JP2019002638A - Group setting determination device, group setting determination method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To present whether group settings of an indoor unit are proper to a user.SOLUTION: A group information acquisition part 550 acquires group information including respective addresses of a plurality of indoor units through communication from an air-conditioning remote controller which performs common control over a plurality of indoor units in a group setting fashion. A command transmission part 551 transmits a predetermined control command to the plurality of indoor units respectively. A waveform feature quantity detection part 552 detects waveform feature quantities of respective response commands to the control command from the plurality of indoor units, and saves, in a memory, waveform feature quantity data, in which the detected waveform feature quantities and the indoor units as response sources are made to correspond to each other. A determination part 553 determines, based upon the waveform feature quantity data, whether the group settings are proper or not, and displays a determination result on a display.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for determining whether or not a group setting of an indoor unit is appropriate.

  In buildings such as office buildings, multi-air conditioner systems capable of controlling a plurality of indoor units from a single outdoor unit are widely adopted. In this multi air conditioner system, an outdoor unit and an indoor unit to be controlled are connected by a refrigerant pipe and a communication line for air conditioning control, and a user can individually operate a desired indoor unit via a remote controller. In addition, a common operation can be instructed simultaneously to a plurality of grouped indoor units.

  In order to enable the latter operation, at the time of construction, a user (for example, a contractor) needs to operate a remote controller to group a plurality of target indoor units in advance. More specifically, the user operates the remote controller to perform setting (hereinafter referred to as group setting) for associating each control address of a plurality of target indoor units with one group address, and the remote controller in advance. It is necessary to register.

  Since group setting is performed manually as described above, there is a problem that the work load increases if the total number of indoor units to be installed is very large.

  On the other hand, from the viewpoint of facilitating the grouping operation of the indoor units, in the air conditioner system disclosed in Patent Document 1, the outdoor unit sequentially separates the indoor units from the start to the end of the group setting process. Designated and individually designated indoor units blink the power lamp. The user can perform the group setting by selecting, with the remote controller, whether or not to make the blinking indoor unit subordinate to the group.

JP 2012-137198 A

  However, even with the technique disclosed in Patent Literature 1 described above, setting errors may occur because of user intervention. Therefore, it is important to verify whether or not the group setting is appropriate. However, after the group setting, it is actually the case that no significant technique has been proposed to determine whether or not it was appropriate. is there.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a group setting determination device or the like that presents to a user whether or not the group setting of an indoor unit is appropriate.

In order to achieve the above object, a group setting determination device according to the present invention includes:
Address acquisition means for acquiring addresses of each of the plurality of indoor units by communication from an air conditioning remote controller that performs common control by group setting a plurality of indoor units,
Command transmitting means for transmitting a predetermined control command to each of the plurality of indoor units;
Waveform feature amount detection that detects the waveform feature amount of each response command to the control command from the plurality of indoor units, and stores the waveform feature amount data in which the detected waveform feature amount and the response source indoor unit are associated with each other in a memory Means,
Determination means for determining whether or not the group setting is appropriate based on the waveform feature amount data and displaying a determination result on a display.

  According to the present invention, the user can easily confirm whether or not the indoor unit group setting is appropriate.

The figure which shows the whole structure of the air conditioning system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the remote control which concerns on this embodiment The block diagram which shows the structure of the group setting determination apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The block diagram which shows the function structure of the control part with which the group setting determination apparatus which concerns on this embodiment is provided. The figure which shows the example of a waveform of the control command in this embodiment The figure for demonstrating the waveform feature-value detected in this embodiment The figure which shows an example of the content of the waveform feature-value data in this embodiment The figure which shows an example of the determination result which the group setting determination apparatus which concerns on this embodiment displays The flowchart which shows the procedure of the group setting determination process which the group setting determination apparatus which concerns on this embodiment performs.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an air conditioning system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The air conditioning system 1 is a system that air-conditions a building such as an office building, for example. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of outdoor units 2 (2a to 2c) and a plurality of indoor units 3 (3a to 3x) A plurality of remote controllers 4 (4a to 4d) and a group setting determination device 5 are provided.

  The outdoor units 2a to 2c, the indoor units 3a to 3x, the remote controllers 4a to 4c, and the group setting determination device 5 are bus-connected to the communication line 6, and the indoor unit 3s and the remote controller 4d are connected to each other via the communication line 7. It is connected so that it can communicate.

  The outdoor unit 2a and the twelve indoor units 3a to 3l, the outdoor unit 2b and the six indoor units 3m to 3r, and the outdoor unit 2c and the six indoor units 3s to 3x each circulate refrigerant. Connected to a separate refrigerant pipe.

  The remote controller 4 is a device that controls the operation of the corresponding indoor unit 3 so that the air state (temperature, humidity, etc.) of the corresponding air-conditioning target area becomes a state desired by the user. In the present embodiment, the remote controller 4a corresponds to the indoor units 3a to 3f, the remote controller 4b corresponds to the indoor units 3g to 3l, the remote controller 4c corresponds to the indoor units 3m to 3r, and the remote controller 4d It corresponds to 3s-3x.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the remote controller 4 includes an operation receiving unit 40, a display 41, a communication unit 42, a data storage unit 43, and a control unit 44. The operation reception unit 40 includes input devices such as push buttons, a touch panel, and a touch pad, receives an input operation from the user, and sends a signal related to the received input operation to the control unit 44.

  The display 41 is an organic EL display, a liquid crystal display, or the like, and displays various information related to air conditioning in a corresponding air conditioning target area such as a user operation screen and a monitoring screen under the control of the control unit 44.

  The communication unit 42 includes a first communication interface for communicating with the corresponding outdoor unit 2 and indoor unit 3 via the communication line 6 that is a communication line for air conditioning control, and a communication line 7 that is a communication line for a remote controller. A second communication interface for communicating with the corresponding indoor unit 3 is provided. Note that the communication unit 42 does not necessarily include both the first communication interface and the second communication interface, and may be configured to include either one according to the connection environment.

  The data storage unit 43 is composed of an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), a readable / writable nonvolatile semiconductor memory such as a flash memory, and various programs such as a user interface program and a communication program, Data used when executing these programs is stored.

  The control unit 44 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like (all not shown) and controls the remote controller 4 in an integrated manner.

  The remote controller 4 is installed near the entrance to the living room space where the corresponding indoor unit 3 is installed. When the remote controller 4 receives an operation related to air conditioning from the user, the remote controller 4 transmits a control command based on the operation to the corresponding outdoor unit 2 and indoor unit 3. The outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 3 that have received the control command perform an operation based on the control command. That is, the indoor unit 3 performs switching of operation start / stop, switching of operation modes such as cooling, heating, dehumidification, and air blowing, and change of set temperature, set humidity, air volume, and the like according to the contents of the received control command. Moreover, the outdoor unit 2 operates each part (a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, etc.) which comprises an own unit so that the indoor unit 3 can perform said driving | operation.

  The remote controller 4 transmits a control command including a device address indicating the indoor unit 3 when the user performs an operation designating one specific indoor unit 3. In this case, only the indoor unit 3 with the device address performs an operation based on the control command, and the outdoor unit 2 operates each unit constituting the own unit so that the indoor unit 3 can perform the operation. The remote controller 4 transmits a control command including a group address when the user performs an operation for specifying a group. In this case, all the indoor units 3 corresponding to the remote controller 4 perform the operation based on the control command, and the outdoor unit 2 automatically operates so that all the indoor units 3 corresponding to the group can perform the operation. Operate each part of the machine.

  When connecting to a specific indoor unit 3 (in this case, the indoor unit 3s) via the communication line 7 as in the case of the remote controller 4d, the control command is transmitted to the corresponding outdoor unit 2 and other units via the indoor unit 3. Is transmitted to the indoor unit 3. At this time, the indoor unit 3 converts the control command from the remote controller 4 into a frame in accordance with the protocol for remote controller communication from the protocol for remote controller communication, and then the corresponding outdoor unit 2 and other indoor units 3. Send to.

  The remote controller 4 can perform common control (hereinafter referred to as group control) for the plurality of indoor units 3 as described above. In order to perform this group control, the user needs to perform group setting for each remote controller 4 in advance via the remote controller 4. Hereinafter, the group setting will be described.

  First, the user goes to the installation location of the remote controller 4 in the air-conditioning target area where group setting is desired, operates the operation reception unit 40, and inputs group setting start. Then, the control unit 44 of the remote controller 4 displays a group setting screen (not shown) on the display 41. The user inputs the device address of the indoor unit 3 to be grouped via the group setting screen. The device address is a communication address assigned to each indoor unit 3. For example, when performing group setting via the group setting screen displayed by the remote controller 4a, the user inputs the device addresses of the indoor units 3a to 3f.

  When the operation through the group setting screen is completed by the user, the control unit 44 generates group information including the newly allocated group address and a plurality of input device addresses, and stores them in the data storage unit 43. To do. In addition, the control unit 44 issues a notification (hereinafter referred to as a group setting notification) indicating that the group setting has been performed to each grouped indoor unit 3 and the corresponding outdoor unit 2. The group setting notification includes group information.

  The indoor unit 3 (for example, the indoor units 3a to 3f) that has received the group setting notification stores the group address included in the group setting notification in a memory included in the own unit. In addition, the outdoor unit 2 (for example, the outdoor unit 2a) that has received the group setting notification stores group information included in the group setting notification in a memory included in the own unit. Thereby, thereafter, the remote controller 4 (for example, the remote controller 4a) can perform group control on the plurality of grouped indoor units 3 (for example, the indoor units 3a to 3f) in accordance with a user operation. It becomes possible.

  When connecting to a specific indoor unit 3 (in this case, the indoor unit 3s) via the communication line 7 as in the case of the remote controller 4d, the group setting notification is sent to the corresponding outdoor unit via the indoor unit 3. 2 and other indoor units 3. At this time, the indoor unit 3 converts the group setting notification from the remote controller 4 from a protocol for remote control communication into a frame conforming to the protocol for communication between air conditioners, and then the corresponding outdoor unit 2 and other indoor units. 3 to send.

  The group setting determination device 5 is a device that determines whether or not the group setting performed by the user with each remote controller 4 is appropriate and presents the determined result to the user. As shown in FIG. 3, the group setting determination device 5 includes an operation reception unit 50, a display 51, a communication unit 52, a data storage unit 53, a waveform acquisition unit 54, and a control unit 55. The operation receiving unit 50 includes input devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, a keypad, a push button, a touch panel, and a touch pad, receives an input operation from the user, and sends a signal related to the received input operation to the control unit 55.

  The display 51 is a CRT display, a liquid crystal display, an organic EL display, a plasma display, or the like, and displays various information related to the appropriateness determination of the group setting under the control of the control unit 55.

  The communication unit 52 includes a communication interface for communicating with each indoor unit 3 and each remote controller 4 via the communication line 6 that is a communication line for air conditioning control. Note that the communication unit 52 uses the indoor unit 3 (in this embodiment, indoor unit 3s) connected to the remote controller 4 for the remote controller 4 (in this embodiment, remote control 4d) connected to the communication line 7. connect.

  The data storage unit 53 is configured by a readable / writable nonvolatile semiconductor memory such as an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) or a flash memory, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), or the like. The data storage unit 53 stores a program related to group setting appropriateness determination (hereinafter referred to as a group setting determination program) and data used when the group setting determination program is executed.

  The waveform acquisition unit 54 acquires communication data related to air conditioning control received from each indoor unit 3 via the communication unit 52, specifically, waveform data of a response command to the transmitted control command. The waveform acquisition unit 54 is configured with a digital oscilloscope, for example. The waveform acquisition unit 54 outputs the acquired waveform data to the control unit 55.

  The control unit 55 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like (all not shown), and performs overall control of the group setting determination device 5. Functionally, the control unit 55 includes a group information acquisition unit 550, a command transmission unit 551, a waveform feature amount detection unit 552, and a determination unit 553, as shown in FIG. These functional units are realized by the CPU executing a group setting determination program stored in the data storage unit 53.

  The group information acquisition unit 550 is an example of an address acquisition unit according to the present invention. The group information acquisition unit 550 receives designation of the target remote controller 4 from the user, and acquires group information from the designated remote controller 4. Specifically, the group information acquisition unit 550 transmits data requesting group information (hereinafter referred to as group information request data) to the remote controller 4 designated by the user via the communication unit 52. The remote controller 4 that has received the group information request data reads the group information stored in the data storage unit 43. Then, the remote controller 4 generates response data in which the read group information is stored, and transmits the response data to the group setting determination device 5.

  When the response data is received by the communication unit 52, the group information acquisition unit 550 extracts group information from the response data and stores it in the data storage unit 53 or the RAM. As described above, the group information includes the group address and the device addresses of each of the grouped indoor units 3.

  The command transmission unit 551 is an example of a command transmission unit according to the present invention. The command transmission unit 551 transmits a control command having a predetermined content to a plurality of device addresses included in the acquired group information, that is, to the plurality of indoor units 3 set as a group. Although the content of the control command transmitted here is arbitrary, it is preferable to transmit a control command in which the operation state is not changed, that is, the air conditioning does not change, such as acquisition of the operation state, during a normal operation time period.

  The waveform feature quantity detection unit 552 is an example of a waveform feature quantity detection unit according to the present invention. The waveform feature amount detection unit 552 detects the waveform feature amount from the waveform data acquired by the waveform acquisition unit 54, that is, the waveform data of the response command from the indoor unit 3 to the control command. In the air conditioning system 1, control commands regarding air conditioning control are serially communicated on the communication line 6. For example, a communication signal in which a control command is encoded by a method such as (a) to (c) in FIG. 5 is transmitted. In the present embodiment, the waveform feature amount detected for each waveform data includes a peak value [V], a sag [V], a rise time [μS], and a pulse width [μS] (see FIG. 6). In this case, the peak value [V], sag [V], rise time [μS], and pulse width [μS] may be the minimum value or the maximum value in the waveform data, respectively. Alternatively, it may be an average value.

  The waveform feature quantity detection unit 552 generates, for each detected waveform feature quantity, waveform feature quantity data in which the group address is associated with the device address of the response-source indoor unit 3, and the memory (that is, the data storage unit 53 or RAM). FIG. 7 shows an example of the contents of the waveform feature amount data.

  The determination unit 553 is an example of a determination unit according to the present invention. Based on the waveform feature data, the determination unit 553 determines whether or not the user's group setting in the remote controller 4 that has acquired the group information is appropriate. Specifically, the determination unit 553 selects one indoor unit 3 in order from the plurality of indoor units 3 set as a group, that is, the plurality of indoor units 3 belonging to the group. The determination unit 553 then selects a waveform feature amount corresponding to the selected indoor unit 3 (hereinafter referred to as a comparison source waveform feature amount) and a waveform feature amount of each of the other indoor units 3 belonging to the group (hereinafter referred to as a comparison). The degree of similarity with the previous waveform feature amount is calculated. Specifically, it is calculated using the cosine similarity as shown in Equation 1 below.

In the above equation 1, A and B are vectors of the waveform feature quantities of the comparison source and the comparison destination, respectively, and are expressed as follows.
A = {A1 (peak value), A2 (sag), A3 (rise time), A4 (pulse width)}
B = {B1 (peak value), B2 (sag), B3 (rise time), B4 (pulse width)}

  The determination unit 553 detects an occurrence rate of similarity lower than a predetermined lower limit similarity (for example, 0.8) for each indoor unit 3 belonging to the group, and the detected occurrence rate is a predetermined upper limit rate ( For example, it is determined whether or not 0.5) is exceeded. And in any indoor unit 3, when the generation rate of the similarity lower than the lower limit similarity exceeds the upper limit rate, the determination unit 553 determines that the indoor unit 3 does not fit the group, and the result It is determined that the group setting is not appropriate. On the other hand, in any indoor unit 3, when the occurrence rate of similarity lower than the lower limit threshold does not exceed the upper limit rate, the determination unit 553 determines that the group setting is appropriate.

  The determination unit 553 displays the determination result on the display 51. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the determination unit 553 indicates, for each indoor unit 3, the similarity with the calculated waveform feature amount of the other indoor unit 3 and the determination result as to whether or not the group matches. A table is displayed on the display 51. Here, only when the determination result of all the indoor units 3 is “◯”, it means that the group setting is determined to be appropriate. When there is an indoor unit 3 whose determination result is “×”, This means that the group setting has been determined to be inappropriate.

  The example of FIG. 8 indicates that it is determined that the indoor unit 3 with the device address “15” is not suitable for the group.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the procedure of the group setting determination process executed by the group setting determination device 5. The group setting determination process is started when an instruction to start the group setting determination program is given by an operation through the user operation reception unit 50.

  The group information acquisition unit 550 receives designation of the remote controller 4 from the user (step S101). Specifically, group information acquisition unit 550 displays on display 51 a screen for the user to specify remote controller 4 (hereinafter referred to as a remote control specifying screen). On the remote control designation screen, for example, an address input field for inputting a desired device address of the remote controller 4 is provided. Alternatively, the device addresses of each remote controller 4 stored in advance in the data storage unit 53 of the group setting determination device 5 are displayed in a list on the remote control designation screen so that the user can select the desired device address of the remote controller 4. May be.

  Furthermore, the group information acquisition unit 550 may display a list of names assigned in advance to each remote controller 4 on the remote control designation screen so that the user can select a desired remote controller 4. In this case, it is assumed that a table in which the name of each remote controller 4 is associated with the device address is stored in advance in the data storage unit 53 of the group setting determination device 5.

  When the remote controller 4 is specified by the user, the group information acquisition unit 550 acquires group information from the specified remote controller 4 through communication (step S102). Based on the acquired group information, the command transmission unit 551 transmits a control command having a predetermined content to the grouped indoor units 3 (step S103).

  The waveform acquisition unit 54 acquires the waveform data of the response command received from each indoor unit 3 in the group (step S104). The waveform feature amount detection unit 552 detects a waveform feature amount from the waveform data corresponding to each indoor unit 3 acquired by the waveform acquisition unit 54 (step S105). The waveform feature quantity detection unit 552 generates, for each detected waveform feature quantity, waveform feature quantity data in which the group address is associated with the device address of the response-source indoor unit 3, and the memory (that is, the data storage unit 53 or (RAM) (step S106).

  Based on the waveform feature data corresponding to each indoor unit 3 in the group, the determination unit 553 determines whether or not the user's group setting in the remote controller 4 is appropriate as described above (step S107). Then, the determination unit 553 displays the determination result on the display 51 (step S108).

  As described above, in the air conditioning system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the group setting determination device 5 acquires group information based on the user's group settings from the remote controller 4, and sets the group settings based on the group information. By communicating with each indoor unit 3, the waveform feature amount corresponding to each indoor unit 3 is detected. Then, the group setting determination device 5 determines whether or not the group setting is appropriate based on the waveform feature amount corresponding to each indoor unit 3 and displays the determination result on the display 51.

  For this reason, the user can easily confirm whether or not the group setting of the indoor unit is appropriate.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Of course, the various change in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention is possible.

  For example, in the above embodiment, when the group setting determination process is started, designation of the remote controller 4 is accepted from the user, but such designation is not necessarily required. For example, the group setting determination device 5 may continuously perform the group setting determination process of FIG.

  The waveform feature amount detection unit 552 does not necessarily need to detect all of the peak value, sag, rise time, and pulse width as the waveform feature amount, and may detect at least one of them. The similarity calculation method is also a design matter and can be appropriately selected from various known methods.

  In the above embodiment, the group setting determination device 5 executes the group setting determination program stored in the data storage unit 53 by the control unit 55, thereby causing each functional unit of the control unit 55 (see FIG. 4). ) Has been realized.

  However, all or a part of the functional units of the control unit 55 of the group setting determination device 5 may be realized by dedicated hardware. The dedicated hardware is, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a combination thereof.

  In the above embodiment, the group setting determination program executed by the control unit 55 of the group setting determination apparatus 5 is a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), a magneto-optical disk (Magneto-). It is also possible to store and distribute in a computer-readable recording medium such as an optical disc (USB), a universal serial bus (USB) memory, a memory card, or an HDD. Then, by installing the group setting determination program distributed in this way on a specific or general-purpose computer, it is possible to cause the computer to function as the group setting determination device 5 in the above-described embodiment.

  Alternatively, the group setting determination program may be stored in a disk device or the like of another server on the Internet, and the group setting determination program may be downloaded from the server to the group setting determination device 5.

  Various embodiments and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the broad spirit and scope. Further, the above-described embodiment is for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiments but by the claims. Various modifications within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioning system, 2a-2c outdoor unit, 3a-3x indoor unit, 4a-4d remote control, 5 group setting determination apparatus, 6,7 communication line, 40,50 operation reception part, 41,51 display, 42,52 communication part , 43, 53 Data storage unit, 44, 55 control unit, 54 waveform acquisition unit, 550 group information acquisition unit, 551 command transmission unit, 552 waveform feature amount detection unit, 553 determination unit

Claims (7)

Address acquisition means for acquiring addresses of each of the plurality of indoor units by communication from an air conditioning remote controller that performs common control by group setting a plurality of indoor units,
Command transmitting means for transmitting a predetermined control command to each of the plurality of indoor units;
Waveform feature amount detection that detects the waveform feature amount of each response command to the control command from the plurality of indoor units, and stores the waveform feature amount data in which the detected waveform feature amount and the response source indoor unit are associated with each other in a memory Means,
A group setting determination device comprising: determination means for determining whether or not the group setting is appropriate based on the waveform feature amount data and displaying a determination result on a display.   The group setting determination device according to claim 1, wherein the waveform feature amount includes at least one of a peak value, a sag, a rise time, and a pulse width.   The determination unit calculates, for each of the plurality of indoor units, a similarity between the waveform feature amount corresponding to the indoor unit and the waveform feature amount of each of the plurality of indoor units excluding the indoor unit, The group setting is determined to be inappropriate when there is an indoor unit in which a generation ratio of a similarity lower than a predetermined lower limit similarity exceeds a predetermined upper limit ratio among a plurality of indoor units. Or the group setting determination apparatus of 2.   The group setting determination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit calculates a cosine similarity as the similarity.   The determination unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determination unit displays, on the display, information indicating whether the plurality of indoor units are adapted to the group setting as the determination result. Group setting judgment device. The address acquisition means acquires the addresses of each of the plurality of indoor units by communication from an air-conditioning remote controller that performs group control of the plurality of indoor units and performs common control,
The command transmission means transmits a predetermined control command to each of the plurality of indoor units,
Waveform feature quantity detection means detects the waveform feature quantity of each response command to the control command from the plurality of indoor units, and stores waveform feature quantity data in which the detected waveform feature quantity is associated with the response source indoor unit Save to
A group setting determination method, wherein a determination unit determines whether or not the group setting is appropriate based on the waveform feature amount data, and displays a determination result on a display. Computer
Address acquisition means for acquiring addresses of the plurality of indoor units by communication from an air-conditioning remote controller that performs common control by group setting a plurality of indoor units,
Command transmitting means for transmitting a predetermined control command to each of the plurality of indoor units;
Waveform feature amount detection that detects the waveform feature amount of each response command to the control command from the plurality of indoor units, and stores the waveform feature amount data in which the detected waveform feature amount and the response source indoor unit are associated with each other in a memory means,
A program for determining whether or not the group setting is appropriate based on the waveform feature amount data and causing the determination result to be displayed on a display.

Images