JP2016008822A - Body weight control device, body weight control method, and body weight control program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide objective values that enable a user to know, without requiring data inputting of day-to-day meal quantities which is cumbersome and tends to be influenced by subjective thinking, whether or not his or her routine life pattern enables the energy intake and consumption to be balanced relative to the target body weight on the basis of routinely measured body weight data when the current life pattern is continued under certain conditions, and to enable the user to control the body weight so as to change his or her body weight to the target weight and to keep that weight level.SOLUTION: Body weight data in which the measured body weight values of an object of measurement and the dates of measurement are associated with each other is acquired; under the conditions of daily weight variation extent which the object of measurement conforms to, including the conditions of energy intake and consumption, the initial conditions of energy intake are determined by multiple sets of measured weight data for a period of T days, and the limit value of weight of the object of measurement is figured out when it is supposed that the weight continues to vary according to the condition of the determined daily weight variation.

Description

  The present invention relates to a weight management apparatus, a weight management method, and a weight management program for calculating a limit value of weight.

  In general, body weight tends to increase with aging due to changes in lifestyle habits, etc., until it becomes older and appetite declines, and the increase in body weight is a cause of lifestyle-related diseases and damage to beauty. Therefore, recently, there is a high interest in reducing the increased weight and maintaining it thereafter.

  The change in weight is caused by the difference between daily energy intake and energy consumption. Excessive intake of energy substrate usually accumulates in the body as adipose tissue. When trying to lose weight and improving and maintaining lifestyle habits such as eating and exercising, the lack of energy is covered by the burning of body tissues such as body fat. In this case, energy consumption decreases due to a decrease in basal metabolism accompanying the decrease in body weight, so that body weight decreases until energy intake and energy consumption balance, and does not decrease indefinitely. And in the long run, even if you keep the habit of eating and exercising, you will gain weight due to a slight decrease in daily basal metabolism due to aging.

  When planning weight management that changes the current weight and keeps it at the target weight, it temporarily creates an imbalance between energy intake and consumption, and balances energy intake and consumption at the target weight. You just need to improve your lifestyle. However, when the lifestyle habits are actually improved, it is not easy to grasp when the energy is balanced and the weight changes when the improved habits are maintained for a long time. In that case, it is not easy to grasp whether it is a lifestyle habit of maintaining the target weight, regardless of whether the target is achieved. Many cases of so-called “stagnation phenomenon” and “rebound phenomenon” have been reported when losing weight, so it is difficult to achieve and maintain the target weight by controlling the energy balance. I can know.

  As a method for determining whether or not a lifestyle habit for realizing and maintaining the target weight is formed, there is a method for checking whether or not the amount of energy for maintaining the target weight is ingested. To do so, on the one hand, calculate the energy consumption due to basal metabolism and exercise when maintaining the target weight, and on the other hand, calculate the energy intake due to meals, etc., and compare these amounts Is normal. In this method, the energy consumption is calculated from an estimation formula for basal metabolism, and the energy intake is obtained by integrating the energy of the meal contents.

  However, in carrying out such a method, it is only necessary to be able to grasp the amount of energy with high accuracy, but generally, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, an individual of an energy requirement amount for maintaining weight. There is a report that the difference itself is a group with a standard figure of 19 years of age or older, and that the standard deviation is 199 kcal / day for men and 162 kcal / day for women, and the energy intake is also 20 to 49 years On average, Japanese have reported underreporting of 491 kcal / day (19%) for men and 294 kcal / day (15%) for women. Furthermore, energy intake varies from day to day, and the effect is not negligible. In this way, the estimation error due to individual differences in energy consumption and errors due to underreporting of energy intake and daily fluctuations cannot be used to accurately determine the degree of energy excess or deficiency, but the energy excess or deficiency itself is reversed. There is even a risk of judging. It has also been pointed out that the calculation of energy intake from meals requires considerable effort if continued every day, and there is a problem of complexity that reduces the motivation for weight management. Therefore, in order to appropriately evaluate the excess or deficiency of the energy intake, a body mass index such as a body weight change amount or BMI (Body Mass Index) is used.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus that captures a trend in weight change by approximating a trend in weight change to an approximate straight line. By looking at the tendency of weight change with this device, excess or deficiency of energy can be properly evaluated. However, with this device, it is not clear whether the target weight can be achieved or stagnant because it is impossible to grasp the weight that is the point of energy balance.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses an apparatus for measuring “calorie intake” that simplifies calculation of energy of meal amount. This device is designed to simplify the input while suppressing the calculation error of energy intake (calorie intake). Since it is divided roughly into “small”, it is impossible to fundamentally solve the problem of subjectivity in inputting the amount of meal and the troublesomeness of daily input regarding the amount of meal.

Japanese Patent No. 2996881 JP 2013-80388 A

“Japanese dietary intake standards (2015 edition)” study report, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare

  Therefore, in the present invention, when current daily habits are continued under certain conditions based on body weight measurement data that is measured daily, without the need to input daily meal data that is complicated and subject to subjectivity. By providing objective values that make it possible to grasp the lifestyle that balances energy intake and consumption at the target weight, improve and maintain the lifestyle, and change the weight to the target weight. It is an object of the present invention to provide a weight management device for managing weight so that it can be maintained.

  Means for solving the above-mentioned problem is a weight acquisition means for acquiring weight measurement data in which a weight measurement value to be measured and a measurement date are associated, and stores the weight measurement data acquired by the weight acquisition means In the condition of the weight change amount per day that the measurement object including the storage means and the condition of energy intake and consumption follow, the initial condition of the energy intake is stored for a certain period T days in the storage means And calculating means for calculating a limit value of the weight of the measurement object when it is assumed that the weight continues to change according to the determined weight change amount per day condition. It is the weight management apparatus characterized.

  According to the present invention, the weight limit value and the current limit value are calculated based on the weight limit value calculated based on the daily weight measurement data, which is less likely to cause a subjective measurement error compared to the data input of the intake energy based on the meal. If the current lifestyle is maintained under certain conditions, such as by directly comparing and comparing the weight of the person and the target weight, whether the target weight can be reached, and the energy intake and consumption It is possible to grasp whether or not is balanced with the target weight. Improving lifestyle habits such as eating and exercising affects weight limits through changes in body weight, so it is possible to grasp the effects of improving lifestyle habits based on body weight limits, and maintain body weight limits at the target weight. By improving and maintaining lifestyle habits, the body weight can be induced to the target weight in the long term and maintained.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to input daily meal data, and the lifestyle is improved while taking into account the weight limit value calculated based on the objective weight measurement data for daily measurement. The body weight can be managed by changing the weight to the target weight and maintaining it.

It is a figure which shows the example of a display screen which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the weight scale which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the weight scale and server which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a functional block diagram of the control part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the various data stored in the memory | storage part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a main flowchart which shows operation | movement of the weight scale which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart of the memory | storage / arithmetic processing which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the calculation principle of the limit value of the weight which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an example of a display screen of a graph of a limit value and a reference period according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, terms are defined. The “limit value” refers to an upper limit value or a lower limit value of X _t or an approximation thereof when it is assumed that a certain amount X _t that changes according to a condition with time t continues to change according to the condition. The upper limit value or the lower limit value includes not only the maximum value or the minimum value but also the convergence value defined below. However, the weight value after a predetermined period of time, such as the predicted weight after two weeks and one month, for example, is the value when “assuming to keep changing”, except when it is an approximate value of the convergence value. Since it is not the upper limit value or the lower limit value, it is not included in the concept of the limit value in the present invention.

The “convergence value” refers to a theoretical value (lim _{t → ∞} X _t ) that approaches the amount X _t when the time t is increased as much as possible for the amount X _t that changes with time t. The convergence value includes an approximate value when the change in the amount falls within a predetermined error range.

  The “weight limit value” includes not only the limit value of the “weight value” but also the limit value of the change in weight, the limit value of the change rate, or the limit value of the change rate. Similarly, the limit value of the physique index such as BMI includes, for example, the limit value of the BMI value, the limit value of the change amount of the BMI, and the like.

  The “reference period” is the difference between the limit value of the value and the current reference value in the body weight or body mass index, for example, 0.3 (30%), 0.5 (50%) before it decreases by a certain percentage Refers to the period. This certain ratio is called “achievement rate”.

  “Intake / consumption ratio” refers to the value of the ratio of the energy intake per day to the estimated energy consumption per day. For example, when the energy intake per day is 1500 kcal / day and the estimated energy consumption per day is 3000 kcal / day, the intake / consumption ratio is 0.5 or 50%.

  In the following explanation, in order to avoid the complexity of the notation, the daily energy intake (kcal / day) and the daily energy consumption (kcal / day) are simply omitted by omitting “per day”. Expressed as “energy intake” and “energy consumption”. Similarly, the estimated energy consumption per day (kcal / day) is also simply expressed as “estimated energy consumption”.

  FIG. 1 shows a display screen example of the display unit 35 of the weight scale 3 (see FIG. 2). FIG. 2 shows the appearance of the weight scale 3, and FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the weight management system 1.

  The weight management system 1 in FIG. 3 includes a weight scale 3 and a server (server computer) 5 that communicates with the weight scale 3. In FIG. 3, for simplicity of explanation, it is assumed that one weight scale 3 is connected to the server 5, but a plurality of weight scales 3 may be connected. In FIG. 3, the weight scale 3 and the server 5 communicate with each other wirelessly or by wire. Note that data exchange between the weight scale 3 and the server 5 may be performed via a storage medium without communication.

  2 has a communication unit 31, a storage unit 32, a clock unit 33, an operation unit 34, a display unit 35, a power switch unit 36, a power supply unit 37, a battery 38, and a CPU 391 as shown in FIG. Part 39, upper surface cover part 41, load detection part 42 having load cell 421, and AD conversion part 43.

  The communication unit 31 is connected to the control unit 39 and communicates with the server 5 according to a control signal from the control unit 39. The communication unit 31 is not limited to the server 5, and communicates with other biological information acquisition devices such as a pedometer, or communicates with a personal computer or a portable information terminal (such as a mobile phone, a smartphone, or a PDA). It may be in communication with the device.

  The storage unit 32 includes a device capable of storing information such as a nonvolatile memory and a hard disk. The storage unit 32 reads and writes information according to a control signal from the connected control unit 39.

  The clock unit 33 is a device that includes a timer / counter that measures time such as the current date and time, and outputs the time to the control unit 39 as necessary.

  The operation unit 34 includes buttons and switches (see FIG. 2) on which operations such as pressing are performed. By operating the operation unit 34, it is possible to input personal information / physical information to be measured such as ID, gender, age, height, physical activity level, and the like while referring to information displayed on the display unit 35. The input information is output to the control unit 39.

  The display unit 35 is configured by a display device such as a liquid crystal screen (see FIG. 1), and displays images such as characters and graphics in accordance with an image signal supplied from the control unit 39.

  The power switch unit 36 functions as an input switch operated to switch the power ON / OFF. When the power switch unit 36 is operated, the power switch unit 36 outputs an input signal corresponding to the operation to the control unit 39.

  The power supply unit 37 supplies operating power to each unit including the control unit 39.

  The battery 38 supplies electric power to each part around the power supply part 37.

  The control unit 39 includes a CPU 391 and a microcomputer including a ROM and a RAM (not shown), and executes control operations and arithmetic operations of the respective units according to programs and various data stored in the ROM. The programs and data include programs and data for weight management.

  The load detection unit 42 includes a plurality of load cells 421. The body weight of the measurement object on the upper surface cover portion 41 (see FIG. 2) that also serves as the upper surface cover of the housing is measured. The measured weight is output to the AD conversion unit 43. The AD conversion unit 43 converts the output analog signal into a digital signal and outputs it to the control unit.

  The server 5 includes a control unit 52, an operation unit 53, a display unit 54, and a storage unit 55 including a computer having a communication unit 51, a CPU 521, a ROM, and a RAM.

  The communication unit 51 transmits / receives data to / from the scale 3 according to the control of the control unit 52. Note that the communication unit 51 is not limited to the weight scale 3, and communicates with other biological information acquisition devices such as a pedometer, or communicates with a personal computer or a portable information terminal (PDA, cellular phone, smartphone, etc.) as appropriate. You may communicate with the apparatus of.

  The CPU 521 of the control unit 52 controls the operation of each unit according to a program and data stored in a ROM or the like, and executes various calculations.

  The operation unit 53 includes a keyboard and a mouse. A signal input by being operated by the user is output to the control unit 52.

  The display unit 54 corresponds to a liquid crystal display, a CRT display, or the like. The display unit 54 displays images such as characters and graphs in accordance with control signals given from the control unit 52.

  The storage unit 55 corresponds to a fixed storage device such as a hard disk, or a recording medium that can be read by the CPU 521 such as a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, a ROM, a RAM, and a memory card.

  The storage unit 55 stores various data related to the measurement object such as weight measurement data (weight measurement value, measurement date and time) measured by the weight scale 3 and personal information such as a name (ID) and an address of the measurement object.

  With reference to FIG. 4, a functional configuration relating to weight management of the weight scale 3 will be described. The CPU 391 includes a user management unit 392, a weight acquisition unit 393, a calculation unit 394, and an output processing unit 395 for outputting to the display unit 35 that displays the processing results. Each of these units is realized by a program executed by the CPU 391. This program is stored in advance in a ROM (not shown) of the control unit 39. The CPU 391 reads out the program from the ROM, and executes the instructions of the read program, thereby realizing the functions of each unit.

  The user management unit 392 acquires the type such as gender, age, height, and physical activity level for each ID to be measured, and stores it in the storage unit 31. The type, age, height, and physical activity level are specified based on information input via the operation unit 34 for each measurement target ID.

  As the type such as gender, one is selected from three types of “male”, “female” or “pet”.

  The physical activity level is selected in three levels, “low”, “normal” and “high”, and corresponds to values of 1.50, 1.75 and 2.00, respectively. The content of daily life at each stage is “low”, but when most of the life is sitting and sexual activity is the center, “normal” is sitting-centered life, but moving and standing in the workplace `` High '' is a worker who is engaged in work with a lot of movement or standing, or has active exercise habits in leisure time, including work, customer service, commuting, shopping, housework, light sports, etc. Suppose you are. The physical activity level may be set to a fixed value of “normal” which is a general average level.

  The weight acquisition unit 393 stores the weight value measured by the load detection unit 42 in the storage unit 32 in association with the timing data by the clock unit 33 and the user ID.

  The calculation unit 394 includes a limit value calculation unit 396, a reference period calculation unit 397, and an intake / consumption ratio calculation unit 398. The calculation unit 394 acquires user data such as the type and age of each measurement target ID stored in the storage unit 32 by the user management unit 392 and the weight measurement data stored in the storage unit 32 by the weight acquisition unit 393, Based on the data, the limit value calculation unit 396 calculates the limit value of the body weight value, the reference period calculation unit 397 calculates the reference period corresponding to the limit value, and the intake / consumption ratio calculation unit 398 calculates the intake / consumption ratio.

  The output processing unit 395 displays the weight value measured by the load detection unit 42, the calculation result by the calculation unit 394, and the like on the display unit 35.

  Various data stored in the storage unit 32 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The data acquired by the user management unit 392 includes data including items of ID 701, type 702, age 703, height 704, and physical activity level 705 for each ID to be measured, as shown in FIG. Stored as data 70.

  The weight measured by the load detection unit 42 is measured by the weight acquisition unit 393 (FIG. 5) as the measured weight of the measurement target ID when the measurement target ID is specified via the operation unit 34 and measured. It is stored as measurement data 71 shown in b). The weight measurement data 71 is data indicating the date and time of weight measurement based on the ID 711 that is data indicating the ID of the measurement object, the weight measurement value 712 that is data indicating the measured weight value, and the time measurement data of the clock unit 13. The measurement date 713 is included in association.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation performed by the CPU 391 of the control unit 39 of the weight scale 3. This flowchart is stored in advance in the memory in the control unit 39 or the storage unit 32 as a program, and the CPU 391 reads out the program and executes the instruction to implement the processing.

  It is assumed that the storage unit 32 stores data 70 and 71 shown in FIG. 5 in advance. Further, it is assumed that the data from 55 days before each measurement object is stored in the weight measurement data 71 in the storage unit 32. Therefore, here, description will be made on the assumption that the body weight measurement on the 56th day (8th week) to be measured is assumed.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 6, the CPU 391 is activated by inputting an instruction to turn on the power by operating the power switch unit 36 according to the measurement target (step S <b> 1), and the user specifies the ID of the measurement target by operating the operation unit 34. After the input, the weight of the measurement object on the top cover 41 is measured by the load detector 42 (step S2). Here, the ID of the measurement target specified in step S2 is referred to as “specified ID” (the same applies hereinafter). In addition, when the measurement object rides on the upper surface cover part 41 without specifying the ID, the load detection unit 42 performs the measurement without specifying the ID.

  Thereafter, the CPU 391 executes a storage / analysis process described below (step S3), turns off the power (step S4), and ends the process.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the storage / calculation process (see step S3 in FIG. 6). This will be described with reference to FIG. The CPU 391 determines whether the measurement target ID is specified and measured in the above-described step S2, that is, “is there a specified ID” (step S31). If there is no specified ID, the process proceeds to screen display (step S38), and a displayable value or the like is displayed. If there is a designated ID, the process proceeds to storage of weight measurement data (step S32), data on the current date and time, which is the date and time when the weight was measured in step S2, is obtained from the clock unit 33, and the weight measurement data 71 of the designated ID is obtained. It is generated and stored in the storage unit 32. The weight measurement data 71 includes an ID 711, a weight measurement value 712, and a measurement date / time 713.

  When the weight measurement data 71 is stored, it is determined from the age of the user data 703 of the specified ID whether the measurement target is a human who is 18 years of age or older (step S33). If the measurement target is not a person over 18 years of age, the process proceeds to screen display (step 39). Otherwise, the process proceeds to weight measurement data array generation (step S34).

  In step S <b> 34, the calculation unit 394 creates a weight data array ω [n] (n = 1, 2,...) With a specified ID with reference to the weight measurement data 71 stored in the storage unit 32. In the present embodiment, the weight measurement data array ω [n] is generated in order of date from the oldest date, with the data for each day for a maximum of 56 days including the data of the latest data date as array elements. When there are a plurality of measurement data having the same designated ID on the same date, the newest data of the day is entered in the weight measurement data array ω [n], and “0” is entered when there is no measurement data.

  In step S35, it is determined whether there is any missing weight measurement data between the oldest date data and the latest date data in the weight measurement data array ω [n]. Data omission is determined by whether or not there is 0 in the element of the data array. When there is “0” data, data interpolation is performed assuming that the missing period has changed linearly (step S36). For example, when data for two days between ω [2] and ω [5] is missing, ω [3] = ω [2] + (ω [5] −ω [2]) / (5 -2), ω [3] is also assumed to have changed linearly, ω [4] is calculated and data is interpolated to update the data in the weight data arrays ω [3] and ω [4]. To do. After the interpolation is completed or when there is no missing data, the process proceeds to the next step 37.

  In step S37, the limit value calculation unit 396 acquires the reference ID data 70 stored in the storage unit 32, and if the type is male or female according to the type such as the gender of the specified ID, When the limit value of the weight value of the maintenance modes A, B, and C is expressed by Expression 711, Expression 721, and Expression 731 described later, and the type is a pet, the limit value of the weight value of the pet mode is determined by Expression 741 described later. Calculation is performed using the weight measurement data array ω [n] created in steps S34 to S36.

  Here, the maintenance mode A is based on the condition that “a constant amount of energy is ingested every day”, and the maintenance mode B is “the amount of energy obtained by reducing the reduction in energy consumption due to aging every day. Maintenance mode C is a maintenance condition, and maintenance mode C has a maintenance condition of "taking an amount of energy that is proportional to the estimated daily energy consumption per unit weight of the day" Is. The pet mode is a pet mode for calculating a limit value of the weight based on an energy consumption estimation formula for general constant temperature animals from small animals to large animals.

In step S37, for each of the above-described modes to be calculated, for the data period T = 14, 28, or 56 days greater than or equal to the number of array elements of the weight measurement data array ω [n], the body weight limit for the data period T to calculate the value L _T.

Subsequently, the reference period calculation unit 397 calculates the reference period based on Expression 712, Expression 722, Expression 732, and Expression 742, which will be described later. The reference period corresponds to the limit value of the weight of the data period T of each mode calculated in step S37, and the achievement period τ = 30%, 50%, and 75% of the reference period M _T ^τ in the data period T is calculated. To do.

  Subsequently, the intake / consumption ratio calculation unit 398 calculates the “intake / consumption ratio”. For the calculation of the intake / consumption ratio, using the limit value of the weight value in the maintenance mode C or the pet mode, the following formula:

“Intake / consumption ratio” = (limit value of weight value) / (weight at reference)
Calculate with In this embodiment, the intake / consumption ratio can be calculated by this formula only in principle in the limit value of the weight value in the maintenance mode C and the pet mode.

  In the present embodiment, the intake / consumption ratio is calculated using the limit value of the weight value of T = 14 days among the limit values of the weight value calculated in the maintenance mode C or the pet mode. In this embodiment, the intake / consumption ratio is calculated using the weight measurement value of the last date of the weight measurement data array ω [n] as the reference weight.

  When the limit value of the body weight value, the reference period, and the intake / consumption ratio are calculated, the output processing unit 395 compares the calculated limit value of the body weight value, the reference body weight and the intake / consumption ratio, and the weight measured in step S2. A screen including the display items (see FIG. 1) is displayed on the display unit 35 (step S38).

  The screen 35 in FIG. 1 includes, as display items, a user display 351 indicating an ID of a measurement target, a maintenance mode display 352 indicating a maintenance mode, a measurement weight display 353 indicating a measurement weight, eight weeks (56 days), Limit value display 354 showing the limit value of weight based on data for 4 weeks (28 days), 2 weeks (14 days), and 30%, 50% and 75% corresponding to the limit values for 8 weeks (56 days) The reference period display 355 indicating the reference period of the achievement rate of the item and the intake / consumption ratio display 356 are included. The intake / consumption ratio display 356 displays the intake / consumption ratio not only as a numerical value but also as a graph indicating the ratio.

  The bar below the number in the user display 351 indicating the ID of the measurement object indicates that the limit value of the user of that number is displayed.

  The bar below the characters “Maintenance Mode A B C” and “Pet” in the maintenance mode display 352 indicates that the maintenance mode A is “A”, the maintenance mode B is “B”, and the maintenance mode C is “C”. However, “pet” indicates that the pet mode is selected and the limit value of the weight value corresponding to the mode is displayed.

  When the type of the measurement object is other than pet, the maintenance mode C is selected and displayed as an initial display, and the corresponding limit value and the like are displayed on the screen 35, and maintained through the operation of the operation unit 34. The mode A, B, or C is switched, and a value such as a limit value is displayed on the screen 35. When the type of the measurement target is a pet, the pet mode is selected as an initial display, and a value such as a limit value corresponding to the pet mode is displayed.

(principle)
In the present invention, the limit value of the body weight to be measured is calculated based on the weight measurement value ω _t (t = 1 to T) (kg) for a certain period of T days. The calculation principle will be described.

The amount of change in body weight increases or decreases according to the change in the difference between the energy intake and the energy consumption. The number of days from the reference time is t (day), the weight is W _t (kg), the amount of weight change per day is ∂W _t / ∂t (kg / day), the energy intake is I _t (kcal / day), the energy consumption E _t (kcal / day), and the amount of energy per unit body weight and F _t (kcal / kg), the following differential equation:
∂W _t / ∂t = (I _t −E _t ) / F _t ...... Equation 1
Holds.

Conditions of energy intake I _t is composed of "maintenance conditions" and "initial conditions". Suppose that the energy is ingested according to a certain maintenance condition from the initial value at the reference time. For example, “making the energy intake constant daily” corresponds to the maintenance condition, and assuming that the initial value is I _S , “I _t = I _S ” is the maintenance condition formula of I _t . Since in the present invention, the initial value I _S for energy intake is treated as an initial value of the undetermined until it is determined by the omega _t (directly or indirectly), I as a function having at least parameter I _{S t} = It is expressed as f _I (I _S ,...).

The energy consumption amount E _t is determined using an estimation formula f _E (W _t ,...) For _obtaining an estimated energy consumption amount having at least the weight W _t as a parameter. “Estimated energy consumption” refers to an estimate of the energy intake or equivalent consumption required when a subject maintains weight. The estimation formula f _E (W _t ,...) For _obtaining the estimated energy consumption is created using a generally known estimation formula for basal metabolism.

In general, a function having sex, age (or age class), weight, height, and physical activity level as parameters is known for the estimation formula f _E (W _t ,...). A body mass index (such as BMI) or body surface area may be used instead of body weight and height. When using the body mass index or body surface area, convert it into a function using at least body weight as a parameter, and then use it as a composite function. In the present invention, parameters other than the body weight and the number of days t in the estimation formula of f _E (W _t ,...) Are treated as defaults in the measurement object at the reference time. Therefore, hereinafter, it is expressed as f _E (W _t , t). For example, the age at the reference time is set as a default, and is treated as being aged daily with the number of days t. The height may be treated as a variable of the number of days t with the height at the reference time as a default, but in the case of an adult, it is treated as not changing from the reference time. The physical activity level is treated as constant from the reference time. If the physical activity level is unknown, use the average value of the general public. The physical activity level may be treated as a variable of the number of days t by setting a function of gradually decreasing the amount of activity with aging.

Considering postprandial meal-induced heat production is a heat production of (DIT (diet-induced thermogenesis) ), E t is also a function of I _{t. Et} is determined by the sum of three factors: basal metabolic rate, active metabolic rate, and diet-induced heat production. Meal-induced heat production is energy consumption caused by meals, which varies with the intake ratio of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, but on average it consumes about 10% of the energy intake from meals. When the amount of meal is increased or decreased, meal-induced heat production increases or decreases accordingly. In general, the estimated calculation of the energy consumption E _t is calculated by multiplying the physical activity level in the basal metabolic rate, the activity metabolic rate and diet-induced heat production dealing integrally the following equation:
E _t = f _E (W _t , t) ...... Equation 2
Is often calculated as However, considering the changes in the heat production by the dietary-induced heat production, the percentage of energy intake by dietary meal-induced heat production when D _R, and, the formula for obtaining the E _t, the following equation :
E _t = (1−D _R ) · f _E (W _t , t) + D _R · I _t ...... Equation 3
It is represented by In the present embodiment, D _R = 0.1, which is the average value for Japanese, is used, but E _t = f _E (W, t) may be used without considering the influence of diet-induced heat production. Furthermore, the heat production rate D _R1 with D _R as an average value is distinguished from the heat production rate D _R2 as an individual,
E _t = (1−D _R1 ) · f _E (W _t , t) −D _R2 · I _t ...... Expression 4
It is good. This is a formula that takes into account that the amount of heat produced by diet-induced heat production varies depending on the ratio of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in the food. For example, a value of D _R2 = 0.15 is known for a high protein diet.

The energy amount F _t (kcal / kg) per unit body weight is energy required to change the weight W _t by 1 kg. Since F _t can be a constant or a function, in the following explanation of the principle, F _t will be treated as a variable, but the change in body weight is considered to be due to the change in the amount of adipose tissue and adipocytes Can be treated as a constant value with reference to the amount of energy, F _t = F ₀ (constant). The case where F _t is used as a function is, for example, a case where F _t is changed until the time of delivery in consideration of the amount of energy per unit weight in the uterus such as a fetus in weight increase of a pregnant woman. The function F _t uses W _t and t as variables, and treats other parameters as defaults at the reference time. Therefore, it is expressed as F _t = f _F (W _t , t) below.

F _I (I _S ,...), Which is a condition for the energy intake I _t , is constant, and can be set as a composite function of the number of days t, the estimated energy consumption f _E (W _t , t), and the weight W _t . In f _I (I _S ,...), I _S , W _t and t are variables, and other parameters are treated as defaults. For example, the following formula:
I _t = I _S (I _S is a constant)
I _t = I _S − {f _E (W _t , 1) −f _E (W _t , t)}
I _t = [I _S · W ₁ / f _E (W ₁ , 1)] · [f _E (W _t , t) / W _t ]
You can set as follows. Therefore, it is expressed as I _t = f _I (I _S , W _t , t) below.

The amount of weight change per day ∂W _t / ∂t is expressed by Equation 1, and is expressed using the above f _I (I _S , Wt, t) and f _E (W _t , t), for example: Each of the following formulas:
∂W _t / ∂t = [f _I (I _S , W _t , t) −f _E (W _t , t)] / f _F (W _t , t)
∂W _t / ∂t = [f _I (I _S , W _t , t) − {(1−D _R ) · f _E (W _t , t) + D _R · I _t }] / f _F (W _t , t)
∂W _t / ∂t = [f _I (I _S , W _t , t) − {(1−D _R1 ) · f _E (W _t , t) + D _R2 · I _t }] / f _F (W _t , t)
become. Thus, the right side of the differential equation of Equation 1 can be expressed by a function having I _S , W _t, and t as parameters, and will be expressed as G (I _S , W _t , t) below.

The function G (I _S , W _t , t) is, for example,
I _t = f _I (I _S , W _t , t) = I _S (constant),
_{f E (W t, t)} = k 1 + k 2 · W t + k 3 · t (k n is a constant),
E _t = f _E (W _t , t),
F _t = F ₀ (constant)
Then, G (I _S , W _t , t) = [I _S − (k ₁ + k ₂ · W _t + k ₃ · t)] / F ₀
And the differential equation is:
∂W _t / ∂t = [I _S − (k ₁ + k ₂ · W _t + k ₃ · t)] / F ₀
become. Since the differential equation in this example is a first-order differential equation, a general solution with one undetermined constant increased can be obtained.

Here, the following differential equation with G (I _S , W _t , t) on the right side:
∂W _t / ∂t = G (I _S , W _t , t) ...... Formula 5
With C ₀ as an undetermined constant:
W _t = f _W (I _S , t, C ₀ ) (6)
Indicate. Here, since the function G (I _S , W _t , t) gives the slope of the tangent of the solution curve of the differential equation of Equation 5, it is hereinafter referred to as “gradient function”.

In the general solution W _t = f _W (I _S , t, C ₀ ) of Equation 6, I _S and C ₀ are interpolated or approximated by ω _t so as to determine only t as a parameter. Be determined I _S and C ₀ is a variable of a general solution of equation 6 is only the time t, since the weight W _t is a function of f _W (t) of time t only, with the f _W (t) The upper limit value or the lower limit value is calculated as the weight limit value. In the upper limit value or the lower limit value, the value (gradient) of Equation 5 becomes zero or converges to zero even for a moment. Since G (I _S , W _t , t) = 0 is obtained when I _t −E _t = 0, the limit value of the body weight is calculated as a value when the energy intake and consumption are balanced. be able to.

Since the undetermined constants of Equation 6 are I _S and C ₀ , if at least two data of W _a and W _b at t _a and t _b are known, simultaneous equations:
W _a = f _W (I _S , t _a , C ₀ ), W _b = f _W (I _S , t _b , C ₀ )
In principle, I _S and C ₀ can be determined.

Although it is possible to increase the determination accuracy of the I _S and undetermined constant C ₀ by a data to be used 3 times or more, the method of interpolation or approximation, in principle, seen as curve general solution of equation 6 Sometimes, there is an option to interpolate with a curve passing through data at two or more time points, or approximate with data at three or more time points. Methods for approximation include integral equations and least squares.

When Equation 6 which is a general solution of the differential equation of Equation 5 cannot be obtained analytically, the following recurrence formula in which the differential equation of Equation 5 is converted into a differential form:
W _{t + 1} = W _t + G (I _S , W _t , t) ...... Expression 7
Interpolate or approximate using. Calculates the value of the sequence W _t from t = 1 by substituting the I _S and W ₁ determined in recurrence formula of Formula 7, to calculate the upper limit or the lower limit of the W _t, the limit value of the weight It can be calculated.

When actually making the computer execute the calculation, the calculation formula for calculating the limit value by substituting the weight measurement data is prepared in advance by formula processing, or the initial value I _S and the weight prediction value are calculated. This is done by a method that uses an algorithm.

  As described above, the initial condition of the energy intake is determined and determined by the plurality of body weight measurement data in the condition of the weight change per day according to the measurement object including the conditions of the energy intake and the consumption 1 Since the limit value of the weight when assuming that the weight continues to change according to the daily weight change condition is calculated, it does not require complicated input of the initial condition of energy intake based on the daily meal amount, It is possible to calculate a limit value of body weight when energy intake and consumption are balanced. In addition, since a plurality of weight measurement data to be used are required, a weight limit value corresponding to the period of the used data is calculated, so that the lifestyle status during that period can be grasped by the weight limit value. .

Next, with reference to FIG. 8, the individual calculation principle of the weight limit value in the maintenance modes A, B, and C used in this embodiment will be described. The graph shown in FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the calculation principle, and does not reflect the actual calculation result. In the present embodiment, E _t uses Equation 3 assuming a normal energy balance meal, and F _t uses F _t = F ₀ (constant), so the following maintenance modes A, B, and C are used. The description will be made on the assumption of this condition.

First, the calculation principle of the maintenance mode A will be described. FIGS. 8A and 8A are graphs showing energy changes and weight changes in the maintenance mode A. FIG. (A) The vertical axis of 1 is energy, the vertical axis I _Sa is the initial value of energy intake, the horizontal axis is time, E _a is energy consumption, I _a is energy intake, Φ represents the time when E _a and I _a have the same value. The region G1 _a represents the total energy difference when the energy consumption E _a is larger than the energy intake I _a , and the region G2 _a represents the opposite energy difference. (A) longitudinal axis 2 a body weight, a horizontal axis represents time, W _a is the time variation of the weight, omega is the measurement of body weight, L _a vertical axis represents the limit value of the weight values, the horizontal axis Φ represents the time when the weight W _a is minimum.

In the sustain mode A, a constant value of energy intake I _t at time t, as indicated by the straight line I _a graph. That is, when the initial value of I _t is I _S , the maintenance condition of the energy intake in the maintenance mode A is the following formula:
I _t = I _S (constant) …… Equation 8
It becomes. When the energy consumption amount E _a is larger than the energy intake amount I _a , the weight W _a decreases, and the energy consumption amount E _a decreases as the weight decreases. Conversely, when the energy consumption amount E _a is smaller than the energy intake amount I _a , the weight W _a increases. At time Φ, since the energy consumption amount and the energy intake amount are equal, the change in weight becomes zero. At this time, the weight becomes _a “limit value” in which the weight does not decrease beyond the value of La.

The curve W _a representing the change in body weight shows a decrease in basal metabolism due to aging, although the body weight W _a decreases to _a certain limit value La even if the energy intake is kept constant at an amount smaller than the energy consumption. Shows that energy consumption will continue to decrease slightly and will continue to increase. In order to suppress this increase in body weight due to aging, it is necessary to reduce the amount of energy consumption due to aging every day and ingest it. The maintenance condition of the maintenance mode B described below is for suppressing weight gain due to aging.

Next, the calculation principle of the maintenance mode B will be described. 8B and 1B are graphs showing energy changes and weight changes in the maintenance mode B. FIG. (B) The vertical axis of 1 represents energy, the vertical axis I _Sb represents the initial value of energy intake, the horizontal axis represents time, E _b represents energy consumption, and I _b represents energy intake. A region G1 _b represents the total energy difference when the energy consumption E _b is larger than the energy intake I _b . (B) The vertical axis of 2 represents the body weight, the horizontal axis represents the time, W _b represents the time change of the body weight, ω represents the measured value of the body weight, and L _b on the vertical axis represents the limit value of the body weight value.

As described above, the maintenance mode B is represented by the line I _b under the maintenance condition that the amount of energy consumed by reducing the amount of energy consumption due to aging is consumed daily in order to suppress the increase in weight due to aging. ing. The maintenance condition of the energy intake in the maintenance mode B is as follows when the initial value of the energy intake is I _S and the estimated energy consumption is f _E (W _t , t):
I _t = I _S − [f _E (W _t , 1) −f _E (W _t , t)].
It is represented by (B) Graph I _b of energy intake at 1, gradually has decreased, but the graph of energy consumption E _b is gradually approaching from above, unlike the E _a and I _a maintenance mode A As the energy consumption E _b decreases, I _b further decreases, so that E _b and I _b do not intersect. Therefore, as shown in the curve of the weight W _b in (b) 2, the weight change in the maintenance mode B converges to the limit value L _b , and thus the limit value L _b becomes the convergence value.

  In the maintenance mode B, the limit value of the body weight value becomes the convergence value, but the feature is that the upper limit value can also be calculated by setting the limit value of the body weight value as the convergence value. In this respect, in the maintenance mode A, the weight continues to increase due to a decrease in metabolism due to aging. Therefore, when the weight is rising, there is no upper limit, and the limit value of the weight value can be calculated as a numerical value. Can not. However, by setting the limit value of the body weight value as the convergence value, the upper limit value is calculated in the state of increasing the body weight, and it can be understood how far the body weight increases. In weight management, there are many cases that suffer from “rebound”, but in maintenance mode B, an upper limit value that is useful for preventing rebound can be calculated. In addition, weight management may be aimed at increasing body weight in addition to weight loss, but in maintenance mode A, it is not possible to obtain an indicator of how much weight can be gained when the intake is maintained. However, according to the maintenance mode B, even in the weight management for the purpose of such weight increase, the lifestyle habits can be improved and maintained close to the target weight with reference to the limit value of the weight value.

Next, the calculation principle of the maintenance mode C will be described. FIGS. 8C and 1C are graphs showing energy changes and weight changes in the maintenance mode C. FIG. (C) The vertical axis of 1 represents energy, the vertical axis I _Sc represents the initial value of energy intake, the horizontal axis represents time, E _c represents energy consumption, and I _c represents energy intake. A region G1 _c represents the sum of energy differences when the energy consumption E _c is larger than the energy intake I _c . (C) The vertical axis of 2 is the body weight, the horizontal axis is the time, W _c is the time change of the body weight, ω is the measured value of the body weight, L _c of the vertical axis is the limit value of the body weight, and I2 is the limit The magnitude of the value L _c is represented by E2, and the magnitude of the weight W _{c at} time T is represented by E2.

In maintenance mode C, (c) As shown in the curve of I _c in (1), after increasing the intake I _c , the intake is reduced along with the decrease in energy consumption due to aging as in maintenance condition B. It is a maintenance condition that decreases. The maintenance condition C is a maintenance condition in which an amount of energy proportional to the estimated energy consumption per day per unit body weight is ingested every day, and the conditional expression of the maintenance condition C is that the initial value of the energy intake is I _S , When the estimated energy consumption is f _E (W _t , t), the following formula:
I _t = [I _S · W ₁ / f _E (W ₁ , 1)] · [f _E (W _t , t) / W _t ] (10)
Given in.

According to the maintenance condition of Equation 10, when the calculated limit value L _c is D _R = D _R1 = D _R2 , [I _S · W ₁ / f _E (W ₁ , 1)], which is known to coincide with the value of the part, Equation 10 is transformed to I _t / L _c = f _E (W _t , t) / W _t . Therefore, the ratio of the energy intake I _{t to} the estimated energy consumption f _E (W _t , t) and the ratio of the limit value L _{c to} the body weight W _t are equal to each other at all times t. Show. In the graph, the ratio of the magnitude of I2 in (c) 2 to the magnitude of E2 is equal to the ratio of the energy intake I _{T at} the time _{T to} the estimated energy consumption f _E (W _T , T).

Thus, by comparing the limit value L _c with the weight W _T at the current time T, the ratio of the energy intake at the time T to the estimated energy consumption can be grasped. In addition, from this, using the value of the limit value L _c in the maintenance condition C, an index indicating a balance state between the energy intake and the estimated energy consumption is provided by a ratio, a ratio value, a percentage thereof, a graph, or the like. be able to. In this embodiment, the percentage of the value of this ratio is calculated by calculating the intake / consumption ratio.

  In the maintenance mode C, it is further known from the results of calculation and mathematical expression analysis by the inventor that the limit value of the weight value is “convergence value”. The practical reason is that in the maintenance mode C, the intake amount proportional to the energy consumption per unit body weight is maintained, but when the energy consumption amount per unit body weight decreases due to aging, the intake is proportionally increased. This is because the condition is to reduce the amount. Thereby, in the maintenance mode C, similarly to the maintenance mode B, the limit value of the body weight value becomes the “convergence value” while taking into account the decrease in metabolism due to aging, and the “upper limit value” can be calculated. Thereby, it is possible to grasp how far the weight is likely to increase, and it can be used for weight management for the purpose of weight gain.

Further, according to the maintenance condition of Equation 10 and E _t of Equation 3, the differential equation of Equation 1 is expressed by the following equation when the constant C = I _S · W ₁ / f _E (W ₁ , 1):
∂W _t / ∂t = [f _E (W _t , t) · (1−D _R ) / F _t ] · (C / W _t −1).
Can be expressed as The general solution of the differential equation of Equation 11 is that if [f _E (W _t , t) · (1−D _R ) / F _t ]> 0, it converges to the value C when t is infinite. It is known from the inventor's calculation example and mathematical expression analysis. 1-D _R> is _{0, f E (W t,} t) is also because represents the energy consumption amount based on the basal metabolic rate, for a positive value, an expression of the general f _E (W _{t, t)} , when using the E _t of maintaining condition and formula 3 of the formula 10 can be obtained convergence value of W _t by calculating the value of C.

In this embodiment, the maintenance condition of Formula 10 is also used in the pet mode. As a formula of f _E (W _t , t) used in the pet mode, a known estimation formula is used in which the resting metabolic rate of a thermostat animal is proportional to the third power of the body weight. by using E _t conditions and equation 3, similar to the well-maintained modes C pets mode, the upper limit value becomes the limit value is converged value of the weight values are also obtained, further, used ingestion / consumption ratio calculation its value The ratio of the amount of energy intake to the estimated energy consumption can be grasped by comparing the limit value of the body weight value with the body weight.

  Thus, the limit value of the weight in the present invention can be used not only for human beings but also for living bodies in general if there is an energy consumption estimation formula. In the embodiment of the present invention, an example of a constant temperature animal is shown as a pet mode. However, similar estimation formulas and coefficients are known for microorganisms and thermogenic animals, and can be used by simply replacing the coefficients. .

(Calculation method for determining the initial condition I _S )
There are two main methods for determining the initial condition of energy intake. One is to calculate the initial value I _S of the energy intake directly and then calculate the limit value using that I _S , and the other is the initial condition of the energy intake at the same time as the calculation of the limit value. There is a method to indirectly determine the initial condition of energy intake without calculating. As a method for indirectly determining the initial condition of energy intake, there is a case of using a calculation formula for calculating a limit value of body weight from measurement data. This is because the initial value of the energy intake is indirectly determined by calculating the limit value by the calculation formula.

  The method for determining the initial condition of the energy intake is further divided into two types depending on whether or not a general solution (analysis solution) obtained analytically is used. The differential equation of Equation 1 may not provide a general solution analytically. However, since the general solution of Equation 6 itself follows the recurrence equation of Equation 7, interpolation or approximation is performed using the value obtained by the recurrence equation of Equation 7 in principle (formula) or numerically. .

  As an approximation method, there are a method using an integral equation and a method using a least square method.

First, as a calculation method using an integral equation, there is a method using an integral form of the differential equation of Equation 1. That is, the differential equation according to Equation 1 and Equation 2:
∂W _t / ∂t = (I _t −E _t ) / F _t = G (I _S , W _t , t)
, And integrating over the period n to T days, the formula representing the total amount of weight change from n to T days is the following integral equation:
^{_{∫ n T (∂W t / ∂t}} ) dt = ∫ n T (I t -E t) / F t dt = ∫ n T G (I S, W t, t) dt
...... Formula 12
As obtained. The energy equation is obtained by solving the integral equation of Equation 12 in advance for the undetermined initial condition I _{S by} mathematical processing and substituting the weight measurement data ω _t (t = 1 to T) for W _t and causing the computer to perform approximate calculation of the integral. it can be determined initial conditions I _S amount I _t. Using the initial condition I _S and the weight measurement data obtained here, the computer calculates the limit value as the lower limit value or the upper limit value using the recurrence formula of Formula 7.

There is also a method using the least square method. The least squares method is usually performed by determining a function (for example, a straight line or a polynomial) including an undetermined coefficient to be approximated and solving a partial differential equation for obtaining the least square sum mathematically using the differential expression of the function. Is called. However, it is assumed here that there are times when it is not possible to prepare a function curve W _t = f _W (t) that approximates the weight satisfying the condition. In that case, the least squares method must be used without knowing the function curve to be approximated. Therefore, using the weight measurement data ω _t and the recurrence formula of Equation 7, the computer calculates the square sum S of deviations between W _t and ω _t while changing the initial conditions W ₁ = W _S and I _S in small increments. A calculation is performed to search for the minimum value of _S, and a set of initial conditions W _S and I _S is determined. With such a method, the initial conditions W _S and I _S can be determined using the least square method without a function expression of the weight W _t to be approximated. If W _S and I _S are determined, the computer uses the recurrence formula of Equation 7 again to cause the computer to calculate the limit value as the lower limit value or the upper limit value.

The initial condition I _S is not only determined directly as a value in the calculation of the limit value of the body weight, but also the limit value is calculated without directly determining the I _S as a value by a calculation formula for determining the limit value of the body weight. Sometimes determined at the same time. For example, as the simplest example, under the condition of daily weight change, I _t = I _s (constant), E _t = k · W _t , (k: positive constant, E _t proportional to body weight W _t Then, assuming that F _t = F ₀ (positive constant), the differential equation of Equation 1 is:
∂W _t / ∂t = (I _S −k · W _t ) / F ₀ …… Equation 13
become that way. Solving Equation 13,
W _t = I _S / k + C ₀ · Exp (−k · t / F ₀ ) (C ₀ is a constant).
become. Analysis of Equation 14 shows that W _t converges to I _S / k when the number of days t is increased as much as possible. Therefore, the limit value L of the weight value is given by the following formula:
L = I _S / k
Can be calculated as At this time, for the undetermined constants I _S and C ₀ , when W ₁ = ω ₁ and W _T = ω _T are substituted, the following simultaneous equations:
ω ₁ = I _S / k + C ₀ · Exp (−k · 1 / F ₀ ),
ω _T = I _S / k + C ₀ · Exp (−k · T / F ₀ )
Meet. Substituting L = I _S / k, the following mathematical process from W ₁ and W _T as follows:
C ₀ = (ω ₁ −L) / Exp (−k · 1 / F ₀ )
ω _T = L + [(ω ₁ −L) / Exp (−k · 1 / F ₀ )] · Exp (−k · T / F ₀ )
ω _T = L + (ω ₁ −L) · Exp [−k · (T−1) / F ₀ ]
L = [ω _T −ω ₁ · Exp {−k · (T−1) / F ₀ }] / [1-Exp {−k · (T−1) / F ₀ }]
Formula to calculate L by processing with:
L = ω _T + (ω _T −ω ₁ ) / [Exp {k · (T−1) / F ₀ } −1] Equation 15
Can be derived. When the computer calculates L by substituting actual weight measurement data into ω _T and ω ₁ of the calculation formula of Formula 15, the limit value L of weight is obtained from the relationship L = I _S / k. at the same time, it is possible to determine the I _S is the initial condition of the energy intake. Note that the equivalent deformation formula of Formula 15 or an approximate formula based on series expansion may be used.

(Use of average weight)
In the method of calculating the limit value of weight using an approximation method such as the integral equation of Equation 12 or the calculation equation of Equation 15, the accuracy of the two measured data at the beginning and end of the term greatly affects the calculation result. To do. That is, the left side of the equation ^{_{12: ∫ n T (∂W t}} / ∂t) dt , running the integration of W _T -W _n becomes, the beginning and ending without depending on the change in the middle of the body weight W _t The value is determined by the value. Further, as in the equation 15, the weight measurement data may use only two data of the beginning ω ₁ and the ending ω _T. However, the measured value of the body weight is temporarily affected by the amount of body water without energy, the amount of undigested food, and the like. If the weight measurement data at the beginning and the end of the period are used as they are, this will have a sensitive effect on the calculation of the limit value, so it is better to calculate using the average weight for the days at the beginning or end of the period. Thereby, the temporary influence of such body water and the amount of undigested food can be removed. Therefore, in the case of using the approximation by the integral equation of Expression 12 or the interpolation method such as the calculation expression of Expression 15, the calculation is performed using the average value or moving average of the weight measurement data as appropriate. However, when using the least squares method to search not only the initial condition of energy intake but also the initial value of weight, it is not necessary to use the average value of weight data for this reason. A relatively accurate value can be obtained.

(Significance of the reference period, calculation method and effect)
Next, the significance and calculation principle in the weight management of the reference period will be described. The limit value of weight is a value indicating how much weight changes when a certain maintenance condition is maintained, but it is also important for weight management to know when and how much the weight changes in the process of reaching the limit value. This is an important point of view. Therefore, if it is calculated and presented, for example, how many days it takes for the difference between the limit value and the current weight to reach 50%, which is half, it is easy to maintain motivation to maintain and improve the limit value.

As the reference period, if the formula t = f ⁻¹ (W _t ) for predicting the number of days t (days) at which a certain weight is reached can be obtained by mathematical processing using the analytical solution of Formula 1, it is used. In the differential equation of Equation 1, an analytical solution is not always easily obtained by mathematical processing, and it is not rare that even if there is an analytical solution, the number of days t cannot be solved. When the analytical solution is not used, the recurrence formula of Formula 7 is sequentially calculated to calculate the number of days t to reach the target weight.

  The reference period makes it easy to create and execute a weight management plan. For example, suppose that the achievement period is 50%, that is, the reference period until the difference between the limit value of the weight value and the current weight becomes half 50% is 150 days. If you want to lose 5kg, improve your lifestyle with meals, etc. so that you can reduce your weight limit by 10kg, and maintain it for 150 days. I understand that I can do it. In order to avoid rebounding after 150 days have actually been achieved, the limit value of the weight value may be adjusted so as to be maintained near the achieved weight. In this way, the weight management plan can be easily made based on the reference period and the limit value of the weight, and it is possible to adjust the prevention of rebound after the achievement while confirming the progress of the execution.

(Method of calculation)
Below, the specific calculation method of the limit value of weight in this embodiment and a standard period is shown. Described weight measurement data omega _t equation and method for calculating approximate period M _T ^tau limit value L _T and achievement ratio tau weight value based on (in days t = 1 to T) for a period T d below. In the following calculation method, ω _t is shaped into continuous data for each day without an unmeasured day by an appropriate interpolation approximation method such as a linear interpolation method so that there is no data for an unmeasured day. Explain that it is.

  First, after describing (a) the range that can be calculated, (b) usage data, (c) common processing and constants as common terms, the maintenance mode A, maintenance mode B, maintenance mode C, and pet mode ) Show the individual calculation method in each mode.

(A) Range that can be calculated The data period T of the limit value of the weight value that can be calculated by the calculation method described below and the achievement rate τ of the reference period are as follows.
Weight value limit value L _T : Data period T ≧ 2 (data period T = 14, 28, 56, etc.)
Standard period M _T ^τ : Achievement rate 0 <τ <1 (τ = 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, etc.)

  In the present embodiment, the limit value of the weight value in the data period T = 14, 28 and 56 and the reference period of the achievement rate τ = 0.3, 0.5 and 0.75 at T = 56 are calculated. It is also possible to calculate the reference period at the limit values in other data periods or other achievement rates corresponding to them. When the data period T is set to a short period such as 7 days, the limit value fluctuates greatly. Therefore, T = 14 days (2 weeks) or more is preferable. Conversely, when T is set to a long period, the daily fluctuation is small. Therefore, since the function as an index for checking the improvement degree of lifestyle habits is reduced because it approaches the weight value, T = 56 days (8 weeks) or less is preferable. Moreover, since the lifestyle is generally a 7-day cycle, the data period T is preferably a multiple of 7.

(B) Weight measurement data and user data to be used In the following calculation method of the weight value limit value and the reference period, the following data are used as necessary. For the age, height, and physical activity level, values at the reference time t = 1 are used.
Weight measurement on day t of period T days: ω _t (kg) (t = 1 to T),
gender male Female,
Age: A (years old) (A ≧ 18),
Height: H (m),
Physical activity level: P (low = 1.50, normal = 1.75, high = 2.00)

  In the pet mode in this embodiment, sex, age, and height are not used. If the physical activity level of the pet is unknown, use “Normal = 1.75”. For example, a non-contraceptive dog is known to have a physical activity level of 1.8 and a cat of 1.4, which is almost the same as humans and uses the same category.

(C) Common processing and constants Common calculation processing and constants used in the calculation methods shown below are as follows. As an average value of the weight measurement ω _t , the following formula:
Average body weight for n days to day _t : Ω _t (kg) = (Σ _{i = (t−n + 1)} ^t ω _i ) / n
...... Formula 701
Use the value calculated in. Days n of Omega _t, in consideration of the fact that the lifestyle is formed at a period of typically 7 days, in the present embodiment, using the n = 7, 7 multiple of such n = 14, 21 Other days may be used. If n = 1, it is the same as using the measured value itself. In the following description, n = 7 is assumed. Note that Σ _{i = 1} ^N a _j represents the sum of a _{1 to} a _N with integers i = 1 to _N (the same applies hereinafter).

The symbol ∫ _a ^b f (x) dx in the calculation formula represents a definite integral in the interval [a, b], and the following integral approximation formula (a trapezoidal formula in which a and b are integers and a step width is 1):
∫ _a ^b f (x) dx≈Σ _{i = a} ^b f (i) − [{f (a) + f (b)} / 2]... 702
Approximate calculation using. The approximate calculation of the integral may use another approximate formula such as the Simpson formula.

The constant values are as follows:
Ratio of meal-induced heat production to energy intake and estimated energy consumption:
D _R = 0.1,
Energy per unit weight: F ₀ (kcal / kg) = 7200,
Value obtained by dividing F ₀ by (1−D _R ): F _D = F ₀ / (1−D _R ) = 8000,
Is used.

  The constants a, b, c, and d use the values in the following Table 1 based on the Harris Benedict formula, which is a well-known basal metabolic rate estimation formula, depending on gender. The Harris Benedict formula is an expression expressed in the form of “(basal metabolic rate per day: kcal / day) = a + b × (weight: kg) −c × (age: year) + d × (height: m)”. is there.

  In this embodiment, as a suitable formula for estimating the basal metabolic rate, from the viewpoints that the physique can be taken into account by the height, the age does not depend on the age class, and the formula processing is easy, a linear formula of the weight with an intercept In principle, use the “Harris Benedict Formula”. In addition, even if the reference value (value in parenthesis in Table 1) created using the value of the formula of the National Institute of Health and Nutrition that adjusts the constant value of the Harris Benedict formula for the Japanese is used. Good. As a formula used in the pet mode, a known estimation formula is used in which the resting metabolic rate of a thermostat animal is proportional to the third power of the body weight.

In addition, the amount of energy per unit weight F _t is calculated by assuming that the change in body weight is due to the change in fat cells, and subtracting 20% of the water content of fat cells from the energy of about 1 000 kcal / kg of fat. using the 7200 kcal / kg is a value as a constant value F _0.

(D) Individual calculation method in each mode The calculation formula of the limit value L _TA of the weight value of “mode A” and the calculation method of the reference period M _TA are shown as the following formula 711 and formula 712.

Limit value (kg): L _TA = (I _SA −α) / (F _D · β) + (γ / β ² ) · log _e (β ² · X / γ),
X = [Ω _T − (I _SA −α) / (F _D · β) + γ / β ² − (T−3) · γ / β] · Exp ((T−3) · β),
When X ≦ 0, “No upper limit”,
I _SA = _{[F D · (Ω T -Ω 7} ) + ∫ 7 T f E (Ω t, t) dt ] / (T-7),
Function f _E (Ω _t , t) = P · [a + b · Ω _t −c · {A + (t−1) / 365} + d · H],
α = P · (ac−A + c / 365 + d · H),
β = P · b / F _D ,
γ = P · c / 365 …… Formula 711

Reference period of achievement rate τ (days): M _TA ^τ = t _M −T,
Function f _MA (t) = α / β−γ / β ² + γ · t / β + X · Exp (−β · t),
W _GA (kg) = Ω _T + τ · (L _TA −Ω _T ),
t _M : t of f _MA (t) is incremented by 1 from T, and the value of t when f _MA (t)> W _GA is _satisfied.
...... Formula 712

When the formulas 711 and 712 are calculated by the limit value calculation unit 396 and the reference period calculation unit 397 in S37 and S38, first, in step S710, data such as gender of the data 70 of the designated ID, and the weight measurement data ω _{Using t} (t = 1 to T) as the last T pieces of data of the weight measurement data array ω [n], I _SA in the equation 711 is expressed as a constant value a, b, c, d, A, H, P and F _D , a function f _E (Ω _t , t), an expression for obtaining an average value Ω _t of ω _t in Expression 701, and an integral approximation expression in Expression 702 are calculated. Next, in step S711, X of Expression 711 is calculated using the I _SA calculated in S710, and L _TA is calculated using the value of X.

Subsequently, as a step S712, a reference period is calculated by the algorithm of Expression 712. In S712, first, the weight W _GA of the target, for each τ to calculate, calculated by such L _TA calculated in Omega _T, S711 calculated in S710, the t of the function f _MA (t) from t = T Add one by one to calculate the value t _M of t when f _MA (t)> W _GA, and calculate the reference period M _TA ^τ from the equation of M _TA ^τ of Equation 712 using t _M. In S712, a known algorithm for finding an equation solution such as Newton's method may be used as an algorithm that converges faster than the algorithm in S712. Note that X, α, β, and γ in Equation 712 are the same as in Equation 711.

By Equation 711, the limit value of the weight value in mode A can be calculated. Expression 711 is derived by a method using an integral equation. Gradient functions G _A rate of change is a condition subject weighing Formula 711, an average value Omega _t the weight measurement data, the formula 8 in I _t, using equation 3 to E _t, the F _t F ₀ ( Constant) as:
G _A (I _S , Ω _t , t) = [I _S −f _E (Ω _t , t)] / F _D.
It becomes. Formula 711 are those derived using the integral equation Analytical and Equation 12 when substituting gradient function G _A of formula 713 to the right side of the differential equation of Formula 5. I _SA of Formula 711 is an expression to determine the initial condition of the energy intake. Formula 711 is derived in consideration of the fact that the limit value of the weight is brought about when the differential coefficient of the analytical solution of the differential equation becomes zero.

  In Expression 711, when the value of X becomes zero or negative, the limit value of the weight value cannot be calculated as a value, and is treated as “no upper limit”. This reflects the decrease in basal metabolic rate due to aging and is a natural result.

Next, calculation formulas of the limit value L _TB and the reference period M _TB of the weight value of “mode B” are shown as the following formula 721 and formula 722.

Limit value (kg): L _TB = (I _SB −α) / (P · b),
I _SB = [F _D · (Ω _T −Ω ₇ ) + ∫ ₇ ^T {f _E (Ω _t , t) + t · P · c / 365} dt] / (T−7),
Function f _E (Ω _t , t) = P · [a + b · Ω _t −c · {A + (t−1) / 365} + d · H],
α = P · (ac−A + c / 365 + d · H) (Formula 721)

Reference period of achievement rate τ (days): M _TB ^τ =-(1 / β) · log _e (1-τ),
β = P · b / F _D ...... Formula 722

Gradient function G _B of the formula 721, a mean value Omega _t the weight measurement data, the formula 9 to I _t, using equation 3 to E _t, the F _t as F ₀ (constant), the following formula:
G _B (I _S , Ω _t , t) = [I _S −f _E (W _t , 1)] / F _D.
It becomes. Similar to Expression 711, Expression 721 is derived by a technique using an analytical solution of the differential equation of Expression 5 and an integral equation of Expression 12.

  The limit value of the weight value in mode B can be calculated by the equation 721. In mode B, the limit value of the weight value is calculated as “convergence value”, and “upper limit value” is also calculated.

  The reference period in mode B can be calculated by equation 722. The reference period of mode B is determined by the achievement rate, gender and physical activity level of the user data, and is calculated as a value that is not affected by changes in body weight. Formula 722 is also a formula to which the theory of half-life can be applied. For example, if the target period of 50% achievement rate (the remaining half) is 100 days, 75% (remaining) A quarter) is achieved.

Next, the calculation formula for the limit value L _TC and a guide period M _TC weight value of "Mode C" shown as Formula 731 and Formula 732 below.

Limit (kg): L _TC = _{[F D · (Ω T -Ω 7} ) + ∫ 7 T f E (Ω t, t) dt ] / R _C,
R _C = ∫ ₇ ^T [f _E (Ω _t , t) / Ω _t ] dt,
Function f _E (Ω _t , t) = P · [a + b · Ω _t −c · {A + (t−1) / 365} + d · H]
...... Formula 731

Target period of achievement rate τ (days): M _TC ^τ = f _MC (Ω _T ) −f _MC (W _GC ),
W _GC = Ω _T + τ · (L _TC −Ω _T ),
Function f _MC (x) = [κ · log _e (x + κ) + β · L _T · log _e | x−L _TC |] / (κ · β + β ² · L _TC ),
κ = P · (ac−A + d · H) / F _D ,
β = P · b / F _D …… Formula 732

Gradient function G _C of formula 731, an average value Omega _t the weight measurement data, the formula 10 I _t, using equation 3 to E _t, the F _t F ₀ (constant), as constant C, the following Formula:
G _C (I _S , Ω _t , t) = [(1-D _R ) · f _E (Ω _t , t) / F _D ] · (C / Ω _t −1)
...... Formula 733
It becomes. Expression 731 is derived by substituting Expression 733 into the integral equation of Expression 12 and solving for C. As described above, this C becomes the limit value _LTC as it is.

  As described above, the limit value of the weight value in the mode C can be calculated by the equation 731. According to the equation 731, the limit value of the weight value is a convergence value, and the upper limit value can also be calculated. Further, in the limit value of the body weight value according to the formula 731, the intake / consumption ratio can be grasped from the ratio of the limit value of the body weight value to the body weight.

Expression 732 calculates the reference period in mode C and is an approximate expression. Strictly speaking, numerical calculation is required as in Expression 712, but if an expression of energy consumption that does not consider aging is used, the analytical solution of the differential equation of Expression 1 is the inverse function of weight W _t for obtaining the number of days t. Since the error is several days, the inverse function is used.

Next, the calculation formula for the limit value L _TP and a guide period M _TP weight value of "pet mode", shown as formulas 741 and 742 below.

Limit (kg): L _TP = _{[F D · (Ω T -Ω 7} ) + ∫ 7 T f EP (Ω t, t) dt ] / R _P,
R _P = ∫ ₇ ^T [f _EP (Ω _t , t) / Ω _t ] dt,
Function f _EP (Ω _t , t) = P · ρ · Ω _t ^0.75 ,
ρ = 0.8333 ・ 20.65 ・ 4.1 …… Formula 741

Target period of achievement rate τ (days): M _T ^τ = [f _MP (W _GP ) −f _MP (Ω _T )] · P / (F _D · ρ),
W _GP = Ω _T + τ (L _TP −Ω _T ),
Function f _MP (x) = λ · log _e | (λ−x ^0.25 ) / (λ + x ^0.25 ) | −2 · λ · Arctan (x ^0.25 / λ) + 4 · x ^0.25 ,
λ = L _TP ^0.25 ...... Formula 742

Gradient function G _P of formula 741, the average value Omega _t the weight measurement data, the formula 10 I _t, using equation 3 to E _t, the F _t F ₀ (constant), C is a constant, the following Formula:
G _P (I _S , Ω _t , t) = [(1-D _R ) · f _EP (Ω _t , t) / F _D ] · (C / Ω _t −1)
...... Formula 743
It becomes. Similar to Equation 731, Equation 741 is derived by substituting Equation 743 for the integral equation of Equation 12 and solving for C. As described above, C becomes the limit value _LTP as it is. According to Expression 741, the limit value of the weight value is a convergence value, and the upper limit value can also be calculated. Further, in the limit value of the weight value according to the equation 741, the intake / consumption ratio can be grasped from the ratio of the limit value of the weight value to the weight.

The function f _EP (Ω _t , t) of Equation 741 is an equation for estimating the resting metabolic rate R _EE (J / s, watts) of a constant temperature animal having a weight W (kg) with R _EE = 4.1 · W ^0.75. I use it. The coefficient ρ is the _REE coefficient 4.1, which converts the resting metabolic rate into the basal metabolic rate (1 / 1.2 = 0.8333) and converts the unit of work rate J / s to kcal / day. .

  When the formulas 721, 722, 731, 732, 741 and 742 are calculated by the limit value calculation unit 396 and the reference period calculation unit 397, the specified ID data 70 and the weight measurement data array ω [n without data omission are used. ], The detailed steps will not be described.

Note that Ω _t in Equation 721, Equation 731 and Equation 741 uses “average of 7 days” where n = 7, but 7 days can be obtained by appropriately replacing the number of days “7” in each equation with another number of days n. It can be used for other days. In Expression 711, in addition to appropriately replacing the number of days “7” with another number of days n, and further replacing (T−3) with {T + 1− (n + 1) / 2}, the number of days other than 7 days can also be used. Is possible.

  The calculation method of the weight limit value is not limited to the above method, and there are various other calculation methods. As a modification, a method that can be used under the general conditions of energy intake and consumption using the least square method and a calculation formula on the assumption that the estimated energy consumption is proportional to body weight are shown below.

(Modification 1 of calculation method)
First, a calculation method of the limit value of the body weight and the reference period that can be used under the general energy intake and consumption conditions using the least square method will be described as a first modification of the calculation method.

As a premise, ω _t (kg) is the weight measurement value on the t-th day for a certain period of T days, the initial value of energy intake is I _S (kcal / day), and the estimated weight value on the t-th day from the reference date is and [psi _t (kg), at least I _S and [psi gradient function having _t to a parameter G seek daily weight change quantity (I _S, [psi _t, ...) and to the recurrence formula [psi _t follow [psi _{t + 1} = Ψ _t + G (I _S , Ψ _t ,...), And the initial value Ψ ₁ of Ψ _t is Ψ _S (kg).

The gradient function G (I _S , Ψ _t ,...) Is determined as a specific mathematical expression according to Equation 1. An example of energy consumption E _t in Formulas 2 4, although an example of a maintenance condition of energy intake I _t in Equation 8 to Equation 10, the gradient function by any estimation equation and conditions G (I _S, Ψ _t ,...) Can be set. As parameter parameters of the gradient function G, I _S and Ψ _t are necessary, but other days t can be entered. Other parameters such as age A and height H at the reference time are treated as predetermined constants in the calculation stage.

For example, when the limit values of the weights in the maintenance modes A, B, C, and the pet mode are calculated according to the first modification of the calculation method, the following gradient function G may be set. That is, D _R , F ₀ , P, A, H, a, b, c and d are constants,
G (I _s , ψ _t , t) = [I _t − {(1−D _R ) · f _E (ψ _t , t) + D _R · I _t }] / F ₀
And the estimation formula f _E (Ψ _t , t) for the estimated energy consumption is as follows in the maintenance modes A, B and C:
_{f E (Ψ t, t)} = P · _{[a + b · Ψ t -c ·} {A + (t-1) / 365} + d · H ]
In pet mode, it is a formula for constant temperature animals,
f _E (ψ _t , t) = P · 0.8333 · 20.65 · 4.1 · ψ _t ^0.75 ,
And then, maintaining condition I _t of energy intake, a maintaining mode A has the formula 8, a maintaining mode B is formula 9, maintaining mode C and pets mode Equation 10 may be used, respectively. In the example of Expression 13, the gradient function G (I _S , Ψ _t ,...) Is expressed by the following expression with k and F ₀ as constants:
G (I _S , Ψ _t ) = (I _S −k · Ψ _t ) / F ₀
It becomes. In addition, if a function for obtaining the physical activity level according to the child's height, age, body surface area, and estimated energy consumption per unit body surface area is prepared, the limit value of the weight can be calculated even for a human under 18 years old.

I _t is, since an amount to be intentionally varied in measured, the degree of freedom of setting is high. For example, it may be set a condition such as "reduced by 20% for one month from the current based on the energy intake I _S that retain the current constant." Conditional expression of I _t is, according to this condition,
I _t = I _S (when 1 ≦ t ≦ T),
I _S · (1−0.2) (when T <t ≦ T + 30),
I _S (when t> T + 30)
It becomes. Although this conditional expression can be expressed by a single mathematical expression and a mathematical expression that can be differentiated, in the first modification of the calculation method, mathematical processing such as solving a differential equation as shown below is possible. Since it is unnecessary, it may be a discrete setting as described above, and the setting is relatively easy.

At the beginning of the calculation process, in step S91, the following function S (I _S , Ψ _S ) is calculated using I _S and Ψ _S as parameters to obtain the sum of squares of deviations:
S (I _S , Ψ _S ) = Σ _{k = 1} ^T (Ψ _k −ω _k ) ² ...... Expression 771
, A set of values of I _S and ψ _S (I _Smin , ψ _Smin ) that minimizes the value of S (I _S , ψ _S ) is obtained by numerical calculation by the CPU.

Here, as the search range and step width of I _S and Ψ _S , for example, the following ranges and values:
Search range −5000 ≦ I _S ≦ 10000, step width 10 (kcal / day),
Search range ω ₁ −10 ≦ Ψ _S ≦ ω ₁ +10, step size 0.1 (kg)
Set. The reason why the minimum value of the search range of I _S is made negative is that the limit value of the body weight value may temporarily become a negative value when extreme dietary restrictions are made.

This is the set of (I _S , Ψ _S ) when the sum of Expression 771 is calculated for all (I _S , Ψ _S ) pairs with the above search range and step size, and the sum of Expression 771 is minimized. (I _Smin , Ψ _Smin ) is calculated. Since there are 1501 × 201 combinations of (I _S , Ψ _S ) in this example, the number of searches may be reduced using a known algorithm such as the golden section method.

For the values from Ψ ₁ to Ψ _T , the recursion formula Ψ _{t + 1} = Ψ _t + G (I _S , Ψ _t ,...) Is substituted with the set of (I _S , Ψ _S ) targeted in the search range. Can be obtained. Using this value, the value of the square of the deviation from k = 1 to T (Ψ _k −ω _k ) ² is obtained. All combinations of (I _S , Ψ _S ) are substituted, and a set of values of I _S and Ψ _S (I _Smin , Ψ _Smin ) that minimizes the value of S (I _S , Ψ _S ) is calculated.

In the next step S92 and step S93, using (I _Smin , Ψ _Smin ) that minimizes the value of S (I _S , Ψ _S ), and moving t from T to the number of survivable days V (days) the upper limit value [psi _SUP or the lower limit value [psi _INF of [psi _t, a recurrence formula _{Ψ t + 1 = Ψ t +} G (I S, Ψ t, ...) determined by substituting the. For example, V = 365 · (120−A), assuming that the survivable days V live for 120 years. V may be set in a short period of time such as 3650 days (10 years) if an upper limit value or a lower limit value can be calculated.

In step S92, initial values (I _Smin , ψ _Smin ) are substituted into the recurrence formula Ψ _{t + 1} = Ψ _t + G (I _S , Ψ _t ,...), And 1 day from t = 1 to the survivable days V. Each time, the value of Ψ _t is determined, and the number of days MAXt or MINt at which Ψ _t is maximum or minimum is calculated in the range of t ≧ T, and the maximum value Ψ _MAXt or minimum value Ψ _{MINt at MAXt} or _MINt , and calculates the previous day weight value [psi _MINt-1 of the previous day of the body weight value [psi _MaxT-1 or minimum value of the maximum value.

Next, in step S93, the upper limit value Ψ _SUP or the lower limit value Ψ _INF is calculated as follows.

When there is _MAXt of the maximum value Ψ _MAXt , (1) when MAXt = T, “no value”, and (2) when T <MAXt <V, the maximum value Ψ _MAXt of Ψ _t is set to the upper limit value Ψ _SUP (3) When MAXt = V, the convergence determination inequality: | Ψ _MAXt −Ψ _MAXt−1 | <error ε (error ε uses, for example, 0.000001 _kg ; the same _applies hereinafter) (a) This inequality If it satisfies, it has converged, so the maximum value Ψ _MAXt of Ψ _t is set to the upper limit value Ψ _SUP . (B) If this inequality is not satisfied, it does not converge, so “no upper limit”.

When there is a minimum value Ψ _MINt MINt, (1) when MINt = T, “no value”, and (2) when T <MINt <V, the minimum value Ψ _MINt of Ψ _t is set to the lower limit value Ψ _INF and then, (3) MINt = when and V, convergence determination _{inequality: | Ψ MINt -Ψ MINt-1} | About <error epsilon, (a) if it meets the inequality, since the convergence, the minimum value of [psi _{t Let} Ψ _MINt be the lower limit value Ψ _INF, and (b) If this inequality is not satisfied, it is not converged, so “no lower limit”.

Next, in step S94, a limit value L _T weighing value between a time period T day, calculated stores [psi _INF or [psi _SUP or "no limit" or "no limit" when there is a value, the next guideline period The calculation process proceeds to step S95. In addition, when it depends on the conditions of general energy intake and consumption, there may be two limit values, an upper limit value and a lower limit value.

In step S95, the reference period M _T ^τ of the achievement rate τ is calculated for the limit value L _T calculated in step S94. First, the target weight Ψ _G corresponding to the achievement rate τ is expressed by the following formula:
Ψ _G = τ · (L _T −Ω _T ) + Ω _T
Calculate with Next, as in step S92, initial values (I _Smin , Ψ _Smin ) are substituted into the recurrence formula Ψ _{t + 1} = Ψ _t + G (I _S , Ψ _t ,...), And Ψ _t is sequentially calculated from t = T. When Ψ _T > Ψ _G , the value t when Ψ _t <Ψ _G is obtained, and when Ψ _T <Ψ _G , the value t when Ψ _t > Ψ _G is obtained. Estimated period of achievement ratio τ and M _T ^τ. When the calculation of the reference period is completed, the process returns to the original process and the next display process is performed.

According to the first variation of the above calculation method, not only “children” that consider changes in height and “pregnant women” that consider the amount of energy per unit weight of the fetus, but also non-human measurement targets. If the gradient function G is defined even when a complex function is used under general conditions, the limit value of the body weight including the convergence value and the upper limit value can be calculated. Since the initial value Ψ _{S of the} body weight is also a search target, it is possible to calculate a limit value with higher accuracy than a method in which only the I _S is determined. Variation 1 of this calculation method is a method suitable for calculation on a device having a higher CPU calculation capability than the weight scale 3 such as the server 5, but by setting various conditions such as energy intake and consumption. It can also be used as a method for comparing each other.

(Modification 2 of calculation method)
Next, a weight calculation method based on the premise that the estimated energy consumption is proportional to the weight is shown as a second modification of the calculation method. The formula for the limit value L _T and a guide period M _T weight values, shown in Equation 791 and Equation 792 below.

Limit value (kg): L _T = Ω _n + (Ω _T −Ω _n ) / (1−Exp (−ξ)),
= Ω _T + (Ω _T −Ω _n ) / (Exp (ξ) −1),
= [Ω _n + Ω _T + (Ω _T −Ω _n ) / tanh (ξ / 2)] / 2
= [Ω _n + Ω _T + (Ω _T −Ω _n ) · coth (ξ / 2)] / 2
≒ (Ω _n + Ω _T ) / 2 + (Ω _T −Ω _n ) / ξ + ξ ・ (Ω _T −Ω _n ) / 12,
≒ (Ω _n + Ω _T ) / 2 + (Ω _T −Ω _n ) / ξ,
ξ = BM _R · P · (T−n) / F _D (BM _R is the value of Table 2 below according to age A and gender),
Series expansion expression of the hyperbolic cotangent function coth (ξ / 2) ≒ 2 / ξ + ξ / 6-ξ 3/360 + ···
...... Formula 791

Reference period of achievement rate τ (days): M _T ^τ = − [F _D / (BM _R · P)] · log _e (1−τ)
... Formula 792

Next, Table 2 used in Expression 791 and Expression 792 is shown. Table 2 shows daily basal metabolism per kg body weight: BM _R (kcal / day / kg) by gender and age. “Japanese dietary intake standards (2015 edition)” (non-patent literature) It was created according to the “basal metabolism reference value” in 1).

The estimation method based on the premise that the estimated energy consumption is proportional to the body weight is generally prevalent because the calculation of the estimation is simplified, although an error due to the physique difference from the standard body type may occur. Is an estimation method. The estimated energy consumption _f E _(W t, t) is, by multiplying the physical activity level P and the body weight _{W t} in the basal metabolic rate BM _R of 1 day per body weight 1kg, the following formula:
f _E (W _t , t) = BM _R · P · W _t
Calculate with Here, the daily basal metabolic rate BM _R per kg body weight was divided by the body weight to obtain the estimated energy consumption, such as the Harris Benedict formula, to reflect the physique difference. A value may be calculated and used in practice.

Formula 791 represents the estimated energy consumption E _R per kg body weight by the following formula:
E _R = BM _R · P
And _FD is a constant, the average value Ω _t is used for the weight, and the gradient function G (I _S , Ω _t ,...) Is expressed by the following formula:
G (I _S , Ω _t , t) = (I _S −E _R · Ω _t ) / F _D ...... Formula 793
In the same way as the derivation examples from Formula 13 to Formula 15, the limit value is similarly a convergence value, and the upper limit value can also be calculated. The conditions of energy intake and consumption in Equation 791 are the conditions of I _t and E _t that satisfy the gradient function of Equation 793. If E _R is assumed to be constant, I _{S is} constant and the form of Equation 8 is obtained. Assuming that E _R changes with age, I _S is in the form of Equation 9, and further, Equation 10 or Equation 11 that takes intake proportional to the estimated energy consumption per unit weight. It may satisfy. Thus, when calculating the limit value of the body weight value according to Equation 791, the conditions for energy intake and consumption are adjusted to fit the gradient function of Equation 793.

Equation 791 can be mathematically approximated by various equivalent transformations and series expansions as shown there, but when using the series expansion formula of the hyperbolic function coth (or tanh), the number of operations is simple. Therefore, the calculation formula is suitable for providing a value with a device such as the weight scale 3 that has a low processing capacity of the CPU as compared with a device equipped with a high-performance CPU such as the server 5. Yes. Incidentally, the limit value L _T as the weight value according to formula 791, it becomes a value approximate to the limit value L _TC weight values according to formula 731, it has been found by the calculation result of the inventors.

(Calculation methods such as body mass index and weight change limit)
As a modification of the limit value of the body weight, a limit value of the body mass index that can be calculated from the body weight and height such as BMI may be calculated. BMI is a physique index calculated by “(weight: kg) / (height: m) / (height: m)”.
The limit value L _BMI of the BMI value is expressed by the following formula when the limit value of the weight value is L (kg) and the height is H (m):
L _BMI = L / H ²
It can be calculated by Other body mass indices can be calculated as limit values by substituting the weight limit value L for the body mass index weight.

  The limit value of body mass index such as BMI is also an index of obesity, skinnyness, etc. By maintaining the limit value of body weight or body mass index, the weight will approach that value, so the obesity and skinnyness are eliminated Can be used as an indicator of

Limit values such as weight and BMI may be calculated not only as limit values but also as a change amount, a change rate, or a change rate. Limit value of the weight change quantity, the limit value of the weight values is L, when present the weight and W _T, for example the following formula:
Limit of weight change = L-W _T (kg)
Limit value of weight change ratio = L / W _T −1
Limit value of weight change rate = (L / W _T -1) · 100 (%)
Calculate with Similarly, the amount of change of the body mass index such as BMI, the change rate, or the limit value of the change rate can also be calculated.

(effect)
Weight limits are calculated based on changes in body weight, so as long as they affect your weight, whether you reduce your energy intake with food or increase your energy consumption with exercise habits, your weight limits It is reflected in the value of. In addition, changes in energy status due to unconscious lifestyle changes also affect the limit values. Therefore, the limit value of body weight functions as a comprehensive evaluation tool of lifestyle habits that influence the state of energy difference between intake and consumption.

  The limit value of the body weight can take various values depending on the condition of the amount of change in body weight per day (gradient function G including the conditions of energy intake and consumption) even if the weight measurement data is the same. The weight limit value is calculated based on the actual weight change as the weight approaches when this condition is maintained. Conversely, if the weight is controlled to maintain the limit value, this condition is changed. It will also satisfy. Therefore, if the measurement subject's lifestyle is improved and maintained so as to maintain the limit value, for example, in the above maintenance mode B, the value of the amount of metabolic reduction for aging is calculated every day and the amount of meal commensurate with it. There is no need for life improvement that is conscious of complex conditions such as “reducing”. In order to converge the weight against the increase in weight due to the decrease in metabolism due to aging, it is only necessary to set a condition that converges the weight so that the calculated limit value is maintained. . In order to consciously perform such control, delicate control of the amount of meal and exercise amount is necessary, but by using the limit value of weight in this embodiment, simple numerical control of maintaining the limit value Can be performed instead.

  When the unit is kg, the limit value of “body weight value” is a value indicating how much weight the body weight changes when maintaining a certain condition. It is also assumed that the weight value of the object to be measured is also grasped by showing the limit value of "Change rate" or "Change rate" such as the limit value of " Therefore, the same effect as the limit value of the weight value can be brought about in weight management. Similarly, the limit value of the body mass index value such as the BMI value can have the same effect as the limit value of the body weight index and the limit value of the body mass index value by the limit value of the change amount, the change rate, or the change rate. Since a body mass index such as BMI is an index that makes it easy to compare the obesity of measurement objects with different heights, the limit value of the body mass index is also suitable for comparing many measurement objects with each other.

(Modification of the embodiment)
In the above-described embodiment, the weight scale 3 performs all calculations, but the server 5 may be configured to perform various calculations and input / output. In the present invention, since the weight measurement function is not an essential component, the server 5 may be provided with a weight acquisition means, and the measured weight measurement value may be acquired in association with the measurement date.

  When using the measurement function of the weight scale 3, the weight measurement value may be transmitted to the server 5 together with the measurement date and time in step S2. When the CPU 521 of the control unit 52 of the server 5 receives the weight measurement value and the measurement date / time from the weight scale 3, the CPU 521 acquires the measurement data 71 of the weight measurement value, executes the process according to the flowchart of FIG. The storage unit 55 may perform display and the display unit 54 may perform display.

  When the measurement function of the weight scale 3 is not used, the server 5 may be configured to acquire the user by inputting the weight measurement value and the measurement date from the operation unit 53. The server 5 may be configured to transmit information to be displayed on the screen of the display unit 54 to the weight scale 3. The weight scale 3 may be configured to receive this information and display the received information on the display unit 35.

  Furthermore, the server 5 is connected to the server 5 through the communication means, and measures the weight transmitted from other devices having input means such as a personal computer, a mobile phone, a smartphone, and a PDA not shown in the figure. A value may be acquired together with a measurement date, and a calculation result by the server 5 may be transmitted to these devices and displayed using a display function of these devices.

  As described above, even when the server 5 performs the process, it is possible to notify the user of the result of the calculation of the weight limit value. In addition, when the server 5 is used in this way, for example, an instructor or the like can confirm and advise the user.

  The display screen displayed on the server 5 or a device connected to the server 5 is not limited to that shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, weight and BMI limits in different data periods such as 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks are displayed on the display unit 54 of the server 5 or the display unit of the device connected to the server 5. Along with the weight value, it may be displayed as a graph in time series. In that case, the limit value and the reference period of the time-series weight values are determined in the server 5 based on the weight measurement data for the past one year, for example, based on the weight value limit value and the reference period for each date. What is necessary is just to calculate separately as a limit value etc.

  FIGS. 9A and 9B are display screens of a time series graph for one year created based on the weight measurement data for one year calculated in the maintenance mode C based on the actual weight measurement data. It is an example. In this example, looking at the “weight / BMI” line in (a), the weight has dropped from around 82 kg to around 70 kg in about 6 months, 12 kg. “Limit values for body weight and BMI” are represented by three lines of 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks data, and in the initial 8 weeks (56 days), the limit value of body weight is about 54 kg. ing. Also, in the time series graph of 2 weeks or 4 weeks data, the curve of the graph moves more sensitively than 8 weeks data, and it is possible to grasp the state of lifestyle change at an earlier timing. Furthermore, since this graph is created by the values calculated in the maintenance mode C, the graph of the body weight and the limit value represents the ratio of the energy consumption and the intake energy, and the balance state of the energy intake and the consumption amount. Can be grasped intuitively.

  Fig. 9 (b) is a one-year time series graph in which the target periods of 30%, 50% and 75% of the achievement rate corresponding to the limit value (2 weeks data) of (a) are displayed in time series. It is. Looking at the target period of “achievement rate 30%” in the graph, it is about 80 to 100 days in the initial stage. The standard period of “achievement rate 50%” is about 170 to 160 days in the initial stage. It is a calculation in which the difference between the body weight and the limit value of the body weight is reduced by 30% in 3 months, and the difference between the body weight and the limit value of the body weight is halved in 5 to 6 months. Looking at the movement of the weight in the graph, it is about 74 kg after 3 months and about 70 kg after 6 months. The initial three months are almost as predicted in the reference period. If the initial limit level is estimated to be around 54 kg, it will be (82 + 54) / 2 = 68 kg, which is the average of weight and limit values after about 5 to 6 months. Yes. This is thought to be because the limit level has risen from about four months later, as can be seen from the graph of the limit value for 8 weeks.

  In this way, the time series graph of FIG. 9A shows how the weight limit value has changed in a certain period, and allows the user to grasp when a change in lifestyle habits has occurred. . By checking whether the limit value is maintained below the weight target for weight loss in the time series graph, it is possible to grasp the effects of lifestyle improvement and the necessity for improvement. Also, the speed of the weight change can be grasped from the vertical relationship between the graph of the weight limit value and the graph of the weight value and the degree of the difference. It can be seen that when the limit value graph is below the body weight, the body weight decreases, but in the opposite case, it tends to increase. It can be seen that when the difference between the weight and the limit value is large, the weight changes greatly, and when the difference is small, the change decreases. Moreover, the limit value of the weight is an index that moves more sensitively than the change in the weight, and it is possible to reveal a change in lifestyle that is not noticed only by looking at the change in the weight.

  Since BMI is an index proportional to body weight, even if the body weight and BMI are taken on the left and right axes of the time series graph, numerical values on two axes can be expressed simultaneously with a single line. It is possible to grasp whether it is a lifestyle habit of maintaining a typical physique (BMI 18.5 to 25) by reading the limit value line of weight / BMI from the graph.

  Furthermore, the above-described weight management method performed by the weight scale 3 or the server 5 in the present embodiment can be provided as a program. Such a program can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, a ROM, or a memory card and provided as a program product. Alternatively, the program can be provided by being recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk built in the computer. A program can also be provided by downloading via a network.

  The provided program product is installed in a program storage unit such as a hard disk, and is read and executed by the CPU. The program product includes the program itself and a recording medium on which the program is recorded.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  The present invention not only improves and maintains an individual's lifestyle for the purpose of weight management, but also uses the weight value of the group in consideration of the average value and body mass index of the group as data, thereby improving the diet of the group. It can also be used for evaluation and guidance.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Weight management system 3 Scale 5 Server 34 Operation part 35 Display part 351 User display 352 Maintenance mode display 353 Measurement weight display 354 Limit value display 355 Reference period display 356 Intake / consumption ratio display 36 Power switch part 41 Top cover part

Claims (15)

A body weight acquisition means for acquiring body weight measurement data in which a body weight measurement value to be measured and a measurement date are associated;
Storage means for storing weight measurement data acquired by the weight acquisition means;
A plurality of body weight measurements for a certain period T days in which the initial condition of the energy intake is stored in the storage means in the condition of the amount of change in body weight per day followed by the measurement object including the conditions of energy intake and consumption A weight calculating means for calculating a limit value of the weight of the measurement object when it is assumed that the weight continues to change according to the determined weight change amount per day Management device. The condition of the amount of weight change per day is as follows:
Change in body weight per day, where W _t is the weight on the tth day from the reference date, I _t is the energy intake per day, E _t is the energy consumption E _t per day, and F _t is the energy per unit weight When the amount is ∂W _t / ∂t, the weight change amount per day is the following differential equation:
∂W _t / ∂t = (I _t −E _t ) / F _t
The weight management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The energy intake and consumption conditions are:
A function having at least a body weight W _t as a parameter for obtaining an estimated energy consumption amount per day, where W _t is the weight on the t-th day from the reference date, I _t is the energy intake amount per day, and f _E (W _t ,. ) And the ratio of diet-induced heat production to f _E (W _t ,...) And energy intake, respectively, D _R1 and D _R2 (however, when the increase or decrease in energy consumption due to meal-induced heat production is not considered, D _R1 = a D _R2 = 0), when the daily energy consumption was E _t, the following formula:
E _t = (1−D _R1 ) · f _E (W _t ,...) + D _R2 · I _t
The weight management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The maintenance condition of the energy intake in the condition of the weight change per day is:
Taking a certain amount of energy every day,
Or
Daily intake of energy that reduces the amount of energy consumption due to aging,
The weight management device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The maintenance condition of the energy intake in the condition of the weight change per day is:
The weight management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an amount of energy proportional to an estimated energy consumption per day per unit body weight is ingested every day. The condition of the amount of weight change per day is as follows:
The weight on the tth day from the reference date is W _t , the function having at least the weight W _t for determining the estimated energy consumption per day as a parameter is f _E (W _t ,...), K ₀ is a positive constant, When the amount of energy per unit weight is F _t and the weight limit is L, the following differential equation:
∂W _t / ∂t = [f _E (W _t ,...) · K ₀ / F _t ] · (L / W _t −1)
The weight management apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 5, wherein: The initial condition of the energy intake is
The measured body weight on day t for a certain period of T days is ω _t , the initial value of energy intake per day is I _S, and the predicted weight on day t from the reference date is Ψ _t, and the weight per day At least I _S and [psi _t the function G with the parameter determining the variation (I _S, [psi _t, ...) and to the recurrence formula [psi _t follow _{Ψ t + 1 = Ψ t +} G (I S, Ψ t ,..., And when the initial value Ψ ₁ of Ψ _t is Ψ _S , I _S and Ψ _S for obtaining the sum of squares of deviations from k = 1 to T (T ≧ 2) are used as parameters. Expression of the function S (I _S , Ψ _S ):
S (I _S , Ψ _S ) = Σ _{k = 1} ^T (Ψ _k −ω _k ) ²
, By determining a set of values of I _S and Ψ _S that minimizes the value of S (I _S , Ψ _S ),
The weight limit is:
_S (I S, Ψ S) the I _S and [psi recurrence formula the value of _{S Ψ t + 1 = Ψ t} + G that minimizes the value of _{(I S, Ψ t, ...} ) determined by substituting the [psi _t of the upper limit or the lower limit value, according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that is calculated by the limit value L _T of body weight value based on weight measurement value of the period T days until 6 Weight management device. The weight limit is:
Let ω _t be the weight measurement value on day t for a certain period of T days, Ω _{t be} the average value of ω _t for n days up to day _t, and use at least weight W as a parameter to calculate the estimated energy consumption per day Let f _E (W,...) Be a function having a constant F ₀ energy amount per unit body weight, and let D _{R be the} ratio of meal-induced heat production to energy intake (however, energy consumption by meal-induced heat production) When the increase / decrease is not considered, when D _R = 0), the following formula:
L _T = [(Ω _T −Ω _n ) · F ₀ / (1−D _R ) + ∫ _n ^T f _E (Ω _t ,...) Dt] / ∫ _n ^T {f _E (Ω _t ,...) / Ω _t } dt
The weight management system according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6, characterized in that it is calculated as the limit value L _T of body weight value based on weight measurement value of the period T days. The weight limit is:
The t-th day of weight measurement value for a period T d and omega _t, the average value of n days omega _t to t-th day and Omega _t, the estimated daily energy expenditure per unit body weight and E _R , The amount of energy per unit body weight is a constant F _0, and the ratio of diet-induced heat production to energy intake is D _R (however, when the increase or decrease in energy consumption due to meal-induced heat production is not considered, D _R = 0), the hyperbolic cotangent function is coth (), and ξ = E _R · (T−n) · (1−D _R ) / F ₀ , the following calculation formula:
L _T = [Ω _T + Ω _n + (Ω _T −Ω _n ) · coth (ξ / 2)] / 2
Alternatively, the hyperbolic cotangent function of the above calculation formula is a series expansion formula of the hyperbolic cotangent function:
coth (ξ / 2) ≒ 2 / ξ + ξ / 6-ξ 3/360 + ···
Of by the equation of the approximate expression by replacing the first term in the portion of the finite number of terms, including a portion of only the first term, and characterized in that it is calculated as the limit value L _T of body weight value based on weight measurement value of the period T day The weight management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Height acquisition means for acquiring the height of the measurement object;
Height storage means for storing height data acquired by the height acquisition means;
The calculation means for calculating the limit value of the physique index including BMI based on the height data of the height storage means and the limit value of the weight, further comprising: The weight management apparatus according to item. The limit value of the body weight or body mass index includes calculating as a value of the body weight or body mass index, a change amount, a change rate, or an upper limit value or a lower limit value of the change rate. The weight management apparatus according to any one of the items. The difference between the limit value of the body weight value and the current body weight value, or the period of time required for the difference between the limit value of the body mass index value and the current body mass index value to decrease by a certain percentage, or the body weight or physique 12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a calculating means for calculating a reference period, which is a period of time required for the index change amount, change rate, or limit value of the change rate to decrease by a certain rate. The weight management apparatus according to 1.   The weight management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising output means for outputting the limit value or the reference period calculated by the calculation means as a numerical value or a time series graph. . Computer
An acquisition step of acquiring weight measurement data in which a weight measurement value to be measured and a measurement date are associated;
A storage step of storing the weight measurement data acquired in the acquisition step in a storage means;
In the condition of the amount of change in body weight per day that the measuring object follows, including the conditions of energy intake and consumption, the initial condition of energy intake is a plurality of times T days stored in the storage means in the storage step. Performing a calculation step of calculating a limit value of the weight of the measurement object when it is assumed that the weight continues to change according to the determined weight change amount per day condition. Characteristic weight management method. An acquisition step of acquiring weight measurement data in which a weight measurement value to be measured and a measurement date are associated;
A storage step of storing the weight measurement data acquired in the acquisition step in a storage means;
In the condition of the amount of change in body weight per day that the measuring object follows, including the conditions of energy intake and consumption, the initial condition of energy intake is a plurality of times T days stored in the storage means in the storage step. And a calculation step of calculating a limit value of the weight of the measurement object when it is assumed that the weight continues to change according to the determined daily weight change amount condition. A weight management program characterized by that.

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