JP2018505234A - 高分子電解質膜 - Google Patents
高分子電解質膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018505234A JP2018505234A JP2017527563A JP2017527563A JP2018505234A JP 2018505234 A JP2018505234 A JP 2018505234A JP 2017527563 A JP2017527563 A JP 2017527563A JP 2017527563 A JP2017527563 A JP 2017527563A JP 2018505234 A JP2018505234 A JP 2018505234A
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
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- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000355 1,3-benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- MYKQKWIPLZEVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11h-benzo[a]carbazole Chemical group C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1N2 MYKQKWIPLZEVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 1
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N binaphthyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
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- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYZXTLXQZSXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium platinum Chemical compound [Os].[Pt] IYZXTLXQZSXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical group C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
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- CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru].[Pt] CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadyl sulfate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/16—Organic material
- B01J39/18—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J39/19—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/12—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
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Abstract
Description
[化学式1]
mは1〜6の整数であり、
Mは1族元素であり、
R1及びR2は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立してハロゲン基であり、
nは1〜10の整数であり、
m及びnが2以上である場合、2以上の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。
[化学式1−1]
[化学式4]
XはS;O;CO;SO;SO2;NR'''';炭化水素系またはフッ素系結合体であり、
lは0〜10の整数であり、
lが2以上である場合、2以上のXは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
Y1及びY2は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立してNR''''R'''';ヒドロキシ基及びハロゲン基からなる群より選択される置換基で1または2以上置換された芳香族環;またはヒドロキシ基及びハロゲン基からなる群より選択される置換基で1または2以上置換された脂肪族環であり、
R''''は水素;ハロゲン基で置換された芳香族環;またはハロゲン基で置換された脂肪族環であり、
Zは3価の有機基である。
[化学式5−1]
L1〜L7は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して直接結合;−S−;−O−;−CO−;または−SO2−であり、
R10〜R20は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;重水素;ハロゲン基;シアノ基;ニトリル基;ニトロ基;ヒドロキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基;置換もしくは非置換のアリール基;または置換もしくは非置換のヘテロアリール基であり、
e、e'、e''、f'、h、i及びjは各々1〜4の整数であり、
d、f及びgは各々1〜3の整数であり、
kは1〜6の整数であり、
d、e、e'、e''、f、f'、g、h、i、j及びkが各々2以上の整数である場合、2以上の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。
[化学式1−A]
oは1〜10の整数であり、
oが2以上である場合、2以上のLは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
R、R'、R''、R'''及びRaは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキル基である。
[化学式2]
LaはCO;SO2;またはC(CF3)2であり、
S1及びS2は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;重水素;ハロゲン基;シアノ基;ニトリル基;ニトロ基;ヒドロキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基;置換もしくは非置換のシリル基;置換もしくは非置換のアリール基;置換もしくは非置換の複素環基;−(L)o−N+RR'R'';−(L)o−P+RR'R'';または下記化学式1−Aであり、
[化学式1−A]
Lは直接結合;O;NR''';S;SO2;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキレン基であり、
oは1〜10の整数であり、
oが2以上である場合、2以上のLは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
R、R'、R''、R'''及びRaは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキル基であり、
a及びa'は各々1〜4の整数であり、
a及びa'が各々2以上の整数である場合、2以上の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。
[化学式2−1]
S1、S2、a及びa'の定義は前述したとおりである。
[化学式3]
E1及びE2はヒドロキシ基またはチオール基であり、
S5は水素;重水素;ハロゲン基;シアノ基;ニトリル基;ニトロ基;ヒドロキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基;置換もしくは非置換のシリル基;置換もしくは非置換のアリール基;置換もしくは非置換の複素環基;−(L)o−N+RR'R'';−(L)o−P+RR'R'';または下記化学式1−Aであり、
[化学式1−A]
Lは直接結合;O;NR''';S;SO2;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキレン基であり、
oは1〜10の整数であり、
oが2以上である場合、2以上のLは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
R、R'、R''、R'''及びRaは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキル基であり、
bは1〜4の整数であり、
cは1〜3の整数であり、
b及びcが各々2以上の整数である場合、2以上の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。
[化学式3−1]
S5及びbの定義は前述したとおりであり、
S5'はS5と互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立してS5の定義と同様であり、bが2以上である場合、複数の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。
前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体及び前記構造の少なくとも一つのカチオン性側鎖を含む重合体を含む樹脂を用いて高分子電解質膜を製造した。
少なくとも一つのカチオン性側鎖を含む重合体を用いないことを除いては、実験例1と同様に製造した。
前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体を用いないことを除いては、実験例1と同様に製造した。
[一般式1]
Vは硫酸溶液の体積を意味し、
COは硫酸マグネシウムタンクのバナジウムイオンの初基濃度を意味し、
Ctはt時間に硫酸マグネシウムタンクのバナジウム濃度を意味し、
Aは硫酸溶液に接したフィルムの面積を意味し、
Pはバナジウムイオンの透過度を意味し、
Lはフィルムの厚さを意味する。
200a ・・・アノード
200b ・・・カソード
10、20 ・・・タンク
11、21 ・・・ポンプ
31 ・・・電解質膜
32 ・・・正極セル
33 ・・・負極セル
41 ・・・正極電解液
42 ・・・負極電解液
60 ・・・スタック
70 ・・・酸化剤供給部
80 ・・・燃料供給部
81 ・・・燃料タンク
82 ・・・ポンプ
Claims (18)
- 下記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体、及び
少なくとも一つのカチオン性側鎖を含む重合体を含む高分子電解質膜:
[化学式1]
mは1〜6の整数であり、
Mは1族元素であり、
R1及びR2は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立してハロゲン基であり、
nは1〜10の整数であり、
m及びnが2以上である場合、2以上の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。 - 前記カチオン性側鎖は、−(L)o−N+RR'R'';−(L)o−P+RR'R'';または下記化学式1−Aである、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜:
[化学式1−A]
oは1〜10の整数であり、
oが2以上である場合、2以上のLは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
R、R'、R''、R'''及びRaは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキル基である。 - 前記少なくとも一つのカチオン性側鎖を含む重合体は下記化学式2で表される単位を含む、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜:
[化学式2]
LaはCO;SO2;またはC(CF3)2であり、
S1及びS2は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;重水素;ハロゲン基;シアノ基;ニトリル基;ニトロ基;ヒドロキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基;置換もしくは非置換のシリル基;置換もしくは非置換のアリール基;置換もしくは非置換の複素環基;−(L)o−N+RR'R'';−(L)o−P+RR'R'';または下記化学式1−Aであり、
[化学式1−A]
Lは直接結合;O;NR''';S;SO2;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキレン基であり、
oは1〜10の整数であり、
oが2以上である場合、2以上のLは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
R、R'、R''、R'''及びRaは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキル基であり、
a及びa'は各々1〜4の整数であり、
a及びa'が各々2以上の整数である場合、2以上の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。 - 前記少なくとも一つのカチオン性側鎖を含む重合体は、下記化学式3で表される化合物から由来する単位をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜:
[化学式3]
E1及びE2はヒドロキシ基またはチオール基であり、
S5は水素;重水素;ハロゲン基;シアノ基;ニトリル基;ニトロ基;ヒドロキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基;置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシ基;置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基;置換もしくは非置換のシリル基;置換もしくは非置換のアリール基;置換もしくは非置換の複素環基;−(L)o−N+RR'R'';−(L)o−P+RR'R'';または下記化学式1−Aであり、
[化学式1−A]
Lは直接結合;O;NR''';S;SO2;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキレン基であり、
oは1〜10の整数であり、
oが2以上である場合、2以上のLは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
R、R'、R''、R'''及びRaは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立して水素;または置換もしくは非置換の炭素数1〜10のアルキル基であり、
bは1〜4の整数であり、
cは1〜3の整数であり、
b及びcが各々2以上の整数である場合、2以上の括弧内の構造は互いに同一であるかまたは異なる。 - 前記化学式1で表される第1単位は、下記化学式1−1〜1−9のいずれか一つで表される、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜:
[化学式1−1]
- 前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体は、前記化学式1で表される単位を1モル%〜100モル%含む、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体はランダム重合体である、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体は親水性ブロック及び疏水性ブロックを含むブロック重合体であり、
前記親水性ブロックは前記化学式1で表される単位を含む、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。 - 前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体内に前記親水性ブロックと疏水性ブロックは1:0.1〜1:10のモル比で含まれる、請求項8に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体は、下記化学式4で表される化合物から由来するブランチャー、または
下記化学式5で表されるブランチャーをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜:
[化学式4]
XはS;O;CO;SO;SO2;NR'''';炭化水素系またはフッ素系結合体であり、
lは0〜10の整数であり、
lが2以上である場合、2以上のXは互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、
Y1及びY2は互いに同一であるかまたは異なり、各々独立してNR''''R'''';ヒドロキシ基及びハロゲン基からなる群より選択される置換基で1または2以上置換された芳香族環;またはヒドロキシ基及びハロゲン基からなる群より選択される置換基で1または2以上置換された脂肪族環であり、
R''''は水素;ハロゲン基で置換された芳香族環;またはハロゲン基で置換された脂肪族環であり、
Zは3価の有機基である。 - 前記高分子電解質膜は、前記化学式1で表される単位を含む重合体と前記少なくとも一つのカチオン性側鎖を含む重合体を1:1〜1:50の重量比で含む、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 前記高分子電解質膜のイオン伝導度は0.01S/cm以上0.5S/cm以下である、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 前記高分子電解質膜のイオン交換容量(IEC)値は0.01mmol/g〜5mmol/gである、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 前記高分子電解質膜の厚さは1μm〜500μmである、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- 前記高分子電解質膜は基材をさらに含む強化膜である、請求項1に記載の高分子電解質膜。
- アノード、カソード、及び前記アノードと前記カソードとの間に備えられた請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の高分子電解質膜を含む膜電極接合体。
- 2以上の請求項16に記載の膜電極接合体、
前記膜電極接合体の間に備えられたバイポーラプレートを含むスタック、
前記スタックに燃料を供給する燃料供給部、及び
前記スタックに酸化剤を供給する酸化剤供給部を含む高分子電解質型燃料電池。 - 正極及び正極電解液を含む正極セル、
負極及び負極電解液を含む負極セル、及び
前記正極セルと前記負極セルとの間に備えられた請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の高分子電解質膜を含むレドックスフロー電池。
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