JP2014166079A - Heat conduction sheet, heat insulation sheet, temperature sensor device, and thermoelectric power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a heat conduction sheet which improves the performance compared to a conventional heat conduction sheet, and to obtain a heat insulation sheet, a temperature sensor device, and a thermoelectric power generation system.SOLUTION: A thermoelectric power generation system 100 includes: a heat conduction sheet 1; a heat insulation sheet 2; a thermoelectric element 3 which is formed on one surface 1b of the heat conduction sheet 1 and receives heat from the heat conduction sheet 1 to convert heat energy into electric energy by Seebeck effect; and a heat radiation sheet 4 formed on a surface 3a of the thermoelectric element 3 which is opposite to the side where the heat conduction sheet 1 is formed, the heat radiation sheet 4 which may radiate heat of the thermoelectric element 3 to outer air. The heat insulation sheet 2 is disposed between the heat conduction sheet 1 and the heat radiation sheet 4 so as to enclose the thermoelectric element 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat conductive sheet, a heat insulating sheet, a temperature sensor device, and a thermoelectric power generation system that can be used in various industrial fields such as various electric devices.

  Thermoelectric power generation systems include a system that generates power by the Seebeck effect using a temperature difference. This power generation method is not only for the temperature difference between the body temperature of the living body (eg, mammals such as humans, monkeys, mice, rats, rabbits, and other vertebrates) and the outside temperature, but also the body of an automobile, the body of an airplane, In environmental power generation (thermoelectric power generation) using the temperature difference between the temperature of the outside wall, heating equipment, other heating equipment, etc. of the building (for example, an apartment, a house, a building, and other buildings) and the outside temperature, etc. Preferably used.

  For the construction of the thermoelectric power generation system as described above, a heat conduction sheet for reliably transferring heat of a living body or a body of an automobile to the thermoelectric conversion element, and heat insulation for reliably suppressing the influence of outside air in the thermoelectric conversion element A sheet is required. Thermal conductive sheets and thermal insulation sheets are, for example, CPU cooling devices, switching power supplies, DC-DC converters, power transistors, optical pickups, various electric devices such as baseband ICs and LSIs inside portable terminals, effective use of heat It is suitably used in system heat sources, power amplifier heat dissipation devices, and environmental power generation (thermoelectric power generation) using the temperature difference between the body temperature and the outside air temperature.

  As described above, the heat conductive sheet and the heat insulating sheet can be used in various industrial fields. Therefore, the performance improvement of a heat conductive sheet and a heat insulation sheet is desired. More specifically, in the heat conductive sheet, there is a growing social need for a sheet that can simultaneously achieve high thermal conductivity and high volume resistivity. Moreover, in the heat insulating sheet, there is an increasing social need for a sheet capable of realizing a low thermal conductivity of 0.06 [W / m · K] or less.

  In such a social background, a method for obtaining a wiring board having a relatively high thermal conductivity of 2.0 [W / m · K] or higher has been disclosed (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-9-270482

  However, in the wiring board disclosed in Patent Document 1, even though a relatively high thermal conductivity of 2.0 [W / m · K] or more can be obtained, a high volume resistivity cannot be obtained, There has been a problem that high thermal conductivity and high volume resistivity cannot be realized at the same time.

  In addition, the wiring board disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that a low thermal conductivity of 0.06 [W / m · K] or less cannot be realized.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the heat conductive sheet, the heat insulation sheet, temperature sensor apparatus, and thermoelectric power generation system which can improve performance rather than before.

(1) The heat conductive sheet of the present invention includes a resin, a carbon material having a particle size of 20 μm to 40 μm, and a ceramic material having a particle size of 2 μm to 10 μm, and the carbon material and the ceramic material are Dispersed in the resin.

  The “resin” referred to in the present invention includes, for example, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer. , Vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. -Based polymers or copolymers, cellulose derivatives such as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, diacetyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate resin, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), copolymers of maleic acid and / or acrylic acid, acrylic Acid ester copolymer, acrylonitrile Tylene copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, acrylonitrile-chlorinated polyethylene-styrene copolymer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylic resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, urethane resin, polyester polyurethane Examples thereof include rubber resins such as resins, polyether polyurethane resins, polycarbonate polyurethane resins, polyester resins, polyether resins, polyamide resins, amino resins, styrene-butadiene resins, and butadiene-acrylonitrile resins.

As the “carbon material” in the present invention, for example, at least one material selected from diamond, carbon fiber, and graphite can be used. The reason why diamond can be used is that diamond has a higher thermal conductivity than graphite and is also known as an insulating material, and therefore can be expected to have characteristics superior to those of graphite. The reason why carbon fiber can be used is that carbon fiber is known to have a higher thermal conductivity than graphite, and also has a volume resistivity approximately equal to that of graphite on the order of 10 ⁻⁴ [Ω · cm]. Can be expected.

  As the “ceramic material” in the present invention, for example, at least one material can be used from alumina, silicon carbide, boron nitride, zinc oxide, and aluminum nitride. The reason why these materials can be used is that ceramic-based materials are basically insulating materials, so that materials with higher thermal conductivity than alumina can be used basically. The point which is more excellent in heat conductivity can be mentioned.

  According to the configuration of (1) above, a high volume resistivity is maintained by dispersing ceramic materials having a relatively high volume resistivity into fine particles having a particle size of 2 μm to 10 μm and dispersing in the resin. On the other hand, the carbon material having a relatively high thermal conductivity is made into fine particles having a particle diameter of 20 μm to 40 μm, and dispersed in the resin, thereby increasing the contact frequency between the fine particles made of the carbon material and increasing the heat in the resin. By improving the flow of, high thermal conductivity can be maintained. As a result, high thermal conductivity and high volume resistivity can be realized at the same time. Here, “high volume resistivity” means a volume resistivity of 20 [Mohm · m] or more. Here, “high thermal conductivity” refers to a thermal conductivity of 2.0 [W / m · K] or more.

(2) In the heat conductive sheet of (1), the resin is preferably a biocompatible resin.

  The “living body” in the present invention includes, for example, mammals such as humans, monkeys, mice, rats, rabbits, and other vertebrates. Examples of the “biocompatible resin” used in the present invention include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyurethane, polyurea, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, Acrylic acid, polyacrylic acid derivative, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylamide, polyamide, polyacrylamide derivative, polysulfone, polyetheretherketone, polycarbonate, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid derivative, cellulose, polybutylene naphthalate, polyethersulfone, Examples thereof include cellulose derivatives and polydimethylsiloxa. These materials may be used alone or in combination.

  The heat conductive sheet of the above (2) can be suitably used in thermoelectric power generation using the temperature difference between the body temperature of the living body and the outside air temperature.

(3) The heat insulating sheet of the present invention comprises a resin layer and hollow silica particles having a particle diameter of 35 μm to 65 μm, and the hollow silica particles are dispersed in the resin layer. is there.

  Examples of the “resin” in the resin layer in the present invention include, for example, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed vinyl chloride-acetic acid. Vinyl copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Vinyl polymers or copolymers such as polymers, cellulose derivatives such as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate propionate, diacetyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate resin, copolymers of polydimethylsiloxane, maleic acid and / or acrylic acid, Acrylic ester copolymer, acryloni Ryl-styrene copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, acrylonitrile-chlorinated polyethylene-styrene copolymer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer, acrylic resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, urethane resin, Mention may be made of rubber resins such as polyester polyurethane resins, polyether polyurethane resins, polycarbonate polyurethane resins, polyester resins, polyether resins, polyamide resins, amino resins, styrene-butadiene resins and butadiene-acrylonitrile resins.

  According to the configuration of (3) above, low thermal conductivity can be maintained by making hollow silica particles having relatively low thermal conductivity into fine particles of 35 μm to 65 μm and dispersing in the resin. Here, the “low thermal conductivity” refers to a thermal conductivity of 0.06 [W / m · K] or less.

(4) The temperature sensor device of the present invention includes the heat conductive sheet according to claim 1 or 2, the heat insulating sheet according to claim 3, and a temperature sensor that keeps thermal contact with the heat conductive sheet. And one surface of the heat conductive sheet is used for temperature measurement of the temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is formed on the other surface of the heat conductive sheet, or the heat conductive sheet It is embedded inside, The other surface of the said heat conductive sheet is coat | covered with the said heat insulation sheet, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  The term “embedded in the heat conductive sheet” as used in the present invention means, for example, a state in which the entire temperature sensor has entered the inside of the heat conductive sheet, only a part of the temperature sensor enters the inside of the heat conductive sheet, and a temperature The remaining part of the sensor enters the inside of the heat insulating sheet through the other surface of the heat conductive sheet, and only a part of the temperature sensor enters the inside of the heat conductive sheet, while the remaining part of the temperature sensor conducts heat. Including a state exposed from one side of the sheet.

  According to the configuration of (4) above, since the other surface on the opposite side to the one surface used for temperature measurement in the heat conductive sheet is covered with the heat insulating sheet, the heat conductive sheet is measured from the measurement target of the temperature sensor. It is prevented that the heat transmitted to one surface of the heat is released to the outside of the temperature sensor device. Moreover, this heat conductive sheet is comparatively easy to conduct heat as mentioned above. As a result, heat is quickly transferred from the measurement target to the heat conduction sheet, and the heat transferred from the measurement target is measured until the measurement temperature of the temperature sensor becomes the same temperature as the measurement target (steady state temperature). Can be stored inside. As a result, it is possible to shorten the time until the measurement temperature of the temperature sensor reaches the same temperature as the measurement target temperature (steady state temperature), and to improve the responsiveness of the temperature sensor.

(5) The thermoelectric power generation system of the present invention is formed on one surface of the heat conductive sheet according to claim 1 or 2, the heat insulating sheet according to claim 3, and the heat conductive sheet. A thermoelectric conversion element capable of converting heat energy into electrical energy by the Seebeck effect upon receiving heat from the thermoelectric conversion element, and formed on a surface opposite to the side on which the heat conductive sheet is formed in the thermoelectric conversion element, A heat-dissipating sheet capable of dissipating heat of the element to the outside air, and the heat insulating sheet is disposed between the heat conductive sheet and the heat dissipating sheet so as to surround the thermoelectric conversion element. Is.

  According to the configuration of (5) above, since the heat insulating sheet is disposed so as to surround the thermoelectric conversion element between the heat conductive sheet and the heat radiating sheet, it is possible to reliably suppress the influence of outside air in the thermoelectric conversion element. As a result, more heat can be transferred from the heat conductive sheet to the thermoelectric conversion element.

  The thermoelectric power generation system of (5) above transmits the body temperature of a living body (for example, mammals such as humans, monkeys, mice, rats, rabbits, and other vertebrates) to the thermoelectric conversion element via a heat conductive sheet. By transmitting the outside air temperature to the thermoelectric conversion element via the heat dissipation sheet, power generation by the Seebeck effect using the temperature difference between the body temperature and the outside air temperature can be easily realized.

  The thermoelectric power generation system of (5) above is not only a body temperature of a living body, but also an automobile body, an airplane body, an outer wall of a building (for example, an apartment, a house, a building, and other buildings), a heater, and the like. It is suitably used in thermoelectric power generation using a temperature difference between a high-temperature outer wall portion such as a heating device and the outside air temperature.

  Since the thermoelectric power generation system (5) generates power using a temperature difference, it can generate power for an infinite time.

  In the thermoelectric power generation system of (5) above, power generation efficiency can be increased by increasing the sheet area of the heat conductive sheet.

(A) is a top view of the thermoelectric power generation system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is arrow sectional drawing of the AA line shown to (a). (A) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the heat conductive sheet at the time of the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particle and alumina particle which are contained in PDMS being 80 [wt%]. (B) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particle and alumina particle contained in PDMS is 82 [wt%]. (A) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the heat conductive sheet at the time of the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particle and alumina particle which are contained in PDMS being 84 [wt%]. (B) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particle and alumina particle contained in PDMS is 82 [wt%]. (A) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles is 28.57 [wt%]. . (B) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles is 36.00 [wt%]. . (A) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particle contained in the mixture of a graphite particle and an alumina particle is 42.86 [wt%]. . (B) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the test body which concerns on the comparative example produced using the copper particle whose particle size [micrometer] is 80 [micrometer]. (A) is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the test body produced by adding a hollow particle to PDMS. (B) It is the graph which showed the performance measurement result of the test body produced by adding a hollow particle to PDMS. (A) is a top view of the temperature sensor device according to the present embodiment. (B) is arrow directional cross-sectional view of the BB line shown to (a). (C) is the graph which showed the response characteristic of the temperature sensor apparatus which concerns on a present Example. (A) is a top view of the temperature sensor device according to the modification of the present invention. (B) is the arrow sectional drawing of the CC line shown to (a).

  Hereinafter, a thermoelectric power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1A, the outline (virtual line) of the thermoelectric conversion element 3 is represented by a dotted line seen through the heat dissipation sheet 4.

(Overall configuration of thermoelectric power generation system 100)
As shown in FIG. 1, the thermoelectric power generation system 100 includes a heat conductive sheet 1, a heat insulating sheet 2, a thermoelectric conversion element 3, and a heat radiating sheet 4.

(Configuration of heat conduction sheet 1)
The heat conductive sheet 1 is made of a biocompatible resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyimide. The biocompatible resin includes a carbon material having a particle size [μm] of 20 [μm] to 40 [μm], and a ceramic material having a particle size [μm] of 2 [μm] to 10 [μm]. , Are dispersed. The carbon material can be at least one material selected from diamond, carbon fiber and graphite. The ceramic material can be at least one material selected from alumina, silicon carbide, boron nitride, zinc oxide, and aluminum nitride. The heat conductive sheet 1 is configured such that one surface 1a can adhere to a living body such as a human and the heat from the living body can be transferred to the thermoelectric conversion element 3.

(Configuration of thermal insulation sheet 2)
The heat insulating sheet 2 is composed of a resin layer in which a resin such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride resin, or vinyl acetate resin is formed into a sheet shape. In this resin layer, hollow silica particles having a particle size [μm] of 35 [μm] to 65 [μm] are dispersed. The true density [g / cm ³ ] of the hollow silica particles is preferably 0.03 [g / cm ³ ] to 0.13 [g / cm ³ ]. The heat insulating sheet 2 is disposed so as to surround the thermoelectric conversion element 3 between the heat conductive sheet 1 and the heat radiating sheet 4.

(Configuration of thermoelectric conversion element 3)
The thermoelectric conversion element 3 is an element that can convert thermal energy into electric energy using the Seebeck effect. Here, the Seebeck effect is a well-known phenomenon in which a voltage is generated when a dissimilar metal is joined and a temperature difference is established between two contacts. The thermoelectric conversion element 3 is formed on the other surface 1b of the heat conductive sheet 1 and is configured to receive heat from the heat conductive sheet 1 and convert heat energy into electric energy. Here, when a temperature difference occurs between the heat conductive sheet 1 and the heat dissipation sheet 4, a voltage is generated in the thermoelectric conversion element 3 based on the Seebeck effect.

(Configuration of heat dissipation sheet 4)
The heat dissipation sheet 4 is made of a resin layer in which a resin such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride resin, or vinyl acetate resin is formed into a sheet shape. In the resin layer, a carbon material having a particle size [μm] of 20 [μm] to 40 [μm] and a ceramic material having a particle size [μm] of 2 [μm] to 10 [μm] are included. Is distributed. The carbon material can be at least one material selected from diamond, carbon fiber and graphite. The ceramic material can be at least one material selected from alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride, zinc oxide, and aluminum nitride. The heat radiating sheet 4 is formed on the surface 3a opposite to the side on which the heat conductive sheet 1 is formed in the thermoelectric conversion element 3, and can radiate the heat of the thermoelectric conversion element 3 to the outside air. It is configured to be able to transmit to the conversion element 3.

  Next, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. The inventors conducted experiments on the performance measurement of the heat conductive sheet, the heat insulating sheet, and the thermoelectric power generation system. The experimental results are described below. In addition, this invention is not limited to a present Example.

(About heat conduction sheet)
In the heat conductive sheet of this example, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is known as a silicone rubber material having excellent biocompatibility, is used as a resin, and graphite particles manufactured by Ito Graphite Co., Ltd. are used as a carbon material. In addition, alumina particles made by Showa Denko Co., Ltd. were used as ceramic materials. As polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a mixture of PDMS having a relatively high viscosity and PDMS having a relatively low viscosity was used. For relatively high viscosity PDMS, Silpot 184 (trade name) manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. having a viscosity [Pa · s] of 55.5 [Pa · s] was used. For PDMS having a relatively low viscosity, Silpot 184 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd., and KE-1051J (trade name) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd. having a viscosity [Pa · s] of 0.8 [Pa · s]. Were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1.

(About the manufacturing process of the heat conduction sheet)
Next, the manufacturing process of the heat conductive sheet used for this experiment is demonstrated. Here, first, a predetermined amount of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), graphite particles, and alumina particles was added to the container. Next, the mixture was lightly stirred in a container using a spoon, and then kneaded and dispersed using a small three-roll mill device (BR-100V (trade name) manufactured by Imex Co., Ltd.). Next, the kneaded and dispersed paste was vacuum degassed. The vacuum pressure at this time was about 2 [kPa]. Then, the defoamed paste was poured into a mold for sheet production and heat-cured for 1 hour under a temperature condition of 80 [° C.] to obtain a heat conductive sheet.

(About performance measurement of heat conduction sheet)
Subsequently, under the following experimental conditions 1 to 4, the present inventors respectively produced test samples of heat conductive sheets according to Examples and Comparative Examples described in Tables 1 to 9 below. While measuring volume resistivity [Mohm * m] and thermal conductivity [W / m * K] about the test body, the flexibility test was implemented for the test subject. A digital multimeter was used to measure the volume resistivity [Mohm · m]. For measuring the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], a thermophysical device (TPS-500 (trade name) manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd.) that can be measured by a hot disk method was used.

(Experimental condition 1)
Experimental condition 1 is given as follows. The particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 30 [μm], and the particle size [μm] of the alumina particles is 2 [μm]. Tables 1 to 4 below show the performance measurement results of the test specimens manufactured under the experimental condition 1. The item “graphite / (graphite + alumina) × 100 wt%” in Tables 1 to 4 indicates the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles. The item “flexibility” in Tables 1 to 4 means that the subject does not feel uncomfortable when the heat conductive sheet is attached to the human body of the subject. The flexibility test here was carried out by a three-step evaluation of “◎: No discomfort”, “◯: No discomfort”, and “Δ: Normal”.

Table 1 and FIG. 2A show the results of measuring the performance of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles and alumina particles contained in PDMS is 80 [wt%]. Here, the characteristic of the heat conductive sheet which concerns on Example 1 is clarified by comparing with the test body which concerns on the comparative examples 1 and 2. FIG.

  That is, Example 1 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 28.57 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 2.09110 [W / m]. A value of K] was obtained, and a result exceeding 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a standard for high thermal conductivity, was obtained. Furthermore, in Example 1, a value exceeding 50 [Mohm · m] was obtained in volume resistivity [Mohm · m], and the result was much higher than 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity. It became.

  In contrast, Comparative Example 1 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 14.29 [wt%], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] is 50 [Mohm · m]. Although a value exceeding 1.4 is obtained, a value of 1.41527 [W / m · K] is obtained in terms of thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is an indication of high thermal conductivity of 2.0. The result was lower than [W / m · K].

  Comparative Example 2 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 42.86 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 3.20300 [W / m]. Although the value of K] is obtained, the value of 8 [Mohm · m] is obtained for the volume resistivity [Mohm · m], and the value of 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity, is obtained. The result was lower.

  Furthermore, looking at the results of the flexibility test, in all of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the highest evaluation of “◎: No sense of incongruity” was obtained. I found that I didn't feel any sense of incongruity.

  Table 2 and FIG. 2B show the performance measurement results of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles and alumina particles contained in PDMS is 82 [wt%]. Here, the characteristic of the heat conductive sheet which concerns on Examples 2-4 is clarified by comparing with the test body which concerns on the comparative examples 3 and 4. FIG.

  That is, in Examples 2 to 4, the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 28.57 [wt%], 32.00 [wt%], and 36.00 [wt%], respectively. There are thermal conductivity [W / m · K] of 2.32472 [W / m · K], 2.52130 [W / m · K] and 2.91033 [W / m · K], respectively. The value was obtained and the result exceeded 2.0 [W / m * K] which is a standard of high heat conductivity. Further, in Examples 2 to 4, the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] was more than 50 [Mohm · m], and the value of 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity, was far greater. The result was higher.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 3 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 14.29 [wt%], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] is 50 [Mohm · m]. Although a value exceeding 1.4 is obtained, a value of 1.43526 [W / m · K] is obtained as the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is a standard for high thermal conductivity of 2.0. The result was lower than [W / m · K].

  Comparative Example 4 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 42.86 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 4.20142 [W / m]. Although the value of K] is obtained, the value of 2 [Mohm · m] is obtained for the volume resistivity [Mohm · m], and 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity, is obtained. The result was lower.

  Further, when the results of the flexibility test are seen, in Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Example 3, the highest evaluation of “◎: No sense of incongruity” has been obtained, and the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet has no sense of incongruity. I understood that I did not remember. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 4, an evaluation “O: No sense of incongruity” was obtained, and it was found that the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet did not feel discomfort.

Table 3 and FIG. 3A show the results of measuring the performance of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles and alumina particles contained in PDMS is 84 [wt%]. Here, the characteristic of the heat conductive sheet which concerns on Example 5 is clarified by comparing with the test body which concerns on the comparative example 5. FIG.

  That is, Example 5 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 28.57 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 2.21233 [W / m]. A value of K] was obtained, which exceeded 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a standard for high thermal conductivity. Furthermore, in Example 5, a value exceeding 50 [Mohm · m] was obtained in volume resistivity [Mohm · m], and the result was much higher than 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity. It became.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 5 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 14.29 [wt%], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] is 50 [Mohm · m]. However, the value of 1.50323 [W / m · K] is obtained as the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is an indication of a high thermal conductivity of 2.0. The result was lower than [W / m · K].

  Furthermore, looking at the result of the flexibility test, it was found that the highest evaluation of “◎: No discomfort” was obtained in Comparative Example 5, and the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet did not feel any discomfort. It was. On the other hand, in Example 5, the evaluation of “◯: No sense of incongruity” was obtained, and it was found that the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet did not feel discomfort.

Table 4 shows the performance measurement results of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles and alumina particles contained in PDMS is 86 [wt%].

  Comparative Example 6 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 14.29 [wt%], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] exceeds 50 [Mohm · m]. However, the value of 1.54058 [W / m · K] was obtained as the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is 2.0 [W / m · K, which is a standard for high thermal conductivity. K].

  Furthermore, when the result of the flexibility test was seen, an evaluation “Δ: normal” was obtained, and it was found that at least the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet did not feel uncomfortable.

(Experimental condition 2)
Experimental condition 2 is given as follows. The particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 30 [μm], and the particle size [μm] of the alumina particles is 10 [μm]. Table 5 below shows the performance measurement results of the specimens manufactured under the experimental condition 2. The item “graphite / (graphite + alumina) × 100 wt%” in Table 5 is the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles as in Tables 1 to 4 above. Show. Here, in the same manner as in the experimental condition 1, a flexibility test was performed with a three-step evaluation of “◎: no discomfort”, “◯: no discomfort”, and “Δ: normal”.

Table 5 and FIG. 3B show the performance measurement results of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles and alumina particles contained in PDMS is 82 [wt%]. Here, the characteristic of the heat conductive sheet which concerns on Examples 6-8 is clarified by comparing with the test body which concerns on the comparative examples 7 and 8. FIG.

  That is, Examples 6 to 8 are cases where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles was 28.57 [wt%], 32.00 [wt%], and 36.00 [wt%], respectively. There are thermal conductivity [W / m · K] of 2.36737 [W / m · K], 2.6912 [W / m · K], 3.01921 [W / m · K], respectively. The value was obtained, and the result was higher than 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a standard for high thermal conductivity. Furthermore, in Examples 6 to 8, a volume resistivity [Mohm · m] of more than 50 [Mohm · m] was obtained, far exceeding 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity. The result was higher.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 7 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 14.29 [wt%], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] is 50 [Mohm · m]. However, the value of 1.45539 [W / m · K] is obtained as the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is 2.0, which is a standard for high thermal conductivity. The result was lower than [W / m · K].

  Comparative Example 8 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles is 42.86 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 3.92610 [W / m]. Although the value of K] is obtained, the value of 10 [Mohm · m] is obtained for the volume resistivity [Mohm · m], and the value of 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity, is obtained. The result was lower.

  Furthermore, when the result of the flexibility test is seen, in Example 6 and Comparative Example 7, the highest evaluation of “◎: No sense of incongruity” has been obtained, and the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet has a sense of incongruity. I found out. Moreover, in Example 7, evaluation that "(circle): There is no uncomfortable feeling" was obtained, and it turned out that the test subject who mounted | worn the heat conductive sheet does not remember discomfort. Furthermore, in Example 8 and Comparative Example 8, the evaluation “Δ: normal” was obtained, and it was found that the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet did not at least feel uncomfortable.

(Experimental condition 3)
Experimental condition 3 is given as follows. The particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 8 [μm] to 40 [μm], and the particle size [μm] of the alumina particles is 2 [μm]. Tables 6 to 8 below show the performance measurement results of the specimens manufactured under the experimental condition 3. Here, as with the experimental conditions 1 and 2, the flexibility test was performed with a three-step evaluation of “◎: no discomfort”, “◯: no discomfort”, and “Δ: normal”.

Table 6 and FIG. 4A show the performance measurement results of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles is 28.57 [wt%]. Show. Here, the characteristic of the heat conductive sheet which concerns on Examples 9-11 is clarified by comparing with the test body which concerns on the comparative example 9. FIG.

  That is, Examples 9 to 11 are cases where the particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 20 [μm], 30 [μm], and 40 [μm], respectively, but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], values of 2.09211 [W / m · K], 2.32472 [W / m · K], and 2.35198 [W / m · K] are obtained, respectively, and high thermal conductivity A value exceeding 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a standard for the above, was obtained. Further, in Examples 9 to 11, a volume resistivity [Mohm · m] of more than 50 [Mohm · m] was obtained, and a high volume resistivity of 20 [Mohm · m] was far greater. A better result was obtained.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 9 is a case where the particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 8 [μm], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] exceeds 50 [Mohm · m]. However, a value of 1.49729 [W / m · K] is obtained in terms of thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is 2.0 [W / m · K, which is a measure of high thermal conductivity. K].

  Furthermore, looking at the results of the flexibility test, in all of Examples 9 to 11 and Comparative Example 9, the highest evaluation of “◎: No discomfort” was obtained, and the subjects wearing the heat conductive sheet were I found that I didn't feel any sense of incongruity.

Table 7 and FIG. 4B show the results of measuring the performance of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles is 36.00 [wt%]. Show. Here, the characteristic of the heat conductive sheet which concerns on Examples 12-14 is clarified by comparing with the test body which concerns on the comparative example 10. FIG.

  That is, Examples 12 to 14 are cases where the particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 20 [μm], 30 [μm], and 40 [μm], respectively, but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] has values of 2.49211 [W / m · K], 2.91033 [W / m · K], 2.90392 [W / m · K], respectively, and high thermal conductivity. The result was higher than 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a guideline for. Further, in Examples 12 to 14, a volume resistivity [Mohm · m] of more than 50 [Mohm · m] was obtained, and a high volume resistivity of 20 [Mohm · m] was far exceeded. A better result was obtained.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 10 is a case where the particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 8 [μm], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] exceeds 50 [Mohm · m]. However, the value of 1.65729 [W / m · K] is obtained as the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is 2.0 [W / m · K, which is a standard for high thermal conductivity. K].

  Further, when the results of the flexibility test are seen, in Examples 12 and 13 and Comparative Example 10, the highest evaluation “◎: no discomfort” is obtained, and the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet feels discomfort at all. I understood that I did not remember. On the other hand, in Example 14, the evaluation “O: No sense of incongruity” was obtained, and it was found that the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet did not feel discomfort.

Table 8 and FIG. 5 (a) show the performance measurement results of the heat conductive sheet when the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles is 42.86 [wt%]. Show. Here, the characteristic of the heat conductive sheet which concerns on Example 15 is clarified by comparing with the test body which concerns on the comparative examples 11 and 12. FIG.

  That is, Example 15 is a case where the particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 20 [μm], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 2.59211 [W / m · K]. As a result, a result exceeding 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a standard for high thermal conductivity, was obtained. Further, in Example 15, a value exceeding 50 [Mohm · m] was obtained in volume resistivity [Mohm · m], and the result was far higher than 20 [Mohm · m], which is a measure of high volume resistivity. was gotten.

  On the other hand, Comparative Example 11 is a case where the particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 8 [μm], but the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] exceeds 50 [Mohm · m]. However, a value of 1.89729 [W / m · K] is obtained in terms of thermal conductivity [W / m · K], which is 2.0 [W / m · K, which is a measure of high thermal conductivity. K].

  In Comparative Example 12, the particle size [μm] of the graphite particles is 30 [μm], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 3.83700 [W / m · K]. Although the value of 2 [Mohm · m] was obtained for the volume resistivity [Mohm · m], the result was lower than 20 [Mohm · m], which is a standard for high volume resistivity. .

  Furthermore, when the result of the flexibility test is seen, in Example 15 and Comparative Example 11, the highest evaluation of “◎: No sense of incongruity” is obtained, and the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet feels a sense of incongruity. I found out. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 12, the evaluation “O: No sense of incongruity” was obtained, and it was found that the subject wearing the heat conductive sheet did not feel the sense of incongruity.

(Experimental condition 4)
Experimental condition 4 is given as follows. The particle size [μm] of the copper particles is 80 [μm]. Table 9 and FIG. 5 (b) show the performance measurement results of the specimens manufactured under the experimental condition 4. The item “copper particles / (PDMS + copper particles) × 100 wt%” in Table 9 indicates the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the copper particles contained in the mixture of PDMS and copper particles.

Comparative Example 13 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the copper particles is 0 [wt%], and the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] exceeds 50 [Mohm · m]. Although it has a thermal conductivity [W / m · K] of 0.1892 [W / m · K], it is 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a measure of high thermal conductivity. The result was below.

  Comparative Example 14 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the copper particles is 50 [wt%], and the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] exceeds 50 [Mohm · m]. Although it has a thermal conductivity [W / m · K] of 1.6335 [W / m · K], it is 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a measure of high thermal conductivity. The result was below.

  Comparative Example 15 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the copper particles is 63 [wt%], and the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] is 31 [Mohm · m]. However, a value of 1.93 [W / m · K] was obtained for the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], and 2.0 [W / m · K], which is a measure of high thermal conductivity, was obtained. The result was lower.

  Comparative Example 16 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the copper particles is 75 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 2.53 [W / m · K]. Although the value is obtained, the volume resistivity [Mohm · m] is 0.21 [Mohm · m], which is lower than 20 [Mohm · m], which is a standard for high volume resistivity. It became.

(About insulation sheet)
In the heat insulating sheet of this example, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is known as a silicone rubber material having excellent biocompatibility, was used as the resin, and hollow soda-lime borosilicate glass particles were used as the hollow silica particles. . As polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a mixture of PDMS having a relatively high viscosity and PDMS having a relatively low viscosity was used. For relatively high viscosity PDMS, Silpot 184 (trade name) manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. having a viscosity [Pa · s] of 55.5 [Pa · s] was used. For PDMS having a relatively low viscosity, Silpot 184 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd., and KE-1051J (trade name) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd. having a viscosity [Pa · s] of 0.8 [Pa · s]. Were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1.

(About the manufacturing process of heat insulation sheet)
Next, the manufacturing process of the heat conductive sheet used for this experiment is demonstrated. Here, first, a predetermined amount of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and hollow soda-lime borosilicate glass particles were added to the container. Next, the mixture was lightly stirred in a container using a spoon, and then kneaded and dispersed using a small three-roll mill device (BR-100V (trade name) manufactured by Imex Co., Ltd.). Next, the kneaded and dispersed paste was vacuum degassed. The vacuum pressure at this time was about 2 [kPa]. Then, the defoamed paste was poured into a mold for sheet production and heat-cured for 1 hour under a temperature condition of 80 [° C.] to obtain a heat insulating sheet.

(About performance measurement of thermal insulation sheet)
Subsequently, under the following experimental conditions 5 and 6, the inventors prepared heat insulation sheet specimens according to Examples and Comparative Examples described in Tables 10 and 11 below, and each specimen. In addition to measuring the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], a flexibility test was conducted on subjects. For measuring the thermal conductivity [W / m · K], a thermophysical device (TPS-500 (trade name) manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd.) that can be measured by a hot disk method was used.

(Experimental condition 5)
Experimental condition 5 is given as follows. The hollow soda-lime borosilicate glass particles have a particle size [μm] of 65 [μm] and a true density [g / cm ³ ] of 0.13 [g / cm ³ ]. Table 10 and FIG. 6 (a) show the performance measurement results of the test specimens produced under the experimental condition 5. The item “hollow particles / (PDMS + hollow particles) × 100 wt%” in Table 10 represents the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the hollow particles contained in the mixture of PDMS and hollow particles. Here, similarly to the experimental conditions 1 to 3, the flexibility test was performed by three-level evaluations of “：: no discomfort”, “◯: no discomfort”, and “Δ: normal”.

Here, the characteristics of the heat insulating sheet according to Example 16 are clarified by comparison with the test bodies according to Comparative Examples 17 to 19.

  That is, Example 16 is a case where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the hollow particles is 3 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 0.055 [W / m · K]. A value lower than 0.06 [W / m · K], which is a standard for low thermal conductivity, was obtained.

  On the other hand, Comparative Examples 17 to 19 are cases where the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the hollow particles is 0 [wt%], 1 [wt%], and 2 [wt%], respectively. With thermal conductivity [W / m · K], values of 0.1892 [W / m · K], 0.147 [W / m · K], and 0.098 [W / m · K] are obtained, respectively. As a result, a value exceeding 0.06 [W / m · K], which is a measure of low thermal conductivity, was obtained.

  Furthermore, looking at the results of the flexibility test, in all of Example 16 and Comparative Examples 17 to 19, the highest evaluation of “◎: No sense of incongruity” was obtained. I found out that I did not feel a sense of incongruity.

(Experimental condition 6)
Experimental condition 6 is given as follows. The hollow soda-lime borosilicate glass particles have a particle size [μm] of 35 [μm] and a true density [g / cm ³ ] of 0.03 [g / cm ³ ]. Table 11 and FIG. 6B show the performance measurement results of the test specimens produced under the experimental condition 6. The item “hollow particles / (PDMS + hollow particles) × 100 wt%” in Table 11 indicates the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the hollow particles contained in the mixture of PDMS and hollow particles, as in Table 10. . Here, as in the case of the experimental condition 5, the flexibility test was performed by three-level evaluation of “◎: no discomfort”, “◯: no discomfort”, and “Δ: normal”.

Here, the characteristics of the heat insulating sheet according to Example 17 are clarified by comparison with the test bodies according to Comparative Examples 20 to 23.

  That is, in Example 17, the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the hollow particles is 6 [wt%], but the thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 0.058 [W / m · K]. A value lower than 0.06 [W / m · K], which is a standard for low thermal conductivity, was obtained.

  On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 20 to 23, the weight percent concentration [wt%] of the hollow particles is 0 [wt%], 1 [wt%], 2 [wt%], and 4 [wt%], respectively. The thermal conductivity [W / m · K] is 0.189 [W / m · K], 0.167 [W / m · K], 0.146 [W / m · K, respectively]. K] and 0.102 [W / m · K] were obtained, and values exceeding 0.06 [W / m · K], which is a standard for low thermal conductivity, were obtained.

(Construction of temperature sensor device)
The present inventors produced a temperature sensor device 20 having a structure as shown in FIG. 7A by using the heat conductive sheet and the heat insulating sheet mentioned above. FIG. 7A is a top view of the temperature sensor device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB shown in FIG. In FIG. 7A, the outline (imaginary line) of the temperature sensor 25 and the control unit 26 is represented by a broken line seen through the heat insulating sheet 22. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the temperature sensor device 20 includes a heat conductive sheet 21, a heat insulating sheet 22, a temperature sensor 25 that maintains thermal contact with the heat conductive sheet 21, and the temperature sensor. And a control unit 26 capable of controlling 25. As shown in FIG. 7A, the control unit 26 is connected to the temperature sensor 25 via a pair of electric wires W1 embedded in the temperature sensor device 20. The control unit 26 includes a battery that functions as a power supply unit for the temperature sensor 25 and a transmission unit that can wirelessly transmit the measurement result of the temperature sensor 25 to an external unit. In the temperature sensor device 20, one surface 21 a of the heat conductive sheet 21 is attached to the skin of a human subject who is a subject and used for temperature measurement of the temperature sensor 25. As shown in FIG. 7B, the temperature sensor 25 enters the inside of the heat conductive sheet 21 except for one surface 25 a, and the surface 25 a of the temperature sensor 25 is the same as the surface 21 a of the heat conductive sheet 21. It is one. Moreover, the control part 26 is formed in the other surface 21b of the heat conductive sheet 21, as shown in FIG.7 (b). The other surface 21 b of the heat conductive sheet 21 and the control unit 26 are covered with a heat insulating sheet 22.

(About the response characteristics of the temperature sensor device)
FIG. 7C is a graph showing the response characteristics of the temperature sensor device according to this example. Here, the surface 21a of the heat conductive sheet 21 was affixed to the surface of the human skin as the subject, and the response characteristics of the temperature sensor device 20 were observed. At this time, the body surface temperature [° C.] was 36 [° C.], and the room temperature [° C.] used for temperature measurement was 20 [° C.]. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7C, the measurement temperature [° C.] reaches a steady state at about 100 [seconds], and shows about 36 [° C.] which is the same temperature as the body surface temperature of the human subject. It was.

(Construction of thermoelectric power generation system)
The present inventors produced a thermoelectric power generation system having a structure as shown in FIG. 1 using the sheets listed so far. A commercially available small Seebeck element (MPG-D751 (trade name) manufactured by Micropelt Co., Ltd.) was used as the Seebeck element having the characteristic of converting thermal energy into electrical energy. The heat-dissipating sheet uses polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is known as a silicone rubber material with excellent biocompatibility as a resin, and graphite particles manufactured by Ito Graphite Co., Ltd. as a carbon material. As materials, alumina particles manufactured by Showa Denko Co., Ltd. were used. As polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a mixture of PDMS having a relatively high viscosity and PDMS having a relatively low viscosity was used. For relatively high viscosity PDMS, Silpot 184 (trade name) manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. having a viscosity [Pa · s] of 55.5 [Pa · s] was used. For PDMS having a relatively low viscosity, Silpot 184 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd., and KE-1051J (trade name) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd. having a viscosity [Pa · s] of 0.8 [Pa · s]. Were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1.

(About the manufacturing process of heat dissipation sheet)
Next, the manufacturing process of the heat radiating sheet used in the thermoelectric power generation system will be described. Here, first, a predetermined amount of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), graphite particles, and alumina particles was added to the container. Here, the weight percent concentration [wt%] of graphite particles and alumina particles contained in PDMS is 82 [wt%], and the weight percent concentration [wt%] of graphite particles contained in the mixture of graphite particles and alumina particles is 42. .86 [wt%]. Next, the mixture was lightly stirred in a container using a spoon, and then kneaded and dispersed using a small three-roll mill device (BR-100V (trade name) manufactured by Imex Co., Ltd.). Next, the kneaded and dispersed paste was vacuum degassed. The vacuum pressure at this time was about 2 [kPa]. Then, the defoamed paste was poured into a mold for sheet production and heat-cured for 1 hour under a temperature condition of 80 [° C.] to obtain a heat dissipation sheet.

(About output power characteristics of thermoelectric power generation system)
Here, a heat conduction sheet was attached to the skin surface near the human carotid artery of the subject, and the output power characteristics of the thermoelectric power generation system were observed. At this time, the temperature [° C.] of the skin surface was 35 [° C.]. As a result, the output power of the thermoelectric power generation system was 1.39 [μW] under the temperature condition of the outside air temperature [° C.] of 25 [° C.]. Moreover, the output power of the thermoelectric power generation system was 2.09 [μW] under the temperature condition where the outside air temperature [° C.] was 20 [° C.].

Table 12 below shows the film thickness [mm] and area [mm ² ] of each sheet and Seebeck element used for the production of the thermoelectric power generation system.
Here, a heat conduction sheet was attached to the skin surface near the human carotid artery of the subject, and the output power characteristics of the thermoelectric power generation system were observed.

  According to the heat conductive sheet 1 having the above-described configuration, 20 [Mohm · m] is obtained by dispersing a ceramic material having a relatively high volume resistivity into fine particles having a particle diameter of 2 μm to 10 μm and dispersing the resin. While maintaining the above volume resistivity, a carbon material having a relatively high thermal conductivity is made into fine particles having a particle diameter of 20 μm to 40 μm, and dispersed in the resin, so that the fine particles made of the carbon material are brought into contact with each other. By increasing the frequency and improving the flow of heat in the resin, a thermal conductivity of 2.0 [W / m · K] or more can be maintained. As a result, a volume resistivity of 20 [Mohm · m] or more and a thermal conductivity of 2.0 [W / m · K] or more can be realized simultaneously.

  Further, according to the heat insulating sheet 2 having the above-described configuration, the hollow silica particles having relatively low thermal conductivity are converted into fine particles of 35 μm to 65 μm, and dispersed in the resin, whereby 0.06 [W / m · K] The following thermal conductivity can be realized.

  Further, according to the temperature sensor device 20 having the above-described configuration, the other surface 21b on the opposite side to the one surface 21a used for temperature measurement in the heat conducting sheet 21 is covered with the heat insulating sheet 22, so that the temperature sensor It is possible to prevent the heat transferred from the human being 25 to the one surface 21 a of the heat conducting sheet 21 from being released to the outside of the temperature sensor device 20. Further, as described above, the heat conductive sheet 21 is relatively easy to conduct heat. As a result, heat is quickly transferred from the measurement target to the heat conductive sheet 21, and the heat transferred from the human to the heat conductive sheet 21 is accumulated in the temperature sensor device 20 until the temperature is substantially the same as the human body surface temperature. be able to. As a result, the time until the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 25 becomes substantially the same as the human body surface temperature can be shortened, and the responsiveness of the temperature sensor 25 can be improved.

  Moreover, according to the thermoelectric power generation system 100 having the above-described configuration, the heat insulating sheet 2 is disposed so as to surround the thermoelectric conversion element 3 between the heat conductive sheet 1 and the heat radiating sheet 4. The influence can be reliably suppressed. As a result, more heat can be transferred from the heat conductive sheet 1 to the thermoelectric conversion element 3.

  Further, according to the thermoelectric power generation system 100 having the above-described configuration, the body temperature of the living body is transmitted to the thermoelectric conversion element 3 through the heat conductive sheet 1, and the outside air temperature is transmitted to the thermoelectric conversion element 3 through the heat dissipation sheet 4. Power generation by the Seebeck effect using the temperature difference between body temperature and outside air temperature can be easily realized.

  Moreover, since the thermoelectric power generation system 100 having the above configuration generates power using a temperature difference, it can generate power for an infinite time.

  Moreover, in the thermoelectric power generation system 100 having the above configuration, the power generation efficiency can be increased by increasing the sheet area of the heat conductive sheet.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described based on drawing, it should be thought that a specific structure is not limited to these embodiment. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent.

  In the temperature sensor device of the above embodiment, the example in which the body surface temperature is measured by attaching the surface 21a of the heat conductive sheet 21 to the surface of the human skin as the subject has been described, but the temperature sensor device according to the present invention. In addition to human body temperature, for example, in addition to body temperature of mammals such as monkeys, mice, rats, rabbits, etc., in addition to body temperature of automobiles, airplane bodies, buildings (for example, It is also suitably used for measuring the temperature of high-temperature outer walls such as the outer walls of condominiums, single houses, buildings, and other buildings), heating appliances, and other heating devices.

  In the temperature sensor device of the above embodiment, the temperature sensor 25 has a structure in which the temperature sensor 25 enters the inside of the heat conductive sheet 21 except for the one surface 25a, but the present invention is not limited to this. . For example, the entire temperature sensor 25 may enter the heat conductive sheet 21. For example, the one surface 25a of the temperature sensor 25 does not necessarily need to be flush with the one surface 21a of the heat conductive sheet 21, and may have a step with the one surface 21a of the heat conductive sheet 21. Further, for example, the present invention having a high thermal conductivity [W / m · K] of 2.0 [W / m · K] or more as in the temperature sensor device 30 shown in FIGS. The temperature sensor 35 may be formed on the other surface 31 b of the heat conductive sheet 31 so as to enter the inside of the heat insulating sheet 32 using the characteristics of the heat conductive sheet 31. 8 indicates a control unit, and reference symbol W2 indicates a pair of electric wirings embedded in the temperature sensor device 30 and connecting the temperature sensor 35 and the control unit 36.

  In the temperature sensor device of the above embodiment, the example in which the outer shape of the temperature sensor 25 and the control unit 26 is formed in a rectangular shape has been described (see FIG. 7A). It can be formed in various shapes such as an elliptical shape.

  In the thermoelectric power generation system of the above embodiment, the body temperature of the living body is transmitted to the thermoelectric conversion element 3 through the heat conductive sheet 1, and the outside temperature is transmitted to the thermoelectric conversion element 3 through the heat dissipation sheet 4. An example of generating electricity by the Seebeck effect using the temperature difference of the outside air temperature was described. The application of the thermoelectric power generation system according to the present invention is not limited to this, but besides the body temperature of a living body, the body of an automobile, the body of an airplane, and a building (for example, an apartment, a house, a building, and other buildings) It is suitably used in thermoelectric power generation utilizing the temperature difference between the high temperature outer wall portion and the outside air temperature of the outer wall, heating appliance, and other heating devices.

  In the thermoelectric power generation system of the above-described embodiment, an example in which the outer shape of the thermoelectric conversion element 3 is formed in a substantially circular shape has been described (see FIG. 1A). It can be formed in various shapes.

1, 21, 31 Thermal conductive sheet 1a, 1b, 3a, 21a, 21b, 25a, 31b Surface 2, 22, 32 Thermal insulation sheet 3 Thermoelectric conversion element 4 Heat radiation sheet 20, 30 Temperature sensor device 25, 35 Temperature sensor 26, 36 Control unit 100 Thermoelectric power generation system W1, W2 Electrical wiring

Claims (5)

Resin,
A carbon material having a particle size of 20 μm to 40 μm;
A ceramic material having a particle size of 2 μm to 10 μm;
With
The heat conductive sheet, wherein the carbon material and the ceramic material are dispersed in the resin.   The heat conductive sheet according to claim 1, wherein the resin is a biocompatible resin. A resin layer;
Hollow silica particles having a particle size of 35 μm to 65 μm;
With
The heat insulating sheet, wherein the hollow silica particles are dispersed in the resin layer. The heat conductive sheet according to claim 1 or 2,
A heat insulating sheet according to claim 3;
A temperature sensor maintaining thermal contact with the thermal conductive sheet;
With
One surface of the heat conductive sheet is
Used to measure the temperature of the temperature sensor,
The temperature sensor is
Formed on the other surface of the heat conductive sheet, or embedded in the heat conductive sheet,
The other surface of the heat conductive sheet is
A temperature sensor device which is covered with the heat insulating sheet. The heat conductive sheet according to claim 1 or 2,
A heat insulating sheet according to claim 3;
A thermoelectric conversion element that is formed on one surface of the heat conductive sheet, receives heat from the heat conductive sheet, and can convert heat energy into electric energy by the Seebeck effect;
In the thermoelectric conversion element, formed on the surface opposite to the side where the heat conductive sheet is formed, a heat dissipation sheet capable of radiating the heat of the thermoelectric conversion element to the outside air,
With
The heat insulating sheet,
The thermoelectric power generation system is arranged so as to surround the thermoelectric conversion element between the heat conductive sheet and the heat dissipation sheet.