JP2014524737A - IL−15およびIL−15RαSUSHIドメインに基づいた免疫サイトカイン - Google Patents
IL−15およびIL−15RαSUSHIドメインに基づいた免疫サイトカイン Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
A)コンジュゲート、および
B)前記コンジュゲートに共有原子価により直接または間接的に結合された抗体またはその断片を含む、免疫サイトカインであって、
前記コンジュゲートが、
(i)インターロイキン15またはその誘導体のアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、および
(ii)IL−15Rαまたはその誘導体のsushiドメインのアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、
を含む、免疫サイトカインに関する。
(i)上記の免疫サイトカイン、それをコードする核酸配列、またはそのような核酸配列を含むベクターと、
(ii)治療剤、好ましくは抗癌剤と
を含むプロドラッグに関する。
(i)上記の免疫サイトカイン、それをコードする核酸配列、またはそのような核酸配列を含むベクター、および
(ii)治療剤、好ましくは抗癌剤を、それを必要とする被験体に同時、別々または連続して投与する工程を含む、癌を治療する方法に関する。
A)コンジュゲート、および
B)前記コンジュゲートに共有原子価により直接または間接的に結合された抗体またはその断片
を含む、免疫サイトカインであって、
前記コンジュゲートは、
(i)インターロイキン15またはその誘導体のアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、および
(ii)IL−15Rαまたはその誘導体のsushiドメインのアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド
を含む、免疫サイトカインに関する。
「インターロイキン15」という用語は、当該技術分野のその一般的な意味において、IL−2と構造的に類似するサイトカインを指す(GRABSTEINら、Science、vol.264(5161)、p:965−968、1994)。このサイトカインはIL−15、IL15またはMGC9721としても知られている。このサイトカインおよびIL−2は多くの生物活性を共有し、それらは共通のヘマトポイエチン受容体サブユニットに結合することが見出された。したがって、それらは同じ受容体を競合し得、互いの活性を負に調節する。IL−15がTおよびナチュラルキラー細胞の活性化および増殖を調節すること、ならびにCD8+メモリ細胞の数がこのサイトカインとIL2との間の平衡により制御されることが示されていることは確立されている。IL−15活性は、実施例に開示されているように、kit225細胞株でのその増殖誘導を定量することにより測定され得る(HORIら、Blood、vol.70(4)、p:1069−72、1987)。
「抗体」という用語は、ジスルフィド結合により相互連結される、4つのポリペプチド鎖、2つの同一の重(H)鎖(完全長の場合、約50〜70kDa)および2つの同一の軽(L)鎖(完全長の場合、約25kDa)を含む四量体に対応する免疫グロブリン分子を指す。軽鎖はκおよびλと分類される。重鎖は、γ、μ、α、δ、またはεと分類され、抗体のアイソタイプをIgG、IgM、IgA、IgD、およびIgEとそれぞれ定義する。各重鎖はN末端重鎖可変領域(本明細書中でHCVRと略する)および重鎖定常領域からなる。重鎖定常領域は、IgG、IgD、およびIgAについて3つのドメイン(CH1、CH2、およびCH3);ならびにIgMおよびIgEについて4つのドメイン(CH1、CH2、CH3、およびCH4)からなる。各軽鎖は、N末端軽鎖可変領域(本明細書中でLCVRと略する)および軽鎖定常領域からなる。軽鎖定常領域は1つのドメイン、CLからなる。HCVRおよびLCVR領域は、フレームワーク領域(FR)と呼ばれる、より保存される領域が散在している、相補性決定領域(CDR)と呼ばれる超可変性領域にさらに細分されてもよい。各HCVRおよびLCVRは、以下の順序:FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3、FR4でアミノ末端からカルボキシ末端に整列される、3つのCDRおよび4つのFRからなる。各ドメインに対するアミノ酸の割り当ては周知の慣用法に従う。特定の抗原に結合する抗体の機能的能力は、各軽/重鎖対の可変領域に依存し、主にCDRにより決定される。
第2の態様において、本発明は、上記の免疫サイトカイン、好ましくは融合タンパク質に対応する免疫サイトカインをコードする核酸に関する。
本発明のさらなる目的は、最終的に薬学的に許容可能な担体と結合される、上記の免疫サイトカイン、それをコードする核酸、または前記核酸を含むベクターを含む医薬組成物に関する。
さらなる態様において、本発明は、被験体における癌を治療するための上記の医薬組成物、好ましくは上記の免疫サイトカインを含む医薬組成物に関する。
被験体における癌を治療するための同時、別々、または連続使用のための組み合わせた調製物として、
(i)上記の免疫サイトカイン、それをコードする核酸配列、またはそのような核酸配列を含むベクター、および
(ii)治療剤、好ましくは抗癌剤
を含有する製剤に関する。
(i)上記の免疫サイトカイン、それをコードする核酸配列、またはそのような核酸配列を含むベクター、および
(ii)治療剤、好ましくは抗癌剤
を、それを必要とする被験体に同時、別々、または連続して投与する工程を含む、癌を治療するための方法に関する。
抗CD20(リツキシマブ)および抗GD2−O−アセチル化免疫サイトカインの構築
抗CD20キメラIgG軽鎖および抗GD2−O−アセチル化キメラIgG軽鎖をコードする発現プラスミドは、親切にも、Dr WATIER(Universite Francois−Rabelais de Tours、フランス)およびDr BIRKLE(INSERM、Universite de Nantes、U892、フランス)によりそれぞれ提供された。各抗体のキメラIgG重鎖配列は、IL15(配列番号3、93位におけるアミノ酸はKである)に対して22アミノ酸(配列番号16)のリンカーを有するまたは有さない3’末端において融合するように設計した。これらのヌクレオチド配列を合成し、GENEARTによりpcDNA3.1プラスミド内でクローニングした。抗GD2−O−アセチル化抗体(8B6)の軽鎖および重鎖の完全配列は、特許出願EP2,076,542A1およびCERATOら(Hybridoma、vol.16(4)、p:307−16、1997)に開示されている。抗CD20抗体(2B8)の軽鎖および重鎖の完全な配列は、米国特許第5,736,137号(ANDERSONら、「C2B8」と呼ばれる抗体として)およびREFFら(Blood、vol.83(2)、p:435−45、1994)に開示されている。
40kDaの線形PEIはPOLYSCIENCEから得た。1mg/mLのストック溶液を、加熱しながら水中でPEIを溶解し、NaOHにより中和し、0.22μmのフィルタを通す濾過により滅菌することにより調製した。溶液ストックをアリコートし、−20℃に保存した。
1−懸濁液中の一過性トランスフェクション:
通常のように維持したCHO−S(INVITROGEN)細胞を、PowerCHO2培地(LONZA)中で1×106細胞/mLの密度で播種し、5%CO2を含む振盪インキュベータ(100rpm)において37℃にて一晩培養した。トランスフェクションのために、次いで細胞をCD−CHO培地(INVITROGEN)中で2×106細胞/mLに希釈した。トランスフェクション複合体を、NaCl150mMを使用して10%の培養体積中で調製した。発現構築物DNA(2.5mg/Lの培養体積、1:2比の重鎖をコードするプラスミド対軽鎖をコードするプラスミドを使用した)を、NaCl(10mg/mLの最終培養体積)中に希釈したPEIと混合し、培地に加える前に室温にて10分間インキュベートした。細胞を、37℃にて5時間、振盪インキュベータ(130rpm)中で培養し、その後、PowerCHO2培地で培養体積を2倍にした。トランスフェクションの5日後に上清を回収した。
CHO−K1細胞(ATCCn○CCL−61)を、l−グルタミン、10%FCSおよびペニシリン(100単位/ml)/ストレプトマイシン(100μg/ml)を補足したDMEM中で増殖させ、製造業者により推奨されるようにリポフェクタミン2000試薬(INVITROGEN)を使用して各ベクターでトランスフェクトした。抗GD2O−アセチル化ICKおよび抗CD20ICKについてそれぞれ、ジェネティシンおよびハイグロマイシン(0.5mg/ml)またはブラスチシンおよびハイグロマイシン(5μg/mLおよび100μg/mL)を含有する培地での限界希釈によりクローンを選択した。各クローンの培養上清を、ELISAにより二官能性タンパク質産生についてアッセイした。ICKの産生に関して、選択されたクローンを25%のDMEM培地および75%のAIM培地(INVITROGEN)中で増幅させた。次いで細胞を100%のAIM中に維持し、上清を回収し、10日間、2日毎に入れ替えた。
回収した上清を、4℃にて20分間、3000rpmにて遠心分離し、NaOHでpH7.8に平衡化し、0.22μmのフィルタを通して濾過した。馴化培地を、製造業者の指示書に従ってプロテインAカラム(GE)を使用してアフィニティクロマトグラフィーにより精製した。精製したタンパク質を50kDaのAMICON単位(MILLIPORE)で濃縮した。この工程の間、溶出緩衝液をPBSと置き換えた。精製したタンパク質をELISAにより最後にアッセイし、280nmにて吸光度を測定した。純度を電気泳動により評価した。
Maxisorp平底マイクロタイタープレート(NUNC)を、4℃にて1.5μg/mLにPBS中で希釈した100μLのヤギ抗ヒト抗体(UP892370、INTERCHIM)でコーティングした。次いでプレートを37℃にて1時間、200μLの遮断緩衝液(PBS中の1%BSA+0.1%TWEEN20)で遮断した。次いでプレートを洗浄緩衝液(PBS中の0.1%TWEEN20)で3回洗浄し、遮断緩衝液中で希釈した試料を加え、37℃で30分インキュベートした(100μL)。3回の洗浄後、1:10000に希釈したペルオキシダーゼコンジュゲートヤギ抗ヒトIgG1(109−036−003、JACKSON)を加え、37℃にて30分間インキュベートした。TMB基質(INTERCHIM)を使用してタンパク質レベルを決定し、プレートを450nmにて読み取った。精製したリツキシマブ(ROCHE)を使用してプレート上での標準曲線を生成した。
Maxisorp平底マイクロタイタープレート(NUNC)を、4℃にて16時間、2μg/mLに炭酸塩緩衝液中で希釈した100μLの抗IL15B−E29(DIACLONE)でコーティングした。次いでプレートを37℃にて1時間、200μLの遮断緩衝液(PBS中の1%BSA)で遮断した。次いでプレートを洗浄緩衝液(PBS中の0.05%Tween20)で3回洗浄した。TBS+0.05%BSA中で希釈した試料を加え、37℃にて1時間30分インキュベートした(100μL)。3回の洗浄後、200ng/mLに希釈したビオチン化抗IL15抗体BAM247(R&D SYSTEM)を加え、37℃にて1時間30分間、インキュベートした。プレートを3回洗浄し、ペルオキシダーゼコンジュゲートストレプトアビジンを1:1000希釈して加えた。TMB基質(INTERCHIM)を使用してタンパク質レベルを決定し、プレートを450nmにて読み取った。IL−15(PEPROTECH)を使用してプレート上での標準曲線を生成した。
得られた免疫サイトカインのインターロイキン−15増殖活性を試験した。ICKに対するKit225および32Dβ細胞の増殖反応を、[3H]チミジン組み込みにより測定した。細胞を3日間培地中に維持し、2回洗浄し、Kit225および32Dβについてそれぞれ24時間または4時間、サイトカインを含まない培地中で飢餓させた。次いでそれらを、100μl中の104細胞/ウェルにてマルチウェルプレート中に播種し、増加させた濃度の試料を補足した培地中で48時間培養した。ヒトrIL−15およびRLIを校正物として使用した。0.5μCi/ウェルの[3H]チミジンを用いて16時間、細胞をパルスし、ガラス繊維フィルタ上で収集し、細胞結合放射線物質を測定した。
抗CD20および抗GD2O−アセチル化ICKの特異的結合を、それぞれ腫瘍細胞RajiおよびIMR32でフローサイトメトリーにより評価した。エフェクター細胞においてIL−15受容体に結合するICKの能力をKit225で試験した。標的細胞でコーティングしたICKは、PEコンジュゲートヤギ抗ヒトIgG mAb(PN IM0550、BECKMAN COULTER)、またはPE−ストレプトアビジン(SIGMA−ALDRICH)に結合したビオチン化マウス抗IL15抗体(BAM247、R&D SYSTEM)と共に表した。標的細胞(1×105)を、4℃にて1時間、各ICKと共にインキュベートし、洗浄し、次いで4℃にて1時間、PEコンジュゲートと共にインキュベートした。洗浄した細胞を最後にFACSCALIBUR(BECTON DICKINSON)で分析した。
抗CD20および抗GD2−O−アセチル化RLI免疫サイトカインの構築
抗CD20および抗GD2−O−アセチル化免疫サイトカインを、IL15ホモサピエンス(Homo sapiens)配列をRLI2配列(配列番号17)に置き換えたことを除いて以前のように構築した。
免疫サイトカインの産生および精製は、1ラウンドのプロテインAセファロース精製の後にのみ、これらの免疫サイトカインを、良好な収率および良好な純度(すなわち90%超)で得たことを除いて以前のように実施した。
抗CD20および抗GD2O−アセチル化ICK RLIの特異的結合を、腫瘍細胞Raji、WM266.4およびIMR32においてフローサイトメトリーにより評価した。エフェクター細胞においてIL−15受容体に結合するICK RLIの能力をKit225で試験した。標的細胞でコーティングしたICK RLIは、PEコンジュゲートヤギ抗ヒトIgG mAb(PNIM0550 BECKMAN COULTER)、またはPE−ストレプトアビジン(SIGMA−ALDRICH)に結合したビオチン化マウス抗IL−15抗体(BAM247、R&D SYSTEM)を有する細胞を表した。標的細胞(1×105)を、4℃にて1時間、各ICKとインキュベートし、洗浄し、次いで4℃にて1時間、PEコンジュゲートとインキュベートした。洗浄した細胞を最後にFACSCALIBUR(BECTON DICKINSON)で分析した。
新たに得られた免疫サイトカインのインターロイキン−15増殖活性を試験した。
マウスNXS2神経芽腫細胞株を、標準的な組織培養条件(37℃、5%CO2)下でDMEM(10%FCS)中で増殖させた。GD2−O−Acを発現するNXS2 NB細胞株を発生させ、LODEら(J.Natl.Cancer Inst.、vol.89(21)、p:1586−94、1997)により特徴付けた。
ヒトRajiB細胞を、10%ウシ胎仔血清、2mMのl−グルタミンを補足したRPMII640培地中で培養した。
抗HER2Neu(完全IgGおよびScFv)RLIおよびIL15免疫サイトカインの構築
抗HER2マウス4D5IgG軽鎖、抗HER2マウスIgG4D5重鎖および抗HER2scFvをコードする配列は親切にも、Dr DONDA(Biochemistry Institute Lausanne、スイス)により提供された。抗HER2Neu IL15−およびRLI−免疫サイトカインは、抗HER2Neu抗体の抗HER2Neu軽鎖(配列番号18)および重鎖(配列番号19)に基づいて以前のように構築した。これらの構築物に関して、キメラIgG重鎖配列をコードする配列を有するフレーム内のベータ2ミクログロブリンのリーダー配列をコードする配列は、IL15(配列番号20および21のそれぞれ)およびRLI(配列番号22および23のそれぞれ)に対して22アミノ酸(配列番号16)のリンカーを有するまたは有さない3’末端において融合するように設計した。
プラスミドDNA調製およびトランスフェクション試薬
40kDaの線形PEIはPOLYSCIENCEから得た。1mg/mLのストック溶液を、加熱しながら水中にPEIを溶解し、NaOHにより中和し、0.22μmフィルタを通す濾過により滅菌することにより調製した。溶液ストックをアリコートし、−20℃に保存した。
1−一過的トランスフェクション:
親切にもDr.SCHNEIDER(Biochemistry Institute Lausanne、スイス)により提供されたHEK293T細胞を、37℃および5%CO2にてT175cm2フラスコ中のDMEM−Glutamax10%SVF中に播種した。トランスフェクションの日に、DNAプラスミドおよびPEIの複合体を滅菌NaCl150mM中に調製した。NaCl(1.25mg/Lの培養体積)中で希釈したプラスミドDNAを、NaCl(12.5mg/Lの培養体積)中で希釈したPEIと混合し、室温にて10分間インキュベートし、その後、細胞培養物に加えた。抗HER2IgG−RLIまたは−IL15免疫サイトカインについて、1:2の比のDNAプラスミド(重鎖:軽鎖)を使用した。次いで細胞を37℃にて4時間培養した。この時間の後、培地を除去し、SVFを含まない新たなDMENを加えた。トランスフェクションの5日後に上清を回収した。
回収した上清を、最初に1000rpmにて5分間、次に4℃にて15分間3000rpmで遠心分離し、製造業者により推奨されているように20mMのリン酸ナトリウムpH8〜9に調整し、0.22μmフィルタを通して濾過した。馴化培地を、製造業者の指示書に従ってプロテインAカラム(GE)を使用してアフィニティクロマトグラフィーにより精製した。精製したタンパク質を、IgG−ICKについて50kDaまたはscFv−ICKについて10kDaのAMICONユニット(MILLIPORE)で濃縮した。この工程の間、溶出緩衝液をPBSに置き換えた。タンパク質を最後にELISAによりアッセイし、吸光度を280nmで測定した。純度を電気泳動により評価した。
抗HER2IgG−ICKまたはscFv−ICKの特異的結合を、抗IL15抗体を使用してHER2陽性細胞SK−BR−3においてフローサイトメトリーにより評価した。エフェクター細胞においてIL−15受容体に結合するICKの能力をKit225で試験した。標的細胞でコーティングしたICKは、FITCコンジュゲートヤギ抗マウスIgG mAb(SIGMA−ANDRICH)またはFITCコンジュゲートマウス抗IL15抗体(R&D SYSTEM)と共に表した。標的細胞(1×105)を4℃にて1時間、各ICKとインキュベートし、洗浄し、次いで4℃にて1時間、FITCコンジュゲートとインキュベートした。洗浄した細胞を最後にFACSCALIBUR(BECTON DICKINSON)で分析した。
IL−15およびトラスツズマブまたは抗HER2 scFv断片の融合物のインターロイキン−15増殖活性を、以前に記載された方法に従って[3H]チミジン組み込みを測定することによってKit225および32Dβ細胞において試験した。
Claims (16)
- a)コンジュゲート、および
b)前記コンジュゲートに共有原子価により直接または間接的に結合された抗体またはその断片
を含む免疫サイトカインであって、
前記コンジュゲートは、
(i)インターロイキン15またはその誘導体のアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド、および
(ii)IL−15Rαまたはその誘導体のsushiドメインのアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド
を含む、免疫サイトカイン。 - a)前記コンジュゲートのポリペプチドi)およびii)は融合タンパク質中で共有結合され、
b)前記コンジュゲートおよび前記抗体またはその断片は融合タンパク質中で共有結合される、請求項1に記載の免疫サイトカイン。 - 前記コンジュゲートのアミノ酸配列および前記抗体またはその断片のアミノ酸配列はリンカーアミノ酸配列により分離されない、請求項2に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- 前記コンジュゲートのアミノ酸配列および前記抗体またはその断片のアミノ酸配列は第2のリンカーアミノ酸配列により分離される、請求項2に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- 前記インターロイキン15が配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- IL−15Rαのsushiドメインが配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- IL−15Rαまたはその誘導体のsushiドメインのアミノ酸配列を含むポリペプチド(ii)が配列番号12のアミノ酸配列を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- 前記コンジュゲートが、IL−15Rαまたはその誘導体のsushiドメインのアミノ酸配列に対するC末端位置においてインターロイキン15またはその誘導体のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項2〜7のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- インターロイキン15またはその誘導体のアミノ酸配列およびIL−15Rαまたは誘導体のsushiドメインのアミノ酸配列が、第1のリンカーアミノ酸配列により分離される、請求項2〜8のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- 前記抗体またはその断片が、腫瘍血管形成または腫瘍細胞外マトリクスおよび腫瘍抗原に関連する抗原を含む群において選択される抗原に対して誘導される、請求項2〜9のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- 前記コンジュゲートのアミノ酸配列が抗体またはその断片のアミノ酸配列に対してC末端位置にある、請求項2〜9のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載される免疫サイトカインをコードする核酸。
- 請求項12に記載される核酸を含むベクター。
- 請求項12に記載の核酸または請求項13に記載のベクターを用いて遺伝子操作された宿主細胞であって、好ましくは前記宿主細胞が動物細胞、最も好ましくはCHO細胞である、宿主細胞。
- 薬学的に許容可能な担体と最終的に結合する、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の免疫サイトカイン、請求項12に記載の核酸または請求項13に記載のベクターを含む医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物が、好ましくは被験体の体重1kg当たり2.5mg以下の用量にて注射により投与することによって、被験体における癌を治療するためである、請求項15に記載の医薬組成物。
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JP2021505131A (ja) * | 2017-12-08 | 2021-02-18 | フェイト セラピューティクス,インコーポレイテッド | 増強されたiPSC由来のエフェクター細胞を用いた免疫療法 |
JP2021521818A (ja) * | 2018-04-26 | 2021-08-30 | ベイラー カレッジ オブ メディスンBaylor College Of Medicine | 有効な免疫療法のための抗原−サイトカイン複合体に用いた免疫エフェクター細胞及び分子アダプター |
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