JP2017073970A - Storage battery and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a storage battery which can avoid an electric shortage at use of the storage battery outside a facility, while supplying power from one storage battery to a power load in a facility to which power is to be supplied.SOLUTION: The storage battery which is controlled by a power management device which manages power in facilities equipped with a natural energy power generation device, a power load and a storage battery, the power management device includes a power storage amount estimation calculation unit, a maximum power storage amount adjustment unit, a power storage amount adjustment unit at the use outside the facility and a charge and discharge control unit. The storage battery includes: a charge mode which forcibly charges at constant power including the outside supply power; a standby mode which neither performs charging nor discharging; and an automatic mode which performs charging when the generated power of the natural energy power generation device is larger than the power consumption of the power load. The power management device sets one of the charge mode, the standby mode and the automatic mode of the storage battery on a time-by-time basis.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage battery and a vehicle.

In connection with natural energy power generation such as solar power generation, several techniques for storing surplus power and effectively using the power have been proposed.
For example, the storage battery operation control device described in Patent Document 1 is based on the time change of the capacity of the storage battery predicted by the time change of the used power used in the power load and the time change of the natural energy generated power. The maximum peak value of the capacity of the storage battery is predicted, and the upper limit side differential electric energy that is the difference between the set upper limit value of the storage battery capacity and the maximum peak value of the storage battery capacity is calculated. Then, the storage battery operation control device corrects the predicted value of the capacity of the storage battery at a predetermined initial time in a time change based on at least the correction capacity based on the upper limit side differential power amount, and the required power storage at the initial time The capacity is calculated, and the storage battery is controlled so that the capacity of the storage battery becomes the required storage capacity at the initial time.
Thereby, the reverse power flow of the surplus power to the external power supply system can be reduced, and the supply of power from the external power supply system can be reduced.

In addition, several techniques for charging an in-vehicle storage battery by natural energy power generation have been proposed.
For example, the power supply distribution control device described in Patent Document 2 calculates the expected solar power generation amount and the predicted charge amount of the vehicle storage battery, so that the solar power generation is supplied to the vehicle storage battery when charging is required. To control the power distribution. In addition, if the expected amount of photovoltaic power generation is greater than the expected amount of charging, the distribution of power is controlled so that surplus power is supplied to the residential load, and the estimated amount of photovoltaic power generation is When the power amount is larger than the power amount, the power distribution is controlled so that the surplus power is supplied to the residential storage battery, and the power distribution is controlled so that the power is sold when there is surplus power.
Thereby, it is supposed that the storage battery mounted in a motor vehicle can be reliably charged with the generated electric power of the solar battery.

JP 2012-120419 A JP 2010-268576 A

Patent Document 1 does not show a charging method when the storage battery is used outside the facility. When moving to the outside of a facility equipped with a charge / discharge mechanism such as the use of electricity in an electric vehicle and using a storage battery, it is necessary to charge in advance so as not to cause a shortage of electricity.
Moreover, in patent document 2, it is necessary to comprise both the vehicle storage battery and the housing storage battery. From the viewpoint of facility cost reduction, it is desired that the system can be operated with one storage battery. Therefore, it is desired that a shortage of electricity can be avoided in the use of the storage battery outside the facility while supplying power to the power load in the facility to be supplied with power by one storage battery.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and its purpose is to supply power to a power load in a facility to which power is supplied with a single storage battery, while lacking electricity in using the storage battery outside the facility. It is in providing the storage battery and vehicle which can avoid this.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a power management device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a power management device that manages power in a facility including a natural energy power generation device, a power load, and a storage battery. A management device, which is a scheduled start time to start use of the storage battery outside the facility, a scheduled start time outside the facility which is a scheduled time to end the use, and a planned end time to use the storage battery. An out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit that acquires an out-of-facility use power amount prediction that is a prediction of the required power amount, a power consumption prediction acquisition unit that acquires a prediction of power consumption of the power load, and Based on the generated power prediction acquisition unit that acquires the predicted power generated by the natural energy power generation device, the out-of-facility use schedule, the predicted power consumption, and the predicted generated power A storage amount prediction calculation unit that calculates the storage amount of the battery, and externally supplied power in a time zone in which the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the storage amount obtained at each time is the predetermined maximum storage amount A maximum storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging of the storage battery using the battery, and the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility that is the storage amount of the storage battery at the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum storage amount As described above, the storage capacity adjustment unit for use outside the facility that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery and a charge / discharge control unit that controls charging / discharging of the storage battery based on the obtained plan are provided.

  A power management apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management apparatus described above, wherein the off-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit includes the off-facility use power storage amount and the stored power amount minimum value. If the adjustment necessity determination unit and the adjustment necessity determination unit determine that adjustment is necessary, the out-of-facility use scheduled end time indicates that the storage battery has the maximum amount of storage. When the front / rear determination unit determines that the scheduled use end time outside the facility is earlier than the time when the storage amount of the storage battery is maximized, the external power supply is determined. When the front / rear determination unit determines that the planned charging end time of the storage battery used and the scheduled end time of use outside the facility are after the time when the storage amount of the storage battery is maximum, the discharge of the storage battery Discharge suppression planning department planning to control , Characterized by including the.

  Moreover, the power management apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management apparatus described above, wherein the charging planning unit is configured to be external in a time zone that goes back in time with the scheduled use start time outside the facility as a charge end time. It is planned to continue charging the storage battery using the supplied power, and the time width of the time zone is set to a time width in which the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum value of the storage amount. To do.

  Moreover, the power management apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management apparatus described above, wherein the charge planning unit is external in a time zone in which a start time of a charge / discharge plan target time zone is a charge start time. It is planned to continue charging the storage battery using the supplied power, and the time width of the time zone is set to a time width in which the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum value of the storage amount. To do.

  Moreover, the power management apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention is the power management apparatus described above, wherein the charge / discharge control unit is configured to perform a time period from the scheduled use start time outside the facility to the scheduled use end time outside the facility. When the state in which the storage battery is connected is detected, the storage battery is charged using externally supplied power.

  Moreover, the charging / discharging planning apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention is a charging / discharging planning apparatus that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery in a facility including a natural energy power generation apparatus, a power load, and a storage battery. It is a prediction of an out-of-facility use start time that is a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, an out-of-facility use end scheduled time that is a scheduled time to end the use, and an amount of power required for the use. An out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit that acquires an out-of-facility use power amount prediction, a power consumption prediction acquisition unit that acquires a prediction of power consumption of the power load, and generated power of the natural energy power generation device A power storage that calculates the amount of power stored in the storage battery for each time based on the generated power prediction acquisition unit that acquires the prediction of the power generation, the out-of-facility use schedule, the power consumption prediction, and the power generation power prediction Predictive calculation unit and charging the storage battery using externally supplied power in a time zone where the power rate is relatively inexpensive so that the maximum value of the obtained amount of electricity at each time is the predetermined maximum amount of electricity stored Planning to charge and discharge the storage battery so that the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility, which is the storage amount of the storage battery at the scheduled end time for use outside the facility, is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum storage amount. And an electricity storage amount adjusting unit for use outside the facility.

  Moreover, the charging / discharging planning method by the other aspect of this invention is the charging / discharging planning method of the charging / discharging planning apparatus which plans charging / discharging of the said storage battery in the facility which comprises a natural energy power generation device, an electric power load, and a storage battery. The off-facility use scheduled time that is the scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, the off-facility use scheduled end time that is the scheduled time to end the use, and the power required for the use An out-of-facility use schedule acquisition step that includes an out-of-facility use power amount prediction that is a prediction of the amount; a power consumption prediction acquisition step that acquires a prediction of power consumption of the power load; and the natural energy Based on the generated power prediction acquisition step for acquiring the generated power prediction of the power generation device, the out-of-facility use schedule, the predicted power consumption, and the predicted generated power, for each time A storage amount prediction calculation step for calculating a storage amount of the storage battery, and an external supply in a time zone in which the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the storage amount obtained at each time is a predetermined maximum storage amount A maximum storage amount adjustment step for planning charging of the storage battery using electric power, and the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility, which is the storage amount of the storage battery at the scheduled end time for use outside the facility, is greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum storage amount And a storage amount adjustment step for use outside the facility that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a program stored in a computer as a charge / discharge planning device that plans charge / discharge of the storage battery in a facility including a natural energy power generation device, a power load, and a storage battery. The off-facility use scheduled start time that is the scheduled start time of use outside the facility, the off-facility use scheduled end time that is the scheduled time to end the use, and the out-of-facility that is the prediction of the amount of power required for the use An out-of-facility use schedule acquisition step that includes an out-of-facility use schedule including a power consumption prediction; a power consumption prediction acquisition step that acquires a prediction of power consumption of the power load; and a prediction of generated power of the natural energy power generation apparatus Based on the generated power prediction acquisition step, the out-of-facility use schedule, the predicted power consumption, and the predicted generated power. A power storage amount prediction calculation step for calculating a storage amount of the battery, and an externally supplied power in a time zone where the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the storage amount obtained at each time is the predetermined maximum storage amount. The maximum storage amount adjustment step for planning the charging of the storage battery using the battery, and the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility, which is the storage amount of the storage battery at the scheduled end time for use outside the facility, is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum storage amount. Thus, it is a program for executing the storage amount adjustment step for use outside the facility that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery.

  A storage battery according to another aspect of the present invention is a storage battery that is controlled by a power management apparatus that manages power in a facility including a natural energy power generation apparatus, a power load, and a storage battery. The apparatus includes a scheduled off-site use start time that is a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a planned off-site use end time that is a scheduled time to end the use, and an amount of power required for the use. Based on the out-of-facility use schedule including prediction of out-of-facility power consumption, which is a prediction, prediction of power consumption of the power load, and prediction of generated power of the natural energy power generation device, the storage amount of the storage battery for each time And an external power supply in a time zone where the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the storage amount obtained at each time is the predetermined maximum storage amount. A maximum storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging of the storage battery using the battery, and the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility that is the storage amount of the storage battery at the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum storage amount A storage capacity adjustment unit for use outside the facility that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery, and a charge / discharge control unit that controls charging / discharging of the storage battery based on the obtained plan. Charging is performed when charging is performed with a constant power including externally supplied power, a standby mode in which neither charging nor discharging is performed, and when the generated power of the natural energy power generation device is greater than the power consumption of the power load. The power management device sets any one of the charging mode, the standby mode, and the auto mode of the storage battery every time.

  A storage battery according to another aspect of the present invention is a storage battery that is included in a facility including a natural energy power generation device and a power load, and that is planned to be charged / discharged by a charge / discharge planning device that plans charge / discharge. The charging / discharging planning device is configured to start use of the storage battery outside the facility, which is scheduled to start use outside the facility, and is scheduled to end use. Based on the out-of-facility use schedule including the out-of-facility power consumption prediction, which is a prediction of the amount of power required for the power generation, the prediction of the power consumption of the power load, and the prediction of the generated power of the natural energy power generation device A storage amount prediction calculation unit for calculating a storage amount of the storage battery, and an external supply in a time zone where the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the storage amount obtained at each time is a predetermined maximum storage amount. A maximum storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging of the storage battery using electric power, and the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility that is the storage amount of the storage battery at the scheduled end time of use outside the facility is greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum storage amount And a storage mode adjustment unit for use outside the facility that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery so that the storage battery is forcibly charged with constant power including the externally supplied power, and charging. And a standby mode in which neither discharge is performed, and an auto mode in which charging is performed when the generated power of the natural energy power generation device is larger than the power consumption of the power load. The charging mode, the standby mode, and the auto mode are set to any one of.

  A vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention is a vehicle equipped with the above-described storage battery.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, lack of electricity can be avoided in the use outside a facility of a storage battery, supplying electric power to the power load in the facility to which power is supplied with one storage battery.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the plant | facility provided with the power management apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the function structure of the power management apparatus in the embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of the prediction of the power consumption of the power load which a power consumption prediction acquisition part acquires in the same embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of prediction of the generated electric power of the natural energy power generation device which the generated electric power prediction acquisition part acquires in the embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of the demand-and-supply prediction which a storage amount prediction calculation part calculates in the embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of the electrical storage amount of the storage battery which an electrical storage amount prediction calculation part calculates in the embodiment. 5 is a graph showing an example in which charging in an inexpensive period is planned by the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit so that the maximum peak power storage amount becomes the maximum power storage amount SOCmax in the embodiment. In the same embodiment, it is a graph which shows the example which a charge plan part secures the electrical storage amount by charge in a cheap period. In the same embodiment, it is a graph which shows the example which the charge plan part planned to charge a storage battery in the time zone immediately before use outside a facility of a storage battery. In the embodiment, the discharge suppression planning unit is a graph showing an example of securing a storage amount necessary for use outside the facility by suppressing discharge of the storage battery. In the same embodiment, it is a graph which shows the example which the discharge suppression plan part planned charging of the storage battery using external supply electric power. In the embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which a power management apparatus produces | generates the charging / discharging plan of a storage battery. 5 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a process in which the storage amount adjustment unit during off-facility use secures a storage amount necessary for use of the storage battery outside the facility in the embodiment. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the raising process which the storage amount adjustment part at the time of use outside a facility performs. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure in which a charge plan part performs a peak pre-processing. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure in which a charge plan part performs the peak pre-processing in a cheap period. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure in which a charge plan part performs the peak pre-processing in an expensive period. In the same embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the procedure in which a discharge suppression plan part performs a peak post-process. It is a graph which shows the example of the schedule which considers discharge prohibition until just after the maximum peak in the same embodiment. 4 is a graph showing an example of a schedule in which no change is made from the process start time to the vehicle use start SOC in the same embodiment, and the discharge prohibition is considered thereafter.

<First Embodiment>
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of a facility including a power management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a facility 1 includes a power management apparatus 100, a vehicle 200 on which a storage battery 201 is mounted, a natural energy power generation apparatus 300, and a power load 400.

The power management apparatus 100 manages the power generated or consumed in the facility. The power management apparatus 100 is connected to a network 500 and receives information such as a weather forecast via the network 500. The power management apparatus 100 corresponds to an example of a charge / discharge planning apparatus, and plans charge / discharge of the storage battery 201 during power management.
The power management apparatus 100 performs power management for the purpose of improving the power self-sufficiency rate by the natural energy power generation apparatus 300. If solar power generation etc. becomes widespread and reverse power flow increases, it may be impossible to sell power to the commercial power system, or the selling price may be lower than the buying price. In such a case, it is desired to improve the power self-sufficiency rate by the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 and reduce the amount of power purchased.

The vehicle 200 travels using electric power supplied from the storage battery 201 to be mounted. Further, when the vehicle 200 is stopped in the facility, the power management apparatus 100 controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 201.
However, the traveling of the vehicle 200 by the power supplied from the storage battery 201 is an example of the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility, and is not limited thereto. Here, the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility is the use of the storage battery 201 in a state separated from the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 and the power load 400. For example, as in the case of switching the system that uses the storage battery 201, the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility may be a use that does not involve the movement of the storage battery 201.
The natural energy power generation apparatus 300 generates power using natural energy such as sunlight or wind power.
The electric power load 400 is a general term for electric devices provided in a facility, and is operated by electric power supplied by the storage battery 201, electric power supplied by the natural energy power generation apparatus 300, or externally supplied electric power such as system power.

Here, the usage fee of the power (externally supplied power) supplied from the outside by the facility 1 varies depending on the time of receiving the power supply. For example, in the time zone from 11:00 pm to 7:00 am, the usage fee of the externally supplied power is lower than the time zone from 7:00 am to 11:00 pm.
Therefore, the power management apparatus 100 performs charging (charging in a charging mode described later) of the storage battery 201 using externally supplied power during a time period (inexpensive period) from 11:00 pm to 7:00 am, and 7:00 am To 11 pm (expensive period), the power load 400 is operated by the power supplied by the storage battery 201. Therefore, the power management apparatus 100 controls the capacity of the storage battery 201 so that the power load 400 can be operated by the power supplied by the storage battery 201 during the expensive period.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the power management apparatus 100. In the figure, the power management apparatus 100 includes an out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110, a power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120, a generated power prediction acquisition unit 130, a storage amount prediction calculation unit 140, and a maximum storage amount adjustment unit 150. In addition, a storage amount adjustment unit 160 for use outside the facility and a charge / discharge control unit 170 are provided. The out-of-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 includes an adjustment necessity determination unit 161, a front-rear determination unit 162, a charge plan unit 163, and a discharge suppression plan unit 164.

  Hereinafter, a case will be described as an example where the power management apparatus 100 generates a charge / discharge plan for one day from 11:00 pm, which is the start time of the inexpensive period, to 11:00 pm the next day. By making a plan from the start time of the low-cost period to the start time of the next low-cost period in this way, it is relatively easy to generate a plan that charges as much as possible during the low-cost period and reduces charging during the high-cost period.

  Moreover, below, although the case where the power management apparatus 100 produces | generates the charging / discharging plan for every minute is demonstrated to an example, it is not restricted to this. For example, the power management apparatus 100 may generate a charge / discharge plan at a longer time interval such as every 5 minutes, or may generate a charge / discharge plan at a shorter time interval such as every 30 seconds. Also good.

The out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 includes an out-of-facility use start scheduled time that is a scheduled time to start using the storage battery 201 outside the facility 1, and an out-of-facility use scheduled end time that is a scheduled time to end the use An out-of-facility use schedule including an out-of-facility power consumption prediction that is a prediction of the amount of power required for the use is acquired.
For example, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 receives an input of a use schedule of the vehicle 200 from a user of the power management apparatus 100 (hereinafter simply referred to as “user”).

In this case, the input of the use schedule of the vehicle 200 is in principle performed by the user for each use schedule by the day before the date on which the use schedule is scheduled. By guessing the use schedule, the input of some information is omitted.
Specifically, when the purpose of use of the vehicle 200 is regular use such as commuting, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 inputs the scheduled use start time, driving distance, use time, and repetitive pattern from the user for the first time. And record this information in the internal database. For example, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 receives inputs such as scheduled use start time = 7: 00 am, driving distance = 30 km (km), use time = 10 hours, and repeat pattern = weekly from Monday to Friday.
Then, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 sets the same use schedule as the use schedule for each repetition pattern. Therefore, the user can omit the second and subsequent inputs.

In addition, when the purpose of use of the vehicle 200 is high-frequency irregular use such as shopping, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 accepts the input of the driving distance and use time from the user for the first time, and this information is stored in an internal database. Record. For example, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 receives inputs such as scheduled use start time = 10 am, driving distance = 10 km, use time = 2 hours.
In the second and subsequent inputs, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 accepts only the scheduled use time from the user, and the remaining parameters are the same as the use schedule. This is because when the vehicle 200 is used for shopping or the like, it is estimated that the destination and the time required for shopping are not substantially changed.
When the purpose of use of the vehicle 200 is single use, it is difficult to predict the use schedule, so the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 receives the input of the use schedule every time. For example, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 receives inputs such as a scheduled use start time = 8: 00 am, a driving distance = 200 km, and a use time = 48 hours.

  The power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 acquires the power consumption prediction of the power load 400. For example, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 plans the target period in which the power management apparatus 100 generates a charge / discharge plan based on the weather forecast acquired via the network 500, the operation history of the past power load 400, and the like. The power consumption of the power load 400 at each generation time (hereinafter simply referred to as “every time”) is predicted. For example, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 predicts the power consumption per minute of the power load 400 for the period from 23:00 to 23:00. Alternatively, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 may acquire a prediction from the outside of the power management apparatus 100 such as a control unit of the power load 400.

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating an example of prediction of power consumption of the power load 400 acquired by the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates power consumption of the power load 400. The time “−2” indicates 10:00 PM of the previous day.
In FIG. 3, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 predicts the power consumption of the power load 400 from 23:00, which is the start time of the inexpensive period, to the next 23:00.

  The generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 acquires the prediction of the generated power of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300. For example, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 generates power for each time of the natural energy power generation device 300 for a target period in which the power management device 100 generates a charge / discharge plan based on a weather forecast acquired via the network 500. Predict. Alternatively, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 may acquire a prediction from the outside of the power management apparatus 100 such as a control unit of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300.

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating an example of prediction of generated power of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 acquired by the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates power consumption of the power load 400.
In FIG. 4, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 predicts the power consumption of the power load 400 from 23:00, which is the start time of the inexpensive period, to the next 23:00. The power generation amount of the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 is large at the time of daytime when sunlight is irradiated.

  The storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 calculates the storage amount of the storage battery 201 at each time based on the out-of-facility use schedule, the power consumption prediction, and the generated power prediction. Specifically, the power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 first subtracts the predicted power consumption value of the power load 400 and the predicted power consumption value of the vehicle 200 from the predicted power generation value of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300, Calculate supply and demand forecast for each time. Then, the storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 calculates the storage amount of the storage battery 201 for each time when charging using the externally supplied power is not performed by integrating the obtained supply and demand prediction.

FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating an example of supply and demand prediction calculated by the storage amount prediction calculation unit 140. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates power supply and demand. The upper side of the figure shows the supply side viewed from the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 and the power load 400, and the lower side shows the demand side viewed from the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 and the power load 400.
The times indicated by M11 to M13 in the same figure are the times when the vehicle 200 is scheduled to be used, and the power consumption assumed for the purpose of use is set. At other times, a value obtained by subtracting the power consumption of the power load 400 from the power generated by the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 is set.

When the supply and demand prediction is obtained, the electricity storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 integrates the obtained supply and demand prediction and calculates the electricity storage amount of the storage battery 201 at each time when charging using the external supply power is not performed. . Specifically, the power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 acquires the power storage amount at the start time of the plan generation target time (hereinafter simply referred to as “start time”), and the power value obtained by the supply and demand prediction for the power storage amount Are sequentially integrated at each time to calculate the amount of stored electricity at each time.
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating an example of the storage amount of the storage battery 201 calculated by the storage amount prediction calculation unit 140.
In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the storage amount (SOC) of the storage battery 201. In addition, SOCmax of the figure shows the maximum power storage amount permitted in the operation of the storage battery 201, and SOCmin indicates the minimum power storage amount allowed in the operation of the storage battery 201. In the example of FIG. 6, the storage amount of the storage battery 201 is equal to or less than the minimum storage amount SOCmin in the time zone from about 8:00 to about 11:00. This is because the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 has not yet been adjusted at this stage.

  Maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 has a relatively low power charge so that the maximum value (hereinafter referred to as “maximum peak power storage amount”) of the power storage amount obtained at each time becomes predetermined power storage amount maximum value SOCmax. The charging of the storage battery 201 is planned using the externally supplied power in a special time zone. Specifically, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 first detects a time when the power storage amount of the storage battery 201 is maximum (hereinafter referred to as “maximum peak time”). In the example of FIG. 6, the amount of power storage is the maximum at a time before 16:00.

  Next, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans charging in a cheap period so that the maximum peak value of the storage battery 201 becomes the maximum power storage amount SOCmax. That is, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans to charge the generated power of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 in the cheapest possible period as long as it can be stored. Thereby, the charge amount in an expensive period can be reduced. Note that the adjustment so that the maximum peak value of the storage battery 201 becomes the maximum storage amount SOCmax is referred to as “peak alignment”.

  FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example in which the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans charging in a cheap period so that the maximum peak power storage amount becomes the maximum power storage amount SOCmax. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201 (hereinafter also simply referred to as “SOC”). The maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans to charge in the inexpensive period at time T11 before 7 o'clock, which is the end time of the inexpensive period, and the SOC is increasing. As the SOC increases, the maximum peak charged amount indicated by the point P11 becomes the maximum charged amount SOCmax.

  For example, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 determines to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power until 7:00, which is the end time of the inexpensive period, and the maximum peak power storage amount is the maximum power storage amount SOCmax. Set to be. As a result, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 plans to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power at the end of the inexpensive period, as in the example of FIG. By delaying the charging time, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 can reduce the charge amount when the power consumption of the power load 400 is less than expected. Therefore, the power management apparatus 100 can avoid unnecessary charging.

The storage capacity adjustment unit 160 for use outside the facility is configured so that the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility, which is the storage amount (SOC) of the storage battery 201 at the scheduled end time for use outside the facility, is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum charge amount SOCmin. Plan for charging and discharging.
Here, when the SOC of the storage battery 201 is smaller than the minimum storage amount SOCmin at the scheduled end time of use outside the facility, it is predicted that electricity is insufficient for use outside the facility. Unlike the use of electricity inside the facility 1, it is conceivable that external supply power such as commercial power cannot be acquired when used outside the facility. For this reason, the shortage of electricity in use outside the facility may cause a great inconvenience. For example, if electricity is insufficient while the vehicle 200 is traveling, the vehicle 200 cannot travel and cannot return to the facility 1.
Therefore, the storage capacity adjustment unit 160 when used outside the facility plans to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power before using the facility outside the facility so as to secure electricity necessary for use outside the facility.

Here, the storage battery 201 has three modes of a charging mode, a standby mode, and an auto mode, and the storage amount adjustment unit 160 for use outside the facility sets the mode of the storage battery 201 to any one for each time. To do.
The charging mode is a mode for forcibly charging with a constant power including externally supplied power. For example, when the surplus power generation of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 is 3 kilowatts (kW) and the storage battery 201 is charged with 5 kilowatts, 5 kilowatts is a combination of 3 kilowatts of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 and 2 kilowatts of externally supplied power. Then, the storage battery 201 is charged.

The standby mode is a mode in which neither charging nor discharging is performed.
In the auto mode, when there is surplus power (that is, when the generated power of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 is larger than the power consumption of the power load 400), charging is performed with the surplus power. For example, if the surplus power is 3 kilowatts, it is charged with 3 kilowatts, and if it is 1 kilowatt, it is charged with 1 kilowatt.
On the other hand, when the power is insufficient (that is, when the power generated by the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 is less than or equal to the power consumption of the power load 400), the storage battery 201 discharges.

  In relation to the use of the vehicle 200, when the vehicle 200 is in use (that is, the storage battery 201 is being used outside the facility) or is scheduled to be used, the off-facility use storage amount adjustment unit 160 sets the mode of the storage battery 201 to the standby mode. And On the other hand, when the vehicle 200 is not used (therefore, when the storage battery 201 and the power load 400 or the natural energy power generation device 300 can be connected), the charging mode is set if charging is necessary, and discharging is prohibited to secure the amount of storage. When doing so, the standby mode is set, and in other cases, the auto mode is set.

Further, when the power management apparatus 100 is used outside the facility at the time when the charge / discharge plan is generated, all the subsequent modes are set to the standby mode, and the plan is made again after the use outside the facility. That is, it is not possible to know when the use outside the facility will end, and even if a plan is generated, it may be wasted.
Also, at the end of use outside the facility, it is conceivable that the standby mode is once set, and the charge mode or the Aude mode is set after the amount of power storage is detected and the plan is generated again.

  In the out-of-facility power storage amount adjustment unit 160, the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines whether or not the storage amount needs to be adjusted by comparing the off-facility use end storage amount with the minimum stored amount SOCmin. Specifically, if the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is smaller than the minimum storage amount SOCmin, adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that adjustment is necessary. On the other hand, if the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum storage amount SOCmin, adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that adjustment is unnecessary.

When the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that the adjustment is necessary, the front-rear determination unit 162 determines whether or not the planned use end time outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time.
When the front / rear determination unit 162 determines that the scheduled use end time outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time, the charging plan unit 163 plans charging of the storage battery 201 using externally supplied power. When the out-of-facility use scheduled end time is earlier than the maximum peak time, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during out-of-facility use can be increased by increasing the amount of charge in the inexpensive period. By charging during an inexpensive period, the electricity bill can be reduced.
Therefore, the charging plan unit 163 secures a storage amount necessary for use outside the facility by charging the storage battery 201.

FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating an example in which the charging plan unit 163 secures the amount of stored electricity by charging during a low-cost period. FIG. 5A shows the power supply and demand and the SOC of the storage battery 201 before the charging planning unit 163 plans charging in a low-cost period. Specifically, a line L211 indicates power supply and demand, and a line L212 indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201.
In FIG. 5A, the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility indicated by point P21 is smaller than the minimum amount of charge SOCmin. Therefore, the charging plan unit 163 plans charging in a cheap period.

  FIG. 8B shows the power supply and demand and the SOC of the storage battery 201 after the charging planning unit 163 plans charging in a low-cost period. Specifically, a line L221 indicates power supply and demand, and a line L222 indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201. The charging plan unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power at time T21. As a result, the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P22 is equal to or greater than the storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of stored electricity necessary for use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility.

In addition, the charging plan unit 163 plans to continue charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in a time period that goes back with the scheduled start time outside the facility as the charging end time, and the time width of the time period Is a time width in which the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum amount of electricity stored.
That is, the charging plan unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 in a time zone immediately before the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility.

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example in which the charging plan unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 in a time zone immediately before the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility. This figure shows the power supply and demand after the planning of the charging plan unit 163 and the SOC of the storage battery 201. Specifically, a line L31 indicates power supply and demand, and a line L32 indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201. Charging plan unit 163 plans to charge storage battery 201 using externally supplied power at time T31. As a result, the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P31 is equal to or greater than the minimum storage amount SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of stored electricity necessary for use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility.

  The charging plan unit 163 is an example of FIG. 9 in the case where it is not possible to secure the amount of power storage necessary for use outside the facility only by charging during the inexpensive period, or when charging during an inexpensive period such as re-planning after the end of the inexpensive period cannot be performed. Thus, the storage battery 201 is planned to be charged in the time zone immediately before the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility. By delaying the charging time, the charging plan unit 163 can reduce the charging amount when the power consumption of the power load 400 is less than expected. Therefore, the power management apparatus 100 can avoid unnecessary charging.

The discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans suppression of discharge of the storage battery 201 when the front-rear determination unit 162 determines that the out-of-facility use scheduled end time is after the maximum peak time.
When the scheduled end time for use outside the facility is after the maximum peak time, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during use outside the facility cannot be increased even if the charge amount during the inexpensive period is increased. In this case, it is simpler to supply the external power supply to the power load 400 than to temporarily store the external power supply in the storage battery 201 and then supply it to the power load 400, and no loss due to charging / discharging occurs.
Therefore, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 secures the amount of electricity necessary for use outside the facility by suppressing the discharge of the storage battery 201.

FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating an example in which the discharge suppression planning unit 164 secures an amount of stored electricity necessary for use outside the facility by suppressing the discharge of the storage battery 201. FIG. 4A shows the power supply and demand and the SOC of the storage battery 201 before the discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses the discharge of the storage battery 201. Specifically, a line L411 indicates power supply and demand, and a line L412 indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201.
In FIG. 6A, the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility indicated by point P41 is smaller than the minimum amount of charge SOCmin. Therefore, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans to suppress the discharge of the storage battery 201.

  FIG. 10B shows the power supply and demand after the discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses the discharge of the storage battery 201 and the SOC of the storage battery 201. Specifically, a line L421 indicates power supply and demand, and a line L422 indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201. The discharge suppression planning unit 164 suppresses the discharge of the storage battery 201 at times T41 and T42. As a result, the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P42 is equal to or greater than the storage amount minimum value SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of stored electricity necessary for use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility.

In addition, when the amount of stored electricity necessary for use outside the facility cannot be secured even if the discharge of the storage battery 201 is suppressed, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans charging of the storage battery 201 using externally supplied power.
FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating an example in which the discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans charging of the storage battery 201 using externally supplied power. This figure shows the power supply and demand after the planning of the discharge suppression planning unit 164 and the SOC of the storage battery 201. Specifically, a line L51 indicates power supply and demand, and a line L52 indicates the SOC of the storage battery 201.
In the example of FIG. 11, even if the discharge of the storage battery 201 is suppressed for the entire time until the start of use outside the facility, the amount of electricity stored at the end of use outside the facility cannot be secured at 22:00. Therefore, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 plans to charge the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power at time T51. As a result, the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility indicated by the point P51 is equal to or greater than the minimum storage amount SOCmin. Therefore, it is possible to secure the amount of stored electricity necessary for use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility.

  The charging / discharging control unit 170 controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 201 based on the plan obtained by the storage amount adjustment unit 160 when used outside the facility. Specifically, the charge / discharge control unit 170 switches the mode of the storage battery 201 described above according to the plan.

Next, the operation of the power management apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure in which the power management apparatus 100 generates a charge / discharge plan for the storage battery 201. The power management apparatus 100 performs the process shown in FIG. 5 before the start time of the inexpensive period, and generates a charge / discharge plan from the start time of the inexpensive period to the start time of the next inexpensive period.
Further, when the actual amount of stored electricity deviates from the plan, the power management apparatus 100 performs the process of the same figure and reschedules the charge / discharge of the storage battery 201.

In the process of FIG. 12, first, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 predicts the generated power of the natural energy power generation device 300 at each time in the planning target period (step S <b> 111). Alternatively, the generated power prediction acquisition unit 130 may acquire a prediction of generated power from another device.
In addition, the power consumption prediction acquisition unit 120 predicts the power consumption of the power load 400 at each time in the planning target period (step S112). Or you may make it the power consumption prediction acquisition part 120 acquire the prediction of power consumption from another apparatus.
Further, the out-of-facility use schedule acquisition unit 110 acquires the use schedule of the vehicle 200 and calculates the planned use power of the vehicle 200 (step S113).

  Next, the power storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 calculates each of the period to be planned based on the prediction of the generated power of the natural energy power generation apparatus 300, the prediction of the power consumption of the power load 400, and the planned power usage of the vehicle 200. The power supply / demand prediction at the time is calculated (step S114). Then, the storage amount prediction calculation unit 140 calculates the storage amount prediction of the storage battery 201 in the case where the charging using the external supply power is not performed for each time in the planning target period based on the obtained power supply and demand prediction. (Step S115).

Next, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 performs peak matching that matches the maximum value of the power storage amount of the storage battery 201 with the maximum power storage amount SOCmax (step S116).
Then, the storage amount adjustment unit 160 at the time of use outside the facility is used to secure the storage amount necessary for the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility (in this embodiment, the use of the storage battery 201 by the vehicle 200). Is set to be equal to or greater than the minimum charged amount SOCmin (step S117).
Then, the process of FIG. 12 is complete | finished and the charging / discharging control part 170 controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 201 according to the obtained plan.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a process in which the storage amount adjustment unit 160 for use outside the facility secures a storage amount necessary for the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility. The out-of-facility use storage amount adjustment unit 160 performs the process of FIG. 13 in step S117 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 13, the out-of-facility use storage amount adjustment unit 160 first starts a loop L11 for performing the process for each scheduled use of the vehicle 200 (step S121).

Then, regarding the vehicle use that is subject to processing in the loop L11, the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines that the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility (in this embodiment, the SOC at the end of use of the vehicle 200) is the minimum storage amount. It is determined whether it is smaller than SOCmin (step S122).
When it is determined that the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is smaller than the minimum storage amount SOCmin (step S122: YES), the storage amount adjustment unit 160 at the time of use outside the facility changes the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility to the minimum storage amount SOCmin. The raising process is performed as described above (step S123).

Then, the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L11 has been completed for all vehicle usages within the planning target period, and transitions according to the determination result (step S124). If it is determined that there is an unprocessed vehicle use, the process returns to step S121, and the process of loop L11 is performed for the remaining vehicle use. On the other hand, if it is determined that the process has been completed for all vehicle uses, the process of FIG. 13 is terminated.
On the other hand, when it is determined in step S122 that the stored electricity amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the stored electricity amount minimum value SOCmin (step S122: NO), the process proceeds to step S124.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating the procedure of the raising process performed by the storage amount adjustment unit 160 when used outside the facility. The outside-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 performs the process of FIG. 14 in step S123 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 14, first, the front-rear determination unit 162 determines whether the out-of-facility use end scheduled time (vehicle use end time in the present embodiment) is earlier (smaller) than the maximum peak time (step S131).

When it is determined that the out-of-facility use scheduled end time is earlier than the maximum peak time (step S131: YES), the charging plan unit 163 is the pre-peak which is a raising process when the out-of-facility use scheduled end time is earlier than the maximum peak time. Processing is performed (step S132).
Thereafter, the processing in FIG. 14 is terminated.
On the other hand, when it is determined in step S131 that the planned out-of-facility end time is not earlier than the maximum peak time (step S131: NO), the discharge suppression planning unit 164 has the out-of-facility use end scheduled time not earlier than the maximum peak time. The peak post-processing, which is a case raising process, is performed (step S133).
Thereafter, the processing in FIG. 14 is terminated.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure in which the charge planning unit 163 performs pre-peak processing.
The charge planning unit 163 performs the process of FIG. 15 in step S132 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 15, the charge planning unit 163 first performs an uplift process for charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in the inexpensive period as a pre-peak process in the inexpensive period (step S <b> 141).

Then, the adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines whether or not the raising amount is insufficient (step S142). Specifically, adjustment necessity determination unit 161 determines whether or not the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is smaller than the minimum storage amount SOCmin, as in step S122 of FIG.
When it determines with the amount of raising being insufficient (step S142: YES), the charge plan part 163 carries out the raising of charging the storage battery 201 using external supply power in an expensive period as a peak pre-processing in an expensive period. Processing is performed (step S143).
Thereafter, the processing of FIG. 15 is terminated.
On the other hand, if it is determined in step S142 that the amount of raising is sufficient (step S142: NO), the processing in FIG. 15 is terminated.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure in which the charge planning unit 163 performs the pre-peak processing in the inexpensive period. The charge planning unit 163 performs the process of FIG. 16 in step S141 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 16, the charging plan unit 163 first subtracts the target lifting amount from the minimum storage amount SOCmin to the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility (SOC at the end of vehicle use in this embodiment). Setting is made (step S151). That is, the charging plan unit 163 sets the target of the increase to the increase in the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility being equal to or greater than the minimum storage amount SOCmin.
Next, the charging plan unit 163 sets the required lifting amount to the target lifting amount set in step S151 (step S152). The required amount of increase here is the remaining amount of increase that needs to be obtained by charging in the reverse calculation of the SOC in loop L16, which will be described later.

Next, the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not there is a period during which additional charging can be performed during the inexpensive period (step S153). If it is determined that there is no additional chargeable period during the low-cost period (step S153: NO), the process of FIG. 16 ends.
On the other hand, when it is determined that there is a period during which the additional charging can be performed during the low cost period (step S153: YES), the charging planning unit 163 performs one minute each from the end time of the additional charging possible period to the start time of the additional charging possible period. A loop L16 for performing the process in reverse (ie, every time) is started (step S161). In the loop L16, the charging plan unit 163 sets the storage battery 201 to the charging mode within the additional chargeable period to increase the amount of stored electricity.

  Specifically, the charge planning unit 163 first sets the SOC of the storage battery 201 at the time (minute) to be processed in the loop L16 to a value obtained by subtracting the charge amount per minute from the SOC value at the next time. (Step S162). That is, the charging plan unit 163 back-calculates the SOC at the previous time from the SOC after one minute with the mode of the storage battery 201 as the charging mode.

Next, the charging plan unit 163 sets the required amount of increase in the SOC change amount (step S163). That is, the charging plan unit 163 subtracts the increase in SOC due to charging at the processing target time from the required increase amount.
Then, the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not the necessary raising amount has become 0 or less (step S164). If it is determined that the value is 0 or less (step S164: YES), the necessary amount of raising is obtained, so the process goes through the loop L16 and proceeds to step S171 described later.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S164 that the required lifting amount is greater than 0 (step S164: NO), the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L16 has been completed for all the processing targets. Then, the transition is made according to the determination result (step S165).
When it is determined that the process has been completed for all the minutes, the process of the loop L16 is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S161, and the processing of the loop L16 is continued for the unprocessed portion.

When the loop L16 is terminated in step S165, the charging plan unit 163 performs a process of a loop L17 in which the process is sequentially performed every minute from the addable charge end time to the process end time (step S171). In the loop L17, the amount of increase obtained in the process of the loop L16 is reflected in the SOC after the addable charge end time.
Specifically, the charging plan unit 163 adds (target raising amount−necessary raising amount) to the SOC at the time to be processed in the loop L17 (step S172). This target raising amount-necessary raising amount is a raising amount obtained by additional charging.

Then, the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L17 has been completed for all the processing targets, and transitions according to the determination result (step S173). When it is determined that the process has been completed for all the minutes, the process of the loop L17 is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed part, the process returns to step S171, and the process of the loop L17 is continued for the unprocessed part.
After completing the loop L17 in step S173, the processing in FIG. 16 is terminated.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure in which the charge planning unit 163 performs pre-peak processing during an expensive period. The charge planning unit 163 performs the process of FIG. 17 in step S143 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 17, the charging plan unit 163 first sets the increase amount to a value obtained by subtracting the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility (SOC at the end of vehicle use in this embodiment) from the minimum storage amount SOCmin. (Step S201). In other words, charging plan unit 163 determines to increase the amount of stored electricity at the end of use outside the facility to be equal to or greater than the stored value minimum value SOCmin.

Next, the charging plan unit 163 adds the amount of increase to the SOC of the storage battery 201 at the start of vehicle use (step S202).
Then, the charging plan unit 163 starts a loop L21 that reverses the process from the vehicle use start time to the start time of the planning target time by 1 minute (that is, every time) (step S211). . In the loop L21, the charging planning unit 163 performs a reverse calculation from the necessary storage amount set at the vehicle use start time, and sets the storage battery 201 in the charging mode until the required storage amount matches the storage amount of the storage battery 201.

  Specifically, the charging plan unit 163 first determines whether or not the vehicle 200 is in use or charging the storage battery 201 (step S212). When it is determined that the vehicle 200 is not being used or the storage battery 201 is not being charged (step S212: NO), the charging plan unit 163 determines the SOC of the storage battery 201 at the processing time (minutes) of the loop L21 at the next time. A value obtained by subtracting the charge amount per minute from the SOC value at (step S221). That is, the charging plan unit 163 back-calculates the SOC at the previous time from the SOC after one minute with the mode of the storage battery 201 as the charging mode.

Next, the charging plan unit 163 sets the required amount of increase to the SOC change amount (step S222). The necessary amount of increase here is the remaining amount of increase that needs to be obtained by charging in the reverse calculation of the SOC in the loop L21.
Then, the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not the necessary raising amount has become 0 or less (step S223). If it is determined that the value has become 0 or less (step S223: YES), the necessary amount of lifting is obtained, so the process exits the loop L21 and proceeds to step S261 described later.

On the other hand, when it is determined in step S223 that the required raising amount is greater than 0 (step S223: NO), the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L21 has been completed for all the processing targets. Then, the transition is made according to the determination result (step S241).
When it is determined that the processing has been completed for all the minutes, the processing of the loop L21 is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed portion, the process returns to step S211 to continue the processing of the loop L21 for the unprocessed portion.
If it is determined in step S212 that the vehicle 200 is being used or the storage battery 201 is being charged (step S212: YES), the storage battery 201 cannot be newly charged in any case, so in the loop L21. The required increase amount is added to the SOC at the processing time (step S231). Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S241.

When the loop L21 is terminated in step S241, the charging plan unit 163 performs the process of the loop L22 in which the process is sequentially performed every minute from the process start time to the vehicle use start time (step S251). In the processing of the loop L21, since an unobtained raising amount remains, the value is subtracted from each time value calculated in the loop L21.
Specifically, the charging plan unit 163 subtracts the necessary raising amount (that is, the raising amount that has not been obtained) from the SOC at the time that is the processing target in the loop L22 (step S252).
Then, the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L22 has been completed for all processing targets, and transitions according to the determination result (step S253). When it is determined that the processing has been completed for all the minutes, the processing of the loop L22 is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed part, the process returns to step S251, and the process of the loop L22 is continued for the unprocessed part.

When the loop L22 is terminated in step S253, the charging plan unit 163 performs the process of the loop L23 in which the process is sequentially performed every minute from the vehicle use start time to the process end time (step S261). In the processing of the loop L21, the obtained amount of raising is also reflected in the SOC after the vehicle use start time.
Specifically, the charging plan unit 163 adds (lifting amount−necessary raising amount) to the SOC at the time to be processed in the loop L23 (step S262).

Then, the charging plan unit 163 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L23 has been completed for all the processing targets, and transitions according to the determination result (step S263). When it is determined that the process has been completed for all the minutes, the process of the loop L23 is terminated. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed part, the process returns to step S261, and the process of the loop L23 is continued for the unprocessed part.
After completing the loop L23 in step S263, the processing in FIG. 17 is terminated.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure in which the discharge suppression planning unit 164 performs post-peak processing. The discharge suppression planning unit 164 performs the process of FIG. 18 in step S133 of FIG.
In the process of FIG. 18, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 first generates a schedule that considers discharge inhibition until immediately after the maximum peak (step S301). The process which the discharge suppression plan part 164 performs in step S301 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing an example of a schedule that considers discharge inhibition until just after the maximum peak. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates SOC.
A line L61 shows an example of change in the SOC of the storage battery 201 according to the schedule before considering discharge prohibition. In the example of the line L61, the SOC is the maximum peak charged amount V61 at time T61. The use of the vehicle 200 is scheduled from time T62 to T63 and from time T64 to T65. Since the storage amount at the end of the last vehicle use (time T65) before the processing end time (23:00) is smaller than the minimum storage amount SOCmin, the power may be insufficient when the vehicle is used with this schedule. is expected.

On the other hand, line L62 indicates an example of change in the SOC of storage battery 201 according to a schedule that considers discharge prohibition by matching the charged amount at the end of last vehicle use (time T65) before the processing end time to the charged amount minimum value SOCmin. Show. In the example of the line L62, discharge at times other than when the vehicle is used is prohibited in the time zone from the maximum peak time (time T61) to the last vehicle use end time (time T65) before the processing end time. Specifically, discharge from time T61 to T62 and from time T63 to T64 is prohibited.
As described above, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 prohibits discharge at times other than when the vehicle is used in the time zone from the maximum peak time to the end of the last vehicle use (time T65) before the processing end time. Generate a schedule.

In the example of FIG. 19, the storage amount V62 at the start of first vehicle use after the maximum peak (time T62) when discharge prohibition is considered is equal to or less than the maximum peak storage amount V61 before discharge prohibition. This indicates that if discharging is prohibited, power shortage during use of the vehicle can be avoided without newly charging.
On the other hand, if the amount of electricity stored at the beginning of vehicle use for the first time after the maximum peak is greater than the maximum peak amount of electricity before discharge prohibition when discharge prohibition is considered, avoid power shortage when using the vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to plan a new charge / discharge.

Returning to FIG. 18, after step S <b> 301, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 determines whether or not the SOC at the start of vehicle use is larger than the peak SOC (maximum peak power storage amount) (step S <b> 302).
When it is determined that the SOC at the start of vehicle use is larger than the SOC at the peak time (step S302: YES), that is, when a new charge is required, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 starts the use of the vehicle. A value obtained by subtracting the peak SOC from the hour SOC is set (step S311).
Then, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 starts a loop L31 that performs processing by going backward by 1 minute from the vehicle use start time to the peak time (step S321).

The processes in steps S322, S331 to S333, S341, and S342 are the same as the processes in steps S212, S221 to S223, S231, and S241 in FIG.
When the loop L31 is ended in step S342, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 performs the process of the loop L32 that sequentially performs processing for one minute from the maximum peak time to the processing end time (step S351).

Then, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 subtracts the necessary raising amount (that is, the raising amount that has not been obtained) from the SOC at the time that is the processing target in the loop L32 (step S352).
Then, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 determines whether or not the processing of the loop L32 has been completed for all the processing targets, and transitions according to the determination result (step S353). When it is determined that the processing has been completed for all the minutes, the processing in FIG. 18 ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is an unprocessed part, the process returns to step S351, and the process of the loop L32 is continued for the unprocessed part.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S302 that the SOC at the start of vehicle use is equal to or lower than the peak SOC (maximum peak power storage amount) (step S302: NO), that is, discharge is prohibited without performing a new charge. If possible, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 determines that there is no change from the processing start time until the vehicle use start SOC is reached, and thereafter generates a schedule in consideration of discharge prohibition (step S361). The process which the discharge suppression plan part 164 performs in step S361 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

FIG. 20 is a graph showing an example of a schedule in which there is no change from the processing start time until the vehicle usage start SOC is reached, and thereafter discharge prohibition is considered. FIG. 20 shows an example of a schedule generated by the discharge suppression planning unit 164 based on the processing result in the example of FIG.
The horizontal axis in FIG. 20 indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates SOC.

  In the example of FIG. 20, the charged amount in the schedule in consideration of discharge prohibition at the first vehicle use start time T62 after the maximum peak time T61 is V62. Accordingly, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 assumes that there is no change in the schedule (that is, the schedule before considering discharge prohibition (see line L61 in FIG. 19)) until time T71 when the amount of stored electricity becomes V62. On the other hand, after time T71, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 sets a schedule in consideration of discharge prohibition (see line L62 in FIG. 19).

  In this way, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 avoids power shortage when the vehicle is used by generating a schedule that takes into account the prohibition of discharge after the processing start time until the vehicle usage start SOC is reached. It is possible to permit the discharge of the storage battery 201 to the extent possible and reduce the use of externally supplied power during the expensive period.

Returning to FIG. 18, after step S361, the process of FIG.
On the other hand, when it is determined in step S333 that the required increase amount is 0 or less (step S333: YES), the discharge suppression planning unit 164 prohibits discharge until the required increase amount can be secured from the peak time ( Step S381). Thereafter, the process of FIG. 18 is terminated.

As described above, the maximum power storage amount adjustment unit 150 uses the externally supplied power in a time zone in which the power rate is relatively low so that the maximum value of the power storage amount at each time becomes the predetermined maximum power storage amount SOCmax. The storage battery 201 is planned to be charged.
The off-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 then sets the storage battery 201 so that the off-facility use end storage power amount, which is the storage power amount of the storage battery 201 at the out-of-facility use scheduled end time, is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum storage amount SOCmin. Plan for charging and discharging.
Thereby, in the case where the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility such as traveling of the vehicle 200 while supplying power from one storage battery 201 to the power load 400, it is possible to avoid power shortage.

In addition, when the necessity determination unit 161 determines that the storage amount of the storage battery 201 needs to be adjusted for use outside the facility, the front-rear determination unit 162 determines that the scheduled storage end time of the storage battery is the maximum storage amount of the storage battery. It is determined whether or not it is earlier than a certain time.
And if the back-and-forth determination unit 162 determines that the scheduled use end time outside the facility is earlier than the time when the storage amount of the storage battery 201 is maximized, the charging plan unit 163 plans charging of the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power. To do. On the other hand, if the back-and-forth determination unit 162 determines that the scheduled use end time outside the facility is after the time when the storage amount of the storage battery is maximum, the suppression of the discharge of the storage battery 201 is planned.
As a result, the power management apparatus 100 can select an appropriate raising method (a method for securing a storage amount necessary for use outside the facility) according to the timing of use outside the facility and the peak timing of the storage amount.

More specifically, when the scheduled use end time outside the facility is earlier than the maximum peak time, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during use outside the facility can be increased by increasing the charge amount in the inexpensive period. By charging during an inexpensive period, the electricity bill can be kept relatively low. In other words, the charging plan unit 163 charges the storage battery 201 during a low-cost period, so that it is possible to secure an amount of electricity necessary for use outside the facility while keeping the electricity bill relatively low.
Further, when the scheduled use end time outside the facility is after the maximum peak time, the amount of power stored in the storage battery 201 during use outside the facility cannot be increased even if the charge amount during the inexpensive period is increased. In this case, it is simpler to supply the external power supply to the power load 400 than to temporarily store the external power supply in the storage battery 201 and then supply it to the power load 400, and no loss due to charging / discharging occurs. Therefore, the discharge suppression planning unit 164 can prevent the loss due to unnecessary charge and discharge by suppressing the discharge of the storage battery 201, and can secure the necessary amount of electricity during use outside the facility.

In addition, the charging plan unit 163 plans to continue charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in a time period that goes back with the scheduled start time outside the facility as the charging end time, and the time width of the time period Is a time width in which the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum storage amount SOCmin.
Thereby, the charging plan unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 in a time zone immediately before the use of the storage battery 201 outside the facility. By delaying the charging time, the charging plan unit 163 can reduce the charging amount when the power consumption of the power load 400 is less than expected. Therefore, the power management apparatus 100 can avoid unnecessary charging.

  It is noted that power management device 100 is particularly suitable when the total amount of power consumed by using the vehicle for one day is less than or equal to the amount of electricity stored in storage battery 201 (maximum amount of electricity stored SOCmax−minimum amount of electricity stored SOCmin). In addition, when the electric power used by the vehicle exceeds the amount of electricity stored, the charging / discharging control unit 170 can perform charging immediately when the storage battery 201 can be charged.

In addition, when there is a plan for use outside the facility across 23:00 (the start time of the inexpensive period), the electricity storage amount adjustment unit 160 when used outside the facility may process the use until 23:00.
For example, if there is a plan to use 3 kilowatt hours (kwh) from 22:30 to 23:30, it may be rearranged to use 3 kilowatt hours from 22:30 to 23:00. This makes it easier for the outside-facility use power storage amount adjustment unit 160 to make a plan.

In addition, when there is a plan for use outside the facility after 23:00, the storage amount adjustment unit 160 during use outside the facility compares the planned power consumption with the amount of power that can be charged by the planned off-site use start time. If scheduled power amount> rechargeable power amount, add the difference between the planned use energy amount and rechargeable power amount to the last planned vehicle use power amount until 23:00, and charge in advance Also good.
The same process may be performed for the next vehicle schedule.
The minimum charge amount SOCmin may be a slightly larger value including a prediction error margin in a value set based on the performance of the storage battery 201.

<Second Embodiment>
In the first embodiment, the charging planning unit 163 plans to charge the storage battery 201 immediately before use outside the facility (as late as possible) when charging the storage battery 201 using externally supplied power during an expensive period.
On the other hand, in 2nd Embodiment, the charge plan part 163 charges the storage battery 201 as early as possible. Specifically, the charging plan unit 163 plans to continue charging the storage battery 201 using the externally supplied power in a time zone in which the start time of the charge / discharge plan target time zone is the charge start time, and the time The time width of the band is a time width in which the storage amount at the end of use outside the facility is equal to or greater than the minimum storage amount.
In this way, the charging planning unit 163 charges the storage battery 201 at the earliest possible time, so that even when the capacity of the storage battery 201 is expected to be insufficient, such as when the power generation amount of the storage battery 201 is less than expected, there is a margin. The storage battery 201 can be charged, and the lack of electricity during use outside the facility can be avoided more reliably.
The rest is the same as the first embodiment.

<Third Embodiment>
In 1st Embodiment, the charge / discharge control part 170 is the storage battery 201, the power load 400, the natural energy power generation apparatus 300, and external supply electric power in the time when the use of the storage battery 201 outside a facility is planned, or the use outside a facility. The standby mode in which no charging / discharging is performed is set.
On the other hand, in the third embodiment, the charge / discharge control unit 170 selects the charging mode at the time when the storage battery 201 is used outside the facility or when the storage battery 201 is scheduled to be used outside the facility. Specifically, when the charging / discharging control unit 170 detects a state in which the storage battery 201 is connected in a time period from the planned out-of-facility use start time to the out-of-facility use scheduled time, the storage battery 201 using externally supplied power is used. Charge the battery.
That is, when the battery becomes connectable to the natural energy power generation apparatus 300 or externally supplied power, the charge / discharge control unit 170 starts charging immediately. Thereby, the storage battery 201 can be charged more quickly, and it becomes easy to cope with the use of the unscheduled storage battery 201.
The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
Note that the second embodiment and the third embodiment may be implemented in combination.

A program for realizing all or part of the functions of the power management apparatus 100 is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read into a computer system and executed. You may perform the process of each part. Here, the “computer system” includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices.
Further, the “computer system” includes a homepage providing environment (or display environment) if a WWW system is used.
The “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage device such as a flexible medium, a magneto-optical disk, a portable medium such as a ROM and a CD-ROM, and a hard disk incorporated in a computer system. Furthermore, the “computer-readable recording medium” dynamically holds a program for a short time like a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. In this case, a volatile memory in a computer system serving as a server or a client in that case, and a program that holds a program for a certain period of time are also included. The program may be a program for realizing a part of the functions described above, and may be a program capable of realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in a computer system.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Power management apparatus 110 Off-site use plan acquisition part 120 Power consumption prediction acquisition part 130 Generated power prediction acquisition part 140 Power storage amount prediction calculation part 150 Maximum storage amount adjustment part 160 Off-site use storage amount adjustment part 161 Adjustment necessity determination part 162 Front-rear determination unit 163 Charge plan unit 164 Discharge suppression plan unit 170 Charge / discharge control unit 200 Vehicle 201 Storage battery 300 Natural energy power generation device 400 Electric power load

Claims (3)

A storage battery controlled by a power management device that manages power in a facility including a natural energy power generation device, a power load, and a storage battery,
The power management device includes:
It is a predicted out-of-facility use start time that is a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a predicted out-of-facility use end time that is a scheduled time to end the use, and a prediction of the amount of power required for the use. Based on the out-of-facility use schedule including the out-of-facility power consumption prediction, the prediction of the power consumption of the power load, and the prediction of the generated power of the natural energy power generation device, the storage amount of the storage battery at each time is calculated. A storage amount prediction calculation unit;
The maximum storage amount planned for charging the storage battery using externally supplied power in a time zone where the power rate is relatively inexpensive so that the maximum value of the storage amount at each time obtained becomes the predetermined maximum storage amount. An adjustment unit;
The off-facility use storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery so that the off-facility use end-of-storage charge amount that is the amount of charge of the storage battery at the out-of-facility use scheduled end time is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum charge amount. When,
A charge / discharge control unit for controlling charge / discharge of the storage battery based on the obtained plan;
Comprising
The storage battery includes a charging mode forcibly charging with a constant power including the externally supplied power, a standby mode in which neither charging nor discharging is performed, and the generated power of the natural energy power generation device is greater than the power consumption of the power load. Auto mode to charge when large,
The said power management apparatus sets the said charge mode of the said storage battery, the said standby mode, and the said auto mode for every time, The storage battery characterized by the above-mentioned. A storage battery that is included in a facility that includes a natural energy power generation device and a power load, and that is planned to be charged and discharged by a charge and discharge planning device that plans charging and discharging,
The charge / discharge planning device
It is a predicted out-of-facility use start time that is a scheduled time to start using the storage battery outside the facility, a predicted out-of-facility use end time that is a scheduled time to end the use, and a prediction of the amount of power required for the use. Based on the out-of-facility use schedule including the out-of-facility power consumption prediction, the prediction of the power consumption of the power load, and the prediction of the generated power of the natural energy power generation device, the storage amount of the storage battery at each time is calculated. A storage amount prediction calculation unit;
The maximum storage amount planned for charging the storage battery using externally supplied power in a time zone where the power rate is relatively inexpensive so that the maximum value of the storage amount at each time obtained becomes the predetermined maximum storage amount. An adjustment unit;
The off-facility use storage amount adjustment unit that plans charging / discharging of the storage battery so that the off-facility use end-of-storage charge amount that is the amount of charge of the storage battery at the out-of-facility use scheduled end time is equal to or greater than a predetermined minimum charge amount. When,
Comprising
The storage battery includes a charging mode forcibly charging with a constant power including the externally supplied power, a standby mode in which neither charging nor discharging is performed, and the generated power of the natural energy power generation device is greater than the power consumption of the power load. Auto mode to charge when large,
The charge / discharge planning apparatus sets the charge mode, the standby mode, and the auto mode of the storage battery to any one of the times.   A vehicle equipped with the storage battery according to claim 1.

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