JP2016098672A - Turbine housing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a turbine housing with a water-cooling jacket capable of reducing a size and a weight in comparison with a conventional one, while keeping productivity and durability same as those of a conventional turbine housing composed of casting, and reducing manufacturing costs.SOLUTION: A turbine housing includes a scroll body portion 10 forming an exhaust gas flow channel inside thereof, and shells 21, 22 disposed outside of the scroll body portion 10 and defining and forming a water-cooling jacket 23 with an outer wall surface of the scroll body portion. The scroll body portion 10 is composed as a casting, and the shells 21, 22 are composed of a resin. Cushioning materials 51, 52, 53 are disposed between the scroll body portion 10 and the shells 21, 22, and the shells 21, 22 are joined to the scroll body portion 10 though any of the cushioning materials 51, 52, 53.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust turbine housing (turbine housing) in a turbocharger, and more particularly to a turbine housing with a water cooling jacket.

  A conventional general turbine housing is a cast product by casting. The advantages of the cast housing are that the degree of freedom in setting the shape is large and the productivity is good, and that the use of heat-resistant steel and high rigidity are easy and the durability is excellent. In recent years, the exhaust gas temperature has increased with the improvement in fuel efficiency of the engine, and therefore, iron-based materials such as austenite tend to be used. However, although austenite is excellent in heat resistance and the like, it has a drawback of high cost. In addition, iron-based castings are heavy and have the disadvantage that there is a limit to thinning them.

  As an attempt to reduce the weight and cost of the turbine housing as compared with the conventional ones, proposals have been made to make the housing main body made of stainless steel plate or made of an aluminum alloy with a water cooling jacket (hereinafter simply referred to as “water cooled aluminum”). However, the turbine housing made of stainless steel sheet has the disadvantage that it is very difficult to achieve both function (endurance reliability, etc.) and cost due to manufacturing problems in parts that require high precision machining and deformation due to thinning. There is. On the other hand, according to the turbine housing made of water-cooled aluminum, an aluminum material can be used by providing a water-cooled jacket, and there is an advantage that material costs can be reduced compared to austenite. However, aluminum has a considerably higher thermal conductivity than cast iron (the thermal conductivity of aluminum at 300 ° C .: 233 W / m · K, whereas the thermal conductivity of cast iron at 300 ° C .: 31 W / m · K). For this reason, the heat of the exhaust gas flowing in the turbine housing is excessively transmitted to the water cooling jacket through the aluminum housing wall, resulting in a decrease in heat or kinetic energy due to excessive cooling of the exhaust gas, and in turn a decrease in supercharging performance. It has become.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a turbine housing with a water cooling jacket. According to Patent Document 1, the main body of the turbine housing (10) is a cast part made of an aluminum alloy or other metal. In order to form the hollow chamber (12) around the housing body, two shell members (14, 16) are provided, and a cooling jacket (18) is constituted by these shell members. The shell members (14, 16) are made of metal, plastic or fiber composite and are connected to the housing body by welding, brazing, screwing and / or bonding.

International Publication WO2009 / 106166

  The present invention is intended to overcome the disadvantages of a conventional water-cooled aluminum turbine housing while taking advantage of the advantages of a conventional cast turbine housing. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a turbine housing that is smaller and lighter than the conventional one while maintaining productivity and durability reliability equivalent to those of conventional castings.

The present invention is provided between a scroll main body section that internally defines and forms a storage chamber of an exhaust turbine and an exhaust gas passage surrounding the exhaust chamber, and an outer wall surface of the scroll main body section. A turbine housing comprising a shell defining a water-cooled jacket,
The scroll body is configured as a casting,
The shell is made of resin,
A turbine housing characterized in that a moderating material is disposed between the scroll main body and the shell, and the shell is joined to the scroll main body via the moderating material.

Here, the relaxation material is a member having a coefficient of thermal expansion larger than that of the scroll main body and smaller than the shell, and is joined at different positions from the shell and the scroll main body,
It is preferable that the region between the joining position of the relaxation material to the shell and the joining position to the scroll main body portion is a relaxation region that reduces the influence of thermal deformation of the shell and the scroll main body portion.

Alternatively, the relaxation material is an O-ring disposed on the flange of the scroll body part,
The shell is disposed outside the O-ring;
It is preferable that a clamp is disposed on the outer side of the shell, and the clamp joins the shell and the scroll main body through the O-ring.

[Action]
According to the present invention, the scroll main body portion that requires high-precision processing is made of a casting, and the water-cooled jacket is partitioned by disposing the resin shell outside the scroll main body portion. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide the heat resistance comparable to the material of the scroll main-body part conventionally, and it becomes possible to use a cheaper material. As a result, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost while ensuring high productivity and durability reliability. At the same time, by providing a water cooling jacket with a resin shell, a sufficient cooling function can be exhibited, and the entire turbine housing can be reduced in size and weight.
Moreover, in the turbine housing of this invention, the shell is joined to the scroll main-body part via the relaxation material. The relaxation material alleviates the occurrence of tension and compression due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the resin shell and the cast scroll body, and avoids stress concentration at the joint between the shell and the scroll body. And the occurrence of breakage is prevented in advance, so that the durability reliability of the turbine housing can be improved.

  The relaxation material is formed of a member having a coefficient of thermal expansion larger than that of the scroll main body and smaller than that of the shell, and is joined to the shell and the scroll main body at different positions, thereby joining the relaxation material to the shell. The region from the joint position to the scroll body portion can function as a relaxation region that mitigates the effects of thermal deformation of the shell and the scroll body portion, and it is possible to suitably prevent cracks and breakage of the joint portion during use. .

  The relaxation material is configured as an O-ring disposed on the flange of the scroll body, a shell is disposed outside the O-ring, and a clamp is disposed further outside the shell. Also, by joining through the O-ring, the influence of thermal deformation between the shell and the scroll main body can be mitigated, and cracking and breakage of the joint at the time of use can be suitably prevented.

  According to the turbine housing of the present invention, while maintaining productivity and durability reliability equivalent to those of conventional castings, it is possible to achieve a reduction in size and weight as compared with the conventional one, and to further reduce manufacturing costs. .

1 and 2 show an overall view of a turbine housing with a water cooling jacket according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a front view and FIG. 1B is a right side view. 2A is a rear view, and FIG. 2B is a plan view (top view). 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. 1B, and FIGS. 3B and 3C are partial enlarged views of the joint portion of the shell through the relaxation material. is there. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a joint portion with a shell through another mode of the moderating material.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a turbine housing with a water cooling jacket according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a scroll body 10 made of casting, first and second shells 21 and 22 made of resin, and a first , Second and third relaxation materials 51, 52, 53. The scroll main body 10 includes an inlet flange 30 and an outlet flange 40. The water cooling jacket 23 is partitioned between the inner wall surfaces of the first and second shells 21 and 22 and the outer wall surface of the scroll body 10.

  In particular, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the scroll main body 10 has a housing chamber 11 for an exhaust turbine (not shown) defined in the center region thereof, and is substantially annular at a position surrounding the exhaust turbine housing chamber 11 ( More specifically, it is a hollow casting part whose basic shape (the basic shape itself is publicly known) is that the exhaust gas passage 12 having a substantially spiral shape is partitioned. An inlet port 13 for introducing exhaust gas from the vehicle engine into the exhaust gas passage 12 is provided on the front side of the scroll main body 10 (left side in FIG. 4). Further, in the vicinity of the center of one side surface of the scroll main body 10 (right side in FIG. 3), the exhaust gas collected in the exhaust turbine housing chamber 11 via the exhaust gas passage 12 is exhausted from the vehicle (catalytic converter, muffler, etc.). An outlet port 14 is provided for discharging toward the air. On the left and right outer wall surfaces 15 of the scroll main body portion, a single channel partition portion (channel partition projection) 16 is provided. The flow path partitioning section 16 guides the supplied cooling water to the innermost region of the water cooling jacket 23 and then returns the water cooling jacket 23 from the inlet side to the outlet side so as to return to the outlet. It is a protrusion for partitioning into two flow paths.

  The inlet flange 30 is a flange portion for connecting the exhaust manifold and cooling system of the vehicle engine to the turbine housing with the water cooling jacket. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the inlet flange 30 of the present embodiment is integrated with the inlet port 13 of the scroll body 10. The outlet flange 40 is a flange portion for connecting a vehicle exhaust system (catalytic converter, muffler, etc.) further downstream from the exhaust manifold and the turbine housing with the water cooling jacket. As shown in FIG. 3, the outlet flange 40 is disposed integrally with the outlet port 14 of the scroll body. That is, in the present embodiment, the scroll main body 10, the inlet flange 30, and the outlet flange 40 are made of a casting that is integrally cast. Hereinafter, both the inlet flange 30 and the outlet flange 40 are also referred to as flanges 30 and 40. The turbine housing according to the present embodiment obtains the required rigidity by an integrated casting part composed of the scroll main body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 1A and 4, the inlet flange 30 is formed with a central opening 31 for exhaust gas communicating with the inlet port 13 in the central area, and below and above the central opening 31. A cooling water inlet 32 and a cooling water outlet 33 are formed at each position. The cooling water introduction port 32 and the cooling water outlet port 33 communicate with a cooling water flow path set in the water cooling jacket 23. When the inlet flange 30 is connected to an exhaust manifold or the like of the vehicle engine, the cooling water inlet 32 and the cooling water outlet 33 are connected to a vehicle engine cooling system (including a radiator).

  In this embodiment, the scroll main-body part 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 are comprised as a casting component which cast metal. As the casting material, cast iron (eg, spheroidal graphite cast iron or gray cast iron), cast steel, aluminum, or aluminum alloy, which is an iron-based material, can be suitably used. In order to use casting materials having different thermal conductivities under suitable temperature conditions, the cross-sectional area of the cooling water inlet 32 of the inlet flange 30 is adjusted, and the first disposed outside the scroll body 10. And the flow volume of the cooling water to supply is adjusted suitably by adjusting the shape of the 2nd shells 21 and 22 suitably, adjusting the water pressure of the cooling system of the connected vehicle engine.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a first shell 21 and a second shell 22 are disposed outside the scroll body 10. The first and second shells 21 and 22 are respectively formed as cover-like members that cover the left half and the right half of the scroll main body 10, and the first and second shells 21 and 22 are formed. Are combined and combined by a method such as welding, adhesion, fitting, etc., so that the scroll body 10 is wrapped in both shells. Then, by attaching the first and second shells 21 and 22 to the scroll main body 10, a water cooling jacket 23 is defined between the inner wall surface of both shells and the outer wall surface of the scroll main body portion. A cooling water flow path is provided.

  For the first and second shells 21 and 22, a high heat resistant resin having a normal heat resistant temperature of 150 ° C. or higher is used. Examples of the high heat-resistant resin that can be used for the first and second shells 21 and 22 include aromatic polyamide, aromatic polyimide, super engineering plastic, engineering plastic, and the like.

The high heat resistance resin used for the first and second shells 21 and 22 has a coefficient of thermal expansion of about 50 to 200 (10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.). On the other hand, the thermal expansion coefficient of the casting forming the scroll body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 is 10 to 20 (10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.) when an iron-based material is used, and an aluminum-based material is used. 15 to 25 (10 ⁻⁶ / ° C.). Used when the first and second shells 21 and 22 and the scroll main body 10 or the flanges 30 and 40 are directly joined since the thermal expansion coefficient of the high heat resistance resin is about 10 times the thermal expansion coefficient of the casting. There is a high possibility that a different amount of thermal deformation occurs for each member due to a temperature change therein, and a tensile force or a compressive force acts on the joining portion of the members. As a result, cracks may occur due to stress concentration at the joint. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the first and second shells 21 and 22, the scroll body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 alleviate the difference in thermal expansion between members and eliminate stress concentration due to thermal deformation. Therefore, each of the first, second, and third relaxation materials 51, 52, and 53 is joined to each other.

  The first, second, and third relaxation members 51, 52, and 53 are made of a casting material that constitutes the scroll main body portion from a low-rigidity material made of an elastic body such as metal or rubber, or silicone. A material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion and a coefficient of thermal expansion smaller than that of the high heat resistant resin constituting the shell is selected. The first, second, and third moderators 51, 52, 53 close the gap between the scroll body 10 and the first and second shells 21, 22 to provide the water cooling jacket 23. Arranged.

  FIG. 3C shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion where the outlet flange 40 and the second shell 22 are joined via the moderating material 51. The first relaxation material 51 is a member having a cylindrical shape having a step at the center. The first moderator 51 is disposed between the end edge of the second shell 22 and the outlet flange 40, and one peripheral end is joined to the second shell 22 and the other peripheral end. Is joined to the outlet flange 40. The intermediate region from the joining position with the second shell 22 to the joining position with the outlet flange 40 is a relaxation region 51a that alleviates the influence of the respective thermal deformations of the second shell 22 and the outlet flange 40. Yes. That is, when the relaxation region 51a is deformed, the mutual tensile force or compressive force does not act directly between the second shell to which the first relaxation material 51 is bonded and the outlet flange, so that the joint portions of the respective parts are joined. Occurrence of cracks and breaks is suitably prevented.

    3B, the opening of the scroll main body 10 (the opening on the side opposite to the outlet flange 40, the shaft arrangement side opening of the exhaust turbine not shown) and the first shell 21 are joined to each other via the moderating material 52. The partial expanded sectional view of the done part is shown. The second relaxation material 52 is a cylindrical member having a single diameter. The second relaxation material 52 is disposed between the scroll main body 10 and the first shell 21, one peripheral end is joined to the first shell 21, and the other peripheral end is the scroll main body. It is joined to the part 10. The region of the intermediate portion of the second moderating material 52 from the joining position with the first shell 21 to the joining position with the scroll body 10 is against thermal deformation during use of the scroll body 10 and the first shell 21. Functions as a relaxation area.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion where the inlet flange 30 and the second shell 22 are joined via the third moderating material 53. The third moderator 53 joins the inlet flange 30 and the first shell 21 in the left half of the turbine housing. The third moderating material 53 is a member having a cylindrical shape with a step at the center, and is between the inlet flange 30 and the first shell 21 or between the inlet flange 30 and the second shell 22. These members are joined together. The intermediate region from the joining position with the first or second shell 21, 22 to the joining position with the inlet flange 30 functions as a relaxation region. In addition, about the 3rd mitigating material 53, it comprises as a several member which consists of the partial material joined to the 1st shell 21, and the partial material joined to the 2nd shell 22, and each shell and the mitigating material are comprised. It is also possible to join in an annular shape after the joining is completed.

  Thus, each of the first, second, and third relaxation members 51, 52, and 53 joins the scroll main body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 to the first and second shells 21 and 22, respectively. Thus, the first and second shells 21 and 22 are attached to the outside of the scroll main body 10, and the water cooling jacket 23 is partitioned.

  In the present embodiment, a cylindrical relaxation material provided with a step at the center is applied to the first relaxation material 51 and the third relaxation material 53, and a single diameter is used for the second relaxation material 52. Although the mode of applying the moderating material is shown, the shape and size of the moderating material are in accordance with the positional relationship between the scroll body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 and the first and second shells 21 and 22. Changes can be made as appropriate.

  A method of joining the scroll body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 and the first and second shells 21 and 22 is a method of joining the second shell 22 and the outlet flange 40 via the first moderating material 51. Will be described as an example. First, the first relaxation material 51 is set in advance in the mold of the second shell 22, and a high heat-resistant resin, which is a material of the shell, is injection-molded, and the first relaxation material 51 and the second shell are molded. An intermediate assembly bonded to 22 is manufactured. Next, the outlet flange 40 is joined to the moderating material 51 of the intermediate section assembly. This joining step is the most suitable method for welding when the first moderating material 51 is made of metal. When the relaxation material is formed of other materials, methods such as welding and adhesion are suitably performed.

  In the turbine housing of the present embodiment, the scroll main body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 are integrated and manufactured by casting, while the water cooling jacket 23 is partitioned and formed between the scroll main body 10 and the outer wall surface. And the 2nd shells 21 and 22 are formed and joined with resin. With such a configuration, it is possible to produce a scroll body portion having sufficient rigidity with high productivity, and at the same time, reducing the size of the entire turbine housing by joining and using a resin-made lightweight shell, The weight is reduced. Further, since the scroll body 10 is not required to have heat resistance as in the conventional case, the casting material is not limited to the iron-based material. For this reason, reduction of manufacturing cost can be aimed at by using a cheaper raw material.

  Further, in the turbine housing of the present embodiment, the first, second, and third moderating members 51, 52 are provided in the gap between the scroll main body 10 and the flanges 30, 40 and the first and second shells 21, 22. , 53 is provided, and all the joints between the shell and the scroll main body are joined via the moderating material. The first, second, and third moderating materials 51, 52, 53 are the heat between the first and second shells 21, 22 made of resin and the scroll main body 10 and the flanges 30, 40 made of casting. Improves turbine housing reliability by mitigating the occurrence of tension and compression during use due to the difference in expansion rate, avoiding stress concentration at joints and preventing cracks and breakage at joints in advance. Yes.

  FIG. 5 shows a configuration example in which the relaxation material 54 of another form is used for joining between the scroll main body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 and the first and second shells 21 and 22. The relaxation material 54 in the present embodiment is an O-ring disposed on the outlet flange 40. The second shell 22 is disposed outside the relaxation material 54, and the clamp 55 is disposed outside the second shell 22 to tighten the second shell 22 from the outside. Is joined to the outlet flange 40. A material having a sealing function such as rubber or resin is preferably used for the relaxation material 54 of the present embodiment. FIG. 5 shows the joining form of the outlet flange 40 and the second shell. However, the joining portion of the scroll body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 and the first and second shells 21 and 22 is shown. The same configuration can be applied to all.

  In the turbine housing of the present embodiment, the relaxing material 54 disposed between the cast scroll body 10 and the flanges 30 and 40 and the first and second shells 21 and 22 made of resin is an O-ring. As a result, it is possible to more easily join the scroll main body 10 and the first and second shells 21 and 22 having different thermal expansion coefficients.

[Example of change]
In the above embodiment, the shell for forming the water cooling jacket 23 is composed of two parts (21, 22). However, the water cooling jacket 23 may be defined by a single shell part. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the form which integrally casts the scroll main-body part 10, the inlet flange 30, and the outlet flange 40 was illustrated, either the inlet flange 30 or the outlet flange 40 or both are formed as another member, It can also be attached to the scroll body by a method such as screwing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Scroll main-body part 11 Exhaust turbine accommodating chamber 12 Exhaust gas flow path 15 Outer wall surface 16 of a scroll main-body part Flow path partition part (flow-path partition protrusion)
21 First shell 22 Second shell 23 Water cooling jackets 24, 25 Cooling water flow path 30 Inlet flange 40 Outlet flanges 51, 52, 53, 54 Relief material 51a Relaxation region (intermediate region)
55 Clamp

Claims (3)

A scroll main body for defining an exhaust turbine housing chamber and an exhaust gas passage surrounding the chamber, and
A turbine housing provided on the outside of the scroll main body portion and including a shell that forms a water-cooled jacket between the outer wall surface of the scroll main body portion,
The scroll body is configured as a casting,
The shell is made of resin,
A turbine housing, wherein a moderating material is disposed between the scroll main body and the shell, and the shell is joined to the scroll main body via the moderating material. The relaxation material is a member having a coefficient of thermal expansion larger than that of the scroll main body and smaller than the shell, and is joined at a position different from each of the shell and the scroll main body,
The region between the joining position of the relaxation material to the shell and the joining position to the scroll main body is a relaxation region that reduces the influence of thermal deformation of the shell and the scroll main body. The turbine housing according to claim 1. The relaxation material is an O-ring disposed on the flange of the scroll main body,
The shell is disposed outside the O-ring;
2. The turbine housing according to claim 1, wherein a clamp is disposed further outside the shell, and the clamp joins the shell and the scroll main body through the O-ring.

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