JP2016138306A - Low yield ratio steel plate for building and production method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low yield ratio steel plate for building having a low yield ratio and enabling an HAZ (Heat-Affected Zone) to be made highly tough, and a production method therefor.SOLUTION: A slab which contains, by mass%, C:0.08 to 0.12%, Si:0.03 to 0.50%, Mn:1.00 to 2.00%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.0100%, Al:over 0.005% and 0.080 or less, Ti:0.0005 to 0.020%, Cr:0.10 to 0.50%, Nb:0.005 to 0.100%, Ca:0.0003 to 0.0200%, N:0.0010 to 0.0090%, O≤0.0025%, Cu≤0.05%, Ni≤0.10%, Mo≤0.05%, V≤0.100%, B≤0.0020% and the balance Fe with impurities, Ca and O satisfying 0.50≤Ca/O≤1.30, and in which CaO AlO-based inclusion having particle diameter of 0.5 to 5.0 μm is dispersed and average of aspect ratio of the inclusion is 1.9 or less, is heated at 1050 to 1200°C, rolled in such a way that a rolling finishing temperature is 750 to 830°C, and cooled to 300°C or less at an average cooling rate of 5 to 20°C/s to obtain a low yield ratio steel plate for building having a tensile strength of 550 MPa and a yield ratio of 80% or less.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a low yield ratio steel sheet for construction and a method for producing the same.

  The steel sheet for construction is required to have a low yield ratio with the transition from the elastic design (allowable stress design) to the ultimate strength design based on the new seismic design standard enforced in June 1981. In order to achieve a low yield ratio of a steel sheet, generally, a method of making the steel metal structure into a dual phase, that is, a soft phase (usually ferrite) governing yield and a hard to ensure tensile strength. Methods for forming phases (such as pearlite, bainite and martensite) are widely used. For example, in the method for producing a low yield ratio high strength steel disclosed in Patent Document 1, the steel after hot rolling and quenching is reheated to a two-phase temperature range of ferrite and austenite. Then, after the reheated steel is cooled at a cooling rate equal to or higher than air cooling, a tempering treatment is performed.

  On the other hand, in recent years, super high heat input welding is used when manufacturing a structural member of a building structure (for example, a four-sided BOX column). For this reason, the request | requirement with respect to the toughness improvement of a welding heat affected zone (henceforth HAZ) is also severe. That is, in the steel sheet for building used as the above-mentioned constituent member, not only a low yield ratio of the steel sheet (base material) but also high HAZ toughness is required.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-219002

  From the viewpoint of chemical composition, lowering the C content makes it possible to improve the weldability and increase the toughness of the HAZ. However, on the other hand, by increasing the C content, not only the two-phase organization becomes easy, but also the hard phase can be hardened. This facilitates a reduction in the yield ratio of the steel sheet. In other words, if the C content is lowered to increase the toughness of the HAZ, it is difficult to reduce the yield ratio of the steel sheet. If the C content is increased to reduce the yield ratio of the steel sheet, the toughness of the HAZ deteriorates. For this reason, it is difficult to achieve both a low yield ratio and high HAZ toughness by simply adjusting the C content.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a low yield ratio steel sheet for construction which can have a low yield ratio and can increase the toughness of a weld heat affected zone, and a method for producing the same. Objective.

  The present inventors have obtained the following findings (a) to (f) as a result of repeated studies to solve the above problems.

  (A) In order to achieve both a low yield ratio of the steel plate (base material) and a high toughness of the HAZ, it is preferable to limit the C content to an appropriate range. Specifically, the C content is limited to a range of 0.08 to 0.12%. However, by simply limiting the C content to the above range, it is not possible to sufficiently achieve a low yield ratio and high HAZ toughness of the steel sheet.

  (B) Inclusions in the steel greatly affect the toughness of the HAZ. Specifically, TiN in steel has the effect of improving the toughness of HAZ. However, as the solid solution Ti increases, the toughness of the HAZ decreases. For this reason, it is necessary to fix Ti by containing N. However, if N is also present in the steel as solute N, similarly to Ti, the toughness of HAZ is reduced.

(C) Al acts as a deoxidizer and is present in the steel as Al ₂ O ₃ . However, Al ₂ O ₃ lowers the toughness of the steel plate (base material) and HAZ. Since Al ₂ O ₃ can be detoxified by Ca, it is possible to suppress a reduction in the toughness of the steel sheet and HAZ by containing Ca in the steel.

  (D) Structure control is important for reducing the yield ratio of the steel sheet, and it is necessary to sufficiently generate ferrite. For this purpose, it is important to suppress the formation of bainite and martensite so that the steel sheet is not overheated during cooling after completion of rolling. Specifically, it is necessary to design a component that suppresses the formation of bainite and martensite, that is, to limit the contents of Cu, Ni, and Mo that are quenching promoting elements.

  (E) From the viewpoint of the production method, the yield ratio of the steel sheet is lowered by rolling in the non-recrystallized region to increase the number of ferrite nuclei and slowing the cooling rate so as not to cause excessive firing. it can. In addition, by performing rolling in a non-recrystallized region at a relatively low temperature, an effect of eliminating or shortening the waiting time until the start of cooling after completion of rolling can be obtained.

  (F) However, the yield ratio is influenced not only by the amount of ferrite produced but also by the size of the crystal grains. When the plate thickness is large, the crystal grains become large, so that it is easy to achieve a low yield ratio even if the amount of ferrite produced is small. On the other hand, since the crystal grains are small when the plate thickness is small, a low yield ratio cannot be realized unless the amount of ferrite produced is small.

  This invention is made | formed based on the said knowledge, and makes a summary the following low yield ratio steel plates for construction, and its manufacturing method.

(1) The chemical composition of the steel plate having a plate thickness of 16 to 100 mm is mass%,
C: 0.08 to 0.12%,
Si: 0.03-0.50%,
Mn: 1.00 to 2.00%,
P: 0.020% or less,
S: 0.0100% or less,
Al: more than 0.005% and 0.080% or less,
Ti: 0.0005 to 0.020%,
Cr: 0.10 to 0.50%,
Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%,
Ca: 0.0003 to 0.0200%,
N: 0.0010 to 0.0090%,
O: 0.0025% or less,
Cu: 0.05% or less,
Ni: 0.10% or less,
Mo: 0.05% or less,
V: 0 to 0.100%,
B: 0 to 0.0020%,
Balance: Fe and impurities,
Ca and O satisfy the following formula (i):
CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm are dispersed in the steel sheet,
The average value of the aspect ratio of inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm is 1.9 or less,
The metal structure of the steel sheet consists of a hard phase harder than ferrite and ferrite,
When the plate thickness is 16 mm or more and less than 25 mm, the area ratio of ferrite having an aspect ratio of crystal grains of less than 3 in the metal structure satisfies the following formula (ii):
When the plate thickness is 25 mm or more and 100 mm or less, the area ratio of ferrite having an aspect ratio of crystal grains of less than 3 in the metal structure satisfies the following formula (iii):
A low yield ratio steel sheet for building having a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 80% or less.
0.50 ≦ Ca / O ≦ 1.30 (i)
100 ≧ A _SF ≧ 355 × exp (−0.085 × t) (ii)
240 × exp (−0.035 × t) ≧ A _SF ≧ 355 × exp (−0.085 × t) (iii)
However, in formula (i), Ca and O represents the content by mass percent of the respective elements, (ii) expression and (iii) in formula, A _SF area ratio of the ferrite having an aspect ratio of less than 3 ( %), And t represents the plate thickness (mm).

(2) The chemical composition is mass%,
V: 0.050-0.100% and B: 0.0003-0.0020%
The low yield ratio steel sheet for construction according to the above (1), which contains one or more selected from the above.

(3) A method for producing a low yield ratio steel sheet for building having a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 80% or less,
Chemical composition is mass%,
C: 0.08 to 0.12%,
Si: 0.03-0.50%,
Mn: 1.00 to 2.00%,
P: 0.020% or less,
S: 0.0100% or less,
Al: more than 0.005% and 0.080% or less,
Ti: 0.0005 to 0.020%,
Cr: 0.10 to 0.50%,
Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%,
Ca: 0.0003 to 0.0200%,
N: 0.0010 to 0.0090%,
O: 0.0025% or less,
Cu: 0.05% or less,
Ni: 0.10% or less,
Mo: 0.05% or less,
V: 0 to 0.100%,
B: 0 to 0.0020%,
Balance: Fe and impurities,
Ca and O satisfy the following formula (i):
CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm are dispersed,
A heating step of heating a slab having an average aspect ratio of 1.9 or less of inclusions having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 5.0 μm to 1050 to 1200 ° C .;
A rolling step of rolling the slab after heating to obtain a rolled material by rolling the slab to a rolling finishing temperature of 750 to 830 ° C, and cooling the rolled material to 300 ° C or lower at an average cooling rate of 5 to 20 ° C / s. A cooling process,
The manufacturing method of the low yield ratio steel sheet for buildings whose time from the completion of rolling in the rolling process to the start of cooling in the cooling process is 30 s or less.
0.50 ≦ Ca / O ≦ 1.30 (i)
However, in the formula (i), Ca and O indicate the content of each element in mass%.

(4) The manufacturing method of the low yield ratio steel sheet for building according to (3), further comprising a tempering step of tempering at 450 ° C. or lower after the cooling step.

(5) The chemical composition of the slab is mass%,
V: 0.05 to 0.100%, and B: 0.0003 to 0.0020%
The manufacturing method of the low yield-ratio steel plate for construction of said (3) or (4) containing 1 or more types selected from.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the low yield ratio steel plate for construction in which the yield ratio is low and the toughness of a welding heat affected zone can be obtained is obtained.

  Hereinafter, a low yield ratio steel sheet for construction (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a steel sheet) and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, the steel plate which concerns on this invention is a steel plate for construction, and tensile strength is high enough and a yield ratio is low enough. Further, the steel sheet according to the present invention has a thickness suitable for construction. Specifically, the steel sheet according to the present invention has a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 80% or less. Moreover, the thickness of the steel plate which concerns on this invention shall be 16-100 mm. In the following description, the base material and HAZ mean the base material and HAZ in a welded structure made of a steel plate according to the present invention.

1. First, the chemical composition of the low yield ratio steel sheet for construction and the slab used in the production thereof will be described. In the following description, “%” indicating the content of each element means “mass%”.

C: 0.08 to 0.12%
In the steel material used for construction, as described above, a low yield ratio of the base material and a high toughness of the HAZ are required. Therefore, in the present invention, the C content is limited. When the C content is less than 0.08%, the yield ratio increases, and when the C content exceeds 0.12%, the toughness of the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, the C content is 0.08 to 0.12%. The preferable lower limit of the C content is 0.09%, and the preferable upper limit is 0.11%.

Si: 0.03-0.50%
Si is contained for preliminary deoxidation and strength improvement. In order to obtain these effects, the Si content needs to be 0.03% or more. However, if the Si content exceeds 0.50%, weldability and HAZ toughness deteriorate. Therefore, the Si content is 0.03% to 0.50%. In order to obtain the above-described effects more reliably, the Si content is preferably set to 0.10% or more. In order to ensure sufficient HAZ toughness, the Si content is preferably set to 0.30% or less.

Mn: 1.00 to 2.00%
Mn is an element indispensable for ensuring the strength and toughness of the base material and the HAZ. In order to acquire said effect, it is necessary to make Mn content 1.00% or more. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 2.00%, the toughness of the HAZ deteriorates, and the center segregation of the slab is promoted to deteriorate the weldability. For this reason, Mn content shall be 1.00 to 2.00%. The minimum with preferable Mn content is 1.20%, and a preferable upper limit is 1.70%.

P: 0.020% or less P is present as an impurity in steel. When the P content exceeds 0.020%, the center segregation of the slab is promoted, the mechanical properties such as the toughness of the base material and the HAZ are deteriorated, and the HAZ grain boundary fracture may be caused. Therefore, the P content is 0.020% or less.

S: 0.0100% or less S is present as an impurity in steel. If the S content exceeds 0.0100%, the center segregation of the slab is promoted or a large amount of stretched MnS is generated. Thereby, mechanical properties such as the toughness of the base material and the HAZ are deteriorated. Moreover, since affinity with Ca which will be described later is large and CaS is generated, generation of an appropriate composite oxide is inhibited. Therefore, the S content is 0.0100% or less. The S content is preferably less than 0.0050%, and more preferably less than 0.0010%.

Al: more than 0.005% and 0.080% or less Al is one of important elements that act as a deoxidizer. When the Al content is 0.005% or less, the deoxidation action is insufficient and Ti oxide is generated. In this case, TiN described later cannot be sufficiently generated, and the toughness of the HAZ cannot be sufficiently improved. On the other hand, when the Al content exceeds 0.080%, Al dissolved in the steel increases. In this case, in the cooling process after welding, precipitation of cementite from retained austenite is suppressed, and island martensite increases. Thereby, the toughness of a base material and HAZ falls. Therefore, the Al content is more than 0.005% and 0.080% or less. Al is preferably contained in an amount exceeding 0.020%. The upper limit with preferable Al content is 0.060%.

In addition, when Al is contained in molten steel, it acts as a deoxidizer and produces Al ₂ O ₃ . Al ₂ O ₃ forms clusters in the molten steel. The clusters are separated at the time of rolling, and the separated clusters may exist in a row of dots in the steel sheet. In this case, the above-described clusters that exist in a row of dots become crack initiation points, and the toughness of the base material deteriorates. Further, Al ₂ O ₃ is a stable oxide, so it does not change even by welding and finally remains in the HAZ. For this reason, the toughness of the HAZ also deteriorates. In this regard, in the present invention, since Ca is contained as described later, CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions are generated in the steel. Thereby, it can prevent that the above-mentioned cluster becomes a crack starting point. Therefore, in this invention, Al can be contained exceeding 0.005%.

Ti: 0.0005 to 0.020%
Ti precipitates as TiN in the steel, suppresses the coarsening of austenite grains in the HAZ, and improves toughness by becoming the core of ferrite transformation. In order to obtain this effect, it is necessary to contain 0.0005% or more of Ti. On the other hand, if the Ti content exceeds 0.020%, the solid solution Ti increases and the toughness of the HAZ decreases. Therefore, the Ti content is set to 0.0005 to 0.020%. The preferable lower limit of the Ti content is 0.0010%, and the preferable upper limit is 0.015%.

Cr: 0.10 to 0.50%
Cr has the effect of increasing the hardenability of the steel sheet. In order to acquire this effect, it is necessary to contain Cr 0.10% or more. On the other hand, if the Cr content exceeds 0.50%, the toughness of the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, the Cr content is 0.10 to 0.50%. The minimum with preferable Cr content is 0.15%, and a preferable upper limit is 0.40%.

Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%
Nb has the effect of improving the mechanical properties of the base material by refining the structure of the base material. In order to acquire this effect, it is necessary to contain Nb 0.005% or more. On the other hand, if the Nb content exceeds 0.100%, the toughness of the base material and the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, the Nb content is 0.005 to 0.100%. The minimum with preferable Nb content is 0.010%, and a preferable upper limit is 0.080%.

Ca: 0.0003 to 0.0200%
Ca is one of the most important elements in the steel sheet of the present invention. Ca acts as a deoxidizer and is an element necessary for forming CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions in steel. In the present invention, spheroidization of inclusions can be promoted by strictly controlling the content of Ca together with Al and O (oxygen). Thereby, the stress concentration on the inclusions and the surrounding structure can be relaxed, and the toughness of the base material and the HAZ can be improved. In order to acquire these effects, it is necessary to contain 0.0003% or more of Ca. On the other hand, if the Ca content exceeds 0.0200%, the cleanliness of the steel decreases, and the toughness of the base material and the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, the Ca content is set to 0.0003 to 0.0200%. The minimum with preferable Ca content is 0.0010%, and a preferable upper limit is 0.0150%.

N: 0.0010 to 0.0090%
N is an extremely important element in the present invention. N precipitates TiN and has the effect of promoting intragranular ferrite formation during cooling after welding and improving HAZ toughness. In order to acquire this effect, it is necessary to contain N 0.0010% or more. On the other hand, if the N content exceeds 0.0090%, the solid solution N increases and the toughness of the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, the N content is 0.0010 to 0.0090%. N is preferably contained in excess of 0.0040%, and more preferably contained in excess of 0.0060%. The upper limit with preferable N content is 0.0080%.

O (oxygen): 0.0025% or less O, like Ca, is one of the most important elements in the present invention. O affects not only the spheroidization of inclusions but also the number (dispersion state) and particle size of inclusions. When the O content exceeds 0.0025%, coarse oxides are formed, and the number of inclusions increases more than necessary, thereby deteriorating the cleanliness of the base material. Thereby, the toughness of the base material deteriorates. Therefore, the O content is 0.0025% or less. In general, the smaller the amount of O, the better. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a lower limit, but there is an industrial limit to the reduction of O. Therefore, the O content is preferably 0.0010% or more from the viewpoint of cost reduction.

Among the above elements, the contents of Ca and O are further limited as follows.
Ca / O: 0.50 to 1.30
In the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions produced in the molten steel, when CaO and Al ₂ O ₃ coexist almost 1: 1, the melting point of the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions is below the molten steel temperature. Become. Thereby, CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions are liquefied. At this time, surface tension acts on the CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions. As a result, CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions become spherical. That is, the aspect ratio (major axis / minor axis) of the inclusion can be made close to 1. However, when the value of “Ca / O” is less than 0.50, Al ₂ O ₃ becomes too much than CaO. On the other hand, when the value of “Ca / O” exceeds 1.30, CaO becomes too much than Al ₂ O ₃ . In these cases, the melting point of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions exceeds molten steel temperature, spheroidization of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ based inclusions becomes difficult. Therefore, in order to spheroidize the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions using the above-described surface tension, the value of “Ca / O” needs to be 0.50 to 1.30. From the viewpoint of promoting spheroidization, the preferable lower limit of the value of “Ca / O” is 0.63, and the preferable upper limit is 1.13.

Cu: 0.05% or less Cu is present as an impurity in steel. On the other hand, Cu has the effect which contributes to the improvement of hardenability. If the Cu content exceeds 0.05%, the hardenability of the steel sheet becomes excessively high, and the toughness of the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, even when contained as an impurity, the upper limit of the Cu content is limited to 0.05%.

Ni: 0.10% or less Ni is present as an impurity in the steel. On the other hand, Ni has an effect which contributes to the improvement of hardenability. If the Ni content exceeds 0.10%, the hardenability of the steel becomes excessively high and the toughness of the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, even when contained as an impurity, the upper limit of the Ni content is limited to 0.10%.

Mo: 0.05% or less Mo is present as an impurity in the steel. On the other hand, Mo has the effect which contributes to the improvement of hardenability. If the Mo content exceeds 0.05%, the hardenability of the steel becomes excessively high and the HAZ toughness deteriorates. Therefore, even when contained as an impurity, the upper limit of the Mo content is limited to 0.05%.

  In addition to the above elements, the steel plate according to the present invention may contain one or more selected from V and B shown below, if necessary.

V: 0 to 0.100%
V improves the strength of the base material mainly by precipitating carbonitride during tempering. However, if the V content exceeds 0.100%, the toughness of the base material deteriorates. Therefore, when V is included, the V content is 0.100% or less. In order to surely obtain the above effect, it is preferable to contain 0.050% or more of V.

B: 0 to 0.0020%
B improves hardenability and improves the mechanical properties of the base material and HAZ. However, if the B content exceeds 0.0020%, the toughness of the base material and the HAZ deteriorates. Therefore, the B content when contained is set to 0.0020% or less. In order to reliably obtain the above effect, it is preferable to contain B by 0.0003% or more.

  The steel plate according to the present invention and the slab used in the production method according to the present invention contain the above-described elements, and the balance is composed of Fe and impurities. “Impurity” means a component that is mixed due to raw materials and other factors such as ore and scrap when industrially producing steel.

2. Dispersion state of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions (number per unit area)
In the steel sheet according to the present invention, CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm need to be dispersed. Therefore, similarly, it is preferable that CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm are dispersed and present in the slab used for the production of the steel sheet. When the inclusion is non-circular, the major axis is the particle diameter of the inclusion.

As will be described later, the slab becomes a steel sheet through a heating process, a rolling process, and a cooling process (quenching process), but even if these processes are performed, the dispersion state of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions is affected. There is no. For this reason, there is no change in the influence which inclusions have on toughness between a slab and a steel plate manufactured from the slab.

In the present invention, the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions are made spherical by adjusting the value of “Ca / O” as described above. Here, CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of less than 0.5 μm have a low probability of becoming a fracture starting point, and do not significantly affect the toughness of HAZ. Therefore, in the present invention, the number and shape of the inclusions having a particle size of less than 0.5 μm are not a problem.

On the other hand, if a large amount of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm is present, the cleanliness of the steel sheet deteriorates and the toughness deteriorates. Also, when the particle size is too small, CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions of 0.5 to 5.0 .mu.m, O in the steel, in addition to the inclusions, the oxide and Si and / or Ti . This makes it difficult to spheroidize CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions. As described above, it is difficult industrially to completely remove O in steel, and the steel contains, for example, about 0.0010% of O. For this reason, it is important that CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions are appropriately generated in the steel and Si and / or Ti oxides are not generated. Therefore, in the present invention, as described above, CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm are dispersed and exist in the slab and the steel plate. The dispersion state of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm present in the slab and the steel plate is preferably 1 × 10 to 1 × 10 ⁴ pieces / mm ² .

When a large number of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size exceeding 5.0 μm are dispersed, even if the inclusions have been spheroidized, the inclusions may be a starting point for destruction. . In this case, the variation in toughness particularly in the HAZ increases. For this reason, among the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions present in the slab and the steel plate, the dispersion state of inclusions having a particle size exceeding 5.0 μm is preferably less than 1 × 10 pieces / mm ^2. . Note that even if the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions have a particle size of more than 5.0 μm, if the particle size is 10 μm or less and the dispersion state is less than 1 × 10 / mm ² , the toughness variation Does not significantly affect. Therefore, it is more preferable that the dispersion state of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle diameter of more than 5.0 μm and 10 μm or less is less than 1 × 10 / mm ² . The particle size of the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions present in the slab and the steel plate is more preferably 10 μm or less.

The dispersion state of the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusion can be quantitatively measured by the following method. That is, the observation sample is prepared from a cross section parallel to the rolling direction of the steel materials (slab and steel plate) (preferably from the center of the cross section). This observation sample was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at an area of at least 10 mm ² at a magnification of 800 to 2000 times, and the number of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions was counted to obtain the number per unit area. Convert it.

3. In the shape present invention CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions, the aspect ratio of the particle size present in the slabs and the steel sheet is CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions of 0.5 to 5.0 .mu.m (length / width The average value of (diameter) is set to 1.9 or less. When the inclusions are spheroidized and the aspect ratio is 1.9 or less, the stress concentration on the inclusions and the surrounding structure can be reduced when an impact is applied to the steel sheet. This improves toughness and reduces toughness variation. On the other hand, CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having an aspect ratio exceeding 1.9 tend to become a stress concentration source when an impact is applied to the steel sheet. In this case, cracks are generated from the inclusions, the toughness is remarkably lowered, and the variation in toughness is increased. The particle size and aspect ratio of the inclusion can be determined by observing the above-described observation sample using a scanning electron microscope.

As described above, when the value of “Ca / O” is 0.50 to 1.30, the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions are spheroidized in the molten steel. Since such inclusions are not crushed and stretched by rolling, the aspect ratio is close to 1. However, when the value of “Ca / O” is less than 0.50 or exceeds 1.30, the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusion does not completely spheroidize in the molten steel. A part of the CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions is crushed during rolling into a continuous shape in a sequence of dots, and becomes a stress concentration source when an impact is applied to the steel sheet. Thereby, toughness falls. It should be noted that the inclusions connected in a dot array are regarded as one extended inclusion, and the aspect ratio is measured.

4). Metal Structure of Steel Sheet The metal structure of the steel sheet according to the present invention is a multiphase structure composed of a soft phase made of ferrite and a hard phase made of a structure harder than ferrite. In the steel sheet of the present invention, the yield stress can be lowered by the soft ferrite. Further, the tensile strength of the steel sheet can be increased by the hard phase. As a result, a low yield ratio of the steel sheet can be realized.

  Here, when the thickness of the steel plate is small, the metal structure tends to become finer and it is difficult to reduce the yield stress. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the area ratio of soft ferrite in the metal structure. However, the processed and elongated ferrite is cured. Specifically, when the aspect ratio of the crystal grains of the ferrite structure is 3 or more, the yield strength of the steel sheet increases. This makes it difficult to reduce the yield ratio of the steel sheet. Therefore, it is important to ensure soft ferrite that is not hardened, specifically, ferrite having an aspect ratio of crystal grains of less than 3 (hereinafter referred to as specific ferrite). On the other hand, when the thickness of the steel plate is large, it is important to secure a certain amount of hard phase in order to increase the tensile strength.

  In consideration of the above, in the present invention, the area ratio of the specific ferrite in the metal structure is defined as shown in the following (A) and (B) according to the thickness of the steel plate. In the present invention, the hard phase means a structure other than ferrite. The hard phase includes a structure of at least one of pearlite, bainite, and martensite. By defining the area ratio of the specific ferrite as described below, the tensile strength of the steel sheet can be made 550 MPa or more, and the yield ratio can be made 80% or less. In addition, the area ratio of specific ferrite can be calculated | required by observing the above-mentioned sample for observation using a scanning electron microscope. The regulations shown in the following (A) and (B) are obtained by experiments using various test pieces having different steel plate thicknesses and ferrite area ratios.

(A) When the thickness t (mm) of the steel sheet is 16 mm or more and less than 25 mm 100 ≧ area ratio (%) of specific ferrite in metal structure ≧ 355 × exp (−0.085 × t)
(B) When the thickness t (mm) of the steel sheet is 25 mm or more and 100 mm or less 240 × exp (−0.035 × t) ≧ area ratio (%) of specific ferrite in metal structure ≧ 355 × exp (−0.085 Xt)

5. Production Method The steel sheet according to the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method, but is not limited to this method.

(5-1) Manufacture of slab The slab used for manufacture of the steel plate concerning the present invention can be manufactured as follows. First, after deoxidizing by containing Al so that the Al content in the molten steel exceeds 0.005% and becomes 0.08% or less, Ti is contained. Furthermore, after degassing for 15 minutes or more with a degassing apparatus (for example, RH apparatus), Ca is contained while the molten steel temperature is maintained at 1600 ± 70 ° C. The molten steel temperature when Ca is contained is more preferably 1600 ° C. ± 50 ° C., and further preferably 1600 ± 20 ° C. In addition, before making Ca contain, it is desirable to adjust the component of molten steel beforehand so that content of elements other than Ca may be in the range of the chemical composition mentioned above.

Since Al contained first has a strong deoxidizing power, it combines with solute oxygen in molten steel to produce Al ₂ O ₃ . Ti to be contained next to Al has a lower deoxidizing power than Al. For this reason, Ti produces | generates an oxide and produces | generates TiN. Thereby, the toughness of the HAZ is improved.

By performing degassing treatment for 15 minutes or more by the RH method or the like, coarse Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions can be floated and separated. Thereafter, by containing Ca in the molten steel, part of the Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions is reduced, and CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions are formed. At this time, by controlling the temperature of the molten steel to 1600 ± 70 ° C., liquefaction of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions is promoted. Thereby, surface tension acts and the inclusions are spheroidized. In addition, it is necessary to control the content of Ca, Al, and O to the above-described content for spheroidization of the inclusions.

A slab can be obtained by casting the steel melted as described above. The CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions present in the slab are dispersed in the above-described dispersion state and have the shape described above.

(5-2) Manufacture of steel plate The slab obtained as described above is heated to 1050 to 1200 ° C (heating step). The heated slab is rolled so that the rolling finish temperature is 750 to 830 ° C., and a rolled material having a predetermined thickness is obtained (rolling step). Thereafter, the rolled material is cooled to 300 ° C. or less at an average cooling rate of 5 to 20 ° C./s (cooling step). Thereby, the steel plate concerning the present invention is obtained. The time from the completion of rolling to the start of cooling is 30 s or less.

  By heating the slab to 1050 ° C. or higher as described above, Nb in the steel is dissolved, and the strength and toughness of the steel sheet can be sufficiently ensured. On the other hand, when the heating temperature of the slab exceeds 1200 ° C., not only the fuel cost increases, but also the amount of scale generated on the steel surface increases, the yield decreases, and the production efficiency decreases. Therefore, in the steel plate manufacturing method according to the present invention, the heating temperature of the slab is set to 1050 to 1200 ° C. In addition, although the deformation resistance of a slab becomes large, so that the heating temperature of a slab becomes low, from the viewpoint of performing finish rolling at 750-830 degreeC and shortening the waiting time from completion of rolling to cooling start, the heating temperature of a slab Is preferably set to 1050 to 1100 ° C.

  In the rolling process, the rolling start temperature, the reduction amount, and the cumulative reduction rate are not particularly limited. However, if the rolling finishing temperature is less than 750 ° C., the deformation resistance of the steel becomes too large. On the other hand, if the rolling finishing temperature exceeds 830 ° C., an appropriate metal structure as described above cannot be obtained as a low yield ratio steel sheet. Therefore, the rolling finishing temperature is 750 to 830 ° C. As a result, the austenite grains are refined and the ferrite nuclei increase. As a result, the generation of ferrite can be promoted. In this case, even if cooling is performed immediately after the finish rolling (that is, even if it is not allowed to stand for a certain time after the finish rolling), the above-mentioned multiphase structure composed of ferrite (soft phase) and a hard phase can be obtained. In order to lower the yield ratio of the base material more reliably, the last two passes including the finish rolling pass are preferably rolled at 750 to 830 ° C. The preferable lower limit of the rolling finishing temperature is 770 ° C, and the preferable upper limit is 820 ° C.

  When the time from the completion of finish rolling to the start of cooling exceeds 30 s, ferrite recrystallizes into coarse grains, and the toughness of the steel sheet deteriorates. For this reason, in the manufacturing method according to the present invention, the time from the completion of finish rolling to the start of cooling is set to 30 s or less. Considering production efficiency, it is preferable that the time until the start of cooling is short. Therefore, the time from the completion of finish rolling to the start of cooling is preferably 20 s or less, and more preferably 10 s or less. In addition, although the temperature of a steel plate falls naturally by standing cooling after finish rolling, even when it cools for 30 s, the temperature fall of a steel plate is about 70 degreeC at most. Therefore, in the actual production of the steel sheet, the cooling start temperature is, for example, about 680 to 825 ° C.

  In the cooling step, when the average cooling rate is less than 5 ° C./s, the hard phase cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the average cooling rate exceeds 20 ° C./s, the area ratio of the hard phase becomes too high in the metal structure. Therefore, in the manufacturing method according to the present invention, the average cooling rate in the cooling step is set to 5 to 20 ° C./s. The preferable lower limit of the average cooling rate is 7 ° C./s, and the preferable upper limit is 18 ° C./s.

  In the cooling step, if the cooling stop temperature exceeds 300 ° C., the hard phase cannot be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, in the manufacturing method according to the present invention, the steel plate (rolled material) is cooled to 300 ° C. or lower in the cooling step. In the cooling process, for example, the whole steel sheet is uniformly cooled using a cooling medium such as water.

  By manufacturing a steel plate from a slab through the above steps, the metal structure of the steel plate can be made into a multiphase structure composed of a soft phase made of ferrite and a hard phase made of a structure harder than ferrite. In addition, you may perform tempering after the above-mentioned cooling process (tempering process). By tempering, the balance between strength and toughness of the steel sheet can be adjusted, and the mechanical properties in the thickness direction can be made uniform. When the tempering temperature exceeds 450 ° C., the hard phase is softened. Therefore, tempering is preferably performed at 450 ° C. or lower. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the minimum of tempering temperature, In order to fully acquire the effect of tempering, it is preferable to temper at 350 degreeC or more.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

Steel types A to N and a to n having chemical compositions shown in Table 1 below were melted, and slabs 1 to 35 shown in Table 2 below were produced from these steel types A to N and a to n. Table 2 shows the particle diameter, number and aspect ratio of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions together with the molten steel temperature at the time of Ca addition in the production process of slabs 1 to 35.

Next, steel plates 1 to 35 having a plate thickness of 16 to 100 mm were manufactured from the slabs 1 to 35 under the manufacturing conditions shown in Table 3 below. Table 4 shows the grain size, number, and aspect ratio of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions in steel plates 1 to 35, as well as specific ferrite (ferrite whose crystal grain aspect ratio is less than 3) and hard phase in the metal structure. The area ratio is shown. Moreover, the test piece for tensile test and the test piece for evaluating the toughness of HAZ were extract | collected from each steel plates 1-35. Specifically, when the plate thickness t (see Table 3) was 32 mm or less, a full-thick JIS No. 5 plate test piece taken in the direction orthogonal to the rolling direction of the steel plate was used as the tensile test piece. On the other hand, when the plate thickness t exceeded 32 mm, a JIS No. 4 round bar test piece taken from the 1/4 thickness of the steel plate in a direction orthogonal to the rolling direction of the steel plate was used as the tensile test piece. Test pieces for toughness evaluation were collected from the fusion line after welding a part of each of the steel plates 1 to 35 with the heat input shown in Table 3. A Charpy impact test was performed at 0 ° C. using the collected test pieces. In addition, since the toughness is likely to vary depending on the test, three test pieces for toughness evaluation were sampled for each of the steel plates 1 to 35. Table 4 shows the results of the tensile test (yield stress, tensile strength, and yield ratio) and the results of the Charpy impact test (absorbed energy of each test piece). In this example, in the Charpy impact test, it was judged that the steel sheet in which the absorbed energy of all three test pieces was 70 J or more was able to sufficiently improve the toughness of the HAZ.

  As is apparent from Table 4, in the steel plates 1 to 17 of the present invention, the HAZ toughness could be sufficiently improved while realizing a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 80% or less.

  On the other hand, in the steel plate 18 of the comparative example, the yield ratio exceeded 80%. As this factor, it is considered that the rolling finishing temperature (see Table 3) exceeded 830 ° C., and the specific ferrite (see Table 4) could not be sufficiently secured.

  In the steel plate 19 of the comparative example, the yield ratio exceeded 80%. As a cause of this, the average cooling rate after rolling (see Table 3) exceeded 20 ° C./s, and the area ratio of the hard phase was high, and the specific ferrite (see Table 4) could not be secured sufficiently. Can be considered.

  In the steel plate 20 of the comparative example, the tensile strength was less than 550 MPa. As this factor, it is considered that the rolling finishing temperature is less than 750 ° C., and the area ratio of the specific ferrite (see Table 4) is too high.

  In the steel plate 21 of the comparative example, the tensile strength was less than 550 MPa. As this factor, it is considered that the average cooling rate after rolling (see Table 3) is less than 5 ° C./s, the hard phase cannot be sufficiently secured, and the area ratio of the specific ferrite becomes too high.

  In the steel plate 22 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, it is thought that C content (refer Table 1) in steel was 0.22%, and did not satisfy | fill the requirements (0.08-0.12%) of this invention.

In the steel plate 23 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. This is because the Si content in the steel (see Table 1) was 0.59%, which did not satisfy the requirements of the present invention (0.03-0.50%), and was present in the slab. The average value (see Table 2) of the aspect ratio of CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm is 2.5, and the requirement of the present invention (1.9 or less) is satisfied. It is thought that it was not satisfied.

  In the steel plate 24 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, it is considered that the Mn content in the steel (see Table 1) was 2.21%, which did not satisfy the requirements (1.00 to 2.00%) of the present invention.

  In the steel plate 25 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, Ti content in steel (see Table 1) is 0.022%, and it is considered that the requirement (0.0005 to 0.020%) of the present invention was not satisfied.

  In the steel plate 26 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. The cause of this is that the Al content in the steel (see Table 1) was 0.092%, and it did not satisfy the requirements of the present invention (over 0.005% and 0.080% or less). It is done.

  In the steel plate 27 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, N content in steel (refer to Table 1) is 0.0105%, and it is considered that the requirement (0.0010 to 0.0090%) of the present invention was not satisfied.

In the steel plate 28 of the comparative example, the tensile strength was less than 550 MPa. This is because the average cooling rate (see Table 3) is 4 ° C./s, which does not satisfy the requirements (5-20 ° C./s) of the production method of the present invention, and the area ratio of the specific ferrite becomes high. It is possible that Furthermore, with the steel plate 28, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. This is because the O content in steel (see Table 1) is 0.0040%, which does not satisfy the requirements of the present invention (0.0025% or less), and the value of “Ca / O” (Table 1) is 0.28, which does not satisfy the requirements (0.50 to 1.30) of the present invention, and further, CaO · Al ₂ having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm present in the slab. The average value of the aspect ratio of the O ₃ inclusions (see Table 2) was 3.2, and it is considered that the requirement (1.9 or less) of the present invention was not satisfied.

In the steel plate 29 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, the Ca content in the steel (see Table 1) is 0.0205%, which does not satisfy the requirements of the present invention (0.0003 to 0.0200%), and “Ca / O” The value (see Table 1) is also 15.77, which does not satisfy the requirements (0.50 to 1.30) of the present invention, and further, CaO having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm present in the slab. -The average value of the aspect ratio of Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions (see Table 2) is 5.1, and it is considered that the requirement (1.9 or less) of the present invention was not satisfied.

In the steel plate 30 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. The reason for this is that the average aspect ratio (see Table 2) of CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm present in the slab is 3.4. It is conceivable that the above requirement (1.9 or less) was not satisfied.

In the steel plate 31 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. This is because the average value of the aspect ratio (see Table 2) of CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm present in the slab is 2.1. It is conceivable that the above requirement (1.9 or less) was not satisfied.

  In the steel plate 32 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, the Mn content in the steel (see Table 1) is 0.98%, and it is considered that the requirement (1.00 to 2.00%) of the present invention was not satisfied.

  In the steel plate 33 of the comparative example, the tensile strength was less than 550 MPa. Moreover, high toughness of HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, it is considered that the time from the completion of rolling to the start of cooling (see Table 3) was 34 s, and the requirement (30 s or less) of the production method of the present invention was not satisfied.

  In the steel plate 34 of the comparative example, the high toughness of the HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, the value of “Ca / O” (see Table 1) is 1.62, and it is considered that the requirement (0.50 to 1.30) of the present invention was not satisfied.

  In the steel plate 35 of the comparative example, the tensile strength was less than 550 MPa. Moreover, high toughness of HAZ could not be realized. As this factor, it is considered that the average cooling rate after rolling (see Table 3) was less than 5 ° C./s, and the hard phase could not be sufficiently secured.

  As described above, the steel sheet according to the present invention can sufficiently improve the toughness of HAZ while realizing a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 80% or less. Moreover, according to the manufacturing method of the steel plate which concerns on this invention, cooling of a rolling material (steel plate) is started within 30 s after finish rolling. That is, unlike the conventional manufacturing method, it is not necessary to leave the rolled material for a certain period of time after finishing rolling until cooling is started. Thereby, a steel plate can be manufactured efficiently.

  According to the present invention, a steel sheet having a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more, a yield ratio of 80% or less, and capable of increasing the toughness of the weld heat affected zone is obtained. Such a steel plate can be suitably used as a steel plate for building, and can increase the safety of the building structure.

Claims (5)

The chemical composition of the steel plate with a plate thickness of 16 to 100 mm is mass%,
C: 0.08 to 0.12%,
Si: 0.03-0.50%,
Mn: 1.00 to 2.00%,
P: 0.020% or less,
S: 0.0100% or less,
Al: more than 0.005% and 0.080% or less,
Ti: 0.0005 to 0.020%,
Cr: 0.10 to 0.50%,
Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%,
Ca: 0.0003 to 0.0200%,
N: 0.0010 to 0.0090%,
O: 0.0025% or less,
Cu: 0.05% or less,
Ni: 0.10% or less,
Mo: 0.05% or less,
V: 0 to 0.100%,
B: 0 to 0.0020%,
Balance: Fe and impurities,
Ca and O satisfy the following formula (i):
CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm are dispersed in the steel sheet,
The average value of the aspect ratio of inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm is 1.9 or less,
The metal structure of the steel sheet consists of a hard phase harder than ferrite and ferrite,
When the plate thickness is 16 mm or more and less than 25 mm, the area ratio of ferrite having an aspect ratio of crystal grains of less than 3 in the metal structure satisfies the following formula (ii):
When the plate thickness is 25 mm or more and 100 mm or less, the area ratio of ferrite having an aspect ratio of crystal grains of less than 3 in the metal structure satisfies the following formula (iii):
A low yield ratio steel sheet for building having a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 80% or less.
0.50 ≦ Ca / O ≦ 1.30 (i)
100 ≧ A _SF ≧ 355 × exp (−0.085 × t) (ii)
240 × exp (−0.035 × t) ≧ A _SF ≧ 355 × exp (−0.085 × t) (iii)
However, in formula (i), Ca and O represents the content by mass percent of the respective elements, (ii) expression and (iii) in formula, A _SF area ratio of the ferrite having an aspect ratio of less than 3 ( %), And t represents the plate thickness (mm). The chemical composition is mass%,
V: 0.050-0.100% and B: 0.0003-0.0020%
The low yield ratio steel sheet for construction according to claim 1, comprising at least one selected from the above. A method for producing a low yield ratio steel sheet for building having a tensile strength of 550 MPa or more and a yield ratio of 80% or less,
Chemical composition is mass%,
C: 0.08 to 0.12%,
Si: 0.03-0.50%,
Mn: 1.00 to 2.00%,
P: 0.020% or less,
S: 0.0100% or less,
Al: more than 0.005% and 0.080% or less,
Ti: 0.0005 to 0.020%,
Cr: 0.10 to 0.50%,
Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%,
Ca: 0.0003 to 0.0200%,
N: 0.0010 to 0.0090%,
O: 0.0025% or less,
Cu: 0.05% or less,
Ni: 0.10% or less,
Mo: 0.05% or less,
V: 0 to 0.100%,
B: 0 to 0.0020%,
Balance: Fe and impurities,
Ca and O satisfy the following formula (i):
CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ inclusions having a particle size of 0.5 to 5.0 μm are dispersed,
A heating step of heating a slab having an average aspect ratio of 1.9 or less of inclusions having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 5.0 μm to 1050 to 1200 ° C .;
A rolling step of rolling the slab after heating to obtain a rolled material by rolling the slab to a rolling finishing temperature of 750 to 830 ° C, and cooling the rolled material to 300 ° C or lower at an average cooling rate of 5 to 20 ° C / s. A cooling process,
The manufacturing method of the low yield ratio steel sheet for buildings whose time from the completion of rolling in the rolling process to the start of cooling in the cooling process is 30 s or less.
0.50 ≦ Ca / O ≦ 1.30 (i)
However, in the formula (i), Ca and O indicate the content of each element in mass%.   The manufacturing method of the low yield ratio steel sheet for building of Claim 3 further equipped with the tempering process which tempers at 450 degrees C or less after the said cooling process. The chemical composition of the slab is mass%,
V: 0.050-0.100% and B: 0.0003-0.0020%
The manufacturing method of the low yield ratio steel sheet for buildings of Claim 3 or 4 containing 1 or more types selected from.