JP2016007111A - Power supply device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device for vehicle capable of reducing recharge time until a value of voltage across both ends of an auxiliary capacitor has risen so as to be usable for discharge.SOLUTION: A power supply device for vehicle comprises an alternator 1, which is interlocked with an engine 3, for generating power to charge a main battery 5 and a plurality of auxiliary capacitors 13, 14, 15, where a plurality of loads 19, 20 are supplied with the power from the alternator 1, main battery 5, and auxiliary capacitors 13, 14, 15. The power supply device for vehicle comprises: a plurality of switches 10, 11, 12 individually provided between the alternator 1 and main battery 5 and the plurality of auxiliary capacitors 13, 14, 15, respectively; and a plurality of voltage detectors 16, 17, 18 for detecting values of voltage across both ends of the auxiliary capacitors 13, 14, 15, respectively. Control of the switches 10, 11, 12 based on the values of voltage across both ends of the auxiliary capacitors detected by the voltage detectors 16, 17, 18 makes the auxiliary capacitors 13, 14, 15 be individually charged.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicular power supply device that generates power from a generator linked to an engine, charges a main capacitor and a plurality of auxiliary capacitors, and supplies power to a plurality of loads from the generator, the main capacitor, and the auxiliary capacitors.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, regenerative systems that improve power consumption by generating electricity using kinetic energy that a running vehicle has thrown away during deceleration and storing it so that it can be recovered and reused as electrical energy have been widely used. In order to store the collected electrical energy, an auxiliary capacitor such as a large-capacity capacitor may be used separately from the battery (main capacitor) in consideration of the storage capacity and the charging speed.

In order to improve fuel efficiency, the number of vehicles that perform idling stop is increasing. However, in idling stop, when the engine is temporarily stopped and then the engine is ignited again, the inrush current to the starter As the engine is cranked, the battery voltage drops rapidly.
When the battery voltage rapidly decreases, for example, a body ECU (Electronic Control Unit) or the like may erroneously perform a low voltage reset. Therefore, an idling stop vehicle is provided with an auxiliary capacitor such as a large-capacitance capacitor in addition to the battery, and a method for dealing with a sudden drop in battery voltage due to cranking is taken.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle power supply system in which an auxiliary power storage device includes three capacitors. The first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel with the battery, respectively, and the state of charge for charging them, and the first capacitor and the third capacitor are connected in parallel so that one of the electric energy stored in the first capacitor is stored. An internal energy transfer state in which the part is moved to the third capacitor, a discharge state in which the third capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel with the third capacitor and the second capacitor connected in series, and the third capacitor and the second capacitor are discharged. Is configured to be selectively realized.

JP 2010-017060 A

  Capacitors have a relatively large amount of self-discharge compared to batteries, and the amount of stored electricity decreases as time passes.In addition, when shallow charge / discharge is repeated, the chargeable capacity decreases like the memory effect of the battery, Since it is necessary to discharge completely at an appropriate time, charging is often performed from about zero stored electricity. In that case, it cannot be used for discharging until the voltage value is about the same as that of the battery, but if the capacity is large or if multiple capacitors are connected in parallel during charging, it takes time to charge, There is a problem that it cannot be used for discharging.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle power supply device that can shorten the charging time until the voltage value across the auxiliary capacitor rises so that it can be used for discharging. And

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicular power supply apparatus for a vehicle in which a generator linked to an engine generates power, charges a main capacitor and a plurality of auxiliary capacitors, and supplies power to the plurality of loads from the generator, the main capacitors and the auxiliary capacitors. The power supply apparatus includes a plurality of switches individually provided between the generator and the main capacitor and each of the plurality of auxiliary capacitors, and a plurality of voltage detectors that respectively detect voltage values at both ends of the auxiliary capacitor. The auxiliary capacitor is configured to be individually charged by controlling the plurality of switches based on both-end voltage values detected by the voltage detector.

  In this vehicle power supply device, a generator linked to the engine generates power, charges the main capacitor and the plurality of auxiliary capacitors, and supplies power to the plurality of loads from the generator, the main capacitor, and the auxiliary capacitors. A plurality of switches are individually provided between the generator and the main capacitor and each of the plurality of auxiliary capacitors, and the plurality of voltage detectors respectively detect the voltage values at both ends of the auxiliary capacitor. Based on the voltage values detected by the voltage detector, the auxiliary capacitors are individually charged by controlling the plurality of switches.

  A power supply device for a vehicle according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a control unit to which a plurality of voltage values at both ends detected by the plurality of voltage detectors are provided, and the control unit is based on the plurality of voltage values at the both ends. It is configured to control a plurality of switches.

  In this vehicle power supply device, the control unit is given a plurality of voltage values detected by the plurality of voltage detectors, and controls the plurality of switches based on the given voltage values of the both ends.

  A vehicle power supply device according to a third aspect of the present invention includes two auxiliary capacitors, two switches, and two voltage detectors, and the voltage value detected by the voltage detector when the two switches are on is a predetermined voltage. And determining means for determining whether or not the value is equal to or less than a value; and connecting means for connecting the auxiliary capacitors in series when the determining means determines that the value is equal to or less than a predetermined voltage value.

  This vehicle power supply device includes two auxiliary capacitors, two switches, and two voltage detectors. When the two switches are on, the determination means detects that the voltage value detected by the voltage detector is less than or equal to a predetermined voltage value. It is determined whether or not there is. When the determination unit determines that the voltage is equal to or lower than the predetermined voltage value, the connection unit connects the two auxiliary capacitors in series.

  In the vehicular power supply apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the determination means determines whether or not the two voltage values detected by the two voltage detectors are equal to or less than a predetermined voltage value, and the determination means includes 2 The connection means is configured to connect the auxiliary capacitors in series when it is determined that the voltage values at the two terminals are equal to or less than a predetermined voltage value.

  In this vehicle power supply device, the determination means determines whether or not the two voltage values detected by the two voltage detectors are equal to or less than a predetermined voltage value, and the two voltage values are equal to or less than the predetermined voltage value. When the determination is made, the connecting means connects the auxiliary capacitors in series.

  According to the vehicle power supply device of the present invention, it is possible to realize a vehicle power supply device that can shorten the charging time until the voltage value across the auxiliary capacitor rises so that it can be used for discharging.

It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of embodiment of the power supply device for vehicles which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of embodiment of the vehicle power supply device which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of embodiment of the power supply device for vehicles which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of embodiment of the vehicle power supply device which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, a vehicle power supply device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of a first embodiment of a vehicle power supply device according to the present invention.
This vehicle power supply device charges the battery (main capacitor) 5 and the auxiliary power storage device 8 with the electric power generated and rectified by the alternator (generator, AC generator) 1 in conjunction with the engine 3, and the alternator 1, battery 5 and the auxiliary power storage device 8 supply power to the loads 19, 20.

The auxiliary power storage device 8 includes, for example, three large-capacity capacitors (auxiliary capacitors) 13, 14, and 15 in which six electric double layer capacitor cells are connected in series. The switches 10, 11, 12 are connected in parallel to the alternator 1, the battery 5 and the loads 19, 20.
The large-capacitance capacitors 13, 14, and 15 have their voltage values detected by the voltage detectors 16, 17, and 18 respectively, and the voltage values that are detected by the voltage detectors 16, 17, and 18 are the auxiliary power storage devices. It is given to the control unit (control unit) 9.

The voltage value of the battery 5 is detected by the voltage detector 6, and the voltage value detected by the voltage detector 6 is given to the control ECU 7.
The control ECU 7 performs charge control for controlling the power generation amount of the alternator 1 so that the voltage value at both ends of the battery 5 falls within a predetermined range based on an ignition (IG) key on / off signal and a throttle opening signal given from the outside. This is performed through a regulator 2 attached to the alternator 1.
The regulator 2 also keeps the generated voltage constant by increasing / decreasing the field current of the alternator 1. The alternator 1 rectifies and outputs the generated AC power.

The auxiliary power storage device control unit 9 controls the switches 10, 11, and 12 to be turned on or off based on the charge / discharge instruction signal supplied from the control ECU 7 and the voltage values at both ends detected by the voltage detectors 16, 17, and 18, respectively. Then, charge / discharge control is performed for the large-capacity capacitors 13, 14, and 15, respectively.
The control ECU 7 causes the alternator 1 to generate electric power by using the kinetic energy of the wheels 4 during deceleration of the traveling vehicle, and charges the battery 5 and the large-capacitance capacitors 13, 14 and 15 as regenerated electric power.

Below, operation | movement of the power supply device for vehicles of such a structure is demonstrated, referring the flowchart of FIG. 2 which shows it.
The auxiliary power storage device control unit 9 turns on the switch (first switch) 10 and turns on the switches (second and third switches) 11 and 12 when there is a charging instruction from the control ECU 7 at the time of starting the vehicle or the like (S1). After being turned off (S3), the voltage detector 16 detects the voltage value V1 (both ends) of the large-capacitance capacitor (first capacitor) 13 (S5).

  Next, the auxiliary power storage device controller 9 determines whether or not the detected voltage value V1 (S5) is equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 13 (S7), and must be equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH. If so, the voltage detector 16 again detects the voltage value V1 of the large-capacitance capacitor 13 (S5). The upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitors 13, 14, 15 is set to about the voltage value when the battery 5 is fully charged.

If the detected voltage value V1 is equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 13 (S7), the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9 turns off the switches (first and third switches) 10 and 12 and turns off the switch (first After the 2 switch 11 is turned on (S9), the voltage detector 17 detects the voltage value V2 (both ends) of the large-capacity capacitor (second capacitor) 14 (S11).
Next, the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9 determines whether or not the detected voltage value V2 (S11) is greater than or equal to the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 14 (S13), and must be greater than or equal to the upper limit voltage value VH. If so, the voltage detector 17 detects the voltage value V2 of the large-capacitance capacitor 14 again (S11).

If the detected voltage value V2 is greater than or equal to the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 14 (S13), the auxiliary power storage device controller 9 turns off the switches (first and second switches) 10 and 11 and turns off the switch (first (3 switch) 12 is turned on (S15), and the voltage detector 18 detects the voltage value V3 (both ends) of the large-capacity capacitor (third capacitor) 15 (S17).
Next, the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9 determines whether or not the detected voltage value V3 (S17) is greater than or equal to the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 15 (S19). If so, the voltage detector 18 detects the voltage value V3 of the large-capacity capacitor 15 again (S17).

If the detected voltage value V3 is equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 13 (S19), the auxiliary power storage device controller 9 turns on the switches (first to third switches) 10 to 12 (S21). When the ignition key on / off signal is turned off, the control ECU 7 waits until a charge / discharge stop instruction is given (S23).
If a charge / discharge stop instruction is given from the control ECU 7 (S23), the auxiliary power storage device controller 9 turns off the switches (first to third switches) 10 to 12 (S25), and then gives a charge instruction from the control ECU 7 Wait until it is received (S1).

  The control ECU 7 gives a discharge instruction to the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9 when the voltage value across the battery 5 detected by the voltage detector 6 falls below a predetermined value. When the auxiliary power storage device controller 9 is given a discharge instruction from the control ECU 7, if the switch (first to third switches) 10 to 12 is not turned on (S21), the charged large-capacitance capacitor (S7) , 13) Only the switch is turned on. When there is no charged large-capacity capacitor (S7, 13), the switches (first to third switches) 10 to 12 are turned off.

  As a result, the auxiliary power storage device 8 can be discharged when the charging of the large-capacity capacitor 13 is completed (S7). When the large-capacitance capacitors 13 to 15 are connected in parallel, if the charging current is constant, the charging time until the auxiliary power storage device 8 can be discharged is three times that in step 7 (S7).

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of the second embodiment of the vehicular power supply apparatus according to the present invention.
The vehicle power supply device charges the battery (main capacitor) 5 and the auxiliary power storage device 8a with the electric power generated and rectified by the alternator (generator, AC generator) 1 in conjunction with the engine 3, and the alternator 1, battery 5 and the auxiliary power storage device 8a supply power to the loads 19, 20,.

  The auxiliary power storage device 8 a includes, for example, two large capacity capacitors (auxiliary capacitors) 23 and 24 in which six electric double layer capacitor cells are connected in series. The large capacity capacitor 23 includes an alternator having a positive pole through the switch 21. 1 and the positive electrode of the battery 5 are connected to each other, and the negative electrode is grounded through the switch 27. The large-capacitance capacitor 24 has a plus pole connected to each plus pole of the alternator 1 and the battery 5 through the switch 22 and a minus pole grounded.

The switches (connection means) 22 and 27 are changeover switches, the switch 22 is switched to the positive pole side of the alternator 1 or the negative pole side of the large-capacitance capacitor 23, and the switch 27 is the ground side or the positive pole side of the large-capacitance capacitor 24. Switch to. The large-capacity capacitors (auxiliary capacitors) 23 and 24 are connected in series when the switches 22 and 27 are switched.
The large-capacitance capacitors 23 and 24 have their voltage values detected by the voltage detectors 25 and 26, respectively, and the voltage values detected by the voltage detectors 25 and 26 are given to the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a. .

The auxiliary power storage device control unit (control unit, determination means) 9a switches the switches 21, 22, and 27 based on the charge / discharge instruction signal given from the control ECU 7 and the voltage values at both ends detected by the voltage detectors 25 and 26, respectively. On / off control or switching control is performed to charge / discharge the large capacitors 23 and 24, respectively.
The control ECU 7 causes the alternator 1 to generate electric power using the kinetic energy of the wheels 4 during deceleration of the traveling vehicle, and charges the battery 5 and the large-capacitance capacitors 23 and 24 as regenerated electric power. Other configurations are the same as the configuration of the vehicle power supply device described in the first embodiment (FIG. 1), and thus the description thereof is omitted.

The operation of the vehicular power supply apparatus having such a configuration will be described below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
The auxiliary power storage device control unit 9a turns on the switch (first switch) 21 and turns off the switch (second switch) 22 when a charge instruction is given from the control ECU 7 at the time of starting the vehicle (S33) (S33). ) After switching the switch 27 to the ground side, the voltage detector 25 detects the voltage value V1 (both ends) of the large-capacitance capacitor (first capacitor) 23 (S35).

  Next, the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a determines whether or not the detected voltage value V1 (S35) is equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 23 (S37), and must be equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH. If so, the voltage detector 25 detects again the voltage value V1 of the large-capacitance capacitor 23 (S35). The upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitors 23 and 24 is set to about the voltage value when the battery 5 is fully charged.

If the detected voltage value V1 is equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 23 (S37), the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9a turns off the switch (first switch) 21 and turns off the switch (second switch) 22. Is turned on to the positive pole side of the alternator 1 (S39), the voltage detector 26 detects the voltage value V2 (both ends) of the large-capacity capacitor (second capacitor) 24 (S41).
Next, the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a determines whether or not the detected voltage value V2 (S41) is equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 24 (S43), and must be equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH. Then, the voltage detector 26 detects again the voltage value V2 of the large-capacitance capacitor 24 (S41).

  If the detected voltage value V2 is equal to or higher than the upper limit voltage value VH of the large-capacitance capacitor 24 (S43), the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9a turns on the switch (first switch) 21 and turns on the switch (second switch) 22. Is turned on to the positive pole side of the alternator 1 (S45). Next, the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9 a uses the voltage detector 25 (and / or 26 (both or 26 or both)) to provide a large-capacity capacitor (first capacitor) 23 (and / or a large-capacity capacitor (second capacitor). ) 24) (both ends) voltage value V1 (and / or 2) is detected (S47).

  Next, the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a determines whether or not the detected voltage value V1 (and / or 2) (S47) is less than or equal to the lower limit voltage value VL of the large-capacitance capacitors 23 and 24 (S49). If it is not less than the lower limit voltage value VL, it is determined whether or not a charge / discharge stop instruction is given from the control ECU 7 by turning off the ignition key signal or the like (S53). The lower limit voltage value VL of the large-capacitance capacitors 23 and 24 is determined based on, for example, the minimum movable voltage value of the control ECU 7 or the like.

If the charge / discharge stop instruction is not given from the control ECU 7 (S53), the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9a again uses the voltage detector 25 (and / or 26) to store the large-capacity capacitor (first capacitor) 23 (and / or). The voltage value V1 (and / or 2) of the large-capacitance capacitor (second capacitor) 24) is detected (S47).
If a charge / discharge stop instruction is given from the control ECU 7 (S53), the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a turns off the switches (first and second switches) 21 and 22 (S55), and then performs control when starting the vehicle. It is determined whether or not a charging instruction is given from the ECU 7 (S31).

If the detected voltage value V1 (and / or 2) (S47) is equal to or lower than the lower limit voltage value VL of the large-capacitance capacitors 23 and 24 (S49), the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9a switches the switch 27 to the large-capacitance capacitor 24. The switch 22 is switched to the negative pole side of the large-capacitance capacitor 23, and the large-capacity capacitors (first and second capacitors) 23 and 24 are connected in series (S51).
Next, the auxiliary power storage device control unit 9a continues to determine whether or not a charge / discharge stop instruction is given from the control ECU 7, for example, when the ignition key signal is turned off (S57). .

  When a charge / discharge stop instruction is given from the control ECU 7 (S57), the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a turns off the switches (first and second switches) 21 and 22 (S59), switches the switch 27 to the ground side, 22 is switched to the positive pole side of the alternator 1, and the series connection of the large-capacity capacitors (first and second capacitors) 23, 24 is released (S59). Next, it is determined whether or not a charging instruction is given from the control ECU 7 when the vehicle is started (S31).

When the voltage value across the battery 5 detected by the voltage detector 6 falls below a predetermined value, the control ECU 7 gives a discharge instruction to the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a.
When the auxiliary power storage device controller 9a is given a discharge instruction from the control ECU 7, the switch 21 is turned on and the switch 22 is turned on to the positive electrode side of the alternator 1 (S45), or the large capacitors 23, 24 Are not connected in series (S51), the switch 21 of the charged large-capacitance capacitor 23 (S37) is turned on, and the switch 27 is switched to the ground side. When there is no charged large-capacity capacitor 23 (S37), the switch 21 is turned off and the switch 22 is switched to the non-positive side of the alternator 1.

  As a result, the auxiliary power storage device 8a can be discharged when the charging of the large-capacity capacitor 23 is completed (S37). When the large-capacitance capacitors 23 and 24 are connected in parallel, if the charging current is constant, the charging time until the auxiliary power storage device 8a can be discharged is twice that in step 37.

1 Alternator (generator)
2 Regulator 3 Engine 5 Battery (Main battery)
6, 16, 17, 18, 25, 26 Voltage detector 7 Control ECU
8, 8a Auxiliary power storage device 9 Auxiliary power storage device control unit (control unit)
9a Auxiliary power storage device control unit (control unit, determination means)
10, 11, 12, 21 Switch 13, 14, 15, 23, 24 Large-capacity capacitor (auxiliary capacitor)
19, 20 Load 22, 27 Switch (connection means)

Claims (4)

In the vehicular power supply device for generating power by a generator linked to the engine and charging the main capacitor and the plurality of auxiliary capacitors, and supplying power to the plurality of loads from the generator, the main capacitor and the auxiliary capacitors,
A plurality of switches individually provided between the generator and main capacitor and each of the plurality of auxiliary capacitors; and a plurality of voltage detectors for detecting voltage values at both ends of the auxiliary capacitor. A power supply device for a vehicle, wherein the auxiliary capacitor is individually charged by controlling the plurality of switches based on voltage values detected by the battery.   The control unit is provided with a plurality of voltage values detected by the plurality of voltage detectors, and the control unit is configured to control the plurality of switches based on the plurality of supplied voltage values. The vehicle power supply device according to claim 1.   Judgment that determines whether or not the both-end voltage value detected by the voltage detector is less than or equal to a predetermined voltage value when each of the auxiliary capacitor, the switch, and the voltage detector is provided and the two switches are on. The vehicle power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising: means, and connecting means for connecting the auxiliary capacitors in series when the determining means determines that the voltage is equal to or less than a predetermined voltage value.   The determination means determines whether or not the two voltage values detected by the two voltage detectors are equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage value, and the determination means determines that the two voltage values are equal to or lower than the predetermined voltage value. The vehicle power supply device according to claim 3, wherein the connection means is configured to connect the auxiliary capacitors in series when it is determined that.

Images