JP2014005110A - Screw conveyor and dry carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a screw conveyor capable of efficiently breaking transported objects into fragments.SOLUTION: A screw conveyor is composed of: a transportation pipe; a screw 2 disposed in the transportation pipe; and driving means which rotates the screw 2. The screw 2 comprises: a screw shaft 5 serving as a rotation shaft; a screw blade 3 disposed along the screw shaft 5 in a spiral manner; and paddles 4 attached along the screw shaft 5 at a predetermined interval. A height of each paddle 4 is set so as to be equal to or lower than a height of the screw blade 3, and a side surface of the paddle 4 is obliquely disposed relative to the screw shaft 5 so as to form an acute angle therebetween.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a screw conveyor and a drying carbonization apparatus for crushing and drying processed products such as garbage and biomass.

  Sewage sludge, livestock excrement, food waste, and other food waste has a water content of several tens of percent. When these food waste is finally used for incineration, landfill, composting materials, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce (dry) the moisture content prior to that. In recent years, in order to effectively use biomass (biological resources) such as wood chips, efforts have been made to dry carbonize using a dry carbonizer.

  Patent Document 1 describes a dry carbonization apparatus having a configuration in which a combustible transported material is transported while being stirred by a screw conveyor incorporated in each of a plurality of transport pipes and is continuously dried by heating. In the dry carbonization apparatus, it is important to increase the surface area of the conveyed product while crushing the conveyed product and efficiently dry it, and various screws have been studied.

In Patent Document 2, a spiral blade having a hollow portion at the center and rotatable about an axis passing through the hollow portion, and a claw provided on the blade and scraping up a transported object in a transport pipe, From the above, it is described that a screw is constituted.
In Patent Document 3, the blades of the screw conveyor are notched at regular intervals, a number of notch portions are provided, and the blades are divided evenly to form a non-continuous screw. It is described that a paddle portion parallel to the screw shaft is provided at the end portion.

Japanese Patent No. 3595201 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-116734 JP-A-8-283734

  However, the conventional screw (Patent Document 1) may be in a dumpling shape depending on the conveyed product. In addition, the screw having a hollow shaft structure (Patent Document 2) and the screw having a notched blade (Patent Document 3) are insufficient in strength due to the structure, and crush heavy and hard transported objects. It is not suitable for transporting.

  Then, the objective of this invention is related with the screw conveyed while grind | pulverizing a conveyed product, and is providing the screw conveyor and drying carbonization apparatus which can disperse a conveyed product efficiently.

  The screw conveyor of the present invention is composed of a conveying pipe, a screw arranged in the conveying pipe, and a driving means for rotating the screw, and is a screw conveyor for drying and carbonizing by conveying the conveyed product while stirring. The screw includes a screw shaft serving as a rotation shaft, screw blades arranged spirally along the screw shaft, and paddles attached at predetermined intervals along the screw shaft. The height is set to be the same as or lower than the height of the screw blade, and the side surface of the paddle is arranged obliquely at an acute angle with respect to the screw shaft.

  In the present invention, the screw includes a screw shaft serving as a rotation shaft, screw blades arranged spirally along the screw shaft, and paddles attached at predetermined intervals along the screw shaft. . According to the present invention, since the height of the paddle is set to be equal to or lower than the height of the screw blade, the sliding resistance in the pipe of the screw is suppressed and the side surface of the paddle is relative to the screw shaft. By being arranged obliquely at an acute angle, the conveyed product can be effectively separated while being conveyed.

  In order to agitate the transported material without scattering the transported material, the transport tube is preferably a cylindrical shape. However, the transport tube may be a partially opened cylindrical shape or a U-shaped transport tube.

  In order to suppress the sliding resistance in the pipe of the screw, the height of the paddle is set so as not to exceed the height of the screw blade. Preferably, the height of the paddle is set slightly lower than the height of the screw blade.

  The paddle is made of hard metal such as iron, steel, titanium, and aluminum alloy, ceramic, or a composite material thereof. Depending on the conveyed product, the paddle is subjected to a coating process such as a fluororesin process or a chrome plating process. The same applies to the screw. The paddle is fixed to the screw shaft by fixing means such as welding, brazing, fitting, and bolt fixing. Examples of the shape of the paddle include a flat plate shape, a comb shape, a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, and a semicircular shape.

  The present invention is characterized in that the paddle is attached to the front surface side of the screw blade and does not reach the rear surface side of the front screw blade that circulates in the traveling direction.

  According to the present invention, among the transported items separated by the paddle, the transported product going backward is pushed forward from the front side of the screw blade provided with the paddle, and the transported product going forward is From the rear side of the screw blade that has not reached, it will be circulated and pushed forward, and the conveyed product will be efficiently conveyed while maintaining the scattered state.

  The paddles are attached at predetermined intervals along the screw shaft. Depending on the conveyed product, the paddle may be thinned out for each of the plurality of screw blades, or a plurality of paddles may be provided for each of the screw blades.

  The present invention is characterized in that one paddle is arranged for each screw blade, and the position of the paddle is periodically different from the screw shaft.

  According to the present invention, each of the screw blades smoothly disperses the conveyed product by the paddles having different phase arrangements, and by periodically varying the paddle arrangement, the once disaggregated conveyed items are dumped again. It is hard to become a shape.

  According to the screw conveyor of the present invention, it is possible to effectively disperse a conveyed product while suppressing sliding resistance in the screw pipe. According to the present invention, among the transported items separated by the paddle, the transported product going backward is pushed forward from the front side of the screw blade provided with the paddle, and the transported product going forward is It will be pushed forward from the rear surface side of the screw blade that has not reached, and the conveyed product will be efficiently conveyed while maintaining the scattered state. According to the present invention, the conveyed product is smoothly separated, and the once-divided conveyed product is unlikely to be dumped again.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, a dry carbonization apparatus that efficiently disperses a conveyed product and continuously performs dry carbonization is realized.

It is a side view which shows the screw conveyor of embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the screw conveyor of the said embodiment from the front side. It is a side view which shows the screw incorporated in the screw conveyor of the said embodiment. It is a side view which illustrates the paddle which concerns on this invention. It is a front view which shows the dry carbonization apparatus provided with the screw conveyor of the said embodiment. It is a side view which shows the dry carbonization apparatus of the said embodiment. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the dry carbonization apparatus of the said embodiment from the side surface side.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment of the present invention)
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a screw conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the internal structure of the screw conveyor of the present embodiment from the front side. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a screw built in the screw conveyor of the present embodiment. A screw conveyor 1 according to the present invention is composed of a transfer pipe 6, a screw 2 arranged in the transfer pipe 6, and a driving means (not shown) for rotating the screw 2, such as garbage and biomass. It is a screw conveyor for carrying out dry carbonization by conveying a conveyed product while stirring. Examples of the transported material include sludge from a sewage treatment plant, livestock dung, food waste such as food waste, and biomass (biological resources) such as wood chips and cocoon skin.

  The screw conveyor 1 according to the present embodiment is dry carbonized by putting the conveyed product into the hopper 51, rotating the screw 2 by the driving means, and conveying the conveyed product while stirring the screw blades 3 arranged in a spiral shape. (FIGS. 1-3). Reference numeral 61 denotes a discharge port, which connects a plurality of the screw conveyors 1 to form a plurality of rows, and promotes dry carbonization by increasing the transport distance.

  The screw 2 according to the present invention includes a screw shaft 5 serving as a rotating shaft, screw blades 3 arranged in a spiral shape along the screw shaft 5, and paddles provided along the screw shaft 5 at predetermined intervals. 4 and is built in a cylindrical conveyance pipe 6 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The outer diameter 3w of the screw blade 3 is set slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the transport pipe 6. Details of the structure of the screw 2 will be described later.

  FIGS. 5 to 7 are views showing a drying carbonization apparatus provided with the screw conveyor 1 of the present invention. For example, it becomes the dry carbonization apparatus of this invention by attaching the screw 2 which concerns on this invention to the existing dry carbonization apparatus. Reference numeral 101 denotes a primary combustion chamber. A drying chamber 102 is provided on the back surface of the primary combustion chamber 101. The primary combustion chamber 101 and the drying chamber 102 are partitioned by a partition wall 103 having multiple pores. It is formed so as to be able to flow into the drying chamber 102 from the multipores. An exhaust pipe 104 is provided above the side surface of the primary combustion chamber 101, and a primary combustion burner 105 is provided below the side surface of the primary combustion chamber 101. The drying chamber 102 is a thin rectangular body, and is internally provided with a transport pipe 6 extending horizontally in multiple stages (eight stages in the drawing), and the transport pipe 6 is an end portion of the transport pipe 6 whose upper or lower end. A plurality of portions are alternately connected to each other by a connecting portion to form a single line. The uppermost transfer pipe 6 is provided with a garbage input port 107 communicating with the outside of the drying chamber 102, and the lowermost transfer tube 6 is provided with a garbage discharge port 108 communicating with the outside of the drying chamber 102. Screws 2 are built in the respective transport pipes 6. The screws 2 at each stage are arranged so that the forward path and the backward path are alternately arranged up and down. The rotation of the motor 113 is transmitted to each screw 2 by an interlocking mechanism composed of a chain and a sprocket, and rotates the same. The periphery of the transfer tube 6 in the drying chamber 102 is filled with fine particles such as a heat-resistant material glass or ceramics. In addition, a steam outlet 117 through which steam generated in the transport pipe 6 is sent out is provided at the connecting portion of the transport pipe 6, and one end of the steam delivery pipe 118 is connected to the steam outlet 117, and each steam delivery pipe 118 is connected. The other end of each is combined into one and connected to a steam introduction pipe 119 provided at the upper part of the primary combustion chamber 101. Reference numeral 122 denotes a shower room, and the shower room 122 is installed in the middle of the exhaust pipe 104. Combustion gas from the primary combustion chamber 101 passing through the shower chamber 122 from the exhaust pipe 104 is removed by adhering soot and the like contained in the combustion gas to the fine particles in the shower chamber 122 and is also burned by water. The malodor contained therein is also removed. Then, the combustion gas that has passed through the shower chamber 122 enters the secondary combustion chamber 128 through the exhaust pipe, is burned again in the secondary combustion chamber 128, and harmful substances contained in the combustion gas are removed and removed from the exhaust pipe. Released into the atmosphere.

  The transport pipe 6 is provided with multi-stage heat-resistant copper pipes, and is indirectly heated in a reducing atmosphere (oxygen-free) while being transported and stirred by the screw 2 in the pipe to perform dry carbonization. Then, by heating the small-diameter heat-resistant copper tube 6, the contact area is increased and processing in a short time is possible. The inside of the heat-resistant copper pipe 6 is designed to have a positive pressure, the inside of the heating chamber 102 is at a negative pressure, and the synergistic effect reduces processing time and processing fuel consumption, and is environmentally friendly and clean exhaust processing. The dry distillation gas in the process is completely decomposed in a reheating furnace (heated at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher and discharged), so that generation of smoke and odor, dioxins, and generation of harmful substances is suppressed. ing.

  The structure of the screw 2 of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the internal structure of the screw conveyor 1 of the present embodiment from the front side. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a screw built in the screw conveyor 1. The screw 2 according to the present invention includes a screw shaft 5 serving as a rotation shaft, a screw blade 3 disposed in a spiral shape along the screw shaft 5, and a paddle 4 provided along the screw shaft 5 at a predetermined interval. . The paddle 4 (4 a to 4 d) has a height set slightly lower than the height of the screw blade 3, and the side surface of the paddle 4 is arranged obliquely at an acute angle with respect to the screw shaft 5.

  The paddle 4 is made of hard metal such as iron, steel, titanium, and aluminum alloy, ceramic, or a composite material thereof. The paddle 4 is subjected to a coating process such as a fluororesin process or a chrome plating process depending on the conveyed product. The same applies to the screw 2 and the screw blade 3. The paddle 4 is fixed to the screw shaft 5 by fixing means such as welding, brazing, fitting, and bolt fixing (FIGS. 2 and 3).

  2-3, the paddle 2 has a rectangular flat plate shape, and the outer end of the paddle 2 has an outer diameter 3w of the screw blade 3 in order to suppress sliding resistance in the pipe of the screw 2. The height of the paddle 2 is set slightly lower than the height of the screw blade 3 (FIG. 3).

  In FIG. 3, when the screw 2 rotates in the code cw direction, the conveyed product is conveyed in the code a1 direction. Reference numeral P1-P1 is a center line of the screw shaft 5, and the side surface of the paddle 4 is arranged at an acute angle with an angle of 4k obliquely with respect to the center line (P1-P1 line) of the screw shaft 5. As a result, the conveyed product can be effectively separated while being conveyed. The angle 4k is preferably in the range of 5 degrees to 35 degrees. When the angle 4k is less than 5 degrees, it is difficult to receive the conveyed product, and when the angle 4k exceeds 35 degrees, it is difficult to extrude the conveyed product. The angle 4k for receiving and pushing out an appropriate amount of the conveyed product is more preferably within a range of 5 to 25 degrees.

  The paddle 4 is attached to the front surface side of the screw blade 3 and does not reach the rear surface side of the front screw blade 3 that circulates in the traveling direction a1 (FIG. 3). According to the present embodiment, among the transported items scattered by the paddle 4, the transported product going backward is pushed forward from the front side of the screw blade 3 to which the paddle 4 is attached. The paddle 4 does not reach the screw blade 3 from the rear surface side and is pushed forward, and the conveyed product is efficiently conveyed while maintaining the scattered state.

  One paddle 4 is arranged for each screw blade 3, and the position of the paddle 4 is periodically different from the screw shaft 5 (FIGS. 2 and 3). . In the example shown in FIG. 2-3, in the traveling direction a1, the paddle 4 (4a-4d) has a phase arrangement periodically different by 90 degrees in the order of the paddles 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d for each screw blade 3. There is one screw blade 3 on which the paddle 4 is not arranged, and each screw blade 3 has a phase arrangement that is periodically different by 90 degrees in the order of the paddles 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d. According to the present embodiment, for each screw blade 3, the conveyed objects are smoothly scattered by the paddles 4 a, 4 b, 4 c, 4 d having different phase arrangements, and the arrangement of the paddles 4 is periodically changed. It is difficult for the transported goods once to be dumped again. Here, the periodically different phase arrangement of the paddle 4 is not limited to a configuration in which the paddle 4 is varied by 90 degrees. For example, a configuration in which the paddle 4 is varied by 120 degrees, a structure in which the paddle 4 is varied by 60 degrees, a structure that is varied by 45 degrees, or the like. Can do. The paddles 4 are attached at predetermined intervals along the screw shaft 5. Depending on the conveyed product, the paddle 4 may be thinned and arranged for each of the plurality of screw blades 3, and the paddle 4 may be arranged for each of the screw blades 3.

  FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating the paddle 4 according to the present invention. Examples of the shape of the paddle 4 include a flat plate shape (a), a trapezoidal shape (b), a triangular shape (c), a comb shape (d), other semicircular shapes, and a pentagonal shape. For example, if the paddle 4 has a comb shape (d), the effect of stirring the conveyed product increases.

  For example, the paddle 4 having a relatively small area on the base side of the screw 2 and the paddle 4 having a relatively large area as it goes in the traveling direction a1 can be made to break while gradually pulverizing the conveyed product. The load applied to the screw 2 is also reduced. More specifically, there is a configuration in which the height of the paddle 4 is lowered on the base side of the screw 2 and the height of the paddle 4 is increased toward the traveling direction a1.

(Example)
The screw 2 having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 was used, and the screw blade 3 had an outer diameter 3w of 195 mm and a blade thickness 3t of 6 mm. The height of the paddle 4 was set to a position 5 mm to 15 mm lower than the outer edge of the screw blade 3, and the height of the paddle 4 was increased toward the traveling direction a <b> 1. The screw 2 was built in a cylindrical transfer pipe 6 to form a screw conveyor 1 having a total length of about 2000 mm. When the coconut skin was introduced, the fiber was discharged in the melted state.

1 Screw conveyor of the present invention,
2 Screw according to the present invention,
3 Screw blades,
4 paddles,
5 Screw shaft,
6 Transport pipe

Claims (4)

  Concerning a screw conveyor which is composed of a conveying pipe, a screw arranged in the conveying pipe, and a driving means for rotating the screw, and for drying and carbonizing by conveying the conveyed product while stirring, the screw rotates. A screw shaft as a shaft, a screw blade spirally arranged along the screw shaft, and a paddle attached at a predetermined interval along the screw shaft, and the height of the paddle is the height of the screw blade A screw conveyor characterized in that the side surface of the paddle is arranged obliquely at an acute angle with respect to the screw shaft.   The screw conveyor according to claim 1, wherein the paddle is attached to the front surface side of the screw blade and does not reach the rear surface side of the front screw blade that circulates in the traveling direction.   The paddle is disposed one by one for each screw blade, and the position of the paddle is periodically different in phase with respect to the screw shaft. Screw conveyor.   A dry carbonization apparatus comprising a plurality of screw conveyors as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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