JP2019194379A - Strong yarn and knitted or woven fabric having resistance to cutting - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a strong yarn containing a hard fiber, such as a metal fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber, or polyarylate fiber, which is strong but inferior in elasticity; and to provide a knitted or woven fabric which uses the yarn, and which has resistance to cutting, and is more flexible and thinner in thickness than a prior art.SOLUTION: In a strong yarn, around a center fiber comprising a synthetic fiber having substantially the same strength and elasticity as polyester or nylon, two hard fibers each comprising a monofilament or a multifilament are wound in directions opposite to each other, thereby forming a core yarn 10. Around the core yarn, a lower-layer fiber 4 and a meltable fiber 3 are wound in this order in directions opposite to each other. The meltable fiber 3 melted by subsequent heat treatment is fusion-bonded to the hard fibers of the core yarn 10 and the non-melted lower-layer fiber 4. A knitted or woven fabric is obtained by using a covered yarn made by winding a wound yarn around the strong yarn and using another yarn which does not contain any hard fibers.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a knitted fabric used for clothes and other fabric products worn by workers in a workplace using a cutter, a steel factory, a sheet glass factory, and the yarn used for the knitted fabric, and includes metal fibers, glass fibers, It relates to a tough yarn containing fibers that are tough but inferior in stretchability (hereinafter referred to as “hard fibers”), such as carbon fibers and polyarylate fibers, and a knitted fabric with cut resistance using the yarns. is there.

  Fabric products such as gloves and aprons worn by workers in workplaces that use blades, steel factories, plate glass factories, etc., are required to have a so-called cut resistance that is not cut even when the blades of the blades are touched. As yarns used for clothes having cut resistance, strong yarns such as ultra-high density polyethylene fibers and aramid fibers known as Dyneema (registered trademark) are known.

  Moreover, the thread | yarn which coat | covered the metal fine wire and the glass fiber with polyethylene and nylon as a thread | yarn used for the same objective is also used. For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose a covered yarn obtained by covering a tough yarn composed of a fine metal wire and a spliced yarn with covering, and a glove knitted with the covered yarn. This type of yarn is tough and excellent in cut resistance, but it is poor in flexibility, and when it is bent, metal fine wires and glass fibers are easily broken.

  In particular, gloves and shirts knitted using polyethylene or nylon-coated fine metal wires or glass fibers coated with polyethylene or nylon have bent ends of metal fibers or glass fibers bent or bent at an acute angle when wound. There is a problem that it penetrates and is exposed and touches the skin to make it uncomfortable.

  In order to solve this problem, Patent Document 3 discloses that a hard fiber such as stainless steel fiber, glass fiber, polyarylate fiber, or the like, a natural fiber or a synthetic lower layer fiber and a molten fiber are twisted or covered in this order. Thereafter, a tough yarn in which the molten fiber is melted by heat treatment and fused and integrated with the hard fiber and the lower layer fiber, a coated yarn in which a wound yarn is wound around the tough yarn, and other yarn not including the coated yarn and the hard fiber And knitting fabrics are proposed.

  In the tough yarn proposed by Patent Document 3, when the tension of the lower layer fiber is increased when the lower layer fiber is twisted or covered with the hard fiber, as shown in FIG. 9 (FIG. 9 of Patent Document 3), the lower layer fiber 4 The hard fiber 2 is wound around the fiber, and the melted fiber 3 is wound thereon. When a synthetic fiber filament is used as the lower layer fiber, the melted fiber 3 is wound around the center fiber 1 and the hard fiber 2 by the hard fiber 2 wound around the center fiber 1 with a single cover and melted by heating. .

International Publication No. 2007/15333 Pamphlet JP 2012-21258 A International Publication No. 2017/130545 Pamphlet

  The knitted fabric using the yarn proposed in Patent Document 3 is excellent in flexibility and economical efficiency, and is not particularly uncomfortable to the wearer because the folded end of the hard fiber is exposed. It is suitable as a knitted fabric for gloves. On the other hand, it has been found that the tough yarn having the structure shown in FIG. 9 is twisted and becomes a problem during knitting or weaving.

  The present invention solves this problem, and has a cut resistance substantially equivalent to that of the knitted fabric proposed in Patent Document 3, and is more flexible and thin, for example, more preferably used for knitting clothing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a coated yarn that can be used.

  The tough yarn 30 according to the present invention includes two hard fibers made of monofilament or multifilament, such as stainless fiber, glass fiber, and the like, in the center fiber 1 made of synthetic fiber having substantially the same strength and stretchability as polyester and nylon. Carbon fiber, tungsten fiber, polyarylate fiber, and the like are wound in opposite directions to form core yarn 10, and lower fiber 4 and molten fiber 3 are wound in the opposite directions in this order on the core yarn. The molten fiber 3 melted by the heat treatment is fused to the hard fiber 2 of the core yarn 10 and the unmelted lower layer fiber 4.

  In the tough yarn 30 of the present invention, the hard fiber 2 is sandwiched between the center fiber 1 and the lower layer fiber 4 by the molten fiber 3 melted and shrunk, and the lower layer fiber 4 fused to the molten fiber 3 is bent. However, the winding is not fixed and the winding is fixed without spreading, and the hard fiber 2 is also partially or entirely covered with the molten fiber resin 3b fused to the surface.

  When the molten fiber 3 is a molten fiber having a peripheral part 3b having a low melting point and a central part 3a having a high melting point, the high melting part 3a of the molten fiber 3 is integrated in a state of being wound around the hard fiber 2 without melting. It becomes a structure. When the composite fiber of the low melting point fiber such as polyethylene and polyester and the high melting point fiber is used as the molten fiber 3, the structure is almost the same.

  The coated yarn 40 (40a, 40b) of the present invention is a yarn obtained by winding the wound yarn 5 such as nylon, polyester, polyethylene, aramid fiber, polyarylate, spider fiber or the like around the tough yarn 30 by the coating treatment 14. The heat treatment 13 is preferably performed before the coating treatment 14, but when a yarn having heat resistance is used as the wound yarn 5, the coating treatment 14 is performed before the heat treatment 13 to obtain the coated yarn 40b. You can also.

  In the coated yarn 40 a that has been subjected to the coating treatment 14 after the heat treatment 13, the wound yarn 5 and the molten fiber 3 are not fused. On the other hand, in the coated yarn 40 b in which the coating treatment 14 is performed before the heat treatment 13, the molten fiber is melted inside the wound yarn 5 by the heat treatment 13 to form the tough yarn 30, and the molten fiber 3 is applied to the wound yarn 5. Also fuse.

  The center fiber 1 is preferably a polyester fiber or nylon. The hard fiber 2 is a stainless fiber, carbon fiber, tungsten fiber, glass fiber, or polyarylate fiber. The stainless fiber is excellent in terms of cut resistance, and the glass fiber is excellent in terms of economy. As the stainless steel fiber or tungsten fiber, a monofilament having a wire diameter of 10 to 80 μm, practically 25 to 70 μm, or a multifilament in which 2 to 5 are combined is preferable. The glass fiber is preferably a multifilament or spun yarn of 30 to 1,000, practically 50 to 300 denier.

  As the stainless steel fiber, a hard fiber that is not annealed is used. The hard stainless fiber is wound around the central fiber 1 to form a coil shape, and the core yarn 10 has excellent longitudinal spring property and flexibility.

  The melting fiber 3 may be a low melting point polyester fiber, a low melting point polyamide fiber, a low melting point polyethylene fiber, or the like, preferably a low melting point polyester fiber, particularly a melting fiber having a high melting point at the center and a low melting point at the peripheral part. preferable. In the tough yarn 30 using such a molten fiber, the low melting point portion of the peripheral portion of the molten fiber 3 is melted 3b and fused to the surface of the hard fiber 2 and the lower fiber 4, and the high melting center portion 3a is melted. Instead, a structure in which the hard fiber 2 and the lower fiber 4 are twisted or covered is obtained (see FIG. 4).

  As the lower layer fiber 4, a polyester spun yarn or a blended yarn of polyester and cotton can be used, but a wooly ester, ester, nylon, wooly nylon or the like is preferable. The center fiber 1 and the hard fiber 2 are monofilament or multifilament, and the lower layer fiber 4 and the molten fiber 3 are fiber, monofilament or multifilament.

  The knitted fabric of the present invention is a knitted fabric of the coated yarn 40 of the present invention and other yarn not containing hard fibers, and is obtained by making a knitted weave such as plating, double-sided knitting, double weaving, etc. This is a knitted fabric in which many coated yarns 40 appear on one side of the knitted fabric and many other yarns 8 and 9 appear on the other side. In order to impart flexibility to the knitted fabric, it is preferable to use, as the other yarns 8 and 9, yarns having high stretchability such as polyurethane fibers and raw rubber.

  In the core yarn 10 of the tough yarn 30 of the present invention, the central fiber 1 made of a synthetic fiber extending linearly in the longitudinal direction of the yarn has elasticity, and the spiral shape of the hard fiber 2 wound around the core fiber 1 is provided. Since the shape does not hinder the expansion and contraction of the center fiber 1, the knitted fabric is excellent in flexibility and the cut resistance is improved by using two hard fibers 2.

  Therefore, the knitted fabric knitted with the yarn while the yarn is strong is more flexible than the knitted fabric according to the invention of Patent Document 3, and the fabric can be made thinner.

  In the tough yarn 30 of the present invention, the hard fiber 2 is sandwiched between the center fiber 1 and the lower layer fiber 4, and the winding of the lower layer fiber 4 does not spread even when the hard fiber 2 is further bent. Thus, a part or the whole circumference is covered. For this reason, the knitted fabric of the present invention, like the knitted fabric of Patent Document 3, gives the wearer the unpleasant feeling that the folded end of the hard fiber 2 is difficult to be exposed on the surface of the knitted fabric and is called a tingling sensation. There is no.

The block diagram which shows the manufacturing process of the covering yarn of 1st Example Schematic side view showing double cover processing Schematic side view showing compound processing Schematic enlarged sectional view of the tough yarn of the first embodiment Schematic side view showing the coating process The block diagram which shows the manufacturing process of the covering yarn of 2nd Example Explanatory drawing showing an example of knitted fabric Explanatory drawing showing an example of woven fabric The figure which shows an example of the tough yarn described in patent document 3

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the figure, 1 is a center fiber having elasticity such as polyester fiber, 2 is a hard fiber, 10 is a core yarn obtained by winding two hard fibers 2 around the center fiber 1, 3 is a molten fiber, and 4 is a core yarn 10 Is a lower layer fiber arranged between the molten fiber 3, 20 is a composite yarn in which the core yarn 10, the lower layer fiber 4, and the molten fiber 3 are combined (twisted or covered), and 30 is melted 3 b by the heat treatment 13. A tough yarn in which the molten fiber 3 is welded and integrated with the core yarn 10 and the unmelted lower layer fiber 4, 40a is a coated yarn obtained by winding the wound yarn 5 around the tough yarn 30, and 40b is a coating treatment 14 heated. This is a coated yarn obtained before treatment 13 and is a coated yarn in which the molten resin 3b of the molten fiber is fused to the lower wound yarn 5 in addition to the core yarn 10 and the lower layer fiber 4.

  1 to 5 are diagrams showing the first embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the order of the heat treatment 13 and the coating treatment 14 in the first embodiment is reversed.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the manufacturing process of the coated yarn 40a. As shown in FIG. 2, two hard fibers 2 are wound around the center fiber 1 in opposite directions to form the core yarn 10 by the double cover treatment 11 in the first step. In order to balance the torque acting on the core yarn 10 from the wound hard fiber 2, in this embodiment, the same number of turns is obtained by using a covering machine capable of double covering two hard fibers 2 of the same material and thickness. It is wound in one process in opposite directions.

  The obtained core yarn 10 is combined with the lower layer fiber 4 and the molten fiber 3 in the composite treatment 12 in the second step. The obtained composite yarn 20 is heat-treated 13 in the third step, and at least the peripheral portion of the molten fiber 3 is melted 3b to adhere to the composited center fiber 1, hard fiber 2 and lower layer fiber 4. The yarn obtained by the heat treatment 13 is a tough yarn 30. The composite treatment 12 is generally performed in a plurality of twisting or covering steps.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the lower layer fiber 4 is wound so that the core yarn 10 is exposed between adjacent lower layer fibers without completely covering the surface of the core yarn 10. The number of turns of the preferred lower layer fiber 4 is 40 times / m to 1,800 times / m, preferably 100 times / m to 1,200 times / m.

  The molten fiber 3 is wound so as to intersect the lower layer fiber (attached yarn) wound around the core yarn 10. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower layer fiber 4 is wound around the core yarn 10, and the molten fiber 3 that becomes the upper wound yarn is wound with the winding direction reversed.

  In the heat treatment 13 in the third step, at least the peripheral portion of the molten fiber 3 in the composite yarn 20 obtained by the composite treatment 12 in the second step is melted to form the core yarn 10 and the lower layer fiber 4 wound earlier. It is a process to fuse the three together. Therefore, the heating temperature and the heating time are the temperature and time at which at least the peripheral portion of the molten fiber 3 is melted 3b and the melted resin is fused to the surfaces of the central fiber 1, the hard fiber 2, and the lower layer fiber 4.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged view schematically showing a cross section of the tough yarn 30 obtained by the heat treatment 13. As shown in the figure, the resin 3b melted on the surface of the core yarn 10 is fused to the surface of the core yarn 10 and the lower layer fiber 4 in the lower layer in a state of spreading from the center portion 3a of the melted fiber. In the resin 3b, the high melting point portion 3a, which is the center of the molten fiber, remains without being melted and wound around the core yarn 10 and the lower layer fiber 4.

  As described above, the lower layer fiber 4 does not completely cover the surface of the core yarn 10, and the core yarn 10 is exposed between the wound lower layer fibers 4. The melted molten fiber 3 is fused to the surface of the central fiber 1 and the hard fiber 2 in the exposed region. On the other hand, since the molten fiber 3 is compounded so as to intersect with the lower layer fiber 4, the melted fiber 3 is fused to the lower layer fiber 4 at the intersecting portion.

  In the coating process 14 in the fourth step, the wound yarn 5 is wound around the tough yarn 30 obtained in the third step. FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view showing a state during covering in the covering process 14, and shows a state in which the wound yarn 5 is wound around the tough yarn 30. FIG. 5 shows a single cover, but a double cover may be used. By this coating treatment, the coated yarn 40a can be obtained.

  In the case of using a yarn having heat resistance as the winding yarn 5, that is, a winding yarn that does not melt during the heat treatment 13 in which the molten fiber 3 is melted and fused to the core yarn 10 and the lower layer fiber 4, FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the coating process 14 can be performed before the heat treatment 13.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the manufacturing process of the coated yarn 40b of the second embodiment, which is different from the process of the first embodiment except that the order of the heat treatment 13 and the coating treatment 14 is reversed. There is no. In the case where two or more wound yarns 5 are wound in a plurality of steps, it can also be performed during the coating process in which the heat treatment is performed in two steps. The obtained coated yarn 40b is such that the wound yarn 5 wound before the heat treatment 13 is limited to a yarn having heat resistance, and the molten fiber 3 melted by the heat treatment 13 is also applied to the wound yarn 5. It differs from the coated yarn 40a of the first embodiment only in the point that it is fused.

  The coated yarn 40 of the present invention can be knitted or woven alone or together with yarns containing other hard fibers, but is generally knitted or woven with other yarns not containing hard fibers. For example, the coated yarn 40 of the present invention is used as the ground yarn, and the knitting yarn 8 is a yarn containing a high elastic yarn such as polyurethane fiber or raw rubber, a bulky processed yarn, a natural fiber yarn or the like, and has elasticity, moisture absorption and touch. Using the excellent yarn, the base yarn 40 appears on the outer surface of the garment, and the knitting yarn 8 appears on the inner surface, and the plating (addition yarn knitting, FIG. 7) can be used.

  Plating is widely used as a method of knitting that uses different yarns on the front and back sides, but double knitting and double-sided knitting are also known. By using these techniques, the outer surface or surface is cut resistant. A knitted fabric having properties and toughness, and having properties corresponding to the use of each knitted fabric such as flexibility, hygroscopicity, and touch on the inner surface or the back surface can be obtained.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer layer 21 is woven with the coated yarn 40 of the present invention, the inner layer 22 is woven with another yarn 9 made of fibers having excellent tactile sensation, and the other yarn 9 is placed on the outer layer. For example, a woven fabric having a double structure that is intermittently hung on 21 and connected. Double-sided knitting is a two-layer knitted fabric similar to double weaving.

  Table 1 is a table showing an example of the coated yarn 40a of the first embodiment, which the inventors of the present application made as a trial. In Table 1, sus is a 316L stainless steel wire, E is an E-class glass fiber, S is an S-class glass fiber, WE is a Woolley ester, WN is a Woolley nylon, MP is a low-melting polyester melt fiber, d is Denier, μ is the micron of the wire diameter, “core” is the center fiber of the core yarn 10, “upper” and “lower” are the lower and upper fibers of the double-covered fiber, t / m is the number of turns per meter is there.

  The stainless steel wire and tungsten wire used for the test are monofilaments, the glass yarn is a multifilament of glass fibers having 100 to 200 strands, and the wound yarn is a multifilament. The molten fiber is a yarn composed of a plurality of fibers having a high melting point at the center and a low melting point at the periphery, and is a spun yarn or a multifilament. The melted fiber composed of a plurality of spun yarns and multifilaments was melted by heat treatment 13 into a monofilament shape composed of a plurality of fibers 3a remaining without melting and a melted resin 3b integrally including them. The low melting point portion is fused to the center fiber 1, the hard fiber 2 and the lower layer fiber 4 wound around the center fiber 1.

  The tough yarns shown in Table 1 are examples that the inventors of the present application considered to be optimal and tried to manufacture, each having a difference in cut resistance, flexibility and stretchability of the resulting knitted fabric, cost, The best one should be selected and used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Center fiber 2 Hard fiber 3 Molten fiber 4 Lower layer fiber 5 Winding yarn 8, 9 Elastic yarn 10 Core yarn 11 Double cover treatment 12 Composite treatment 13 Heat treatment 14 Cover treatment 10 Core yarn 20 Composite yarn 30 Tough yarn 40 (40a, 40b ) Covered yarn

Claims (5)

  A core yarn formed by winding two hard fibers made of monofilament or multifilament on polyester and other elastic center fibers in opposite directions, and the lower layer fiber and the molten fiber are wound in opposite directions, A tough yarn in which the molten fiber melted by heat treatment is fused to the hard fiber and the unmelted lower layer fiber.   The molten fiber is a fiber having a low melting point and a high melting point in its cross section, and only the low melting point is melted by heat treatment and fused to the hard fiber and the unmelted lower fiber, The core yarn according to claim 1.   A coated yarn in which a wound yarn is wound around the core yarn according to claim 1 or 2 and the melted molten fiber is not fused to the wound yarn.   A coated yarn in which a wound yarn is wound around the core yarn according to claim 1 or 2, and the melted molten fiber is also fused to the wound yarn.   A knitted fabric of the coated yarn according to claim 3 and another yarn not containing hard fibers, wherein the coated yarn appears on one side of the knitted fabric, and the other yarn is on the other side. Knitted fabric that appears a lot.

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