JP2016135953A - door - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a door capable of suppressing the entrance/exist of heat into/out of a room while constantly providing ventilation.SOLUTION: A door includes: an outdoor-side opening 1 that faces an outdoor side; an indoor-side opening 2 that faces an indoor side; a ventilation path 3 that is provided within the door 5 to communicate the outdoor-side opening 1 with the indoor-side opening 2; and indoor and outdoor surface plates 4a and 4b. The surface plates 4a and 4b are thermally separated from each other on the indoor and outdoor sides. The ventilation path 3 is provided to transfer heat of the door 5 to air flowing through the ventilation path 3. The indoor-side opening 2 makes the amount of ventilation freely adjustable.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a door having a ventilation function.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a door provided with a ventilation port in a door or the like so that ventilation can be performed through the ventilation port while the door is closed is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). If such a door is left open in the winter, the ventilation opening is closed in the winter because cold outdoor air flows in and is uncomfortable.

JP 2003-262076 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and an object thereof is to provide a door that can keep indoor and outdoor heat from entering and exiting while always performing ventilation.

  In order to achieve the above object, a door according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an outdoor opening facing the outdoor, an indoor opening facing the indoor, an outdoor opening and an indoor side provided in the door. It has a ventilation path that communicates with the opening, and a surface plate inside and outside, and the surface plate is thermally separated inside and outside, and the ventilation path is provided to transmit the heat of the door to the air flowing through the ventilation path. The indoor opening is characterized in that the amount of ventilation is adjustable.

  The door according to the first aspect of the invention can perform ventilation at all times through the ventilation path, and the ventilation path is provided so as to transfer the heat of the door to the air flowing through the ventilation path. In summer, the heat that enters the room from outside the room can be thrown away, so that heat can be prevented from entering and leaving the room while ventilating. Moreover, since the surface plate is thermally separated on the inside and outside, the heat entering and leaving due to heat transfer can be suppressed. According to the present invention, ventilation and heat exchange functions can be exhibited only by installing a door, and the construction is easier and less expensive than construction on a wall or window frame.

It is a longitudinal section showing a 1st embodiment of a door of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the door of the first embodiment. It is a room inner side front view of the door of 1st Embodiment. (A) is a front view of the filter part provided in the indoor side opening part of the door of 1st Embodiment, (b) is AA sectional drawing. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the door of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the door of 2nd Embodiment. It is a room inner side front view of the door of 2nd Embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the door of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 4th Embodiment of the door of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of an indoor side opening part. It is a front view which shows other embodiment of an indoor side opening part, (a) is the state which opened the indoor side opening part, (b) is the state which opened the indoor side opening part, (c) is a room | chamber interior The state which closed the inner side opening part is shown. It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment of an indoor side opening part.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the door of the present invention. This door 5 is applied to a front door, and is attached to a door frame 6 attached to a housing opening so as to open to the outdoor side by a pivot type hinge 7.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the door 5 includes surface plates 4a and 4b made of steel plates on the outdoor side and the outdoor side, and a heat insulating material 8 made of polystyrene foam is disposed between the surface plates 4a and 4b inside and outside the room. An upper frame 9 and a lower frame 10 and left and right eaves frames 11, 11 made of a resin extruded shape are arranged so as to surround the periphery of the heat insulating material 8. Thus, by arranging the heat insulating material 8 and the resin frames 9, 10, and 11 between the indoor and outdoor surface plates 4a and 4b, the indoor and outdoor surface plates 4a and 4b are thermally separated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the lower frame 10 is provided with an outdoor opening 1 that passes through in the vertical direction so as to face the outdoor side. The heat insulating material 8 is provided with a ventilation path 3 that allows the outdoor opening 1 and the indoor opening 2 to communicate with each other. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of ventilation paths 3 are provided at intervals in the left-right direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a filter portion 12 is provided on the indoor side of the indoor opening 2. A filter cover 14 holding a filter 13 made of non-woven fabric or the like is detachably engaged with the filter unit 12 to remove dust and the like and adjust the flow rate of air entering the room. Yes. Further, the filter unit 12 is provided with a wind direction changing plate 15 bent in an L-shape downward so that air emitted from the filter unit 12 flows downward into the room.

  In winter, the indoor space is adjusted to a negative pressure by sucking indoor air out of the room by a fan installed indoors. Accordingly, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1, outside air flows into the room through the outdoor opening 1, the ventilation path 3, and the indoor opening 2 of the door 5. In the door 5, the surface plate 4a on the outdoor side has substantially the same temperature as the outside air, the surface plate 4b on the indoor side has substantially the same temperature as that in the room, and heat from the room is transmitted to the heat insulating material 8, and the heat is transmitted. . Accordingly, the cold outside air flowing in from the outdoor opening 1 is heated by absorbing heat transferred to the heat insulating material 8 while passing through the ventilation path 3 formed by hollowing out the heat insulating material 8. It flows into the room from section 2. In this way, the heat that escapes from the room to the outside is recovered by the flow of air and returned to the room, so there is no loss of heat from the room to the outside, so a very high heat insulation is obtained and the heating load is reduced. be able to.

  In the summer, contrary to the winter, the indoor space is adjusted to a positive pressure by sucking outdoor air into the room by a fan installed indoors. Accordingly, air flows in the direction opposite to the arrow in FIG. 1, and the indoor air is discharged to the outside through the indoor side opening 2, the ventilation path 3, and the outdoor side opening 1 of the door 5. At this time, while the air cooled by the indoor air conditioner taken in from the indoor side opening 2 passes through the ventilation path 3 formed by hollowing out the heat insulating material 8, the heat transferred to the heat insulating material 8 by solar radiation or the like. Is absorbed and warmed and discharged from the outdoor opening 1 to the outside. In this way, heat that enters the room from the outside is collected by the flow of air and discarded outside the room, so that heat that enters the room from the outside can be reduced, so extremely high heat insulation can be obtained and the cooling load can be reduced. Can do.

  As described above, the door 5 can always be ventilated through the ventilation path 3, and the ventilation path 3 is provided so as to transfer the heat of the door 5 to the air flowing through the ventilation path 3, so that the room 5 is open from the indoor to the outdoor in winter. By collecting the heat that escapes to the room and throwing away the heat that enters the room from the outside in the summer, it is possible to prevent the heat from entering and leaving the room while ventilating. By providing the filter part 12 in the indoor side opening part 2, while being able to adjust ventilation volume, the flow rate in a flow path can be lowered | hung and a heat recovery rate can be improved. Moreover, since the surface plates 4a and 4b are thermally separated on the inside and outside, the heat entering and leaving due to heat transfer can be suppressed. According to this embodiment, ventilation and a heat exchange function can be exhibited only by installing the door 5, and it is easier to construct than a wall or a window frame, and it is low-cost. It is also possible to replace the existing door with the door 5 of the present embodiment without changing the door frame 6. Since the outdoor opening 1 is provided through the lower part of the door 5 in the vertical direction, rainwater does not enter from the ventilation path 3 and there is no opening in the outdoor surface plate 4a. Is good. Since a plurality of ventilation paths 3 are provided in the door 5, heat recovery can be performed efficiently. This door 5 is made to function as a ventilation opening for performing 24-hour ventilation. Compared to a normal ventilation opening, the door 5 can warm the outside air and take it into the room in the winter. In summer, heat from the outside air can be taken outside the room. Can be thrown away.

  5-7 show a second embodiment of a door 5 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the door 5 is provided with a porous material 16 spaced from the outdoor surface plate 4a inside the door 5, and the outdoor opening 1 has the outdoor surface plate 4a and the porous material. In order to communicate with the gap 17 between the lower frame 10 and the outer side of the lower frame 10, the lower frame 10 is provided so as to penetrate vertically. As shown in FIG. 7, the indoor side surface plate 4 b is provided with a plurality of indoor side openings 2, 2,. The porous material 16 is a porous member that has a heat insulating property and allows air to pass through. For example, glass wool or the like can be used. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow of air in winter, and the outside air that flows in from the outdoor opening 1 absorbs heat while passing through the entire porous material 16 and is provided on the surface plate 4b on the indoor side. In addition, a large number of indoor openings 2, 2,...

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lower frame 10 includes an adjusting mechanism 18 that adjusts the opening degree of the outdoor opening 1. The adjusting mechanism 18 is composed of a long perforated plate 19 provided so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. By operating a knob 20 provided on the indoor side, the plate 19 is slid left and right, whereby the plate 19 The amount of overlap between the hole 21 and the outdoor opening 1 is changed to adjust the opening degree of the outdoor opening 1, and ventilation from indoor openings 2, 2,. The amount is adjusted at once.

  In the door 5 of the second embodiment, air is allowed to pass through the porous material 16 provided in the door 5 as a whole, so that the heat of the door 5 can be efficiently transmitted to the air. In addition, by providing a plurality of indoor openings 2 dispersed on the indoor surface plate 4b, the airflow is softened and uncomfortable feeling can be reduced as compared with the case where the indoor openings 2 are one.

FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the door 5 according to the invention. In the door 5, a porous material 16 is provided in the door 5 so as to be separated from the outdoor and indoor surface plates 4a and 4b. It is provided so as to penetrate in the vertical direction toward the outside. The indoor side opening 2 is provided at one upper portion of the surface plate 4b on the indoor side.
According to this embodiment, heat recovery efficiency improves because air passes through the porous material 16 provided inside the door 5.

  FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of a door 5 according to the invention. The door 5 is filled with a porous material 16 in the entire interior of the door 5. According to the present embodiment, the heat recovery rate is improved by the air passing through the porous material 16 provided in the entire interior of the door 5. As in the first embodiment, the labor for forming the ventilation path 3 by hollowing out the heat insulating material 8 is not required, so that the production is easy.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the indoor opening 2. FIG. 10A shows an example in which the porous material 16 is packed in the indoor opening 2. In this way, by packing the porous material 16 in the indoor side opening 2, the air flow can be reduced and the uncomfortable feeling can be reduced, and the resistance to the air flow can be reduced, so that the flow rate in the flow path can be lowered and the heat recovery rate can be reduced. Can be improved.
FIG. 10B shows an example in which the indoor outlet portion of the ventilation path 3 is inclined upward. By doing in this way, since air comes out upwards, it can prevent that external air hits a face etc. directly and can reduce discomfort.

  FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the indoor opening 2 and shows a case where an opening / closing mechanism 22 is provided. The opening / closing mechanism 22 is configured by a perforated plate 24 that slides in the left-right direction in conjunction with the knob 23. As shown in (a), when the knob 23 is slid to the right, the hole 25 of the plate 24 opens to the indoor side. As shown in (c), when the knob 23 is slid to the left end, the hole 25 of the plate 24 and the indoor opening 2 are completely displaced laterally. The indoor opening 2 is fully closed. As shown in (b), when the knob 23 is stopped in the middle in the left-right direction, the hole 25 of the plate 24 partially overlaps the indoor opening 2 and the indoor opening 2 is half open. In this way, the ventilation amount can be adjusted by moving the knob 23 left and right.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the indoor side opening 2, and shows a case where the heat transfer section 26 is provided in the indoor side opening 2. The heat transfer unit 26 is a heat sink formed of a material having good thermal conductivity such as aluminum, and heat from the room is transmitted from the surface plate 4b on the indoor side. Heat is transferred to. By providing the heat transfer part 26 in this way, the heat of the indoor surface plate 4b can be efficiently transmitted to the air, so that the air entering the room can be further warmed.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The material of the heat insulating material and the porous material, the position and shape of the outdoor / indoor opening, and the like can be changed as appropriate. The method of providing the ventilation path is arbitrary. For example, the heat recovery rate can be improved by providing the ventilation path by folding it up and down and making the ventilation path longer. By filling the heat insulating material in portions other than the air passage inside the lower frame, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of condensation due to the inflow of cold outside air. A filter part can also be provided in the outdoor opening. The door of the present invention is not limited to a swing door, and may be a sliding door.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outdoor side opening part 2 Indoor side opening part 3 Ventilation route 4a, 4b Surface board 5 units

Claims (1)

  An outdoor opening facing the outdoor, an indoor opening facing the indoor, a ventilation path provided in the door and communicating with the outdoor opening and the indoor opening, and an indoor and outdoor surface plate The surface plate is thermally separated inside and outside, the ventilation path is provided to transmit the heat of the door to the air flowing through the ventilation path, and the indoor opening has an adjustable ventilation volume Characteristic door.

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