JP2016527427A - 排ガスを処理するための触媒化フィルタ - Google Patents
排ガスを処理するための触媒化フィルタ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016527427A JP2016527427A JP2016517048A JP2016517048A JP2016527427A JP 2016527427 A JP2016527427 A JP 2016527427A JP 2016517048 A JP2016517048 A JP 2016517048A JP 2016517048 A JP2016517048 A JP 2016517048A JP 2016527427 A JP2016527427 A JP 2016527427A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- diesel particulate
- particulate filter
- filter
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
- B01D53/9472—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick in different zones
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
Description
(a)触媒フィルタの入口と接触しているスートを蓄積及び/又は燃焼する工程;(b)好ましくはNOXと還元剤の処理に関係する触媒化工程の介在なく、触媒フィルタと接触する前に窒素系還元剤を排ガス流中に導入する工程;(c)NOX吸着触媒上でNH3を生成させる工程、及び好ましくは下流のSCR反応で還元剤としてそのようなNH3を使用する工程;(d)排ガス流をDOCと接触させ、可溶性有機フラクション(SOF)に基づく炭化水素及び/又は一酸化炭素をCO2へと酸化し、及び/又はNOをNO2へと酸化する工程、ここで、NO2は、今度は微粒子フィルタ中の粒状物質を酸化するために使用されてもよく、及び/又は排ガス中の粒状物質(PM)を還元する工程;(e)還元剤の存在下、排ガスを一又は複数のフロースルーSCR触媒装置(類)と接触し、排ガス中のNOX濃度を減少させる工程;(f)排ガスを大気中に放出する前に、好ましくはSCR触媒の下流で、排ガスをAMOX触媒と接触させ、全てではないとしても、アンモニアの大部分を酸化する工程、又は、排ガスがエンジンに入る/再入する前に、排ガスを再循環ループに通す工程、を含み得る。
CHAフレームワークを有する銅が含浸されたモレキュラーシーブを有する触媒ウォッシュコーティングが、主としてコーディエライトで構成され、300cpsi及び12ミル(0.3mm)の厚さを有する、ハニカム式ウォールフロー型フィルタの出口側からウォッシュコートされ、その後、乾燥された。走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)画像が、触媒コーティングがフィルタ壁の出口側上及び内装材部に残存することを確証した。フィルタ壁の入口側は、触媒コーティングを含まないままであった。
フィルタの平均細孔サイズ及び空隙率及び触媒コーティングのd50粒子サイズ分布が表1に示されるように調整されたことを除いて、二つの付加的な試料が、実施例1に記載される一般的な手順に続いて製造された。
触媒コーティングがフィルタの入口から適用されたことを除き、例1−3及び比較例A−Bに記載される手順が繰り返された。触媒コーティングの半分がフィルタの入口側に適用され、触媒コーティングの半分がフィルタの出口側に適用されたことを除き、実施例1−3及び比較例A−Bに記載される手順が再度繰り返された。周囲温度の空気が、400立方フィート毎分(CFM)の割合でフィルタを通された。スートは徐々にフィルタの上流に導入され、フィルタの入口側上に蓄積され、フィルタ全体の圧力差(例えば、フィルタの背圧)が、増加したスートレベルとして記録された。約2から約9グラム毎立方インチのスート荷重における各フィルタのスート荷重背圧(SLBP)が比較され、どの触媒コーティングの向き(すなわち出口のみ、入口のみ、入口及び出口の両方)が最も低いSLBPをもたらすかを決定した。結果は表2に示される。
Claims (20)
- a.平均細孔サイズ、入口側、出口側、及び、入口側と出口側との間の多孔質内装材を有する、ウォールフロー型フィルタ基材;並びに
b.基材の出口側からコートされる触媒組成物であって、d50粒子サイズ分布を有する、触媒組成物
を含むディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタであって、
前記d50粒子サイズ分布が4.9で割られた平均細孔サイズより大きいか又は等しく、該入口側が触媒コーティングを実質的に含まない、ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。 - 平均細孔サイズが少なくとも約10μmである、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 平均細孔サイズが少なくとも約15μmである、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- ウォールフロー型フィルタ基材が少なくとも約45パーセントの空隙率をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- ウォールフロー型フィルタ基材が少なくとも約55パーセントの空隙率をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- ウォールフロー型フィルタ基材が少なくとも約65パーセントの空隙率をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 前記d50粒子サイズ分布が少なくとも約2.5ミクロンである、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 前記d50粒子サイズ分布が少なくとも約3.5ミクロンである、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 前記d50粒子サイズ分布が少なくとも約4ミクロンである、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 多孔質内装材が実質的に触媒コーティングを含まない、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 触媒組成物が約0.5−3.0g/in3の量で存在する、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 触媒組成物が約0.9−1.8g/in3の量で存在する、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 触媒組成物が単層として存在する、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- フィルタの出口側からコートされる付加的な触媒層をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 触媒コーティング層が選択的還元触媒を含む、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 前記選択的還元触媒が、小孔モレキュラーシーブ上及び/又は内に、Cu又はFeを含む、請求項15に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- 触媒コーティング層がアンモニアスリップ触媒を含む、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ。
- リーンバーン排ガスを処理するためのシステムであって:
a.請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ;並びに
b.ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタと流体連通する少なくとも一つの排気システムの部品であって、ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタの上流に配設されるNO2源、ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタの上流に配設される還元剤源、AMOX触媒、NOxトラップ、NOx吸収剤触媒、ディーゼル酸化触媒、及びSCR触媒からなる群から選択される、排気システムの部品
を含む、システム。 - リーンバーン排ガス中のスートを低減するための方法であって:
a.スートを運びかつ任意選択的にNOxを含む排ガス流を、請求項1に記載のディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタに接触させる工程;
b.排ガスがディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタを通過することを可能としながら、ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ上及び/又は内で少なくとも一部のスートを捕捉する工程;並びに
c.捕捉されたスートを周期的及び/又は連続的に燃焼し、フィルタを再生する工程
を含む、方法。 - a.フィルタの出口側からコートされたSCR触媒に排ガスを接触させ、排ガス中のNOxの濃度を低減する工程
をさらに含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
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JPWO2020039649A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-22 | 2021-09-30 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2014194225A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
GB201409617D0 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
RU2015156186A (ru) | 2017-07-06 |
GB2517034B (en) | 2016-02-17 |
KR20160013217A (ko) | 2016-02-03 |
CN105247178A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
EP3004578A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
US9687785B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
US20140356265A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
EP3004578B1 (en) | 2019-07-24 |
BR112015029664A2 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
RU2660737C2 (ru) | 2018-07-09 |
CN105247178B (zh) | 2018-09-14 |
RU2015156186A3 (ja) | 2018-05-07 |
GB2517034A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
DE102014107667A1 (de) | 2014-12-04 |
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