JP2015151902A - Isometric and isotropic type reciprocal engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology of a new reciprocal engine capable of avoiding a problem of the prior art reciprocal engine, attaining a substantial small-sized formation and reducing the number of component elements and installing a plurality of (maximum number of six directions) output shafts.SOLUTION: This invention relates to an isometric and isotropic type reciprocal engine in which a crank mechanism in the prior art reciprocal engine is replaced with a bevel gear type crank mechanism for converting a reciprocating motion of a piston into a rotating motion through a crank pin installed at an eccentric position of the bevel gear and through a connecting rod and further each of the pistons is positioned at an isometric and isotropic position from the center of a cylinder and synchronized to each other and a plurality of output shafts for different directions are applied.

Description

The present invention relates to a crank mechanism of a reciprocating engine, and more specifically, by changing a conventional crankshaft to a bevel gear, pistons are arranged in equiangular and equi-azimuth on the same pitch circle, and mainly for miniaturization and weight reduction. The present invention relates to an equiangular isotropic reciprocating engine technology for improving the output shaft and the degree of freedom of the engine mount layout.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, internal combustion engines represented by reciprocating engines have become widespread as prime movers such as transport machines represented by automobiles, ships, or aircraft, or as power for generators, pumps, and the like. Most motors in automobiles are four-cycle reciprocating engines, and in order to increase output, the number of cylinders has been increased in order to cope with larger displacement and lower vibration.

In addition, in order to increase the number of cylinders in a reciprocating engine, depending on the mountability and application, there are names such as inline engine, V-type engine, W-type engine, horizontally opposed engine, star engine, etc. The layout has been devised, and those that make the most of each characteristic have been selected and put into practical use.

However, conventional reciprocating engines have a crank structure on the same shaft or a plurality of shafts in order to collect torque between the cranks of each cylinder and to prevent vibration. For this reason, the reciprocating shaft of the piston must be arranged in a plane perpendicular to the crankshaft, so when the number of cylinders is increased, the length of the crankshaft becomes longer, which limits the layout design when a reciprocating engine is mounted on a vehicle. It becomes. In other words, in a small vehicle with a small engine room, the engine mounting layout is set horizontally, and there is no choice but to select a mission-integrated FF drive system (front-wheel drive vehicle). The degree of freedom of design has become low. In addition, as represented by midship type sports cars, heavy engines should be placed in the center of the vehicle as much as possible from the viewpoint of motion performance. Has a problem because it is directly linked to sacrificing indoor space. Furthermore, to drive auxiliary equipment such as power generators, air conditioners, cooling devices, lubrication devices, and fuel supply devices, power is obtained from the output shaft, but in a normal reciprocating engine, all is obtained from the output shaft in one direction. As a result, maintenance problems such as multiple belts concentrating on one axis for power transmission and restrictions on the installation position and layout in the engine room, such as the need to change the rotation direction with gears, may occur. There are various problems.

In addition, paying attention to the length of the crankshaft, as a technology using gears, "a cardan gear mechanism having a fulcrum of linear reciprocating motion is applied, and the cranks of four pairs of horizontal eight cylinders arranged in parallel without the crank swinging. Of a reciprocating engine (Reference 1), or "a spur gear attached to two parallel rotary support shafts and an intermittent gear with a spur gear are connected to a piston with a rack connected to a piston. “Reciprocating motion converted to rotational motion” (Reference 2).

In addition, although a gear is not used, as a related technique, there is one using a structure in which “a crankshaft is provided for each cylinder, a roller chain or the like is attached to each shaft, and a rotational force is extracted” (reference document 3).

However, in these technologies, for the convenience of cylinder arrangement, the cylinder arrangement can only be arranged along the crankshaft, the drive shaft can be provided only in the crankshaft direction, and the length of the crankshaft in the longitudinal direction Has not solved the problem of limiting external dimensions.

Moreover, in recent automobile development in Japan, due to environmental problems of exhaust gas and the problem of exhaustion of fossil fuels such as gasoline, electric vehicles that can be driven only by a motor, or so-called hybrid cars that combine an internal combustion engine and a motor. Research is progressing. In the future, it is expected to shift to a complete electric vehicle. However, in the current stage of electric vehicles, compared to the hybrid, the distance that can be traveled by one charge is short, and the output is not as good as the hybrid.

As described above, the development of so-called hybrid cars, in which an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine and a motor are combined, is progressing day by day. Allocation is increasing. Along with this, the internal combustion engine has been downsized (decrease in displacement), but if it is intended to provide sufficient output characteristics when accelerating on a highway or climbing a hill, there is a limit to downsizing the internal combustion engine. There is. Therefore, it can be said that there is a demand for a technique for realizing miniaturization of the power generation apparatus and the internal combustion engine by a technique different from the conventional structure.

JP2008-255909 JP-A-10-103441 JP-A-7-332107

In a crank structure in a conventional reciprocating engine, for example, in the case of serial connection, the engine body becomes longer in the longitudinal direction of the crankshaft, and in the case of the V type, the number of parts such as cylinders and camshafts increases. Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide a technology for a reciprocating engine that can avoid these problems, greatly reduce the size and reduce the number of parts, and can provide output shafts in a plurality of directions.

  An equiangular isotropic arrangement type reciprocating engine according to the present invention is a reciprocating engine having a bevel gear type crank mechanism and having a piston layout arranged at an equiangular isometric position from the center of the cylinder. The reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into rotational motion via the crank pin and connecting rod provided at the eccentric position of the bevel gear, and the tooth portion of the adjacent bevel gear is meshed with each other so that it can rotate to the base portion. The pistons are arranged in equiangular and isometric positions from the center of the cylinder and rotated by an output shaft protruding outward from the center of the bevel gears. A means of obtaining power was adopted.

  The present invention also relates to the present invention. In the bevel gear crank mechanism, the equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine has a separation distance so that each tooth portion of the adjacent bevel gear does not mesh with the base portion. It is also possible to employ a means for providing rotational power by providing an output bevel gear that supports and meshes with all the teeth of the bevel gear, and an output shaft protruding from the output bevel gear.

  In the equiangular isotropic reciprocating engine according to the present invention, the base portion is disposed outside the bevel gear, and the connecting rod acts as a means disposed inside the bevel gear. You can also.

  Further, the equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine according to the present invention may employ a means in which the base portion is disposed inside the bevel gear and the connecting rod is disposed outside the bevel gear. .

  The equiangular isotropic reciprocating engine according to the present invention is a four-cylinder structure in which the bevel gear crank mechanism is composed of four sets, and the piston layout is arranged in a square shape from the center of the cylinder. Can also be adopted.

In addition, the equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine according to the present invention has an intake and exhaust mechanism,
It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the intake / exhaust valves of all the multi-cylinders are driven by a cam provided on one rotating disk that is decelerated to one-half rotation of the output shaft.

  Further, in the equiangular isotropic reciprocating engine according to the present invention, the output bevel gear output shaft of the output bevel gear is extended to the center of the cylinder region, and a motor or a generator is provided on the output shaft. A configuration including both of these can also be employed.

According to the equiangular isotropic arrangement type reciprocating engine according to the present invention, the restriction of the cylinder arrangement by using the crankshaft is reduced as compared with the conventional reciprocating engine, and the concentration of the cylinder arrangement and the output from the multi-axis direction are reduced. It has the excellent effect of being miniaturized as a power source.

  In addition, according to the isometric isotropically arranged reciprocating engine according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and weight, so that not only as a prime mover or power generation device in an automobile or the like, but also a great merit as a prime mover such as an agricultural machine or a ship. Exhibits an excellent effect that can be applied as a power generator for an emergency in a general household or a portable generator that can be carried.

  In addition, according to the isotropic isotropically arranged reciprocating engine according to the present invention, since many of the basic components are isotropically arranged from the center, the weight balance is excellent, and the weight balance of the vehicle etc. It has an excellent effect of having little influence and increasing the degree of design freedom in the engine mount layout.

It is a structure explanation perspective view explaining the composition of the crank mechanism concerning the present invention. It is a configuration explanatory plan view illustrating the configuration of a crank mechanism according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a configuration explanatory diagram illustrating a multi-cylinder configuration of a crank mechanism according to the present invention. It is a connecting rod inner side structure explanatory cross-sectional side view explaining the structure of the crank mechanism which concerns on this invention. It is a connecting rod outside composition explanation section side view explaining the composition of the crank mechanism concerning the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of an Example of built-in types, such as a cell motor and a generator. It is an Example explanatory drawing of the single disk type intake / exhaust valve mechanism which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing of other Examples of a combustion chamber and an intake / exhaust valve mechanism.

The present invention pays attention to the long crankshaft structure that restricts the mountability to the vehicle, particularly the power output structure of the reciprocating engine 1, and how to extract power regardless of the conventional crankshaft. Furthermore, with the idea of reducing the number of parts and achieving a significant reduction in size compared to the conventional model, the crank configuration in which the output of each cylinder is connected by a combination of bevel gears and the piston layout are arranged at equiangular and isometric positions. The greatest feature is that significant downsizing can be achieved by combining with the above configuration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments illustrating modes for realizing the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of a crank mechanism according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which rotation is synchronized in a state where a bevel gear 10 is combined and teeth portions are engaged with each other. FIG. 1 (c) and FIG. 1 (d) illustrate a configuration in which rotation is synchronized as illustrated in FIG. 1B, with each tooth portion meshing with the output bevel gear 50 without combining each bevel gear 10. ing. 1 (a) and 1 (c) show an embodiment in which the connecting rod 14 is disposed inside the bevel gear 10, and FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (d) show the connecting rod. The example in case 14 is arrange | positioned inside the bevel gearwheel 10 is shown.

  The bevel gear 10 is provided with a crank pin 12 at an eccentric position, and the crank pin 12 is connected to the piston 20 via a connecting rod 14 and a piston pin 22 to change the reciprocating motion of the piston 20 into a rotational motion. 30 is a member corresponding to a conventional crankshaft. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the adjacent bevel gears 10 mesh with each other or are rotatably supported by the base portion 60 so as to mesh with the output bevel gear 50, and A structure is provided in which rotational power is obtained by the output bevel gear rotation shaft 52 or the output shaft 16 of each bevel gear 10.

Next, a description will be given based on FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view for explaining the configuration of the crank mechanism according to the present invention, and shows a state in which the equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine 1 according to the present invention is viewed from the top to the bottom. This is an example in which four bevel gear crank mechanisms 30 are combined, and is not limited to this number except for the invention specified in claim 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the piston layout is arranged in a square shape from the center of the cylinder, and the outer periphery of the entire engine has an isotropic isotropic shape that is isotropic from the center. Therefore, compared with the prior art, there is an advantage that the weight balance is not easily lost even if the mounting direction is changed.

Further, the bevel gear crank mechanism 30 is held by a base portion 60, and the base portion 60 is configured such that the connecting rod 14 is provided outside the bevel gear 10 as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. The holding position is different between the case of and the case of the configuration provided inside. FIG. 2 shows a case where a configuration in which a connecting rod 14 is provided outside the bevel gear 10 is employed. In the case of such a configuration, the bore tends to have a large ratio to the stroke, and the rotation direction is high. However, if a short stroke is achieved with a high rotation type, a general purpose engine with a small cylinder pitch も has problems of service life and noise, so the bore stroke ratio should be determined after careful consideration. On the other hand, when the stroke is large, the torque becomes thick at a low rotation, but the rotation speed tends to be difficult to increase. Therefore, in the equiangular isotropic reciprocating engine according to the present invention, the characteristics differ depending on whether the crank journal portion of the connecting rod is on the inside or the outside, so it is desirable to make good use of the difference.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a configuration example of the crank mechanism 30 according to the present invention. FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating the connection of six crank mechanisms 30 according to the present invention, and the six bevel gears 10 are connected to each other. FIG. 3B shows a layout of six crank mechanisms 30 according to the present invention, and the six bevel gears 10 are separated from each other by a separation distance. FIG. 3C shows the layout of a 6-cylinder engine whose rotation is synchronized by meshing with the output bevel gear 50 without meshing, and FIG. 3C shows the layout of an 8-cylinder engine having the same configuration as FIG. 3 (d) shows a layout of a five-cylinder engine having the same configuration as in FIG. 3 (b). In the configuration in which the teeth of the bevel gear 10 are engaged and connected as in the configurations of (a) and (b), the number of bevel gears 10 must be an even number. The reason for this is omitted because there is no room for explanation.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view for explaining the configuration of the crank mechanism according to the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which an output gear 50 that meshes with all the tooth portions of the bevel gear 10 is provided at the lower portion. In this case, rotational power is obtained by the output shaft 52 protruding from the output gear 50. In this case, if there are four bevel gears 10, the output shaft can be adjusted in six directions by combining with the four output shafts 16. Can be obtained. However, in this case, since the bevel gear 10 has a separation distance so as not to support each other due to the meshing of the tooth portions, sufficient care must be taken in designing the lubrication of each bearing portion and the rigidity of the base portion 60.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view illustrating the configuration of the crank mechanism according to the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which all of the bevel gears 10 mesh with the teeth of the adjacent bevel gears 10. In this case, if there are four bevel gears 10, power can be obtained from the four output shafts 16.

  Next, the intake / exhaust mechanism 80 will be described. FIG. 4 shows an example of a driving method for the intake / exhaust mechanism 80 in the equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine 1. The present invention is limited to adopting this type. is not. There are various types of intake / exhaust systems as a four-cycle engine, such as an old type such as a side valve, and a double overhead camshaft type with variable valve lift and timing as shown in FIG. It may be selected as appropriate.

  In the example of FIG. 4, the push rod 81 is driven by a cam 82 provided on a 1/2 reduction disk 83 decelerated by a 1/2 reduction mechanism 84 that reduces the rotation of the bevel gear 10 by half. In addition, it is shown that the intake and exhaust valves 86 of all the cylinders are driven via the rocker arm 85. As described above, the present invention is not limited to such an air supply / exhaust mechanism 80. As shown in FIG. 5, a cam is provided at one end of the output shaft 16 of the bevel gear 10, the push rod 81 is driven, The intake / exhaust valves 86 of all the cylinders may be driven via 85.

  Further, taking advantage of the equiangular isotropic arrangement, which is a feature of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, if the 1/2 reduction disk 83 is used, the drive system of the air supply / exhaust valve 86 is in rotational motion. There is little loss that converts reciprocating motion into rotational motion, and quietness is good because there are few causes of vibration. In the case of adopting such a configuration, if the half reduction disk 83 is directly provided with a cam and the intake / exhaust valve 86 is directly lifted, the push rod 81, the rocker arm 85, the camshaft, etc. are not required, and the The number of parts can be reduced.

  Further, when the double overhead camshaft type air supply / exhaust mechanism shown in FIG. 8 is adopted, the intake / exhaust valve 86 is inclined to increase the combustion efficiency by making the combustion chamber hemispherical or pent roof type, and a variable valve lift mechanism, etc. It is also effective to use an internal combustion engine with higher combustion efficiency. In this case, it may be through the 1/2 reduction mechanism reduction mechanism that is ½ of the rotation of the output bevel gear 50, or a combination of a timing belt and a pulley as shown in FIG. There is no particular limitation.

  FIG. 6 shows the motor M using a space area vacated in the center of the cylinder 70 area arranged at an isometric isometric position around the output bevel gear output shaft 52 of the output bevel gear. 1 shows a configuration in which one of the generators G or a motor M having both functions is provided. According to such a configuration, since the internal combustion engine and the motor M are integrated, the degree of freedom in designing for storage in the bonnet is widened, and the number of parts such as cases can be reduced. It also leads to cost reduction.

  The equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine 1 according to the present invention can be reduced in size and weight, so that it can be used not only as a prime mover or power generator in an automobile or the like but also as a prime mover in agricultural equipment or a ship. Since it can be produced in large quantities as a power generator for emergencies in general households or as a portable generator that can be carried around, it is understood that its industrial applicability is great.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Isometric isotropic arrangement type reciprocating engine 10 Bevel gear 12 Crank pin 14 Connecting rod 16 Output shaft 20 Piston 22 Piston pin 30 Crank mechanism 50 Output bevel gear 52 Output bevel gear rotating shaft 60 Base part 70 Cylinder 80 Cam structure 81 Pushrod 82 Cam 83 1/2 Reduction Disk 84 1/2 Reduction Mechanism 85 Rocker Arm 86 Intake / Exhaust Valve M Motor G Generator

An equiangular isotropically arranged four-cylinder reciprocating engine according to the present invention is a reciprocating engine having a bevel gear crank mechanism and having a piston layout disposed at an equiangular isometric position from the center of the cylinder, wherein the bevel gear crank The mechanism converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into a rotational motion via a crank pin and a connecting rod provided at the eccentric position of the bevel gear, and meshes the tooth portions of the adjacent bevel gear to the base portion. An output shaft that rotatably supports the bevel gear and interlocks the bevel gears synchronously, and the pistons are arranged at equiangular and isometric positions from the center of the cylinder and project outward from the center of the bevel gears. The means for obtaining rotational power was adopted.

A reciprocating engine having a bevel gear crank mechanism and having a piston layout arranged at an isometric isometric position from the center of the cylinder, wherein the bevel gear crank mechanism includes a crank pin provided at an eccentric position of the bevel gear and a connecting rod. converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion via, a distance as the teeth of其s of the bevel gears being provided adjacent the not engaged axially supported rotatably on the base unit, the Provide an output bevel gear that meshes with all the teeth of each bevel gear,
Each said piston are arranged equiangularly isotropic position from the cylinder center, the output shaft projecting from the output bevel gear, wherein the angular isotropic arrangement type 4-cylinder reciprocating engine like you to obtain rotative power.

In the equiangular isotropic four-cylinder reciprocating engine according to the present invention, the base is disposed on the outside of the bevel gear, and the connecting rod is disposed on the inside of the bevel gear. You can also

Further, the equiangular isotropically arranged four-cylinder reciprocating engine according to the present invention employs means in which the base portion is disposed inside the bevel gear and the connecting rod is disposed outside the bevel gear. You can also.

The equiangular isotropically arranged four-cylinder reciprocating engine according to the present invention has an intake / exhaust mechanism,
It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the intake / exhaust valves of all the multi-cylinders are driven by a cam provided on one rotating disk decelerated to one half of the crankshaft .

In the equiangular isotropically arranged four-cylinder reciprocating engine according to the present invention, the output bevel gear output shaft of the output bevel gear is extended to the center of the cylinder region, and a motor or a generator is provided on the output shaft. Alternatively, a configuration including both of these can also be employed.

An equiangular isotropically arranged four-cylinder reciprocating engine according to the present invention is a four-cylinder reciprocating engine having a bevel gear crank mechanism and having a piston layout arranged at an equiangular isotropic position from the center of the cylinder. The crank mechanism converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into a rotational motion via a crank pin and a connecting rod provided at an eccentric position of the bevel gear, and meshes the tooth portions of the adjacent bevel gear to the base. The base portion is disposed outside the bevel gear, the connecting rod is disposed inside the bevel gear, and the bevel gears are synchronized with each other, The pistons are arranged at equiangular and isometric positions from the center of the cylinder, and a means for obtaining rotational power by an output shaft protruding outward from the center of each bevel gear is employed.

A four-cylinder reciprocating engine having a bevel gear crank mechanism and having a piston layout arranged at an isometric isometric position from the center of the cylinder, wherein the bevel gear crank mechanism is connected to a crank pin provided at an eccentric position of the bevel gear The reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into a rotational motion via the rod, and is pivotally supported on the base portion with a separation distance so that the tooth portions of the adjacent bevel gears do not mesh with each other. The base portion is disposed outside the bevel gear, the connecting rod is disposed inside the bevel gear, and an output bevel gear that meshes with all the tooth portions of each bevel gear is provided. An equiangular isotropically arranged four-cylinder reciprocating engine characterized in that rotational power is obtained by an output shaft that is arranged at equiangular and isotropic positions from a cylinder center and protrudes from the output bevel gear.

Claims (7)

A reciprocating engine having a bevel gear crank mechanism and having a piston layout arranged at an isometric isometric position from the center of the cylinder,
The bevel gear crank mechanism is
The reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into rotational motion via a crank pin and a connecting rod provided at the eccentric position of the bevel gear, and the tooth portions of the adjacent bevel gears are meshed with each other so as to be freely rotatable on the base portion. It is a mechanism that pivotally supports and interlocks each bevel gear synchronously,
Each piston is arranged at an isometric isometric position from the center of the cylinder,
An isometric isotropically arranged reciprocating engine characterized in that rotational power is obtained by an output shaft projecting outward from the center of each bevel gear. In the bevel gear type crank mechanism, the bevel gears adjacent to each other have a separation distance so that the respective tooth portions do not mesh with each other, and are pivotally supported on the base portion.
2. The equiangular isotropic arrangement type according to claim 1, wherein an output bevel gear meshing with all teeth of the bevel gear is provided, and rotational power is obtained by an output shaft protruding from the output bevel gear. Reciprocating engine. The base is disposed outside the bevel gear;
The equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting rod is disposed inside the bevel gear. The base is disposed inside the bevel gear;
The equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting rod is arranged outside the bevel gear. The said bevel gear type crank mechanism is 4 cylinders comprised from 4 sets, Comprising: Piston layout is arranged in square shape from the center of a cylinder, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Isometric isotropic reciprocating engine. The intake / exhaust mechanism in the equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine,
2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the intake / exhaust valves of all four cylinders are driven by a cam provided on one rotating disk decelerated to one-half rotation of the output shaft. The equiangular isotropically arranged reciprocating engine according to any one of Items 5. 2. The output bevel gear output shaft of the output bevel gear is extended to the center of a cylinder region, and has a structure including a motor M, a generator G, or both on the output shaft. The equiangular isotropic arrangement type reciprocating engine according to any one of 1 to 6.