JP2016219041A - Systems and methods for cards and devices operable to communicate via light pulsing and touch sensor type display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide systems and methods for cards and devices operable to communicate via light pulsing and touch sensor type displays.SOLUTION: A card is provided that includes a touch transmitter electrically communicating a touch signal to a touch sensor type screen such as a capacitive touch sensor screen and so forth. Therefore, for example, the card may directly communicate with a portable telephone device or portable computer (such as a tablet computer and so forth). The card is provided with an optical sensor receiving information via light emerging from a display screen or emitted from a different light source. Accordingly, the portable telephone device or portable computer (such as the tablet computer and so forth) may communicate the information to the card via light pulsing. The Information communicated via the light may include the information on, for example, points balances, credit balances, debit balances, transaction history, updates of software, coupons, promotions, advertisements or any other types.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to magnetic cards and devices, and related payment systems.

  The card can include a dynamic magnetic communication device. Such a dynamic magnetic communication device can take the form of a magnetic encoder or a magnetic emulator. The magnetic encoder can change the information on the magnetic medium and allow the magnetic stripe reader to read the changed magnetic information from the magnetic medium. The magnetic emulator can generate an electromagnetic field that communicates data directly to the magnetic stripe reader. Such a magnetic emulator can continuously communicate data to the read head of a magnetic stripe reader.

  All or substantially all of the front and back sides of the card can be displays (such as bistable, non-bistable, LCD, LED, or electrochromic display). The electrodes of the display can be coupled to one or more capacitive touch sensors so that the display can be provided as a touch screen display. Any kind of touch screen display can be used. Such a touch screen display can determine a plurality of touch points. Thus, barcodes can be displayed over all or substantially all of the card surface. By doing so, a computer vision device such as a barcode reader can be made less prone to error when reading the displayed barcode.

  The card can include several output devices for outputting dynamic information. For example, the card can include one or more RFID or IC chips for communicating with one or more RFID readers or IC chip readers, respectively. The card can include a device for receiving information. For example, the RFID and the IC chip can both receive information and communicate information with the RFID reader and the IC chip reader, respectively. An apparatus for receiving a wireless information signal can also be provided. Information can be received wirelessly using a light sensing device or a sound sensing device. The card may include a central processing unit that simultaneously communicates data through one or more output devices (such as RFID, IC chips, and dynamic magnetic stripe communication devices). This central processing unit can simultaneously receive information from one or more input devices (such as RFID, IC chip, dynamic magnetic stripe device, light sensing device and sound sensing device). A processor can be coupled to the surface contacts to allow the processor to perform processing power, such as an EMV chip. To prevent such a processor from being exposed on the surface of the card, the processor can be laminated so that it is not exposed.

  The card can be provided with a button that, when activated, causes the code to be communicated through the dynamic magnetic stripe communication device (eg, a read head detector on the card then detects the read head). This code can indicate a function (such as a payment function), for example. The card can receive this code via manual input (eg, on a button on the card) or via wireless transmission (such as an optical signal, electromagnetic communication signal, audio signal, or other wireless signal). This code can be communicated from the web page to the card (via light and / or sound, etc.). The card can include a display so that the received code can be visually displayed to the user. Doing so allows the user to read the code from the display (eg via a magnetic stripe reader) or online (eg via a magnetic stripe reader) and enter this code into the text box on the checkout page of the online purchase transaction Can provide a way to select and use the code. This code can be received by a remote server, such as a payment authorization server, and the payment can be processed differently based on the received code. For example, the code may be a security code for authorizing a purchase transaction. The code provides payment functions to allow users and users to make purchases through point payments, debit payments, credit payments, installments or post-payments through a single payment account number (such as a credit card number) The payment function code for selecting the type of payment that the user desires to use can be confirmed.

  The dynamic magnetic stripe communication device can include a magnetic emulator that includes an inductor (such as a coil). Current can be supplied through this coil to create an electromagnetic field that communicates with the read head of the magnetic stripe reader. The drive circuit can vary the amount of current moving through the coil so that the magnetic stripe data track can be communicated to the read head of the magnetic stripe reader. A switch (such as a transistor) can be provided to enable or disable current flow, for example according to a frequency / double frequency (F2F) encoding algorithm. By doing so, data bits can be communicated.

  The card includes a touch transmitter that can activate a capacitive touch sensor on another device so that the other device can be confident that the user has physically touched the capacitive touch sensor with a finger. be able to. Thus, the touch transmitter can activate a capacitive touch screen such as a cellular phone, a capacitive touch screen located on a tablet computer device, or a capacitive touch screen of a laptop or fixed computer. Thus, the touch transmitter can communicate information to a device (such as a mobile phone) by activating and deactivating the touch sensor on the capacitive touch screen in a specific manner. For example, a touch transmitter can communicate information continuously by activating and deactivating capacitive touch screen sensors with respect to time. Thus, the touch transmitter can communicate information via a capacitive touch sensor using F2F encoding, in which case a state transition occurs during operation or, for example, when activated and deactivated. In this way, the card does not require the use of any physical connection or dedicated communication protocol, and the information can be sent to a mobile phone with a capacitive touch screen, or any device with a capacitive touch screen. Can communicate directly. On a device having a touch screen, a software program can be executed that determines information provided from a device, such as a battery-powered payment card, by one or more touch transmitters. For example, the software program can determine different bits of information by measuring the time between state transitions. For example, a specific time between state transitions can be determined as one bit of information (for example, “0” or “1”, respectively). Another specific time between state transitions can be determined as different bits of information (eg, “1” or “0”, respectively). The message provided by the touch transmitter is a string of a specific length of a specific bit that allows the software program to track, track or identify the time period of this specific bit and correctly determine which bits will be received in the future ( For example, 4 or 5 bits) can be included first. One particular time associated with one bit of information may be a duration time approximately twice as long as another particular time associated with different bits of information.

  A card or other device can communicate any type of information using one or more touch transmitters. For example, the card may utilize a touch transmitter to communicate a payment card number and associated data (eg, any relevant data such as a payment code and expiration date) so that a payment purchase can be completed. . For example, the card can communicate the magnetic stripe information of track 1, track 2 and / or track 3 to the device using a touch transmitter. A software program for completing a purchase transaction based on the magnetic stripe data received from the touch screen may be provided on the device that receives the magnetic stripe information. According to another example, the card may communicate one or more user selections on the card so that it can communicate user selections (eg, in addition to payment data and / or other data) to the capacitive touch screen. The information shown can be communicated. According to yet another example, a message can be communicated to a device having a capacitive touch screen to provide a state of communication. For example, the card may communicate a message to the device via the device's capacitive touch screen that the message is about to be sent or that the message transfer has been completed. The card can also communicate identification information and password information so that the card itself can be securely identified to the device.

  The card can receive information from a device having a capacitive touch screen and can use the capacitive touch screen for two-way communication with the device. For example, the card can receive information via light pulses emitted from a capacitive touch display. More specifically, for example, a device (such as a mobile phone) can be installed with a software program that sends messages to the card via light and receives messages from the card via touch. Two-way communication can occur in parallel (eg, a light pulse can be sent to the card upon receipt of a touch pulse from the card). Two-way communication may occur continuously (eg, the card communicates via touch, the card receives communication from the device via light after the card communicates, and the card touches after the device communicates) To communicate via). The device can communicate identification information and password information to the battery-powered card (or other device) via the light pulse so that the battery-powered device can securely identify the communication device. In this way, a handshake can be initiated so that two devices can identify each other, and a secure communication channel can be initiated between these devices. At least one of these devices communicates with the remote server (such as via a telephone communication channel) to receive information about the device that communicates with the device and allows the remote server to identify the received identification information and password information. be able to. For example, identification information and password information of a plurality of devices can be stored locally in any one of these devices.

  With bi-directional communication, for example, a handshake can be performed between these two devices so that each device can be identified and a secure communication channel can be set via light pulses and touch pulses. It is also possible to communicate information indicating the receipt of a message, for example, via light and / or touch. For example, information can be communicated in other ways, such as via sound or electromagnetic pulses. A synchronization signal can be communicated before and after the message. For example, a particular string of bits (such as multiple “0s”) can appear before every message so that a card or other device can track the timing of information transmitted in the signal. For example, 0 can be transmitted through a “short” touch pulse, and 1 can be transmitted through a “long” touch pulse. In synchronizing the signals, the receiving device can train the duration of “short” touch pulses versus “long” touch pulses. A “short” touch pulse may be the time between activation of the capacitive sensor or the time between activation and deactivation of the touch sensor.

  The card can include one or more light sensors, touch transmitters, capacitive touch sensors, and / or light emitters. Thus, two examples of such cards can communicate bi-directionally via light and via capacitive touch.

  On the device (such as a mobile phone), a web page or other graphical user interface can be displayed, which interacts with the card through both communicating optical information and receiving touch information, This information can be communicated to a remote server. Such a remote server may be, for example, an authentication server used to complete a purchase or other transaction. In this way, the user need not load, for example, the user's payment information onto the website. Instead, for example, the user can collect various items to purchase and choose to pay with a touch communication card. At this point, the user can hold the card against the display of the device (such as a mobile phone or portable computer) and securely communicate payment information to the remote server via the web server for payment authorization. .

  The touch transmitter on the card can be, for example, mechanical in nature or electronic. For example, a mechanical switch can physically connect a conductive material having a specific capacitance to another conductive material having a different specific capacitance. In so doing, for example, the mechanical switch can determine whether the conductive region has a capacitance close to that of the finger in order to communicate information to the capacitive touch screen. According to another example, a circuit that electrically provides a particular capacitance (such as a particular electrostatic field having a particular capacitance) can be provided on the plate. By doing so, the microprocessor can electronically trigger one or more capacitive touch sensors on the capacitive touch screen of the device (such as a mobile phone).

  The card may include a touch transmitter that can activate a capacitive touch sensor on another device so that the other device is confident that the user has physically touched the capacitive touch sensor with a finger. it can. Thus, the touch transmitter can activate a capacitive touch screen such as a cellular phone, a capacitive touch screen found on a tablet computer device, or a capacitive touch screen of a laptop or fixed computer. Thus, the touch transmitter can communicate information to a device (such as a mobile phone) by activating and deactivating the touch sensor on the capacitive touch screen in a specific manner. For example, touch transmitters can communicate information continuously by activating and deactivating capacitive touch screen sensors with respect to time. Thus, the touch transmitter can communicate information via a capacitive touch sensor using F2F encoding, in which case a state transition occurs during operation or, for example, when activated and deactivated. In this way, the card does not require any physical connection or use of a dedicated communication protocol, and directly communicates to a mobile phone with a capacitive touch screen or any device with a capacitive touch screen. Can communicate.

  A card or other device can have one or more light sensors. Such light sensors include, for example, one or more photoresistors, photodiodes, phototransistors, light emitting diodes that sense light, or any other device that identifies light or converts light to electrical energy. Can do. Such an optical sensor can receive information via light. For example, one or more photosensors receive a light pulse and based on one or more information encoding schemes stored in the memory of a device that includes the one or more photosensors. Information can be identified.

  A plurality of optical sensors can be provided. One or more light sensors can receive information from a region on the display that generates different pulse or light patterns over a period of time, for example. Each light sensor can receive information from a different light region on the display, for example. The light region can communicate light, for example, by transmitting light of different colors (such as red, blue, green) or can alternate between two colors of light (such as black and white) Can communicate information. For example, information can be communicated based on time-based light color transitions. For example, a transition from one color to another can be determined as a transition by a device (such as a battery-powered payment card). A transition may be a change from a particular color (such as black) to another color (such as white). Alternatively, the transition may be a change from any color (such as black or white) to a different color (such as white or black, respectively). Information on a specific bit can be determined using such a time period between transitions. For example, a case where the time between transitions is “short” is one bit (such as “0” or “1”), and a case where the time between transitions is “long” is different (such as “1” or “0”). Can be a bit. In doing so, for example, the same information can be communicated using the same encoding scheme across displays of different frame rates. Allowing a processor to receive a series of training pulses before and / or after a data message to receive information from one or more light pulses to distinguish between a “short” period and a “long” period it can. For example, some information (such as three, four or five “0” or “1”) precedes any data message and these are the information the processor receives before the message I can let you know. With such known bits as, for example, a “short” period, the processor determines the approximate duration of the “short” period and uses this to determine the “short” or “long” period between future transitions. It can be judged. Alternatively, for example, the processor can identify transition information and timing information across data messages and determine a “long” transition period relative to other periods based on the received data. By doing so, the processor can identify the data from the received transition information. A “long” transition period can be, for example, about twice as long as a “short” transition period. A “long” transition period may be, for example, at least 25 percent longer than a “short” transition period. More than two transition intervals can be used. For example, the “short”, “medium”, “long”, and “very long” transition intervals can be used to communicate four states of information to the device.

  Multiple areas of the display can be used to communicate information to the device via light (eg, via a mobile phone, portable computer device, or other device). Each area can communicate information of a different track. Track information can also be communicated based on the state of each light region at a particular point in time. For example, if one region is a specific color during a specific time and another region is a different color during the same time, a specific combination of these states during a specific time is correlated to the data information can do.

  Multiple optical sensors can allow data to be communicated simultaneously via multiple independent communication tracks (via multiple areas of the display that provide optical information to the device). For example, four optical sensors can receive four data messages independently at the same time. Alternatively, for example, a single message can be received using multiple light sensors. Thus, multiple light sensors can be utilized to receive a single message faster than a single light sensor. For example, information can be communicated in more than two (eg, more than two) states. For example, when the first photosensor receives white and the second photosensor receives black, it can be set to “0”. If the first photosensor receives white and the second photosensor also receives white, it can be “1”. If the first photosensor receives black and the second photosensor receives white, it can be “2”. If the first photosensor receives black and the second photosensor also receives black, it can be “3”.

  Multiple photosensors can be utilized in the sensor array to determine the same data from a single light region. Multiple samples can be taken from each sensor. Multiple samples from each of these sensors can be averaged together. Information can be determined using the averaged sample from each sensor of the sample array. For example, the majority or majority of sensors in the array may need to provide an average sample of the transition over time when the transition occurs so that the processor can determine that the transition has occurred. The sampling rate of the optical sensor can be greater than 10 samples per second, for example. For example, the processor can take more than 20 samples per second (eg, more than 50 times per second) from the light sensor.

  A single light sensor can continuously receive information in various ways. For example, light can be communicated by providing different colors of a particular pulse width (such as white vs. black). Standard black width can be used for synchronization. If the white pulse has the same width as black, it can be set to “0”. If the white pulse is twice as wide as the black pulse, it can be set to “1”. If the white pulse is three times as wide as the black pulse, it can be set to “2”. Thus, for example, such a scheme allows information to be communicated by the display regardless of the frame rate. Information can be communicated regardless of the frame rate by comparing one type of light in one period time with another type of light in another period time.

  A single light sensor can receive information continuously, for example through frequency double frequency encoding. In particular, for example, the processor can receive an electrical signal from the light sensor indicative of the light sensed by the light sensor. By switching between white and black, information can be pulsed to the processor via the optical sensor. Information can be communicated using the transition timing from white to black and from black to white. Several sync pulses can be communicated before the message to allow the processor to track the period of a particular bit (such as “0” or “1”). If the time period between transitions is short, it can be the first data bit (such as “0”), and if the time period between transitions is long, the second data bit (such as “1”) It can be a data bit. Such a scheme can be independent of the frame rate of the display. Thus, for example, information can be communicated via a television display, a computer monitor, and a mobile phone regardless of whether the frame rate differs from device to device.

  The card can receive information from a device having a capacitive touch screen and be capable of two-way communication with a device that utilizes the capacitive touch screen. For example, the card can receive information via light pulses emitted from a capacitive touch display. More specifically, for example, a device (such as a mobile phone or tablet computer device) can be installed with a software program that sends messages to the card via light and receives messages from the card via touch. Two-way communication can occur in parallel (eg, a light pulse can be sent to the card upon receipt of a touch pulse from the card). Two-way communication may occur continuously (eg, the card communicates via touch, the card receives communication from the device via light after the card communicates, and the card touches after the device communicates) Can communicate through).

  With bi-directional communication, for example, a handshake can be performed between these two devices so that each device can be identified and a secure communication channel can be set via light pulses and touch pulses. Such a secure communication channel can have one or more (eg, three) information tracks. Also, for example, information indicating receipt of a message can be communicated via light and / or touch. A synchronization signal can also be communicated before and after the message. For example, certain multiple strings of bits (such as multiple “0s”) may appear before every message so that a card or other device can track the timing of the information transmitted in the signal. it can. For example, 0 can be transmitted through a “short” touch pulse, and 1 can be transmitted through a “long” touch pulse. In synchronizing the signals, the receiving device can train the duration of the “short” and “long” touch pulses. A “short” touch pulse may be the time between activation of the capacitive sensor or the time between activation and deactivation of the touch sensor.

  A card or other device (such as a mobile phone) can include one or more light sensors, a touch transmitter, a capacitive touch sensor, and a light emitter. Thus, two examples of such cards can communicate bi-directionally via light and capacitive touch.

  The principles and advantages of the present invention may be more clearly understood when the following detailed description is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like structural elements throughout.

1 is a diagram illustrating a card constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 illustrates a graphic user interface constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 1 is a diagram illustrating a card constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of a card constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates a graphic user interface constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 1 illustrates a system constructed according to the principles of the present invention. 1 illustrates a system constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates an apparatus constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates an apparatus constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates an apparatus constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 1 is a diagram illustrating a card constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a card constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a network topology constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 illustrates an apparatus constructed according to the principles of the present invention. 1 is a diagram illustrating a card constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 illustrates a graphic user interface constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 1 is a diagram illustrating a card constructed according to the principles of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a signal constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a signal constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates a scheme constructed according to the principles of the present invention. 1 illustrates a system constructed according to the principles of the present invention. 1 illustrates a system constructed according to the principles of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 illustrates a card 100 that can include dynamic numbers that can be displayed, for example, in whole or in part via display 112. The dynamic number can include an invariant portion, such as the invariant portion 111, for example. The invariant portion 111 may be printed on the card 100 or embossed or laser etched. The card can be provided with a plurality of displays. For example, the display 113 can be used to display a dynamic code such as a dynamic security code. In addition, a display 125 can be provided to display a logo, a barcode, and multiple lines of information. The display may be a bistable display or a non-bistable display. Invariant information 119 may also be included, which may include information such as user-specific information (such as the user's name or user name) or card-specific information (such as the card issue date and / or card expiration date). . The card 100 can include one or more buttons, such as buttons 130-134. Such a button may be a mechanical button, a capacitive button, or a combination of a mechanical button and a capacitive button. Using a button (such as button 130), for example, information indicating the single-track magnetic stripe information that the user wishes to communicate can be communicated through the dynamic magnetic stripe communication device. Those skilled in the art will be able to communicate information through the dynamic magnetic stripe communication device by pressing a button (such as button 130) when the associated read head detector detects the presence of the read head of the magnetic stripe reader. You will understand. The button 130 is used to communicate information indicating user selection (eg, after two-track magnetic stripe data is communicated) (eg, after the button 130 is pressed and after the read head detects the reader's read head). can do. Multiple buttons can be provided on the card, and each button can be associated with a different user selection. The card 100 can include, for example, a touch transmitter 126 and an optical sensor 127.

  The architecture 150 can be used with any card. The architecture 150 can include a processor 120. The processor 120 may have on-board memory for storing information (such as drive code). Any number of components can communicate with and / or receive communications from processor 120. For example, one or more displays (such as display 140) can be coupled to processor 120. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a component can be placed between a particular component and the processor 120. For example, a display driver circuit can be coupled between the display 140 and the processor 120. A memory 144 may be coupled to the processor 120. Memory 144 may contain data specific to a particular card. For example, the memory 144 can store any data code associated with a button on a card (such as the card 100 of FIG. 1). Such a code can be recognized by the remote server to effect a specific action. For example, a code may be stored in memory 144 that allows promotions to be performed by a remote server (such as a remote server coupled to the card issuer's website). The memory 144 can store the type of promotion, which can be downloaded by the user to the device and selected on the device for use. Each promotion can also be associated with a button. Alternatively, for example, the user can scroll through the list of promotions on the front side display of the card (eg, using a button that scrolls through the list). The user can select a payment type on the card 100 corresponding to the displayed option on the display 125 via a manual input interface. The selected information can be communicated to the magnetic stripe reader via the dynamic magnetic stripe communication device. The selected information can also be communicated to a device (such as a mobile phone) having a capacitive sensor or other type of touch sensitive sensor.

  The card 100 can include any number of touch transmitters 126 or light sensors 127, for example. The touch transmitter 126 can be utilized to activate and deactivate, for example, capacitive or other touch sensors on the touch screen. By doing so, a device with a touch screen can be confident that the user is physically giving physical instructions to the device when the card is actually giving physical instructions to the device. The optical sensor 127 can be used to enable a display screen or other light emitting device to communicate information to the optical sensor 127 via light.

  The architecture 150 can include any number of reader communication devices. For example, an IC chip 152 for communicating information to an IC chip reader can be included. The IC chip 152 may be an EMV chip, for example. According to another example, an RFID 151 for communicating information to an RFID reader can be included. A magnetic stripe communication device for communicating information to the magnetic stripe reader can also be included. Such a magnetic stripe communication apparatus can supply an electromagnetic signal to the magnetic stripe reader. Different electromagnetic signals can be communicated to the magnetic stripe reader to provide different tracks of data. For example, separate track information can be communicated to a magnetic stripe reader, including electromagnetic field generators 170, 180 and 185. Such an electromagnetic field generator can include a coil wrapped with one or more materials (such as soft magnetic and non-magnetic materials). Each electromagnetic field generator can continuously communicate information to a magnetic stripe reader receiver for a particular magnetic stripe track. Read head detectors 171 and 172 can be utilized to sense the presence of a magnetic stripe reader (such as a magnetic stripe reader read head housing). This sensed information is communicated to the processor 120 such that the processor 120 continuously communicates information from the electromagnetic field generators 170, 180 and 185 to the magnetic stripe track receiver in the read head housing of the magnetic stripe reader. be able to. Therefore, the magnetic stripe communication apparatus can change the information communicated to the magnetic stripe reader at any time. The processor 120 receives user-specific information and card-specific information from a card reader coupled to a remote information processing server (such as a purchase authorization server) through, for example, an RFID 151, an IC chip 152, and an electromagnetic field generator 170, 180, and 185. Can communicate. The processor 120 can control the electromagnetic field generators 170, 180, and 185 using the driving circuit 141, for example.

  The architecture 150 can also include, for example, a touch transmitter 142 and a light sensor 143. The architecture 150 can communicate information from the touch transmitter 142 and receive information from the light sensor 143. The processor 120 communicates information through the touch transmitter 142 and the optical sensor 143 can determine the received information. The processor 120 may store information in the memory 144 that will be communicated later via the touch transmitter 142, for example.

  FIG. 2 shows a graphical user interface (GUI) 200 that can be displayed from any device having, for example, a fixed or portable computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a navigation system, a wristwatch, a card, or a display screen. The graphic user interface 200 can be hosted, for example, from a server and can communicate with many additional servers. For example, this graphic user interface 200 can be provided on a web browser or other application executed from a device to complete a purchase transaction. The GUI 200 can include, for example, an input text box for the user to enter a card number, card type, expiration date, security code, name, address, and postal code. For example, a submit button (not shown) may be included to communicate this information to a remote server for permission. For example, additional optional payment data or additional text boxes such as shipping destination text boxes may be included.

  The GUI 200 can also have a communication area 280 surrounded by a status area 270. The communication area 280 can be utilized to communicate data to / from a card or other device via, for example, light output and haptic input. Using the status area 270, the communication status can be communicated to the user.

  Thus, for example, the GUI 200 can receive payment information from the card via a touch sensor present on the display that provides the GUI 200. The GUI 200 can communicate information to the card via light (such as an optical pulse). Therefore, for example, secure communication can be performed between the card and the GUI 200. Information can be displayed within the text box (eg, the text box can be fully or partially autofilled). Alternatively, for example, information may not be displayed. The status area 270 can provide, for example, a specific color of light (such as yellow) to indicate to the user that processing is in progress. Prior to the start of processing, different colors of light (such as red) can be displayed. Furthermore, different colors of light (such as green) can be displayed after processing is complete.

  Information can be communicated to the GUI 200 in encrypted form. The GUI 200 can then decrypt the information, for example, or transfer the encrypted message to a remote server for processing. By doing so, for example, the GUI 200 does not need to be contacted with confidential information that is not protected. Information communicated from the card to the GUI indicates, for example, the card number, card type, expiration date, security code, postal code, address, email address, shipping address, additional optional data, and payment code selected by the user. Any data, or any other kind of information can be included. The card may also communicate, for example, encryption keys and other data for device handshaking and secure communication protocols. The card can also communicate the email address and password generated by the card, for example via a touch transmitter. By doing so, payment can be permitted based on e-mail address and password, for example. The user can also enter the amount into a card or other device and communicate from the card to the GUI 200 via touch-based communication.

  One or more optical sensors or touch transmitters can be located on the card. For example, a touch transmitter can be positioned at the opposite end of the card. The user can touch a button (such as a download button) to initiate data communication via this touch transmitter. The GUI can determine, for example, whether one or more touch transmitters are located within the communication area 280. If the card is not aligned, until the card is correctly aligned within the communication area 280 (such as by the status area 270 performing a specific action such as blinking or displaying a specific text or color). The user can be notified. Communication area 280 communicates information to the card or other device via light that the card has been realigned and no longer requires the user to press a particular button (such as a “Download” button). Can return. By doing so, the GUI 200 can communicate the communication state back to the card or other device held in contact with the communication area 280 via light.

  FIG. 3 shows a card 300 that can be provided in a vertical configuration. The card 300 may include, for example, an issuer logo 310, a network logo 370, a display 350, a manual input interface 341-343, a touch transmitter 320, an optical sensor 330, invariant marks 351, 362, and 363. One skilled in the art will appreciate that any invariant markings can be provided via the display 350. For example, one or more payment card numbers, user names, expiration dates, and security codes can be provided via display 350. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the touch transmitter 320 and / or the optical sensor 330 can be located near the corner of the card. By placing the touch transmitter 320 near the corner of the card, the corner of the card can be placed on a portion of the capacitive touch screen and data can be communicated without having to place the entire card on the capacitive touch screen. The display 350 can also be used to display a payment card number such as a 15-digit or 16-digit credit card number or debit card number. The manual input interface 341 may allow, for example, the user to scroll in a particular direction (such as left or up) in the list of choices. The manual input interface 343 may allow, for example, the user to scroll in different directions (such as right or down) in the choice list. Manual input interface 342 may allow a user to select an option from a list of options, for example.

  FIG. 4 illustrates a system 400 that can include a mobile phone 490 and a device 410 (such as a payment card). The device 410 can include, for example, a display 420 that can display a status indicating communication. A touch transmitter and / or light sensor may be provided on the opposite side of the device 410 from the display 420. In this way, for example, when the apparatus 410 is held in contact with the mobile phone 490, it can communicate with the mobile phone 490, but information indicating the communication state can be communicated via the display 420.

  Device 490 can include a housing 491, buttons 495, and a capacitive touch display screen 499. Device 410 can communicate information to, for example, mobile phone 490 using a touch transmitter. One skilled in the art will appreciate that mobile banking applications can be utilized on the mobile phone 490. In order to reduce fraud, the device 410 can be used to correctly and securely identify an individual. Accordingly, the device 410 can communicate identification information and a security code, such as a time-based code or a usage-based code, to the device 490 via the display 499. Thus, for example, a banking application may request such identification information to access banking information, perform financial transactions (such as stock or option transactions), transfer money, or make payments through electronic checks. can do.

  FIG. 5 illustrates an apparatus 500 that can include, for example, a touch transmitter 541, a light sensor 542, light emitting diodes 561 and 562, buttons 571 and 572, invariant information 520 and 530, and a light sensor 543 and a touch transmitter 544. .

  One skilled in the art will understand that multiple touch transmitters can simultaneously communicate data to the touch screen in parallel. Similarly, for example, a plurality of photosensors can simultaneously receive data from the display screen in parallel. These pieces of information may be different or the same, for example. By communicating the same information through different touch transmitters, the device receives two messages and can confirm receipt of the communication if the two messages are the same. For example, software on the device can utilize a touch transmitter to determine the location of the device 500 on the associated touch screen. Similarly, an optical sensor can be utilized to receive information indicating, for example, the position of the device 500 on an associated touch screen. Card electronic components (such as touch transmitters) can be provided on a single or multi-layer flexible printed circuit board and laminated through hot lamination or cold lamination processes. Cards can be formed using an injection process that can provide one or more liquids related to packaging and curing of electronic components (such as through light, temperature, pressure and / or chemical processes). The card can be, for example, about 30/1000 inches to 33/1000 inches thick.

  FIG. 6 illustrates a GUI 600 that can include a navigation bar 610 and a main screen 620. The GUI 600 may be a web browser for mobile banking applications, for example. The user may be asked to authenticate, for example, by entering a username, password, and holding the bank card on area 660 of the display so that the bank card can communicate an authentication message. By doing so, the status area 650 can change to display a mark indicating the authenticated identity. The card may also receive information through light or other methods (such as sound) as part of the authentication process. Upon authentication, the user can be given access to the mobile banking application, or a specific transaction can be made (eg, a funds transfer can be initiated or a purchase transaction can be permitted). Such authentication processing may be performed for any processing, such as processing performed at least in part on the device application or web page.

  FIG. 7 illustrates an apparatus 700 that can include a housing 710 and a touch display screen 720. The user may hold the card anywhere on the touch display screen 720, and the software program executed on the device 700 is on the touch display screen 720 through touch pulses communicated via the touch transmitters 741 and 744. The direction and position of the card 740 can be detected. Photosensors 742 and 743 can be utilized to cause device 700 to communicate information back to card 740 via light. The device 700 can communicate light near the light sensors 742 and / or 743 by determining the position and orientation of the card 740 on the device 700. In so doing, for example, the device 700 can generate a light pulse, which can be hidden from the user's field of view through the card 740. One or more buttons 715 may be provided on the device 700. For example, button 715 can be utilized to turn off the display of device 700 and / or switch the display of device 700 on and off.

  FIG. 8 shows a system 800 having a device 810 having a button 815 and a touch-sensitive display 820, and a card 840 having touch transmitters 841 and 844 and light sensors 842 and 843. Software on device 810 confirms the presence of card 840 by detecting a touch pulse from card 840 and forming a status area 830 configured similar to card 840 around card 840 near card 840. be able to. The status area 830 can form a frame around the card and can therefore be longer and wider than the card. The status area 830 may be, for example, a box in which a card can enter, and thus can be longer and wider than the card. In the status area 830, for example, text information that describes the status of the process (such as “I confirmed the orientation”, “Allow transaction”, “Allow transaction, please remove the card”). Etc. can be provided. The status area 830 can change color as the processing status changes, for example. For example, the status area 830 can be a first color while a transaction is permitted and a second color after the transaction is permitted.

  FIG. 9 illustrates a touch transmitter 900 that can include a piezoelectric actuator 911, a conductive layer 912, and a dome 913. The piezoelectric actuator 911 can be coupled to a substrate 910, which can be a single layer or multilayer flexible printed circuit board. The processor can control the operational state of the piezoelectric actuator 911 to move the conductive layer 912 closer to or away from the device surface. In doing so, the processor may or may not physically touch the touch screen in order to input to the touch screen. For example, the piezoelectric actuator 911 can be retracted to a position 921 as shown in state 920. One skilled in the art understands that the conductor 912 can have a capacitance that is close to the capacitance of a finger, and the dome 913 may not be included so that the conductor 912 can physically contact the touch-sensitive display. Will do.

  FIG. 10 illustrates a touch transmitter 1000 that can include, for example, a substrate 1010 and a conductive layer 1020. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the substrate 1010 can be a single layer or multiple layer printed circuit board with printing on one or both sides of each layer. The substrate 1010 can be a flexible circuit board reinforced with an additional material (such as Kevlar). The substrate 1010 can be, for example, a single layer or multilayer flexible printed circuit board. For example, the components can be secured to the substrate 1010 using wire bonding, flip-on-flip, or another assembly process. The conductor 1020 can be, for example, a copper region provided on the surface of the substrate 1010. Accordingly, the conductor 1020 can be printed on the surface of the substrate 1010 to eliminate, for example, additional assembly efforts and reduce the cost of the touch transmitter 1000. A processor (not shown) can provide control signals to a mechanical switch (not shown) to physically connect additional conductive material or other components to the conductor 1020. By doing so, the processor can physically change the amount of capacitance that the capacitive touch screen expects on the conductor 1020. Accordingly, the processor may be coupled to the capacitive touch screen by mechanically and / or electrically coupling and separating capacitance from the conductor 1020 based on a particular coding policy (such as F2F coding). An information signal can be transmitted.

  The touch transmitter 1000 can include, for example, an electrical circuit 1050 that can electrically change the capacitance of the conductor 1020 on the substrate 1010. The electrical circuit 1050 includes, for example, a supply voltage 1051, a diode 1052, a transistor 1053, a conductor 1057 (which can be, for example, a conductor 1020), a resistor 1054, a resistor 1058, a diode 1059, a diode 1055, a ground 1056, and an input terminal 1060. Can be included. A processor (not shown) can be coupled to terminal 1060. Thus, the processor can electrically control the touch transmitter so that it can be in electrical contact without mechanical contact with the capacitive touch screen.

  For example, a capacitive touch screen is provided that can be manufactured to include a set of conductors that interact with an electric field. The human finger can include many conductive electrolytes (such as lossy dielectrics) covered with a layer of skin. The finger capacitance can vary, for example, between about 50 pF and 250 pF. The capacitance of a finger can be referred to as Cf, and the capacitance of a set of one or more touch sensors without a finger can be referred to as Cp or parasitic capacitance.

  Rectangular, square, circular, elliptical, or any shape plate can be provided. For example, a plate 1057 can be provided. The plate can be manufactured from a conductive material such as copper. The area of the plate can be configured to be narrower than, for example, the area of the touch sensor on the touch screen or a specific set of touch sensors on the touch screen. Plate 1057 can initially be given an initial capacitance of about zero or near zero (such as 5 pF or less). A transistor 1053 can be coupled to the plate 1057. The transistor 1053 can be an NPN transistor, for example. The capacitance CCE from the collector to the emitter of the transistor 1053 can be about 5 pF or less. Initially, transistor 1053 can be turned off. For example, a plate 1057 can be connected to the emitter of transistor 1053 and positioned near the touch sensor or array of touch sensors to be touched. While the transistor 1053 is off, the capacitance of the plate 1057 can be sufficiently low so that the plate 1057 does not activate the touch sensor. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the touch transmitter plate need not be in physical contact with the touch sensor. Alternatively, for example, the plate of the touch transmitter can be positioned near the touch sensor (eg, a certain amount away from the touch sensor). For example, the plate may be about 5 / 1000th to 30 / 1000th of an inch from the touch sensor (such as about 12 / 1000th to 16 / 1000th of an inch). For example, a transistor resistor 1058 and a diode 1059 can be provided to isolate the remaining capacitance of a card or other device or circuit from the transistor 1053 while the transistor 1053 is off. The transistor 1053 can also be isolated from any other parasitic capacitance (such as supply voltage and ground terminal). Similarly, traces with minimal length can be provided to reduce parasitic capacitance around transistor 1053 and plate 1057.

  The processor can apply a voltage to diode 1059 and resistor 1058 to turn on transistor 1053. Resistor 1058 can include, for example, a resistance of about 0.5k to 1.5k (eg, about 1k).

  The base of the transistor 1053 can be grounded to the ground 1056 through the diode 1055 and the resistor 1054. Resistor 1054 can include, for example, a resistance of about 7.5k to 12.5k (eg, about 10k).

  For example, a forward-biased signal diode can isolate the collector and the base of transistor 1053. For example, a diode 1052 can be provided between the supply voltage 1051 and the transistor 1053. A diode can be used to block the capacitance and bias in either the forward or reverse direction. When the capacitance is insulated from the transistor 1053, the capacitance of the plate 1057 can be controlled more accurately.

  One skilled in the art will appreciate that a diode 1059 can be provided on the left side of resistor 1058. One skilled in the art will also appreciate that a circuit 1050 can be provided that does not include resistor 1054 and diode 1055 if the source control impedance is low when not in operation. Components may be added to electrical circuit 1050, components may be removed from electrical circuit 1050, or components may be modified within electrical circuit 1050. For example, the emitter of transistor 1053 can be grounded through a diode (or other circuit component) so that a current path through transistor 1053 exists when transistor 1053 is on.

  FIG. 11 shows an apparatus 1100 that can be a touch-sensitive display screen including a GUI having a status area 1120, a logo 1130, and an optical communication area 1140. To communicate information to the card, the optical communication area 1140 can provide an optical signal to the card. Furthermore, a touch signal can be received from the card using an area in the status area 1120. A person skilled in the art can communicate both optical and touch signals using the same area (such as area 1140), or can communicate optical and touch signals using different areas. You will understand. For example, an optical signal can be communicated using the area 1140, and a touch signal can be communicated using the rest of the logo 1130. A button 1110 can be included on the device 1100, which can be a mechanical button.

  FIG. 12 shows processing flowcharts 1210, 1220 and 1230. Process 1210 can include a step 1211 where a card or other device can send a synchronized touch signal to another card or other device. This synchronization signal may include a string of specific bits of information, such as, for example, a plurality of “1” strings or a plurality of “0” strings. In step 1212, the card can receive an optical signal (or other signal such as a touch signal) indicating that the device has received and processed the synchronization signal, thereby synchronizing the device to receive the information signal. . In step 1213, the card can send an information touch signal. In step 1214, the card can send a touch signal indicating completion of the message. In step 1215, the card may receive a signal (such as an optical signal) indicating that the entire message has been received. If the message is not received correctly (eg, data is corrupted), the device can request a resend of the message via an optical signal or a touch signal. The device that receives the touch signal can then communicate information back to the card, for example, in a similar manner. In step 1212, the card can be synchronized to the expected optical pulse to be received, for example, using the returned optical signal as the optical synchronization signal.

  Process 1220 includes, for example, step 1221 of repeatedly sending an information message from one device (such as a card) to another device (such as via a touch signal, optical signal, or audio signal) (such as a mobile phone). be able to. In step 1222, a message may be received indicating that the message provided in step 1221 has been successfully received. Accordingly, the transmission of the message 1221 can be stopped in step 1223 and a new message can be repeatedly transmitted in step 1224 until it is confirmed in step 1225 that the message has been received.

  A process 1230 can also be provided, and this process 1230 can include a step 1231 of communicating identification information. Step 1232 may include receiving an acknowledgment that received the identification information. Step 1233 can include receiving identification information from another device. Steps 1234 and 1235 can be used, for example, to exchange information regarding how future data can be encoded in the communication.

  FIG. 13 shows process flowcharts 1310, 1320 and 1330. The flowchart 1310 includes a step 1311 in which the GUI (as executed on a mobile phone or portable computer) receives a touch signal from a device such as a card. The GUI can establish secure communication at step 1312 and can receive payment information at step 1313. The GUI may process the payment information at step 1314 (such as by sending data to a remote authorization server) and display a completed purchase mark at step 1315.

  A process 1320 may also be provided, which may include step 1321 where the GUI receives a touch signal. A step 1322 in which the GUI receives one or more payment card numbers may also be included. This communication may be insecure communication, for example. The GUI can receive a code based on time or usage, which can be used in step 1324 to process the card number. One skilled in the art will appreciate that purchases can be processed using additional information such as expiration dates and / or zip codes. A step 1325 may also be included where the GUI displays a mark representing the completed purchase.

  A process 1330 can also be provided, which can include step 1321 where the GUI receives a touch signal. The GUI may receive a payment card number at step 1332, a time or usage based code at step 1333, and a payment option at step 1334. For example, the payment option may be to pay for the purchase using points instead of the user's credit line. According to another example, the payment option may be to pay for the purchase in a specific number of installments. In step 1335, the data can be processed to display an indication that the purchase has been completed by the GUI. If you are a person skilled in the art, the completed purchase will include an electronic receipt display and the information will be communicated to the card (via light etc.), so the card will have an updated credit balance, point balance, or any other information It will be understood that updates can be included.

  FIG. 14 shows a card 1400 that can include a display positioned substantially over one or both sides of the card. An indicia 1450 that may include an optical communication area 1460 may be displayed. Card 1400 can include capacitive touch buttons, such as capacitive touch button 1430. Capacitive touch button 1430 may be controlled to activate, for example, a capacitive touch sensor on another card or device. Similarly, for example, a mobile phone touch screen can be provided and operated to electronically contact a capacitive touch screen of, for example, a different mobile phone (or card).

  FIG. 15 shows a card 1500 that can include a signature field 1530, displays 1520 and 1540, a dynamic magnetic stripe communication device 1510, a touch transmitter and an optical sensor 1560 on one side. A person skilled in the art instructs the touch transmitter and optical sensor to receive and communicate information from the back of the card, and the user holds the card against the display and presses a button on the card to transmit. It will be understood that it can be started. The card can include a light source (such as an LED) on its front side to indicate when communication to the display via touch is initiated, in progress, and completed.

  FIG. 16 shows a touch pulse information exchange server 1610, a card issuing server 1640, an optical pulse information exchange server 1670, a communication network 1650, a permission server 1620, a routing server 1630, a POS terminal 1660, (battery card, mobile phone or computer device). A topology 1600 is shown that may include a mobile device 1680 (such as a promotion issuance or reward management server) and any other device 1690.

  FIG. 17 illustrates an apparatus 1700 that can be, for example, a mobile phone having a touch-sensitive display 1710, a physical button 1740, and a virtual capacitive touch button 1750 on a virtual card 1720. For example, optical communication can be performed within the area 1780 of the mark 1770. One or more capacitive touch sensors can also be controlled to communicate touch pulses (eg, touch transmitter area 1780), for example.

  FIG. 18 illustrates a card 1800 that can include dynamic numbers that can be displayed, for example, in whole or in part via display 1812. The dynamic number can include an invariant portion, such as an invariant portion 1811, for example. The invariant portion 1811 may be printed on the card 1800 and may be embossed or laser etched. The card can be provided with multiple displays. For example, the display 1813 can be used to display a dynamic code such as a dynamic security code. A display 1825 can also be provided to display logos, barcodes, and multiple lines of information. The display may be a bistable display or a non-bistable display. Invariant information 1820 may also be included that may include information such as user-specific information (such as the user's name or user name) or card-specific information (such as card issue date and / or card expiration date). . The card 1800 can include one or more buttons, such as buttons 1830-1834. Such a button may be a mechanical button, a capacitive button, or a combination of a mechanical button and a capacitive button. Using a button (such as button 1830), for example, information indicating the single-track magnetic stripe information that the user wishes to communicate can be communicated through the dynamic magnetic stripe communication device. Those skilled in the art will be able to communicate information through a dynamic magnetic stripe communication device by pressing a button (such as button 1830) when the associated read head detector detects the presence of a read head of a magnetic stripe reader. You will understand. Another button (such as button 1831) is used to communicate information indicating user selection (eg, after button 1831 is pressed and after the read head detects the reader's read head) (eg, 2 Track magnetic stripe data). Multiple buttons can be provided on the card, and each button can be associated with a different user selection.

  Architecture 1850 can be utilized with any card. Architecture 1850 can include a processor 1820. The processor 1820 may have on-board memory for storing information (such as drive code). Any number of components can communicate with and / or receive communication from processor 1820. For example, one or more displays (such as display 1840) can be coupled to processor 1820. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a component can be placed between a particular component and the processor 1820. For example, a display driver circuit can be coupled between the display 1840 and the processor 1820. A memory 1843 can be coupled to the processor 1820. Memory 1843 may contain data specific to a particular card. For example, memory 1843 may store any data code associated with a button on a card (such as card 1800 in FIG. 18). Such a code can be recognized by the remote server to effect a specific action. For example, code can be stored in memory 1843 that allows promotions to be performed by a remote server (such as a remote server coupled to the card issuer's website). Memory 1843 can store the type of promotion, which the user can download to the device and select on the device for use. Each promotion can also be associated with a button. Alternatively, for example, the user can scroll through the list of promotions on the front side display of the card (eg, using a button that scrolls through the list). The user can select a payment type on card 1800 corresponding to the displayed option on display 1825 via a manual input interface. The selected information can be communicated to the magnetic stripe reader via the dynamic magnetic stripe communication device. The selected information can also be communicated to a device (such as a mobile phone) having a capacitive sensor or other type of touch sensitive sensor.

  The card 1800 can include any number of touch triggers 1826 or light sensors 1827, for example. Touch trigger 1826 can be utilized to activate and deactivate, for example, capacitive or other touch sensors on the touch screen. By doing so, a device with a touch screen can be confident that the user is physically giving physical instructions to the device when the card is actually giving physical instructions to the device. The optical sensor 1827 can be utilized to allow a display screen or other light emitting device to communicate information to the optical sensor 1827 via light.

  Architecture 1850 can include any number of reader communication devices. For example, an IC chip 1852 for communicating information to an IC chip reader can be included. The IC chip 1852 may be an EMV chip, for example. According to another example, an RFID 1851 for communicating information to an RFID reader can be included. A magnetic stripe communication device for communicating information to the magnetic stripe reader can also be included. Such a magnetic stripe communication apparatus can supply an electromagnetic signal to the magnetic stripe reader. Different electromagnetic signals can be communicated to the magnetic stripe reader to provide different tracks of data. For example, separate track information can be communicated to a magnetic stripe reader, including electromagnetic field generators 1870, 1880 and 1885. Such an electromagnetic field generator can include a coil wrapped with one or more materials (such as soft magnetic and non-magnetic materials). Each electromagnetic field generator can continuously communicate information to a magnetic stripe reader receiver for a particular magnetic stripe track. Read head detectors 1871 and 1872 can be utilized to sense the presence of a magnetic stripe reader (such as a read head housing of a magnetic stripe reader). This sensed information is communicated to processor 1820 such that processor 1820 continuously communicates information from electromagnetic field generators 1870, 1880 and 1885 to a magnetic stripe track receiver in the read head housing of the magnetic stripe reader. be able to. Therefore, the magnetic stripe communication apparatus can change the information communicated to the magnetic stripe reader at any time. The processor 1820 provides user-specific information and card-specific information to a card reader coupled to a remote information processing server (such as a purchase authorization server), for example, through RFID 1851, IC chip 1852, and electromagnetic field generators 1870, 1880, and 1885. Can communicate. The processor 1820 can utilize the drive circuit 1841 to control the electromagnetic field generators 1870, 1880, and 1885, for example.

  Architecture 1850 can also include, for example, touch transmitter 1842 and optical sensor 1843. Architecture 1850 can communicate information from touch transmitter 1842 and receive information from optical sensor 1843. The processor 1820 can communicate information through the touch transmitter 1842 and the optical sensor 1843 can determine the received information. The processor 1820 can store, for example, information in a memory for later communication via the touch transmitter 1842.

  FIG. 19 illustrates a graphical user interface (GUI) 1900 that can be displayed from any device having, for example, a fixed or portable computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a navigation system, a wristwatch, a card, or a display screen. Graphic user interface 1900 can be hosted from a server and can communicate with many additional servers. For example, this graphic user interface 1900 can be provided on a web browser or other application executed from a device to complete a purchase transaction. A GUI 1900 can be provided upon completion of purchase to communicate update information back to the card. Such information may include, for example, an update point balance, a credit balance, a loan balance, a prepaid balance, or any other update information. For example, information can be communicated via light within the optical communication area 1980. While the card is held in contact with the display, information can be communicated to the user using the status display area 1970. For example, the status display area 1970 can change color or provide a different shaped visual indicia depending on whether the update has started, is in communication, or has completed communication.

  One or more optical sensors or touch transmitters can be located on the card or other device. For example, a touch transmitter can be positioned as another touch transmitter around the opposite end of the card. For example, an optical sensor can be positioned as a touch transmitter around the opposite end of the card. The user can activate a button (such as a download button) to initiate data communication via the touch transmitter. The button may be a physical button, a capacitive touch button, or any other type of button.

  FIG. 20 shows a card 2000 that can be provided in a vertical configuration. The card 2000 can include, for example, an issuer logo 2010, a network logo 2070, a display 2050, a manual input interface 2041-2043, a touch transmitter 2020, an optical sensor 2030, invariant marks 2051, 2062, and 2063. One skilled in the art will appreciate that any invariant markings can be provided via the display 2050. For example, one or more payment card numbers, user names, expiration dates, and security codes can be provided via display 2050.

  FIG. 21 illustrates a system 2100 that can include a mobile phone 2190 and a device 2110 (such as a payment card). Device 2110 can include, for example, a display 2120 that can display a status indicating communication. A touch transmitter and / or light sensor can be provided on the opposite side of the device 2110 from the display 2120. In this way, for example, when the device 2110 is held in contact with the mobile phone 2190, it can communicate with the mobile phone 2190, but information indicating the communication state can be communicated via the display 2120.

  Device 2190 can include a housing 2191, buttons 2195, and a capacitive touch display screen 2199. Device 2110 can communicate information to, for example, mobile phone 2190 using a touch transmitter. One skilled in the art will appreciate that mobile banking applications can be utilized on the mobile phone 2190. In order to reduce fraud, the device 2110 can be used to identify individuals correctly and securely. Thus, the device 2110 can communicate identification information and a security code, such as a time-based code or a usage-based code, to the device 2190 via the display 2199. Thus, for example, a banking application accesses banking information, performs financial transactions (such as stock or option transactions), transfers money, or requests such identification information to make payments through electronic checks. be able to.

  One skilled in the art will understand that multiple touch transmitters can simultaneously communicate data to the touch screen in parallel. Similarly, for example, a plurality of photosensors can simultaneously receive data from the display screen in parallel. These pieces of information may be different or the same, for example. By communicating the same information through different touch transmitters, the device receives two messages and can confirm receipt of the communication if the two messages are the same. For example, software on the device can utilize a touch transmitter to determine the location of the device on the associated touch screen. Similarly, an optical sensor can be utilized to receive information indicating the position of the device on an associated touch screen, for example.

  FIG. 22 illustrates a system 2200 that can include an apparatus having a display screen that displays optical communication areas 2210 and 2220. Areas 2210 and 2220 can change color to communicate data, for example. The card can include a corresponding light sensor or an array of light sensors to receive data from light areas 2210 and 2220. For example, data can be specified based on a combination of colors shown in the light region. For example, specific color combinations can be associated with specific data (such as specific bits) and different color combinations can be associated with different data (such as different bits). Color combinations can be used as transitions. Such a combination of transitions can be used, for example, to indicate data separation on a card or other device. For example, two regions can be provided. If both areas are determined to be black, this can be associated with a transition. When one region is white and the other region is black, it can be determined that the information is related to one bit of information. When one area is black and the other area is white, it can be determined that the information relates to information of different bits. The fact that both areas are white can be used to signal the start and / or end of a message. A two-color scheme can be utilized. More colors than two colors can be used. Further, for example, a card or other device can receive information regardless of the color used. For example, information can be identified based on different colors. Therefore, the fact that both colors are the same can be used as information of one bit, and the fact that both colors are different can be used as information of different bits. By doing so, for example, the same communication encoding method can be used regardless of the type of display to be used (such as multi-color display or black / white or green / yellow display). Timing information can be determined using a clock. Such a clock may be a clock inside the processor. Alternatively, such a clock may be a separate clock from the processor.

  The processor may be configured to operate, for example, in the range of about 1 megahertz to 30 megahertz (eg, about 2 megahertz to 5 megahertz). Cards or other devices can be powered using a battery. Including payment batteries (such as debit cards, credit cards, prepaid cards, and / or gift cards) charged to 3 volts to 4.5 volts (eg, about 3.2 volts to 4.2 volts) Can be provided to customers (eg, mailed to customers). After charging the battery, the electronic component package can be laminated in the card. For example, a package of electronic components can be laminated into a card through a hot or cold laminating process. Laminate electronic packages in cards through injection molding processes using one or more liquid laminates that cure through light reactions, temperature reactions, pressure reactions, time-based reactions, chemical reactions, or other reactions be able to.

  A system 2230 can be included that can include a device having a display that displays an optical communication area 2240. The optical communication area 2240 can communicate information via optical pulses. Data can be continuously communicated by such light pulses. One skilled in the art will appreciate that a single light area on a device and a single light sensor or array of light sensors for this single area can be utilized regardless of screen size. . A user can place a card light sensor or an array of light sensors in contact with area 540 and receive data from area 2240 when light is pulsed onto the card. For example, information can be communicated through frequency double frequency (F2F) encoding. For example, the processor can determine transitions and use the time between these transitions as data. For example, “short” intervals can be identified as bits of one type of data (such as “0”), and “long” intervals can be identified as bits of different types of data (such as “1”). Can do. Change from one color to another (eg, black to white and white to black), or change from one particular color to another (eg, white to black, but excluding black to white) ) As a transition.

  Any type of device having a display can be used to communicate information from a card or other device via light. For example, a television, a mobile phone, a personal computer (such as a fixed computer, a portable laptop computer, or a portable tablet computer), a cash dispenser, an electronic cash register device, or any other type of electronic device. Information can be communicated via a web page, a software application, a television stream (eg, in a commercial or television program), or any other display screen or light area provided within the user interface.

  FIG. 23 shows the signal 2310 and the signal 2320. For example, signals 2310 and 2320 can be communicated from a single light area on the display to a single light sensor on a card or other device. The signal 2310 can communicate information through the length of a particular color pulse (such as white) (as in pulses 2311 and 2312) accompanied by a reference width of a different color (such as black). Alternatively, the signal 2310 can communicate information in two colors, a long period time and a short period time. For example, a white short duration time followed by a black short duration time could be one bit, and a white long duration time followed by a black long duration time (as in pulses 2313 and 2314) would be another bit. Can be a bit. The signal 2320 can communicate information over a period of time between transitions, for example, from one state (such as white) to another color state (such as black). A short duration can be one bit (such as “0”) and a long duration can be another bit (such as “1”). In doing so, frequency double frequency (F2F) encoding can be performed, for example (through pulses 2321 to 2324, etc.).

  FIG. 24 shows data streams 2410 and 2420. The data stream 2410 can include a sync pulse 2411, an information pulse 2412, and a sync pulse 2413. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the sync pulse can be provided as a string of specific bits (such as multiple "0" strings). By doing so, for example, the card can determine the time period of the transition change associated with the bit and correctly identify the information. In this way, information can be communicated via light regardless of the frame rate of the display screen that communicates information. Stream 2420 can include synchronization pulse 2421, calibration pulse 2422, message type pulse 2423, and message pulse 2424. The message type pulse can identify the type of data included in the subsequent message pulse. In doing so, for example, message pulses can be correctly identified and routed for processing. The card can utilize calibration pulses 2422 to identify more information regarding, for example, display capabilities, color display methods, backlighting attributes, and / or ambient light and optical noise. Those skilled in the art may make the calibration pulse a sync pulse so that it can be calibrated more efficiently and effectively, and the sync pulse has different specific attributes (such as color brightness or color depth). You will understand. One skilled in the art will also appreciate that black and white pulses can be utilized both on multi-color displays and on black and white displays.

  For example, many applications for communicating light to or from cards (or other devices) using light pulses can be realized. For example, the card may receive information indicating a payment card number (such as a credit card number, debit card number, prepaid card number, and / or gift card number) via light. By doing so, the payment card number can be issued remotely to the card, for example via a mobile device or portable computer. For example, if a payment card number fails or if you want to add a new product (such as a new credit product, debit product, or prepaid product) to the card, you can use the payment card via a web browser, for example Numbers can be issued remotely. A warning can be communicated via light so that the card receives the warning. The alert can instruct the card to give a specific visual alert (such as providing a flashing light or a specific sign on the display) upon receipt, at a specific time, or at a specific frequency. Such a warning may indicate a new promotion awaiting the user, for example. It is also possible to download promotions, coupons and advertisements to the card via light. The game can be played on a card, and game information can be communicated via light. For example, a casino loyalty card can receive a specific code via light, which can correspond to a game win or loss for a specific amount. This code can be used in games on the card (such as rolling a dice on the display or turning a slot machine on the display). Functions can also be added or exchanged on the card. For example, the user can use points to add functionality that allows payments for purchases through installments, postpay, debit, prepaid or credit payments. Such functions can be exchanged at the back end, for example, to eliminate the need to communicate information to the card. For example, the user can connect to the Internet and switch the function used when selecting a specific button on the card. However, in the communication of information via light, the card can provide a more functional card using this information. For example, the display information next to the button can change the display information to indicate the new function so that the user does not need to memorize the function associated with a particular button. You can also update the information on the card. For example, a user profile (such as a mile reward status) can be updated via a light pulse. Software on the card can also be updated via light pulses. The user can unlock the card by using a specific code and inputting the code to the button. It is also possible to change this code via an optical pulse. Similarly, the card can be locked until a code unknown to the user is entered into the card. This code can be communicated to the card via an optical pulse to unlock the card. Timing information (such as date and time of transmission) can also be communicated to the card so that the card can update its internal clock and resynchronize. Additional values can be stored on the card via optical information. For example, a prepaid amount or a gift amount can be added to the card. For example, when a user pays for a hotel room, the card can receive a hotel key via light. An online check-in function can be provided through the hotel reservation center, allowing the hotel to download the room key directly to the card. By doing so, the user only has to go straight to his room when he arrives at the hotel. Mileage status and / or miles can also be communicated via light. Insurance information, medical records, or other medical information can also be communicated to the card via light. Traffic information such as subway charges / tokens, train charges / tokens, ferry charges / tokens, etc. can also be added to the card via light or other wireless communication. A traffic number (such as a monthly commuter pass number) can also be added to the card via light (or sound, etc.). Individual-to-individual payments can also be made through two cards (via light sensors and light sources on the cards, etc.). Advertising can also be communicated to the card via light. For example, light can be communicated through monochromatic light. For example, a light source (such as an LED) on a card or other device can communicate information to another card or device by turning it on and off in a pattern that other devices can identify. The device can receive information using different optical communication schemes. The processor of the device that receives a particular scheme can use the knowledge about each scheme to determine which scheme is being used. By doing so, the processor can identify, for example, the type of device that is transmitting the communication. In this way, for example, the card can identify when it is receiving information from the card or non-card device. Different types of devices can have different types of handshaking and security. Thus, for example, the device can utilize different types of applications (such as payment applications) based on the security level of the communication.

  Application code can be programmed into the card or other device prior to laminating the package of electronic components within the card. The card or other device may receive payment card information (such as a credit card number, debit card number, prepaid card number, and / or gift card number) after the electronic component package is laminated within the card. it can. In so doing, for example, cards can be laminated and personalized using different facilities.

  FIG. 25 shows a color encoding scheme 2500. The color encoding scheme 2500 can be implemented, for example, with a light source that can generate multiple colors of light. The optical sensor can detect, for example, each color of light generated by such a light source, and can identify information being communicated based on, for example, the detected color of light. Thus, for example, each color of light can represent a characteristic (such as a wavelength) that the optical sensor can detect and communicate to the processor. In doing so, changes in the properties of the light (such as changes in the color and / or intensity of the generated light) can be used to communicate data from the light source to the processor.

  A data sequence may be associated with a color and / or color transition so that several data bits (such as two) can be communicated based on the particular color and / or color transition generated. Thus, for example, a data sequence can be encoded based on the color of light that the light source can initially generate and the color of light that can be generated after the color of light that was initially generated.

  The color encoding scheme 2500 shows multiple colors (such as six colors) that a light source can generate. The light source can also generate other colors (such as black and white). Each color and / or color transition is encoded with, for example, a bit sequence to detect each color and / or each color transition detected by the light sensor and associated processor. Can be decoded into its associated data sequence. Thus, for example, according to the color encoding scheme 800, after generating a first light frame having a first color, a second light frame having a second color is generated (a 4-bit Multiple data bits (such as data) can be communicated. By doing so, for example, 4-bit data can be communicated by generating two colors of light in two adjacent frames.

  For example, the light source communicates any data sequence by first generating a start sequence (such as generating a white pulse after a black pulse, or generating a black pulse after a white pulse). can do. For example, the next color generated by the light source may represent the first two data bits communicated by the light source, as indicated by columns 2504-2510 in row 2512. Thus, for example, if a “green” color is generated after the start sequence, the light source can communicate a data sequence 2504 (such as “00”), and if a “blue” color is generated after the start sequence, the light source Can communicate a data sequence 2506 (such as “01”), and if a “cyan” color is generated after the start sequence, the light source can communicate a data sequence 2508 (such as “10”); If a “magenta” color is generated after the start sequence, the light source can communicate a data sequence 2510 (such as “11”).

  According to the color encoding scheme 2500, subsequent data bits can be communicated based on, for example, the color transitions indicated by the light source. Thus, for example, column 2502 can indicate the current color that the light source is generating, based on the transition from one of the colors in column 2502 to the next color (such as the next two data bits). The next data bit can be encoded. According to one example, if the light source produces a “cyan” color after the start sequence, it can be encoded as a data sequence 2508 (such as “10”) from row 2512. If the color then transitions from “cyan” to “green”, it can be encoded as a data sequence 2510 (such as “11”) as indicated by row 2514. If the color then transitions from “green” to “yellow”, it can be encoded as a data sequence 2510 (such as “11”) as indicated by row 2516. By doing so, for example, each color transition from the current color to the next color can be encoded as a plurality of data bits (such as two data bits), and two data bits can be encoded for each color change. can do.

  Instead of using color, light intensity can also be used. Thus, for example, the color encoding scheme 2500 can be replaced with a light intensity encoding scheme, which allows data to be encoded using light intensity instead of color. In doing so, for example, a single color (such as “red”) can be used as a carrier, and the luminance of this carrier can be used to encode the carrier with actual data. In doing so, the data can be encoded using multiple light intensities (such as six different luminance levels). One skilled in the art will appreciate that more colors (or intensities) result in more data bits, which can be encoded for each frame of light generated by the light source. One skilled in the art will further understand that variations in data communication speed between the light source and the light sensor can be tolerated because color transitions (or intensity transitions) can be used to indicate data boundaries. . In addition, since all color transitions (or intensity transitions) may not be effective, the color encoding scheme 800 (or intensity encoding scheme) can also provide some error correction.

  FIG. 26 illustrates a system 2600 that can include a device 2602 having a display 2610 and a card (or other device) 2604 having a light sensor 2606 and a status indicator 2608. Apparatus 2602 can include, for example, display 2610, which can generate light (such as a pulse of light 2612) from any portion thereof. The optical sensor 2606 can detect light (such as a pulse of light 2612) generated by the display 2610, for example. A status indicator 2608 (such as an LED) can generate status information regarding data communicated via the light pulse 2612, for example. Thus, for example, the processor of the card 2604 can determine whether an optical pulse 2612 has been detected, and can further decode the optical pulse 2612 as data communicated by the device 2602 to the card 2604. In doing so, for example, the processor can generate a state in which optical pulse 2612 is detected and / or a state in which optical pulse 2612 is decoded into communication data, and status indicator 2608 can indicate this state (eg, data communication and If the data is successfully decoded, LED 2608 can produce green light 2614). A status indicator 2608 (such as an LED) is provided as, for example, a backward-facing LED to indicate communication status on the surface 2618 of the card 2604 (eg, through the card 2604) while the card 2604 on the opposite surface of the card 2604. And data communication between the device 2602 can be performed.

  The optical sensor 2606 (and other electronic components) can be electrically and / or mechanically coupled to a printed circuit board of the card 2604, for example, to form an electronic assembly. Such an electronic assembly can be encapsulated by an injection molding process (such as an injection molding process based on the reaction of two materials or one material). For example, silicon-based material or polyurethane-based material can be injected and cured (using temperature reaction, light reaction, pressure reaction, time-based reaction and / or chemical reaction, etc.) to form an electronic component package can do. This package of electronic components (and other components of the card 2604) can be sandwiched between laminate layers (such as a layer of polymer laminate) so that both sides of the card 2604 can be formed by a layer of laminate. Materials can be injected between such polymer layers by an injection process. In the injection process, for example, a package of electronic components is placed on one polymer layer, one or more injection laminate materials are injected over the electronic component package, and then the one or more liquid injections are performed. Different polymer layers can be placed over the package of electronic components covered by the laminate. The reaction can then occur and the structure can be cured in the card.

  Electronic component packages are formed through lamination processes in other structures such as, for example, mobile phones, portable tablet computers, portable laptop computers, watches, any other kind of electronic device, or any part of any electronic device. be able to. The optical sensor 2606 may sense the light pulse 2612 even when embedded below, for example, one or more layers of laminate material. A mark can be printed on the card. The area that can block the light to the light sensor can be printed in a bright color, for example. Alternatively, the printing ink / material may not be placed on the photosensor so that the photosensor can receive light without being blocked by the printing ink / material. One or more photosensors can be provided on one side of the card, and one or more touch transmitters can be provided on the opposite side of the card. It is also possible to provide one or more light sensors on the same side of the card as one or more touch transmitters. One or more light sources can be placed on the same or different surface as the one or more light sensors. When placing the photosensor on a different surface than the light source, the user holds the photosensor side of the card against the display and through one or more photosensors (or displays) on the backside of the card ( Visual communication that action has been taken (communication has not started yet, communication has started, communication is being processed, communication has been completed, communication has failed, communication has been completed successfully, etc.) You can receive an indication.

  The optical sensor 2606 can sense a signal in a wide frequency band, for example. For example, the device 2602 may refresh the display 2610 at a specific rate (such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz) so that the light sensor 2606 can detect refresh rate noise. According to another example, the display 2610 provides backlighting that can be controlled (eg, modulated pulse width) at another frequency rate (eg, hundreds of thousands to thousands of Hz), so that the light sensor 2606 is backlit. Control noise can be detected. According to yet another example, display 2610 exhibits a scroll refresh rate at which the pixels of display 910 can be refreshed in a left-to-right, top-to-bottom sequence, thereby affecting the color or intensity of light pulse 2612. it can. Thus, for example, the processor of card 2604 can execute an application (such as a digital signal processing application) that can be used to eliminate (eg, filter out) the effects of such noise.

  The optical sensor 2606 can detect light pulses 2612 at various distances 2616. For example, the display 2610 can generate a high intensity light pulse so that the distance 2616 can be maximized (eg, the card 2604 is further away from the display 2610 to detect a relatively high intensity light pulse 2612). Can be held). Alternatively, for example, the display 2610 can generate a low intensity light pulse so that the distance 2616 can be minimized (eg, to detect the relatively low intensity light pulse 2612, the card 2604 can be Can be held close together). The distance 2616 can also be reduced by ambient light (eg, light not generated by the display 2610) to allow detection of the light pulse 2612 (eg, holding the card 2604 closer to the display 2610 in the presence of ambient light). May need to).

  A user can determine, for example, using status indicator 2608 whether distance 2616 is appropriate to support reliable data communication between device 2602 and card 2604. Thus, for example, if the distance 2616 is too long to support reliable data communication, a status indicator 2608 (such as an LED) can indicate such status (eg, illuminate red light). Alternatively, for example, if distance 2616 is suitable to support reliable data communication, status indicator 2608 (such as an LED) can indicate such status (eg, illuminate green light). . By doing so, for example, the user of the card 2604 can obtain the communication status from the status indicator 2608 and fit the card 2604 within the allowable communication distance 2616 of the device 2602.

  The processor can determine the color by receiving one or more samples of light within a particular wavelength range. Multiple samples can be averaged together during the sampling interval to determine the average wavelength or other characteristic (such as intensity) and the average characteristic over this period of time can be used in the calculation of the determination. A specific number of samples (such as two, three, four, five or more) can be taken and averaged together, and the processor can make a decision using the average value of these samples.

  FIG. 27 illustrates a system 2700 that can include a light source 2702, a card (or other device) 2704 having a light sensor 2706, and a reflective device 2712. The light source 2702 can provide, for example, a light pulse 2710 that can be detected by the light sensor 2706 as a reflected light pulse 2708. Thus, for example, the optical sensor 2706 of the card 2704 can receive communication data from a device that can use a projection medium (such as a projection TV). Other light sources, for example, generate ambient light 2714 that can be detected by the optical sensor 2706. Thus, for example, the processor of card 2704 uses filtering (such as a digital signal processing algorithm) to eliminate the effects of ambient light 2714 and more accurately detect and decode the data encoded in light pulse 2708. Can be able to.

  One skilled in the art will also appreciate that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Rather, the present invention more generally involves dynamic information. One skilled in the art will also appreciate that the apparatus of the present invention can be implemented in ways other than those described herein. All such modifications are within the scope of the invention and are limited only by the following claims.

100: card 111: unchanged part 112: display 113: display 119: unchanged information 120: processor 125: display 126: touch transmitter 127: light sensor 130: button 131: button 132: button 133: button 134: button 140: display 141: Drive circuit 142: Touch transmitter 143: Optical sensor 144: Memory 150: Architecture 151: RFID
152: IC chip 170: Electromagnetic field generator 171: Read head detector 172: Read head detector 180: Electromagnetic field generator 185: Electromagnetic field generator

Claims (42)

A processor;
Memory,
A touch transmitter that electrically communicates information stored in the memory to a touch-sensitive screen via a control signal received from the processor;
A card characterized by comprising: The information is payment information;
The card according to claim 1. The touch transmitter includes a transistor coupled to a conductive plate, and the processor deactivates the transistor to reduce a capacitance of the conductive plate below a capacitance threshold;
The card according to claim 1. The touch transmitter includes a transistor coupled to a conductive plate, and the processor activates the transistor to increase a capacitance of the conductive plate above a capacitance threshold;
The card according to claim 1. The touch transmitter includes a transistor having an isolation circuit coupled between a control terminal of the transistor and the processor;
The card according to claim 1. A card containing a touch transmitter,
A device including a touch-sensitive screen;
The touch transmitter communicates information from the card to the device via the touch-sensitive screen.
A system characterized by that. The information is payment information;
The system according to claim 6. The information is payment information used by the device to complete a purchase transaction;
The system according to claim 6. The information is authentication information;
The system according to claim 6. The information is authentication information used by the device to authorize functions performed by the device;
The system according to claim 6.   The system of claim 6, wherein the touch-sensitive screen includes a predetermined location for receiving the communicated information.   The system of claim 6, wherein any portion of the touch-sensitive screen receives the communicated information. The touch-sensitive screen includes a status indicator that indicates a status of the communicated information;
The system according to claim 6. The touch-sensitive screen includes a status indicator that indicates a status of the communicated information, the status indicator indicating whether the communicated information has been received;
The system according to claim 6. The touch-sensitive screen includes a status indicator that indicates a status of the communicated information, the status indicator indicating whether the communicated information is valid;
The system according to claim 6. Placing a card in the device;
Simulating a touch with the card;
Detecting the simulated contact by the device;
Storing the detection in the device as data communicated to the device by the card;
A method comprising the steps of: Simulating a touch includes increasing a capacitance of a conductive plate of the card above a capacitance threshold;
The method according to claim 16. The communicated data is payment information used by the device to complete a purchase transaction;
The method according to claim 16. The communicated data is authentication information used by the device to authorize functions performed by the device;
The method according to claim 16.   The method of claim 16, further comprising providing feedback from the device indicating the state of the detection. A processor;
Memory,
An optical sensor for receiving an optical signal;
The processor can decode the optical signal, store the decoded information in a memory, and can encode the received optical signal at double frequency (F2F).
A card characterized by that. The optical sensor detects a plurality of colors of the received optical signal;
The card according to claim 21, wherein: The optical sensor detects a plurality of colors of the received optical signal, and the processor can decode the detected plurality of colors into the decoded information;
The card according to claim 21, wherein: The light sensor detects a color transition between the received light signals;
The card according to claim 21, wherein: The optical sensor detects a color transition between the received optical signals, and the processor can decode the detected color transition into the decoded information;
The card according to claim 21, wherein: The optical sensor detects a plurality of intensities of the received optical signal;
The card according to claim 21, wherein: The optical sensor detects a plurality of intensities of the received optical signal, and the processor can decode the detected intensities into the decoded information;
The card according to claim 21, wherein: A card including a first optical sensor;
An apparatus for generating an optical signal;
The card receives information from the device via the optical signal detected by the first optical sensor;
A system characterized by that. The card includes a processor that decodes the information from a time period of the detected optical signal;
30. The system of claim 28. The card includes a processor that decodes the information from a time period between the detected optical signals;
30. The system of claim 28. The card includes a processor that decodes the information from the color of the detected optical signal;
30. The system of claim 28.   29. The system of claim 28, wherein the card includes a processor that decodes the information from the detected optical signal strength. The card further comprises a second photosensor, and receives information from the device via the optical signal detected by the first and second photosensors;
30. The system of claim 28. Generating light pulses from the device;
Detecting the light pulse by a card;
Decoding the detected light pulse as information communicated from the device to the card;
A method comprising the steps of: The optical sensor of the card detects a time period of the light pulse, and the processor of the card decodes the detected time period into the information;
35. The method of claim 34. The optical sensor of the card detects a time period between the light pulses, and the processor of the card decodes the detected time period into the information;
35. The method of claim 34. The light sensor of the card detects the color of the light pulse, and the processor of the card decodes the detected color into the information;
35. The method of claim 34. The light sensor of the card detects a color transition between the light pulses, and the processor of the card decodes the detected color transition into the information;
35. The method of claim 34. The optical sensor of the card detects the intensity of the light pulse, and the processor of the card decodes the detected intensity into the information;
35. The method of claim 34. The first and second optical sensors of the card detect the intensity of the optical pulse, and the processor of the card decodes the detected optical pulse into the information;
35. The method of claim 34. Processor means;
Memory means;
Touch transmitter means for electrically communicating information stored in the memory means to a touch-sensitive screen via a control signal received from the processor;
A card characterized by comprising: Processor means;
Memory means;
An optical sensor means for receiving an optical signal;
The processor means can decode the optical signal, store the decoded information in the memory means, and can encode the received optical signal at double frequency (F2F).
A card characterized by that.

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