに電流が流れていない場合に、複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能と判断する。 Further, when the connection control device 2 switches the connection of a plurality of battery cells, the output voltage of the assembled battery 1 changes abruptly. Therefore, there may be a period during which the output voltage of the voltage converter 3 does not fall within the voltage range required for the load 4. If the voltage in the voltage range required for the load 4 is not supplied, the load 4 may malfunction. Therefore, the connection control device 2 determines that the connection switching of the plurality of battery cells is possible when no current is flowing through the plurality of battery cells.

組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能ではない場合（ステップＳ１０１でＮｏ）、接続制御装置２は、本フローチャートを終了させる。 When it is not possible to switch the connection of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 (No in step S101), the connection control device 2 ends this flowchart.

組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続切替が可能である場合（ステップＳ１０１でＹｅｓ）、抵抗算出部２２は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの内部抵抗値を算出する（ステップＳ１０２）。抵抗算出部２２は、電圧取得部２１１から受けた電圧信号１６０と、電流取得部２１２から受けた電流信号１７０とに基づいて、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値を算出する。図２に示す組電池１の場合、抵抗算出部２２は、電圧信号１１４Ａが示すセル電圧を、電流信号１１５Ａが示すセル電流で割ることで、電池セル１１１の内部抵抗値を算出する。同様にして、抵抗算出部２２は、電池セル１２１及び１３１の内部抵抗値を算出する。 When the connection switching of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 is possible (Yes in step S101), the resistance calculation unit 22 calculates the internal resistance values of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 (step). S102). The resistance calculation unit 22 has a plurality of battery cells corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 based on the voltage signal 160 received from the voltage acquisition unit 211 and the current signal 170 received from the current acquisition unit 212. Calculate the internal resistance value. In the case of the assembled battery 1 shown in FIG. 2, the resistance calculation unit 22 calculates the internal resistance value of the battery cell 111 by dividing the cell voltage indicated by the voltage signal 114A by the cell current indicated by the current signal 115A. Similarly, the resistance calculation unit 22 calculates the internal resistance values of the battery cells 121 and 131.

図５に戻り、説明を続ける。決定部２３は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの内部抵抗値のうち、少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上であるかを判断する（ステップＳ１０３）。 Returning to FIG. 5, the description will be continued. The determination unit 23 determines whether at least one of the internal resistance values of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value (step S103).

複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値のうち、少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合（ステップＳ１０３でＹｅｓ）、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定する（ステップＳ１０４）。電池セルに流れる電流が一定である場合、電池セルの発熱量は、内部抵抗値が高くなるほど大きくなる。このため、電池セルの内部抵抗値が抵抗基準値以上である場合、電池セルの発熱が原因で、電池セルの温度が後述する温度基準値を超える可能性がある。 When at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value (Yes in step S103), the determination unit 23 determines to connect the plurality of battery cells in parallel. (Step S104). When the current flowing through the battery cell is constant, the amount of heat generated by the battery cell increases as the internal resistance value increases. Therefore, when the internal resistance value of the battery cell is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value, the temperature of the battery cell may exceed the temperature reference value described later due to the heat generation of the battery cell.

決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値のうち少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定する。このことにより、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルに流れる電流を抑制することができる。したがって、電池セルの温度上昇を緩やかにすることができ、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルの劣化が進行することを抑止することができる。 When at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells is equal to or greater than the resistance reference value, the determination unit 23 determines to connect the plurality of battery cells in parallel. As a result, the current flowing through the battery cell including the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value can be suppressed. Therefore, the temperature rise of the battery cell can be moderated, and the deterioration of the battery cell including the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value can be suppressed.

切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要かを判断する（ステップＳ１０５）。切替制御部２４は、接続の初期状態と、決定部２３によって決定された複数の電池セルの接続とが異なる場合、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要と判断する。接続の初期状態は直列接続であり、決定部２３によって決定された複数の電池セルの接続は並列接続である。このため、切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要であると判断する（ステップＳ１０５でＹｅｓ）。切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続が図３に示す並列接続となるように、接続切替部を制御する（ステップＳ１０６）。ステップＳ１０６の後、接続制御装置２は、本フローチャートを終了させる。 The switching control unit 24 determines whether it is necessary to switch the connection of a plurality of battery cells (step S105). When the initial state of the connection and the connection of the plurality of battery cells determined by the determination unit 23 are different from each other, the switching control unit 24 determines that the connection switching of the plurality of battery cells is necessary. The initial state of the connection is a series connection, and the connection of the plurality of battery cells determined by the determination unit 23 is a parallel connection. Therefore, the switching control unit 24 determines that it is necessary to switch the connection of the plurality of battery cells (Yes in step S105). The switching control unit 24 controls the connection switching unit so that the connection of the plurality of battery cells becomes the parallel connection shown in FIG. 3 (step S106). After step S106, the connection control device 2 ends this flowchart.

複数の電池セルの内部抵抗値の全てが抵抗基準値未満である場合（ステップＳ１０３でＮｏ）、決定部２３は、少なくとも１つのセル温度が温度基準値以上であるか否かを判断する（ステップＳ１０７）。具体的には、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル温度を温度取得部２１３から取得する。決定部２３は、取得した複数のセル温度のうち、少なくとも１つのセル温度が温度基準値以上であるか否かをを判断する。 When all the internal resistance values of the plurality of battery cells are less than the resistance reference value (No in step S103), the determination unit 23 determines whether or not at least one cell temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value (step). S107). Specifically, the determination unit 23 acquires a plurality of cell temperatures corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells from the temperature acquisition unit 213. The determination unit 23 determines whether or not at least one cell temperature among the acquired plurality of cell temperatures is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value.

温度基準値は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの使用温度範囲の上限よりも低ければよい。電池セルの温度が使用温度範囲の上限を超える場合に、複数の電池セルの劣化が急速に進むと考えられるためである。つまり、ステップＳ１０７において、決定部２３は、複数のセル温度に基づいて、複数の電池セルの劣化が急速に進む可能性の有無を判断する。 The temperature reference value may be lower than the upper limit of the operating temperature range of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1. This is because when the temperature of the battery cells exceeds the upper limit of the operating temperature range, the deterioration of the plurality of battery cells is considered to progress rapidly. That is, in step S107, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not there is a possibility that the deterioration of the plurality of battery cells will rapidly progress based on the plurality of cell temperatures.

少なくとも１つのセル温度が温度基準値以上である場合（ステップＳ１０７でＹｅｓ）、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定する（ステップＳ１０８）。複数の電池セルを並列接続することにより電池セル１個あたりに流れる電流を小さくすれば、電池セル１個あたりの発熱量も小さくなる。この結果、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の温度が、劣化が急速に進む温度基準値よりも上昇することを抑制できる。 When at least one cell temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value (Yes in step S107), the determination unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells in parallel (step S108). If the current flowing through each battery cell is reduced by connecting a plurality of battery cells in parallel, the amount of heat generated per battery cell is also reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent the plurality of temperatures corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells from rising above the temperature reference value at which deterioration rapidly progresses.

また、ステップＳ１０７において、決定部２３は、少なくとも１つのセル温度が温度基準値以上であるか否かを判断する。したがって、接続制御装置２は、一部の電池セルの温度が局所的に上昇した場合であっても、複数の電池セルの接続を変更することができる。結果として、接続制御装置２は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 Further, in step S107, the determination unit 23 determines whether or not at least one cell temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value. Therefore, the connection control device 2 can change the connection of a plurality of battery cells even when the temperature of some battery cells rises locally. As a result, the connection control device 2 can suppress the progress of deterioration of the battery cell.

切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要かを判断する（ステップＳ１０５）。切替制御部２４は、接続の初期状態と、決定部２３によって決定された複数の電池セルの接続が異なる場合、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要と判断する。接続の初期状態は直列接続であり、決定部２３によって決定された複数の電池セルの接続は並列接続である。このため、切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要であると判断する（ステップＳ１０５でＹｅｓ）。切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続が図３に示す並列接続となるように、接続切替部を制御する（ステップＳ１０６）。ステップＳ１０６の後、接続制御装置２は、本フローチャートに示す処理を終了させる。 The switching control unit 24 determines whether it is necessary to switch the connection of a plurality of battery cells (step S105). The switching control unit 24 determines that it is necessary to switch the connection of the plurality of battery cells when the initial state of the connection and the connection of the plurality of battery cells determined by the determination unit 23 are different. The initial state of the connection is a series connection, and the connection of the plurality of battery cells determined by the determination unit 23 is a parallel connection. Therefore, the switching control unit 24 determines that it is necessary to switch the connection of the plurality of battery cells (Yes in step S105). The switching control unit 24 controls the connection switching unit so that the connection of the plurality of battery cells becomes the parallel connection shown in FIG. 3 (step S106). After step S106, the connection control device 2 ends the process shown in this flowchart.

少なくとも１つのセル温度が温度基準値未満である場合（ステップＳ１０７でＮｏ）、決定部２３は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する（ステップＳ１０９）。複数の電池セルが直列接続された場合、複数の電池セルが並列接続された場合と比較して、複数の電池セルの各々における発熱量は増加する。しかし、複数の内部抵抗値が抵抗基準値未満であり、かつ、組電池１の温度が温度基準値未満であるため、直列接続された複数の電池セルの温度が温度基準値を超える可能性は低いと考えられる。この考えに従って、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する。 When at least one cell temperature is lower than the temperature reference value (No in step S107), the determination unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 in series (step S109). When a plurality of battery cells are connected in series, the amount of heat generated in each of the plurality of battery cells increases as compared with the case where the plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel. However, since the plurality of internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value and the temperature of the assembled battery 1 is less than the temperature reference value, there is a possibility that the temperature of the plurality of battery cells connected in series exceeds the temperature reference value. It is considered low. According to this idea, the determination unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells in series.

接続制御装置２は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値の全てが抵抗基準値未満であり、かつ、組電池１の温度が温度基準値未満である場合において、複数の電池セルを直列接続する。このため、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止しつつ、組電池を短時間で充電することができる。さらに、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止しつつ、大きな電力を供給することができる。 The connection control device 2 has a plurality of batteries when all of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells are less than the resistance reference value and the temperature of the assembled battery 1 is less than the temperature reference value. Connect cells in series. Therefore, the assembled battery can be charged in a short time while suppressing the progress of deterioration of the battery cell. Further, it is possible to supply a large amount of electric power while suppressing the progress of deterioration of the battery cell.

切替制御部２４は、接続の初期状態と、決定部２３によって決定された複数の電池セルの接続が一致する場合、複数の電池セルの接続切替は不要と判断する（ステップＳ１０５でＮｏ）。複数の電池セルの接続切替が不要である場合（ステップＳ１０５でＮｏ）、切替制御部２４は、接続切替部の接続状態を維持することで、複数の電池セルの接続を維持する（ステップＳ１１０）。ステップＳ１１０の後、接続制御装置２は、本フローチャートを終了させる。 When the initial state of the connection and the connection of the plurality of battery cells determined by the determination unit 23 match, the switching control unit 24 determines that the connection switching of the plurality of battery cells is unnecessary (No in step S105). When it is not necessary to switch the connection of the plurality of battery cells (No in step S105), the switching control unit 24 maintains the connection of the plurality of battery cells by maintaining the connection state of the connection switching unit (step S110). .. After step S110, the connection control device 2 ends this flowchart.

＜接続制御装置２の動作（初期状態が並列接続である場合）＞
接続の初期状態が並列接続である場合の接続制御装置２の動作を、図５を参照しながら説明する。 <Operation of connection control device 2 (when the initial state is parallel connection)>
The operation of the connection control device 2 when the initial state of the connection is parallel connection will be described with reference to FIG.

図５に示すステップＳ１０１〜Ｓ１０４及びＳ１０７〜Ｓ１０９は、接続の初期状態が並列接続であるか直列接続であるかに関係なく共通である。このため、初期状態が並列接続である場合におけるステップＳ１０１〜Ｓ１０４及びＳ１０７〜Ｓ１０９の説明を省略する。 Steps S101 to S104 and S107 to S109 shown in FIG. 5 are common regardless of whether the initial state of connection is parallel connection or series connection. Therefore, the description of steps S101 to S104 and S107 to S109 when the initial state is parallel connection will be omitted.

切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要かを判断する（ステップＳ１０５）。接続の初期状態は並列接続であり、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する。このため、切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要と判断する（ステップＳ１０５でＹｅｓ）。一方、決定部２３が複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定した場合、切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続切替が不要と判断する（ステップＳ１０５でＮｏ）。 The switching control unit 24 determines whether it is necessary to switch the connection of a plurality of battery cells (step S105). The initial state of the connection is parallel connection, and the determination unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells in series. Therefore, the switching control unit 24 determines that it is necessary to switch the connection of the plurality of battery cells (Yes in step S105). On the other hand, when the determination unit 23 decides to connect a plurality of battery cells in parallel, the switching control unit 24 determines that the connection switching of the plurality of battery cells is unnecessary (No in step S105).

複数の電池セルの接続切替が必要である場合（ステップＳ１０５でＹｅｓ）、切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続を切替える（ステップＳ１０６）。具体的には、切替制御部２４は、接続切替部を制御することで、複数の電池セルの接続を並列接続から直列接続に切り替える。複数の電池セルの接続切替が不要である場合（ステップＳ１０５でＮｏ）、切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続を初期状態のまま維持する（ステップＳ１１０）。具体的には、切替制御部２４は、複数の電池セルの接続を並列接続のまま維持する。 When it is necessary to switch the connection of a plurality of battery cells (Yes in step S105), the switching control unit 24 switches the connection of the plurality of battery cells (step S106). Specifically, the switching control unit 24 switches the connection of a plurality of battery cells from parallel connection to series connection by controlling the connection switching unit. When it is not necessary to switch the connection of the plurality of battery cells (No in step S105), the switching control unit 24 maintains the connection of the plurality of battery cells in the initial state (step S110). Specifically, the switching control unit 24 maintains the connection of the plurality of battery cells in parallel connection.

本実施形態に係る接続制御装置２は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つと、組電池１の温度とのうち少なくとも一方に基づいて、複数の電池セルを直列又は並列に接続する。これにより、複数の電池セルの温度が、複数の電池セルの劣化が進行する温度を超えて上昇することを抑制できる。結果として、本実施形態に係る接続制御装置２は、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 The connection control device 2 according to the present embodiment connects a plurality of battery cells in series based on at least one of a plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells and at least one of the temperature of the assembled battery 1. Or connect in parallel. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the plurality of battery cells from rising beyond the temperature at which the deterioration of the plurality of battery cells progresses. As a result, the connection control device 2 according to the present embodiment can suppress the progress of deterioration of the battery cell.

（変形例１）
上記実施形態において、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値のうちの少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合において、少なくとも１つのセル温度が温度基準値以上であるかを判断する例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。決定部２３は、電池セルの内部抵抗値を抵抗基準値と比較することなく、複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか並列に接続するかを決定してもよい。この場合、決定部２３は、少なくとも１つのセル温度が温度基準値以上である場合に複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定する。また、決定部２３は、少なくとも１つの温度が基準値未満である場合に複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する。これにより、電池セルの温度が温度基準値よりも高くなることが抑制されるため、組電池１の劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 (Modification example 1)
In the above embodiment, the determination unit 23 determines that the temperature of at least one cell is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value when at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value. Although an example of determining the existence is described, the present invention is not limited to this. The determination unit 23 may determine whether to connect a plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel without comparing the internal resistance value of the battery cells with the resistance reference value. In this case, the determination unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells in parallel when at least one cell temperature is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value. Further, the determination unit 23 determines to connect a plurality of battery cells in series when at least one temperature is less than the reference value. As a result, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the battery cell from becoming higher than the temperature reference value, so that the progress of deterioration of the assembled battery 1 can be suppressed.

（変形例２）
上記実施形態において、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値のうち、少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値未満である場合、組電池１の温度に基づいて複数の電池セルの接続を決定する例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。決定部２３は、組電池１の温度を、複数の電池セルの接続決定に用いなくてもよい。この場合、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値の全てが基準値未満である場合において、複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する。このことにより、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルに流れる電流を抑制することができる。結果として、電池セルの温度上昇を緩やかにすることができるため、抵抗基準値以上の内部抵抗値を含む電池セルの劣化が進行することを抑止することができる。 (Modification 2)
In the above embodiment, when at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells is less than the resistance reference value, the determination unit 23 determines the plurality of battery cells based on the temperature of the assembled battery 1. Although an example of determining the connection of the above has been described, the present invention is not limited thereto. The determination unit 23 does not have to use the temperature of the assembled battery 1 to determine the connection of a plurality of battery cells. In this case, the determination unit 23 determines to connect the plurality of battery cells in series when all of the plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells are less than the reference value. As a result, the current flowing through the battery cell including the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value can be suppressed. As a result, since the temperature rise of the battery cell can be moderated, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the battery cell including the internal resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance reference value from progressing.

（変形例３）
上記実施形態において、組電池１は３個の電池セルを含む例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。組電池１に含まれる電池セルの数は２個以上であれば、何個であってもよい。例えば、組電池１に含まれる電池セルの数は、４個である。 (Modification 3)
In the above embodiment, the example in which the assembled battery 1 includes three battery cells has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The number of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 may be any number as long as it is two or more. For example, the number of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1 is four.

（変形例４）
上記実施形態において、接続制御装置２は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルの全ての接続を切替える例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。接続制御装置２は、組電池１に含まれる複数の電池セルのうち、一部の電池セルの接続を切替えてもよい。一部の電池セルの数は、２個以上であればよい。例えば、１０個の電池セルが直列接続されている場合、接続制御装置２は、２個の電池セルの接続を並列接続に切替えてもよい。 (Modification example 4)
In the above embodiment, the connection control device 2 has described an example of switching all the connections of the plurality of battery cells included in the assembled battery 1, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The connection control device 2 may switch the connection of some of the battery cells included in the assembled battery 1. The number of some battery cells may be two or more. For example, when 10 battery cells are connected in series, the connection control device 2 may switch the connection of the two battery cells to parallel connection.

（変形例５）
上記実施形態において、組電池１は複数の電池セルの各々に対応した複数の温度センサを備える例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。組電池１が備える温度センサは、１個でもよい。この場合、決定部２３は、１個の温度センサが測定した温度を、組電池１の温度として取り扱う。したがって、接続制御装置２は、組電池１に事後的に１個の温度センサを追加した場合であっても、電池セルの劣化の進行を抑止することができる。 (Modification 5)
In the above embodiment, an example in which the assembled battery 1 includes a plurality of temperature sensors corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The number of temperature sensors included in the assembled battery 1 may be one. In this case, the determination unit 23 treats the temperature measured by one temperature sensor as the temperature of the assembled battery 1. Therefore, the connection control device 2 can suppress the progress of deterioration of the battery cell even when one temperature sensor is added to the assembled battery 1 after the fact.

また、上記実施形態では、組電池１は、複数の電池セルのそれぞれに対応した温度センサを備える例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。組電池１に備わる温度センサの位置及び数は、任意である。 Further, in the above embodiment, an example in which the assembled battery 1 is provided with a temperature sensor corresponding to each of a plurality of battery cells has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The position and number of temperature sensors provided in the assembled battery 1 are arbitrary.

（変形例６）
上記実施形態において、決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々の温度を組電池１の温度として使用する例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。決定部２３は、複数の電池セルの各々のセル温度の統計値を、組電池１の温度として使用してもよい。統計値は、特に限定されないが、例えば、平均値、合計値、中央値、最大値、最小値が挙げられる。 (Modification 6)
In the above embodiment, the determination unit 23 has described an example in which the temperature of each of the plurality of battery cells is used as the temperature of the assembled battery 1, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The determination unit 23 may use the statistical value of the cell temperature of each of the plurality of battery cells as the temperature of the assembled battery 1. The statistical value is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an average value, a total value, a median value, a maximum value, and a minimum value.

（変形例７）
また、上記実施の形態において、接続制御装置２は、ＬＳＩ（Ｌａｒｇｅ Ｓｃａｌｅ Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｏｎ）などの半導体装置により個別に１チップ化されてもよいし、一部又は全部を含むように１チップ化されてもよい。ここでは、ＬＳＩとしたが、集積度の違いにより、ＩＣ（Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ Ｃｉｒｃｕｉｔ）、システムＬＳＩ、スーパーＬＳＩ、ウルトラＬＳＩと呼称されることもある。 (Modification 7)
Further, in the above embodiment, the connection control device 2 may be individually integrated into one chip by a semiconductor device such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration), or may be integrated into one chip so as to include a part or all of the connection control device 2. Good. Although it is referred to as an LSI here, it may be referred to as an IC (Integrated Circuit), a system LSI, a super LSI, or an ultra LSI depending on the degree of integration.

集積回路化の手法はＬＳＩに限るものではなく、専用回路又は汎用プロセサで実現してもよい。ＬＳＩ製造後に、プログラムすることが可能なＦＰＧＡ（Ｆｉｅｌｄ Ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍａｂｌｅ Ｇａｔｅ Ａｒｒａｙ）や、ＬＳＩ内部の回路セルの接続や設定を再構成可能なリコンフィギュラブル・プロセッサを利用してもよい。 The method of making an integrated circuit is not limited to LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) that can be programmed after the LSI is manufactured, or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and settings of the circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.

また、接続制御装置２により実行される処理の一部または全部は、プログラムにより実現されてもよい。そして、上記各実施の形態の各機能ブロックの処理の一部または全部は、コンピュータにおいて、中央演算装置（ＣＰＵ）により行われる。また、それぞれの処理を実行するためのプログラムは、ハードディスク、ＲＯＭなどの不揮発性記憶装置に格納されており、ＲＯＭにおいて、あるいはＲＡＭに読み出されて実行される。 Further, a part or all of the processing executed by the connection control device 2 may be realized by a program. Then, a part or all of the processing of each functional block of each of the above embodiments is performed by the central processing unit (CPU) in the computer. Further, the program for executing each process is stored in a non-volatile storage device such as a hard disk or ROM, and is read and executed in the ROM or in the RAM.

また、上記実施の形態の各処理をハードウェアにより実現してもよいし、ソフトウェア（ＯＳ（オペレーティングシステム）、ミドルウェア、あるいは、所定のライブラリとともに実現される場合を含む。）により実現してもよい。さらに、ソフトウェアおよびハードウェアの混在処理により実現しても良い。 Further, each process of the above embodiment may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by software (including a case where it is realized together with an OS (operating system), middleware, or a predetermined library). .. Further, it may be realized by mixed processing of software and hardware.

例えば、接続制御装置２を、ソフトウェアにより実現する場合、図６に示したハードウェア構成（例えば、ＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭ、入力部、出力部等をバスＢｕｓにより接続したハードウェア構成）を用いて、各機能部をソフトウェア処理により実現するようにしてもよい。 For example, when the connection control device 2 is realized by software, the hardware configuration shown in FIG. 6 (for example, the hardware configuration in which the CPU, ROM, RAM, input unit, output unit, etc. are connected by the bus Bus) is used. , Each functional unit may be realized by software processing.

また、上記実施の形態における処理方法の実行順序は、上記実施の形態の記載に制限されるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で実行順序を入れ替えてもよい。 Further, the execution order of the processing methods in the above-described embodiment is not limited to the description of the above-described embodiment, and the execution order may be changed without departing from the gist of the invention.

前述した方法をコンピュータに実行させるコンピュータプログラム及びそのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体は、本発明の範囲に含まれる。ここで、コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体としては、例えば、フレキシブルディスク、ハードディスク、ＣＤ−ＲＯＭ、ＭＯ、ＤＶＤ、ＤＶＤ−ＲＯＭ、ＤＶＤ−ＲＡＭ、大容量ＤＶＤ、次世代ＤＶＤ、半導体メモリを挙げることができる。 A computer program that causes a computer to perform the above-mentioned method and a computer-readable recording medium that records the program are included in the scope of the present invention. Here, examples of computer-readable recording media include flexible disks, hard disks, CD-ROMs, MOs, DVDs, DVD-ROMs, DVD-RAMs, large-capacity DVDs, next-generation DVDs, and semiconductor memories. ..

以上、本発明の実施形態を説明したが、上述した実施形態は本発明を実施するための例示に過ぎない。よって、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されることなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で上述した実施の形態を適宜変形して実施することが可能である。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above-described embodiments are merely examples for carrying out the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the above-described embodiment can be appropriately modified and implemented within a range that does not deviate from the gist thereof.

１ ：組電池
１４、１５：端子
１１１、１２１、１３１：電池セル
１１２、１２２：リレー
１１３、１２３、１３２、１３３：スイッチ
１１４、１２４、１３４：電圧センサ
１１５、１２５、１３５：電流センサ
１１６、１２６、１３６：温度センサ
２ ：接続制御装置
２１ ：取得部
２１１：電圧取得部
２１２：電流取得部
２１３：温度取得部
２２ ：抵抗算出部
２３ ：決定部
２４ ：切替制御部
３ ：電圧変換装置
４ ：負荷 1: Assembled batteries 14, 15: Terminals 111, 121, 131: Battery cells 112, 122: Relays 113, 123, 132, 133: Switches 114, 124, 134: Voltage sensors 115, 125, 135: Current sensors 116, 126 , 136: Temperature sensor 2: Connection control device 21: Acquisition unit 211: Voltage acquisition unit 212: Current acquisition unit 213: Temperature acquisition unit 22: Resistance calculation unit 23: Determination unit 24: Switching control unit 3: Voltage conversion device 4: load

Claims (8)

組電池に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続を制御する接続制御装置であって、
前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電圧と、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電流と、前記組電池の温度とを取得する取得部と、
前記取得部により取得された複数のセル電圧及び複数のセル電流に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値を算出する抵抗算出部と、
前記抵抗算出部により算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つと前記取得部により取得された前記組電池の温度とのうち、少なくとも一方に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか並列に接続するかを決定する決定部と、
前記決定部の決定に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの接続を切り替える接続切替部を制御する切替制御部と、
を備える接続制御装置。 A connection control device that controls the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in an assembled battery.
An acquisition unit that acquires a plurality of cell voltages corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells, a plurality of cell currents corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells, and a temperature of the assembled battery.
A resistance calculation unit that calculates a plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells based on a plurality of cell voltages and a plurality of cell currents acquired by the acquisition unit.
Whether to connect the plurality of battery cells in series based on at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values calculated by the resistance calculation unit and the temperature of the assembled battery acquired by the acquisition unit. The decision part that decides whether to connect in parallel, and
A switching control unit that controls a connection switching unit that switches the connection of the plurality of battery cells based on the determination of the determination unit.
A connection control device. 前記決定部は、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、前記複数の電池セルを並列に接続することを決定する、
請求項１に記載の接続制御装置。 The determination unit determines to connect the plurality of battery cells in parallel when at least one of the plurality of calculated internal resistance values is equal to or greater than a resistance reference value.
The connection control device according to claim 1. 前記決定部は、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の全てが前記抵抗基準値未満である場合、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続することを決定する、
請求項２に記載の接続制御装置。 The determination unit determines to connect the plurality of battery cells in series when all of the plurality of calculated internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value.
The connection control device according to claim 2. 前記決定部は、前記組電池の温度が温度基準値以上である場合、前記複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定する、
請求項１に記載の接続制御装置。 The determination unit determines that the plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel when the temperature of the assembled battery is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value.
The connection control device according to claim 1. 前記決定部は、前記組電池の温度が前記温度基準値未満である場合、前記複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する、
請求項４に記載の接続制御装置。 When the temperature of the assembled battery is lower than the temperature reference value, the determination unit determines to connect the plurality of battery cells in series.
The connection control device according to claim 4. 前記取得部は、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル温度を取得し、
前記決定部は、前記取得部により取得された複数のセル温度の少なくとも１つに基づいて、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか並列に接続するかを決定する、
請求項１に記載の接続制御装置。 The acquisition unit acquires a plurality of cell temperatures corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells.
The determination unit determines whether to connect the plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel based on at least one of the plurality of cell temperatures acquired by the acquisition unit.
The connection control device according to claim 1. 前記決定部は、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つが抵抗基準値以上である場合、又は、前記組電池の温度が温度基準値以上である場合、前記複数の電池セルを並列接続することを決定し、前記算出された複数の内部抵抗値の全てが前記抵抗基準値未満であり、かつ、前記組電池の温度が前記温度基準値未満である場合、前記複数の電池セルを直列接続することを決定する、
請求項１に記載の接続制御装置。 The determination unit connects the plurality of battery cells in parallel when at least one of the plurality of calculated internal resistance values is equal to or higher than the resistance reference value, or when the temperature of the assembled battery is equal to or higher than the temperature reference value. When all of the calculated internal resistance values are less than the resistance reference value and the temperature of the assembled battery is less than the temperature reference value, the plurality of battery cells are connected in series. Decide to connect,
The connection control device according to claim 1. 組電池に含まれる複数の電池セルの接続を制御する接続制御装置の接続制御方法であって、
前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電圧と、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数のセル電流と、前記組電池の温度とを取得する取得工程と、
前記取得工程により取得された複数のセル電圧及び複数のセル電流に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの各々に対応する複数の内部抵抗値を算出する抵抗算出工程と、
前記抵抗算出工程により算出された複数の内部抵抗値の少なくとも１つと前記取得工程により取得された前記組電池の温度とのうち、少なくとも一方に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルを直列に接続するか並列に接続するかを決定する決定工程と、
前記決定工程の決定に基づいて、前記複数の電池セルの接続を切り替える接続切替部を制御する切替制御工程と、
を備える接続制御方法。 It is a connection control method of a connection control device that controls the connection of a plurality of battery cells included in an assembled battery.
An acquisition step of acquiring a plurality of cell voltages corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells, a plurality of cell currents corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells, and a temperature of the assembled battery.
A resistance calculation step of calculating a plurality of internal resistance values corresponding to each of the plurality of battery cells based on a plurality of cell voltages and a plurality of cell currents acquired in the acquisition step.
Whether to connect the plurality of battery cells in series based on at least one of the plurality of internal resistance values calculated by the resistance calculation step and the temperature of the assembled battery acquired by the acquisition step. The decision process to decide whether to connect in parallel and
A switching control step that controls a connection switching unit that switches the connection of the plurality of battery cells based on the determination of the determination step,
Connection control method including.
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