JP2015151093A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioner capable of improving cooling performance using a heat source 1, a refrigeration cycle device 15, and an adsorption type refrigeration device 6.SOLUTION: An air conditioner includes a heat source 1, a cooling medium circuit 2 through which a cooling medium for cooling the heat source 1 flows, and a refrigeration cycle device 15. The refrigeration cycle device 15 includes a compressor 8, a refrigerant circuit 11 for circulating a compressed refrigerant to an outdoor heat exchanger 9 and a heat exchanger 10 for cooling, and decompressing means 12 for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant. The air conditioner includes a cooling medium/refrigerant heat exchanger 4 for performing heat exchange between the cooling medium circuit 2 and the refrigerant circuit 11 and transmitting the heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 to the cooling medium circuit 2. The air conditioner further includes an adsorption type refrigeration device 6 for generating steam from an adsorption agent with the heat of the cooling medium circuit 2, and cooling an air conditioning space 60. When the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is lower than a predetermined temperature, the heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 is transmitted to the cooling medium circuit 2 through the cooling medium/refrigerant heat exchanger 4.

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner that combines both an adsorption refrigeration apparatus that operates using heat from a heat source and a refrigeration cycle apparatus. In particular, the present invention relates to a vehicular air conditioner for buses that combines both an adsorption refrigeration apparatus using waste heat of engine cooling water in a vehicle and a refrigeration cycle apparatus.

  Conventionally, an absorption refrigeration apparatus is known. This is a refrigerating machine that obtains a low temperature by vaporizing a refrigerant at another position by a low pressure generated by absorbing the refrigerant in a liquid having a high absorption capacity.

  As a basic cycle of the absorption refrigeration apparatus, the refrigerant is evaporated by a low-temperature and low-pressure evaporator to produce cold water or cold liquid, and the evaporated refrigerant is absorbed by the absorption liquid by the absorber. That is, a low pressure is generated by absorption, and the refrigerant is evaporated by the evaporator. The absorbing liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant is heated by the regenerator, evaporates and separates the refrigerant, and the refrigerant is returned to the absorber again. The refrigerant separated by evaporation is cooled by a condenser to be liquefied and used again in the evaporator.

  As an apparatus using such an idea of an absorption refrigeration apparatus, a cooling apparatus for a bus vehicle described in Patent Document 1 is known. This device uses an absorption refrigeration system to utilize a preheater for heating that is not used in summer.

  For this purpose, this absorption refrigeration apparatus includes a preheating heater that heats engine cooling water to keep it at a moderately high temperature, and a heater core that heats the vehicle interior by introducing high-temperature engine cooling water from the preheating heater. . Further, the absorption refrigeration apparatus includes a generator that introduces engine coolant at an appropriate temperature and heats a solution of the refrigerant and the absorbent to evaporate the refrigerant, and a condenser that condenses the refrigerant vapor from the generator. .

  Then, the absorption refrigeration apparatus adiabatically expands and evaporates the refrigerant condensed in the condenser, and cools the inside of the bus car by this evaporation heat. The refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator is absorbed by the absorbent. Next, the solution of the refrigerant and the absorbent is sent to the generator by the absorber, and heated again by this generator to vaporize the refrigerant.

  On the other hand, an adsorption refrigeration apparatus (adsorption refrigeration system) that operates with low-temperature heat and obtains cold is known. In this adsorption refrigeration apparatus, a refrigerant composed of water or alcohol is adsorbed on an adsorbent such as silica gel or zeolite, the evaporation of the refrigerant is promoted, the heat of vaporization is taken out, and a cooling effect is obtained.

  There exists patent document 2 as an air-conditioning apparatus using an adsorption | suction type freezing apparatus. In Patent Document 2, a plurality of adsorption cores and a plurality of evaporative condensation cores are independently communicated with each other through a plurality of communication pipes. And the ventilation air of the 1st ventilation means is guide | induced to the some adsorption | suction core by the 1st ventilation path.

  Further, the air blown from the second air blowing means is guided to the plurality of evaporation condensation cores through the second air passage. In Patent Document 2, the vehicle interior can be air-conditioned by both the refrigeration cycle apparatus and the adsorption refrigeration apparatus, but the heat generated by the refrigeration cycle apparatus is not utilized by the adsorption refrigeration apparatus.

  When the refrigerant is desorbed by the adsorbent of the plurality of adsorption cores of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus, the blown air heated by the PTC heater is blown to the plurality of adsorption cores. Furthermore, Non-Patent Document 1 introduces the principle of the adsorption refrigerator in an easy-to-understand manner.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 52-133631 JP-A-11-108487

Principle of adsorption refrigerator, Union Sangyo Co., Ltd. Internet <URL: http://www.union-reitouki.com/chiller/principle.html>

  According to the technique of Patent Document 1, an efficient absorption refrigeration system is employed under a high temperature condition. Therefore, a stable ability cannot be exhibited unless the water temperature is always 85 ° C. or higher. However, if the condition where the water temperature is high is maintained, the cooling capacity of the engine, which is the original purpose of the cooling water circuit, is reduced. Therefore, it is important to prevent heating of the engine serving as a heat source. In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, a branch circuit to the radiator of the engine hot water circuit is arranged, and the flow path of the engine cooling water is switched by a valve or the like. ing.

  From the viewpoint of using waste heat, neither the absorption type nor the adsorption type is changed, but there is a difference in the temperature range. Therefore, it is conceivable to use an adsorption refrigeration apparatus using waste heat of engine cooling water in a bus vehicle. In this adsorption refrigeration apparatus, the capacity of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus cannot be sufficiently exhibited when the hot water temperature of the engine is low. Further, if a preheater that raises the temperature of the hot water is used for the adsorption refrigeration apparatus, the cooling capacity of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus is improved, but the overall efficiency is not improved.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art, and its purpose is to improve the overall cooling capacity by using a heat source, a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and an adsorption refrigeration apparatus. It aims at providing the air conditioner which can be performed.

  Descriptions of patent documents listed as prior art can be introduced or incorporated by reference as explanations of technical elements described in this specification.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following technical means. That is, the air conditioner of the present invention includes a heat source (1) that generates heat during operation, and a cooling medium circuit (2) through which a cooling medium that cools the heat source (1) flows. Further, the air conditioner compresses the refrigerant by the compressor (8), and the compressed refrigerant is cooled by the outdoor heat exchanger (9) constituting the radiator and the cooling heat exchanger (10) for cooling the conditioned air. ) And a refrigerant circuit (11) flowing therethrough. And the decompression means (12) which decompresses and expands a refrigerant | coolant is provided, and an air conditioner comprises the refrigerating-cycle apparatus (15).

  The air conditioner also performs heat exchange between the cooling medium circuit (2) and the refrigerant circuit (11) and transfers heat from the refrigerant circuit (11) to the cooling medium circuit (2). And an adsorption refrigeration apparatus (6).

  In the adsorption refrigeration apparatus (6), the pressure decreases as the adsorbent of the pair of adsorption cores (AD1, AD2) having the adsorbent adsorbs water vapor as a refrigerant. As a result, an adsorption evaporator that produces cold by evaporation of water and an adsorption condenser (6C) that condenses water vapor desorbed from the adsorption core (AD1 or AD2) are provided. In addition, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus includes an adsorption radiator (6R) that cools the adsorbed adsorption core (AD1 or AD2).

  And when the temperature of a cooling medium circuit (2) is lower than predetermined temperature, the heat from a refrigerant circuit (11) is transmitted to a cooling medium circuit (2) via a cooling medium refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger (4). In addition, cooling of the air-conditioning air or cooling of the radiator is performed by the cold heat of the adsorption evaporator.

  According to this invention, when the refrigeration cycle apparatus (15) is linked to the adsorption refrigeration apparatus (6) and the temperature of the cooling medium circuit (2) is lower than the predetermined temperature, the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger (4). The heat from the refrigerant circuit (11) is transferred to the cooling medium circuit (2) via the. And the cooling capacity of the adsorption type air conditioner (6) using the heat of the heat source (1) is improved by efficiently operating the adsorption type refrigeration apparatus (6) using the heat of the cooling medium circuit (2). In addition, the cooling efficiency generated by the adsorption type air conditioner (6) can be improved.

  In addition, the code | symbol in parentheses as described in a claim and said each means thru | or description is an example which shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later easily, and limits the content of invention is not.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner for a bus showing a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram explaining the outline | summary of the adsorption | suction type freezing apparatus used for the said 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram explaining replacement | exchange of a desorption side and an adsorption | suction side with respect to the structure of FIG. 2 of the adsorption | suction type freezing apparatus in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a whole block diagram of the vehicle air conditioner for buses which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram explaining the outline | summary of the adsorption | suction type freezing apparatus used for the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a whole block diagram of the vehicle air conditioner for buses which shows the modification of the bypass part of 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG.

  A plurality of modes for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, parts corresponding to the matters described in the preceding embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. In the case where a part of the configuration is described in each form, the other forms described above can be applied to the other parts of the configuration.

  Not only combinations of parts that clearly indicate that the combination is possible in each embodiment, but also the embodiments are partially combined even if they are not clearly specified unless there is a problem with the combination. It is also possible.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 shows a vehicular air conditioner for buses according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, attention is focused on the fact that the discharge gas of the compressor 8 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 is cooled by a condenser. The heat is not radiated by the condenser but is transferred to the engine cooling water circuit (cooling medium circuit 2) to raise the temperature of the engine cooling water. To supply. By doing so, the cooling capacity is improved and the efficiency is improved without deteriorating the fuel consumption. In the above-described conventional technology, the hot water temperature is raised by operating the preheater, but this does not improve the overall fuel consumption so much, and it is difficult to say that it is useful from the recent trend of fuel consumption regulations.

  In FIG. 1, a heat source 1 that generates heat during operation is constituted by a bus engine (internal combustion engine) that drives a vehicle. That is, the heat source 1 is provided in a bus serving as a vehicle. A cooling medium circuit 2 through which engine cooling water constituting a cooling medium for cooling the heat source 1 flows is provided. FIG. 2 is a specific configuration diagram of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 used in the apparatus of FIG.

  1 includes a heat source 1, a water pump (a cooling medium pump, also referred to as W / P) 3, a cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4, a bypass valve 5, an adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6, an underfloor of a bath A plurality of heater cores 7, a radiator 17, and the like are provided. Engine cooling water flows through the heater core 7 and warms the conditioned air that air-conditions the interior of the bus by a blower fan (not shown).

  In addition, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 8, and the refrigerant is depressurized by a refrigerant circuit 11 that flows the compressed refrigerant between the heat exchanger for heat radiation composed of the outdoor heat exchanger 9 and the heat exchanger for cooling 10. It has a refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 having a decompression means 12 (cooling throttle) for expansion.

  The refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 constitutes a main body of a vehicle air conditioner, and a refrigeration cycle for cooling the passenger compartment is executed. The refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 in FIG. 1 is a general air conditioner cycle, and detailed components such as a receiver are not shown.

  The heat exchanger for heat dissipation is configured by the outdoor heat exchanger 9, and dissipates the heat of the refrigerant to the outside of the vehicle. The cooling heat exchanger 10 is an evaporator in which an internal refrigerant evaporates, and is constituted by a ceiling indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and room air. That is, the air-conditioning air flows through the heat exchanger 10 in the ceiling of the bus, which is composed of the cooling heat exchanger 10 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the room air, and the air-conditioning air is cooled to pass through the vehicle interior. Cool down.

  A cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 is provided that exchanges heat between the cooling medium circuit 2 and the refrigerant circuit 11 and transfers heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 to the cooling medium circuit 2. The cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 is constituted by a water refrigerant heat exchanger, exchanges heat between the cooling medium circuit 2 and the refrigerant circuit 11, and transfers heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 to the cooling medium circuit 2.

  An adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 that cools the air-conditioned space 60 using the heat of the cooling medium circuit 2 is provided. Details of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 will be described later. The control device 16 includes an air conditioning control device, and in addition to the basic control as a normal vehicle air conditioning device, the control device 16 includes a bypass valve 5 and the like for allowing the engine coolant to flow through the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4. Control. The bypass valve 5 is composed of an electromagnetic valve.

  In the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4, when the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is a predetermined high temperature, the control device 16 transmits a control signal to the bypass valve 5. As a result, the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 is bypassed to flow engine cooling water, and the heat from the cooling medium circuit 2 is prevented from being transferred to the refrigerant circuit 11.

  When the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is low, the heat of the refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 8 of the refrigerant circuit 11 is transmitted to the cooling medium circuit 2 via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4.

  The outline of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 is connected to a cooling medium circuit 2 through which engine cooling water flows, and the engine cooling water flows inside. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the conditioned air F11 that has passed through the cooling water heat exchanger 6E2 of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 passes through the evaporator constituting the cooling heat exchanger 10, and is shown in FIG. It flows in the direction of arrow Y11. Since the cooling water heat exchanger 6E2 of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 has a higher temperature, the conditioned air first passes through the cooling water heat exchanger 6E2 of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6, and later the refrigeration cycle apparatus. The heat exchange may not be performed unless it passes through the evaporator constituting the cooling heat exchanger 10. The conditioned air F11 is blown out into the passenger compartment.

  In addition, arrows Y12 and Y13 in FIG. 1 indicate the flow of the cooling medium constituted by the engine cooling water, and Y14 indicates the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15.

  Next, the internal configuration of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 will be described. 1 and 2, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 includes a pair of adsorption cores AD1 and AD2 having an adsorbent that adsorbs a refrigerant. It has a cooler (adsorption radiator) 6R that cools the adsorption core AD1 or AD2 whose temperature is increased by applying heat for desorption. In addition, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 includes a condenser (adsorption condenser) 6C that condenses the gas refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent into a liquid refrigerant, and an evaporator (adsorption evaporator) 6E that evaporates the water that becomes the liquid refrigerant and generates cold. Have.

  The adsorbing cores AD1 and AD2 are configured as a pair of one to be detached and one to be adsorbed. In the adsorption cores AD1 and AD2, the adsorbent is in contact with the heat exchanger. Because it is in contact, there is no need to exchange heat with wind.

  Next, the target air is not directly cooled by the adsorption evaporator 6E, but cooling water is generated using the cold heat generated by the adsorption evaporator 6E. The cooling water is lifted to near the cooling heat exchanger 10 (FIG. 1) of the refrigeration cycle device 15 on the ceiling of the bus, and heat exchange with the air is performed by the cooling water heat exchanger 6E2 disposed there.

  The air passes through the heat exchanger 6E2 for cooling water and then passes through the heat exchanger 10 for cooling of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 and becomes air-conditioned air that cools the target space.

  Next, the detachment side will be described.

  Since the adsorbent that has adsorbed the refrigerant vapor cannot adsorb the refrigerant any more, it must be desorbed (regenerated) by applying heat as shown in FIG. This is performed by the heat of the engine and unnecessary heat generated by the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15. The cooling medium circuit 2 is connected to the adsorption core AD1 on the desorption side. That is, the circuits of the four-way valves 4D1 and 4D2 as shown in FIG. 2 are formed.

  The refrigerant composed of the heat of the heat source 1 and the water vapor desorbed by unnecessary heat generated in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 is condensed by the adsorption capacitor 6C, passes through a circuit communicating as a liquid to the adsorption evaporator 6E, and the arrow Y21. Move like. The operation of the check valve 6g2 is switched so that the adsorption core AD2 on the desorption side in FIG. 2 is connected to the adsorption capacitor 6C.

  The adsorption capacitor 6C in FIGS. 2 and 3 is a heat exchanger, although it is drawn in a box shape so that the water circuit can be easily understood.

  Next, the adsorption side will be described.

  The suction-side suction core AD1 in FIG. 2 communicates with the suction evaporator 6E with the check valve 6g3 opened as shown in FIG. As the adsorption core AD1 adsorbs the refrigerant vapor, the pressure decreases, and the liquid refrigerant present around the adsorption evaporator 6E evaporates. In the adsorption evaporator 6E, cooling water that carries cold heat flows to the heat exchanger 6E2 on the ceiling cooling water, and the cooling water is cooled by evaporating the water that becomes the liquid refrigerant in the adsorption evaporator 6E. Further, since the adsorption core AD1 generates heat due to adsorption, the cooling water flowing through the adsorption core AD1 is led to the adsorption radiator 6R to be cooled. The adsorption radiator 6R dissipates heat into the air.

  When each desorption or adsorption is completed, the circuit is switched as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, and the desorption or adsorption roles of the adsorption cores AD1 and AD2 are switched. That is, the desorption or adsorption action of the adsorption core composed of a pair is switched. Using the four-way valves 4D1 and 4D2 in the cooling medium circuit 2 through which the engine cooling water flows, the hot water from the engine serving as the heat source 1 is switched to the adsorption core AD1 on the desorption side in FIG. The suction core AD2 is connected to the circuit of the suction radiator 6R to radiate heat. Further, the core AD2 on the suction side and the suction capacitor 6C in FIG. 3 are blocked by a valve. The suction core AD2 and the suction evaporator 6E communicate with each other with a check valve 6g4 opened. Further, the communication between the adsorption core AD1 on the desorption side and the adsorption evaporator 6E in FIG. 3 is blocked by the pressure difference of the check valve.

  By supplying the cooling water cooled by the adsorption evaporator 6E, the cold energy can be continuously sent to the cooling water heat exchanger 6E2.

  Although it is possible in principle to send warm air using the heat generated by the adsorption capacitor 6C, it simply releases the heat of the engine as the heat source 1 by the adsorption core AD1 or AD2. Yes, there is an effect of storing heat and shifting the time axis, but it does not make much sense. That is, heat is input to desorb the adsorption core AD1 or AD2, and the heat is only released during adsorption, so the adsorption system is basically not involved in air conditioning during heating.

  In this way, the cold generated by the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 is used to cool the passenger compartment. Heating by adsorption is not performed.

  The cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 in FIG. 1 has two points indicated by arrows Y42 on the upstream side of the heat source 1 (engine) on the downstream side of the heater core 7 after passing through the plurality of heater cores 7 and being cooled. You may provide in the position of a chain line part. If it carries out like this, the temperature of engine cooling water will fall by the part cooled by the heater core 7, and it becomes easy to receive the engine cooling water used as a cooling medium for the heat from a refrigerant | coolant via the cooling medium refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 4. FIG.

  The apparatus of the first embodiment basically transfers heat in one way from the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 side to the engine cooling water side. However, the cooling water leaving the engine is very hot. The cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat between the high-temperature engine cooling water and the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8.

  If the engine coolant is heated from the refrigerant side when the engine temperature is high, the amount of heat released from the radiator 17 must be increased. This increases the power of a radiator fan (not shown). Therefore, in order to prevent this, when the temperature of the engine coolant is sufficiently high, a bypass circuit 35 (FIG. 1) is used in which the coolant coolant heat exchanger 4 is bypassed to flow the engine coolant. The bypass valve 5 of the bypass circuit 35 is controlled by detecting the temperature of the engine coolant and the refrigerant temperature on the high pressure side of the compressor 8 and sending a control signal from the control device 16 to the bypass valve 5.

  The refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 performs cooling of a bus serving as a vehicle by an indoor cooling heat exchanger 10 (evaporator). The high-temperature refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 8 passes through the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 and flows to a condenser (condenser) constituting the outdoor heat exchanger 9. When the temperature of the engine cooling water is low, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the engine cooling water in order to operate the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 efficiently.

  For this purpose, the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant coming out of the compressor 8 is given to the engine cooling water via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant after passing through the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 9 acting as a condenser and radiates heat to the air outside the vehicle.

  As described above, during cooling, the conditioned air flowing in the passenger compartment is cooled by the indoor cooling heat exchanger 10 (evaporator) and the cooling water heat exchanger 6E2 for cooling of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus. be able to. The heat exchanger 6E2 is a ceiling-mounted heat exchanger through which cooling water absorbed by the adsorption evaporator 6E flows.

  As described above, the cooling efficiency can be improved by about 10% by linking the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 and the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 and transferring heat. This is because heat is exchanged between the discharge gas (refrigerant) of the compressor 8 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 and the cooling medium circuit 2 through which the engine cooling water flows, thereby raising the temperature of the engine cooling water and the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6. Because it raises the ability. Further, when viewed from the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15, it is possible to reduce the load on the heat exchanger (condenser) for radiating heat by reducing the temperature of the discharge gas, the high pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 8 is reduced, and the compressor This is because the power of No. 8 is reduced, and as a result, COP (coefficient of performance) is improved.

(Operational effects of the first embodiment)
In the air conditioner of the first embodiment, the air conditioner compresses the refrigerant by the heat source 1 that generates heat during operation, the cooling medium circuit 2 through which the cooling medium that cools the heat source 1 flows, and the refrigerant. The air conditioner includes a refrigerant circuit 11 that flows the compressed refrigerant to the outdoor heat exchanger 9 and the cooling heat exchanger 10, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 that includes a decompression unit 12 that decompresses and expands the refrigerant. .

The air conditioner also includes a cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 that exchanges heat between the cooling medium circuit 2 and the refrigerant circuit 11 and transmits heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 to the cooling medium circuit 2.
The air conditioner also includes a pair of adsorption cores AD1 and AD2 each having an adsorbent, and an adsorption evaporator 6E that creates cold by reducing the pressure when the adsorption cores AD1 and AD2 adsorb water vapor to evaporate water. The air conditioner also includes an adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 that includes an adsorption condenser 6C that condenses water vapor desorbed from the adsorption core and an adsorption radiator 6R that cools the adsorbed adsorption core.

  When the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is lower than a predetermined temperature, heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 is transmitted to the cooling medium circuit 2 via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4. Then, the conditioned air is cooled through the cooling pipe 54 and the cooling water heat exchanger 6E2 constituting the adsorption cooling water circuit through which the cold water of the adsorption evaporator 6E flows.

  According to this, the cooling efficiency can be improved by linking the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 and the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 and transferring heat as described above. This is because the temperature of the engine cooling water is raised by exchanging heat between the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 8 of the compressor 8 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 and the cooling medium circuit 2 through which the engine cooling water flows. Because it raises. Further, when viewed from the refrigeration cycle device 15, it is possible to reduce the load of the heat exchanger capacitor for heat dissipation by lowering the temperature of the discharge gas, the high pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 8 is lowered, and the compressor 8 This is because the power decreases, and as a result, the coefficient of performance improves.

The heat source 1 of the air conditioner is constituted by an engine,
The cooling medium circuit 2 is composed of a cooling water circuit through which engine cooling water serving as a cooling medium flows.
The cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 is composed of a water refrigerant heat exchanger that transfers heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 to the engine cooling water,
When the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is low, heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 is transmitted to the cooling medium circuit 2 via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4.

  According to this, when the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is low, the heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 is transferred to the cooling medium circuit 2 via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4, so the temperature of the engine cooling water is raised and adsorbed The capacity of the refrigeration unit 6 can be increased.

In addition, the heat source 1 is provided in a bus serving as a vehicle,
The cooling heat exchanger 10 is configured by a ceiling indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and room air.

  According to this, the air conditioning efficiency of the bus can be increased. Moreover, since the bus is large, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 can be easily mounted.

Next, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15, the outdoor heat exchanger 9 that constitutes the radiator is constituted by a heat radiation heat exchanger, the cooling heat exchanger 10 is constituted by an evaporator, and the conditioned space 60 is formed by this evaporator. Operates in a refrigeration cycle to cool,
The refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 configures the outdoor heat exchanger 9 as a heat dissipation heat exchanger.

  According to this, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 can be easily configured with a general refrigeration cycle apparatus.

Next, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 includes a first adsorption core AD1 and a second adsorption core AD2 each holding an adsorbent, and the first adsorption core AD1 and the second adsorption core AD2 are alternately separated from the adsorption side. Act as a remote side,
The flow path to the first adsorption core AD1 and the second adsorption core AD2 of the cooling medium circuit is switched by a valve, and the evaporation of water vapor from the adsorbent in the adsorption core on the desorption side is promoted by the heat of the cooling medium circuit.

  According to this, the flow path to the first adsorption core AD1 and the second adsorption core AD2 of the cooling medium circuit is switched by the valve so that the first adsorption core AD1 and the second adsorption core AD2 can be easily alternately arranged on the adsorption side. It can be operated as the detachment side. And cold heat can be continuously taken out from the adsorption refrigeration apparatus.

  Further, when the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is a predetermined high temperature, a bypass that suppresses heat exchange between the cooling medium circuit 2 and the refrigerant circuit 11 by bypassing the cooling medium or the refrigerant flowing through the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4. A valve 5 is provided.

  According to this, it is possible to bypass the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 to flow engine cooling water and prevent the heat from the cooling medium circuit 2 from being transmitted to the refrigerant circuit 11.

  Since the adsorption type can be operated at a lower temperature than the absorption type, by adopting the adsorption type refrigeration device 6, the residual heat remaining in the engine cooling water when the engine is stopped (during idle stop). It is also possible to cool.

  In particular, when the vehicle is a bus, the waste heat of the engine is large, and there is a space where the adsorption refrigeration apparatus can be arranged under the floor of the bus. Currently, counterweights are placed on the lower part of the vehicle to keep the center of gravity low. As an alternative to the weight of the counterweight, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 can be mounted.

  In patent document 1, a warm water temperature is raised using a preheater in summer, and an absorption refrigerating apparatus is operated with the heat to perform cooling. However, in the first embodiment, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 and the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 are combined. Thus, the cooling performance can be improved by increasing the temperature of the engine cooling water in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 and the capacity of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6, and the cooling efficiency can be improved by about 10%.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. A different part from above-described embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 4 shows a vehicular air conditioner for buses according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram illustrating a state in which cold heat is sent from the adsorption refrigeration apparatus to the supercooling heat exchanger in the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4. 4 and 5, the difference from the first embodiment is that the refrigerant that has dissipated heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 9 constitutes a supercooling heat exchanger 36 that serves as a supercooling section of the outdoor heat exchanger (9). It is the point which flows into the adsorption cold heat exchanger which performs supercooling. That is, in this embodiment, the supercooling heat exchanger 36 is configured as an adsorption cold heat exchanger, and moderate supercooling is achieved by the cold heat of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6.

  FIG. 5 shows a configuration of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 in the second embodiment. The difference of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 of the second embodiment from the first embodiment is that the supercooling heat exchanger 36 is appropriately subcooled by the cold heat of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6. For this purpose, a supercooling heat exchanger 36 is provided which includes the first supercooling heat exchanger 36a and the second supercooling heat exchanger 36b shown in FIG.

  Water serving as the liquid refrigerant flowing through the supercooling heat exchanger 36 is passed from the adsorption evaporator 6E to the first supercooling heat exchanger 36a via the first cooling pipe 53 and the second cooling pipe 54 in FIG. Flowed by the cooling pump 55.

  Thereby, the cold heat from the adsorption evaporator 6E is transmitted to the supercooling heat exchanger 36 via the first cooling pipe 53 and the second cooling pipe 54, and the supercooling of the refrigerant radiated by the outdoor heat exchanger 9 is performed. Is done.

  In this way, the supercooling heat exchanger 36 in FIG. 5 supercools the refrigerant by exchanging heat with the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 9 and the cold water of the adsorption evaporator 6E in the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6. To do.

(Operational effect of the second embodiment)
In the second embodiment, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 has a refrigeration cycle in which the outdoor heat exchanger 9 is configured as a heat dissipation heat exchanger and the cooling heat exchanger 10 is configured by an indoor evaporator.

  According to this, the refrigeration cycle device 15 is linked to the adsorption refrigeration device 6 so that when the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is low, the heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 is transferred to the cooling medium circuit via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4. 2 can be transmitted. Therefore, by increasing the efficiency of the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6, the air conditioning efficiency of the entire air conditioner using the heat of the heat source 1 can be increased.

  In addition, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 includes a supercooling heat exchanger 36 through which the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 9 flows. On the other hand, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 includes an adsorption evaporator 6E and can generate cold.

  Then, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 is operated by the heat of the cooling medium circuit 2. According to this, the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 can be efficiently operated by the heat of the cooling medium circuit 2. In addition, the supercooling heat exchanger 36 can control the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the cold heat in the adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6. Therefore, the system efficiency can be improved by cooling the liquid refrigerant to an appropriate supercooled state.

  In the second embodiment, a pair of adsorption cores AD1 and AD2 having an adsorbent, and an adsorption evaporator 6E that creates cold by reducing the pressure when the adsorption cores AD1 and AD2 adsorb water vapor to evaporate water. Have. In addition, an adsorption refrigeration apparatus 6 including an adsorption capacitor 6C for condensing water vapor desorbed from the adsorption core AD1 or AD2 and an adsorption radiator 6R for cooling the adsorbed adsorption core AD1 or AD2 is provided. When the temperature of the cooling medium circuit 2 is lower than a predetermined temperature, the heat from the refrigerant circuit 11 is transmitted to the cooling medium circuit 2 via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4. In addition, the supercooling heat exchanger 36 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is supercooled through the cooling pipes 53 and 54 through which water flows through the cold heat of the adsorption evaporator 6E.

  According to this, the supercooling heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle apparatus via the cooling pipes 53 and 54 and the first supercooling heat exchanger 36a constituting the adsorption cooling water circuit through which water flows through the cold heat of the adsorption evaporator 6E. 36 supercooling can be performed. Therefore, the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 15 can be increased by appropriately controlling the degree of supercooling.

(Other embodiments)
In the above embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is. The structure of the said embodiment is an illustration to the last, Comprising: The scope of the present invention is not limited to the range of these description. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further includes meanings equivalent to the description of the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope.

  In the first embodiment, the heat source 1 is a vehicle engine, but other engines, fuel cells, and the like may be used. Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the flow of engine cooling water was switched by the 4-way valve in the adsorption | suction type freezing apparatus 6, you may switch by the combination of a some solenoid valve. Thereby, moisture can be desorbed from the adsorbent that has adsorbed water vapor with the heat of engine cooling water. In the above embodiment, silica gel or zeolite is used as the adsorbent, but activated carbon, activated alumina, or the like may be used.

  In addition, the compressor 8 is not limited to an electric type, and an engine-driven air conditioner in which the compressor 8 is driven by an engine may be configured. In this case, when the electromagnetic clutch is energized, the compressor 8 transmits the rotational power of the engine via the belt, and compresses and discharges the sucked refrigerant.

  In addition, although the adsorption-type refrigeration apparatus 6 showed an example, if it is an apparatus of the system which gives the heat from the heat source 1 to 1st adsorption core AD1 and 2nd adsorption core AD2 alternately, various adsorption-type refrigeration apparatuses will be shown. 6 can be used.

  Further, it can be applied not only to vehicle air conditioners but also to home and building air conditioners. The heat source 1 can also use the heat of an inverter or generator, the heat of a fuel cell, the heat of a solar water heater, or the like.

  In the above embodiment, when the temperature of the engine cooling water is sufficiently high, the bypass valve 5 and the bypass circuit 35 that flow the engine cooling water by bypassing the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 are used. Alternatively, the bypass three-way valve 50 may be used as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows a modification of the second embodiment. In order to temporarily suppress heat exchange between the engine side and the refrigerant, the refrigerant bypass valve 57 or the refrigerant bypass three-way valve 58 of FIG. 6 that bypasses the refrigerant so as not to pass through the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger 4 may be provided. good. These bypass valve 5, bypass three-way valve 50, refrigerant bypass valve 57, and refrigerant bypass three-way valve 58 constitute bypass valve means.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat source 2 Cooling medium circuit 4 Cooling medium refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 6 Adsorption-type refrigeration apparatus 8 Compressor 9 Outdoor heat exchanger 10 Heat exchanger for cooling 11 Refrigerant circuit 15 Refrigeration cycle apparatus 60 Air-conditioning space

Claims (6)

A heat source (1) that generates heat during operation;
A cooling medium circuit (2) through which a cooling medium for cooling the heat source (1) flows;
A refrigerant circuit that compresses the refrigerant by the compressor (8) and flows the compressed refrigerant to the outdoor heat exchanger (9) that constitutes the radiator and the cooling heat exchanger (10) that cools the conditioned air. (11) and a refrigeration cycle apparatus (15) comprising a decompression means (12) for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant;
A cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger (4) for exchanging heat between the cooling medium circuit (2) and the refrigerant circuit (11) and transferring heat from the refrigerant circuit (11) to the cooling medium circuit (2); ,
A pair of adsorption cores (AD1, AD2) having an adsorbent, and an adsorption evaporator (6E) that creates a cold by reducing the pressure when the adsorption cores (AD1, AD2) adsorb the refrigerant vapor to evaporate the refrigerant; An adsorption refrigeration apparatus comprising an adsorption condenser (6C) for condensing refrigerant vapor desorbed from the adsorption cores (AD1, AD2) and an adsorption radiator (6R) for cooling the adsorbed adsorption cores (AD1, AD2). 6)
When the temperature of the cooling medium circuit (2) is lower than a predetermined temperature, heat from the refrigerant circuit (11) is transferred to the cooling medium circuit (2) via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger (4). The air conditioner is characterized in that the air conditioning air is cooled or the radiator is supercooled by the cold heat of the adsorption evaporator (6E). The heat source (1) is constituted by an engine,
The cooling medium circuit (2) includes a cooling water circuit through which engine cooling water serving as the cooling medium flows.
The cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger (4) is composed of a water refrigerant heat exchanger that transfers heat from the refrigerant circuit (11) to the engine cooling water,
When the temperature of the cooling medium circuit (2) is lower than a predetermined temperature, heat from the refrigerant circuit (11) is transferred to the cooling medium circuit (2) via the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger (4). The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is transmitted. The heat source (1) is provided in a bus serving as a vehicle,
3. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the cooling heat exchanger includes a ceiling indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and room air. 4.   In the refrigeration cycle device (15), the outdoor heat exchanger (9) is constituted by the radiator having a supercooling section, and the cooling heat exchanger (10) is constituted by an evaporator. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air conditioner is operated in a refrigeration cycle that cools the conditioned air with a cooler. The adsorption refrigeration apparatus (6) includes a first adsorption core (AD1) and a second adsorption core (AD2) each holding the adsorbent, and the first adsorption core (AD1) The second adsorption core (AD2) operates alternately as an adsorption side and a desorption side,
The flow path to the first adsorption core (AD1) and the second adsorption core (AD2) of the cooling medium circuit is switched by a valve, and the adsorption core (AD1) on the desorption side is heated by the heat of the cooling medium circuit. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein evaporation of the refrigerant from the adsorbent in AD2) is promoted.   Further, when the temperature of the cooling medium circuit (2) is a predetermined high temperature, the cooling medium or the refrigerant flowing through the cooling medium refrigerant heat exchanger (4) is bypassed, and the cooling medium circuit (2) and the refrigerant are bypassed. 6. The air conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising bypass valve means (5, 50, 57, 58) for suppressing heat exchange with the circuit (11).

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