JP2013508121A - 冷却可能なエネルギー放出アセンブリを有する送達デバイス - Google Patents
冷却可能なエネルギー放出アセンブリを有する送達デバイス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願第61/255,367号(2009年10月27日出願)および米国仮特許出願第61/260,348号(2009年11月11日出願)の米国特許法第119条第(e)項の利益を主張する。これら2つの仮出願の各々は、その全体が本明細書に参照することによって援用される。
本発明は、概して、組織を治療するためのシステム、装置、および方法に関し、より具体的には、本発明は、所望の応答を引き出すための冷却可能なエネルギー放出アセンブリを有する送達デバイスを有するシステムまたは治療システムに関する。
Τ1−Τ2=μ(Ρ1−Ρ2)
式中、
Tは、ガスの温度であり、
Pは、ガスの圧力であり、
μは、ガスのジュールトムソン係数であり、
下付き文字1は、高圧状態を表し、
下付き文字2は、低圧状態を表す。
Τ2−Τ3=μ(Ρ2−ΡΑΤΜ)
である。
二酸化炭素について
Claims (92)
- 切除アセンブリであって、該切除アセンブリは、
エネルギーを出力して気管支樹の標的組織を切除するように構成されるエネルギーエミッタアセンブリであって、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを通って冷却剤が流れることが可能であることにより、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの組織接触部分を冷却するエネルギーエミッタアセンブリと、
折り畳み状態から拡張状態まで移動可能である配備可能要素であって、それにより、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの該組織接触部分を該気管支樹の気管壁と接触させる配備可能要素と、
該冷却剤を含有するように構成され、該気管壁と接触するように移動可能である冷却部であって、それにより、エネルギーが該エネルギーエミッタから出力されているときに、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの該組織接触部分に隣接する組織を冷却する冷却部と
を備える、切除アセンブリと、
該切除アセンブリに連結される細長いシャフトであって、該細長いシャフトを通って該冷却剤が該切除アセンブリへと流れることが可能である細長いシャフトと
を備える、送達デバイス。 - 前記配備可能要素は、膨張可能部材を備え、前記冷却部は、該膨張可能部材の一部分を備える、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記配備可能要素は、拡張型バスケットを備え、前記冷却部は、該拡張型バスケットの一部分を備える、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリのチャネルは、前記配備可能要素のチャンバから分離していることにより、前記細長いシャフトから該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリのチャネルまでの第1の冷却剤、および該配備可能要素のチャンバまでの第2の冷却剤の独立した送達を可能にする、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、冷却剤が流動するために通る冷却剤チャネルを有する電極を含む、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記細長いシャフトの第1の送達管腔は、前記電極の前記冷却剤チャネルと流体的に連絡しており、該細長いシャフトの第2の送達管腔は、前記配備可能要素のチャンバと流体的に連絡している、請求項5に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの一部は、前記配備可能要素の周りに円周方向に延在し、および該配備可能要素の長手軸の方向に該配備可能要素に対して自由に移動可能である、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの冷却剤チャネルは、前記細長いシャフトの送達管腔を前記配備可能要素のチャンバに流体的に連結し、該配備可能要素のチャンバは、該細長いシャフトの帰還管腔に流体的に連結される、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記配備可能要素は、第1の端部、第2の端部、および該第1の端部と該第2の端部との間に延在する換気通路を有する本体を含み、該換気通路は、該配備可能要素が前記拡張状態にあるときに、該換気通路を通る吸気流および該換気通路を通る呼気流を可能にするように構成される、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリと前記配備可能要素とは、独立して拡張可能である、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記折り畳み状態の前記配備可能要素は、前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの受容開口部の中に挿入可能であり、前記拡張状態の該配備可能要素は、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを半径方向外向きに圧迫するように構成される、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、前記配備可能要素が前記拡張状態にある間、前記気管支樹に沿って延在する神経幹の一部分を切除することに十分な量の無線周波数エネルギーを出力して、該気管支樹の一部分に伝送される神経系信号を減衰させるように構成される無線周波数電極を含み、前記冷却部は、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリと前記神経組織との間の前記組織への損傷を制限または防止するために、気道から十分な量の熱エネルギーを吸収する、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- スロットルをさらに備え、該スロットルは、前記エネルギー放出アセンブリを通る前記冷却剤の第1の流速および前記冷却部を通る該冷却剤の第2の流速を維持するように構成される、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギー放出アセンブリは、前記冷却部に流体的に接続されることにより、前記冷却剤が該エネルギー放出アセンブリから該冷却部まで連続的に流れ、前記スロットルは、該エネルギー放出アセンブリと該冷却部との間に配置される、請求項13に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記配備可能要素は、前記エネルギー放出アセンブリに流体的に接続される膨張可能部材を備え、それにより、前記冷却剤が該エネルギー放出アセンブリから該膨張可能部材までそれの膨張のために連続的に流れ、前記冷却部は、該膨張可能部材の一部分を備える、請求項13に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記スロットルは、前記エネルギー放出アセンブリと前記膨張可能部材との間に配置される、請求項15に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記スロットルは、前記エネルギー放出アセンブリと前記膨張可能部材との間の前記冷却剤の圧力を下げる、請求項16に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記細長いシャフトおよび前記配備可能要素のうちの少なくとも1つの上に設置される可視的マーキングをさらに備え、該可視的マーキングは、前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの位置を示す、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記配備可能要素は、前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリが該配備可能要素の壁を通して視認可能であるように透明である、請求項1に記載の送達デバイス。
- 切除アセンブリは、エネルギーを出力して気道の標的組織を切除するように構成される電極を含み、該電極は、該気道に沿って軸方向に延在する第1の配向と、該電極全体が該気道の隣接する軟骨輪の間の空間内に配置される第2の配向との間を移動可能である、送達デバイス。
- 前記切除アセンブリは、前記気道の組織を冷却するための拡張型要素を含み、該拡張型要素は、前記拡張型要素が拡張されるにつれて、前記電極を前記隣接する軟骨輪の間に着座させるように構成される、請求項20に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記電極は、前記第1の配向において、前記切除アセンブリの長手軸に対してある角度を成している、請求項20に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記電極は、該電極が前記第1の配向から前記第2の配向まで移動するにつれて、円周方向に延在する配向に向かって移動する、請求項20に記載の送達デバイス
- 前記第1の配向の前記電極が前記切除アセンブリの長手軸の方向に延在する距離は、前記第2の配向の該電極が該切除アセンブリの該長手軸の方向に延在する距離よりも大きい、請求項20に記載の送達デバイス
- 折り畳み状態と拡張状態との間を移動可能な配備可能要素と、
該配備可能要素の少なくとも一部分を包囲する軟骨間エネルギーエミッタアセンブリであって、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの少なくとも一部分は、該拡張状態の該配備可能要素に対して移動可能であることにより、気管支樹の気管壁の隣接する軟骨輪の間で該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの電極を押し進める、エネルギーエミッタアセンブリと
を備える、送達デバイス。 - 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、送達構成から配備構成まで移動可能であり、該配備構成の該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、前記気道壁を圧迫して、前記隣接する軟骨輪間の軟骨間空間の中に前記電極を移動させるように構成され、前記拡張状態の前記配備可能要素は、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを該配備構成に保持する、請求項25に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの少なくとも一部分は、前記配備可能要素に対して移動可能であることにより、前記電極が該配備可能要素に沿って軟骨間空間の中に移動することが可能である、請求項25に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、前記配備可能要素から半径方向外向きに突出する、請求項25に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記電極は、前記配備可能要素が前記折り畳み状態にあるときの第1の配向から、該配備可能要素が前記拡張状態にあるときの第2の配向まで旋回し、該電極は、該第2の配向にあるときよりも該第1の配向にあるときに、長手軸に対して小さい角度を成している、請求項25に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの前記電極は、前記配備可能要素が拡張するときに軟骨間空間に向かって移動するように構成される、請求項25に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの前記電極は、前記配備可能要素が前記拡張状態にあるときに、該配備可能要素に連結される細長いシャフトの長手軸と実質的に垂直である想像上の平面内に配置される、請求項30に記載の送達デバイス。
- エネルギーエミッタアセンブリ、および膨張可能冷却バルーンを含む切除アセンブリであって、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、冷却チャネルを含み、該膨張可能冷却バルーンは、冷却チャンバを含む、切除アセンブリと、
第1の流体を該冷却チャネルまで、および第2の流体を該冷却チャンバまで独立して送達するように構成される細長いシャフトと
を備える、送達デバイス。 - 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、電極を含み、該電極は、前記第1の流体が前記冷却チャネルを通って流れ、および前記第2の流体が前記冷却チャンバを通って流れる間に、該電極と前記標的組織との間の非標的組織を破壊することなく該標的組織を切除するように構成される、請求項32に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、無線周波数エネルギー、超音波エネルギー、電離放射、マイクロ波エネルギー、および電気エネルギーのうちの少なくとも1つを出力するように構成される、請求項33に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記細長いシャフトは、
前記第1の流体を前記冷却チャネルに送達するための第1の送達管腔と、
前記第2の流体を前記冷却チャンバに送達するための第2の送達管腔と
を備える、請求項32に記載の送達デバイス。 - 前記細長いシャフトは、
前記冷却チャネルから該細長いシャフトの近位端まで前記第1の流体を送達するための第1の帰還管腔と、
該冷却チャネルから該シャフトの該近位端まで前記第2の流体を送達するための第2の帰還管腔と
を備える、請求項35に記載の送達デバイス。 - 前記第1の送達管腔および前記第2の送達管腔に連結される流体送達システムをさらに備え、該流体送達システムは、前記第2の流体の温度とは異なる温度で前記第1の流体を出力することが可能である、請求項35に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記流体送達システムに通信可能に連結され、および前記切除アセンブリのセンサに通信可能に連結されるコントローラをさらに備え、該コントローラは、該センサからの少なくとも1つの信号に基づいて該流体送達システムに命令するように構成される、請求項37に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記コントローラは、差動冷却プログラムを実行して、前記第2の流体の前記温度とは有意に異なる温度で前記第1の流体を送達するように構成される、請求項38に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記膨張可能冷却バルーンは、前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの電極を越えて近位および遠位に延在することにより、該冷却バルーンが膨張させられたときに該電極が前記気道壁に近接して保持される、請求項32に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記膨張可能冷却バルーンは、換気通路を画定し、該膨張可能バルーンが拡張させられたときに、該換気通路を通って呼気流および吸気流が流れることが可能である、請求項40に記載の送達デバイス。
- 細長いシャフトと、
該細長いシャフトに連結され、電極を含む切除アセンブリであって、該電極は、切除エネルギーを放出することが可能であり、第1の端部、第2の端部、および該第1の端部と該第2の端部との間の本体を有し、該第1の端部および該第2の端部のうちの少なくとも1つは、切除エネルギー絶縁体によって覆われる、切除アセンブリと
を備える、送達デバイス。 - 前記切除エネルギー絶縁体の第1の部分は、前記第1の端部を覆い、該切除エネルギー絶縁体の第2の部分は、前記第2の端部を覆い、前記電極の前記本体は、該第1の部分と該第2の部分との間に延在する、請求項42に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記電極は、管状であり、前記切除エネルギー絶縁体は、該電極まで、または該電極から冷却剤を送達するための冷却剤管を備える、請求項42に記載の送達デバイス。
- 前記電極の前記本体は、弓形形状を有する、請求項42に記載の送達デバイス。
- 送達デバイスを備える治療システムであって、該送達デバイスは、該送達デバイスに近接する第1の組織表面にエネルギーを送達して、組織の標的領域を損傷するように構成され、それにより、該標的領域の最大断面幅を画定する該標的領域の一部分が、該第1の組織表面から分離される、システム。
- 前記送達デバイスは、前記標的領域の前記最大断面幅が前記第1の組織表面から少なくとも2mmの深さにあるように組織を損傷することが可能であるエネルギーエミッタアセンブリを含む、請求項46に記載の治療システム。
- 前記送達デバイスは、組織保護装置とエネルギー放出デバイスとを含み、該組織保護装置とエネルギー放出デバイスとは、前記標的領域が前記組織内の平滑筋組織の領域よりも深い深さにおいて最大化された幅を有するように、該標的領域の組織を損傷するように協働する、請求項47に記載の治療システム。
- 前記組織保護装置は、冷却剤を含有することにより前記標的領域の外側の組織を冷却するように構成される、請求項48に記載の治療システム。
- 前記送達デバイスは、電極を有し、該電極は、損傷された組織の体積の大部分が気道壁の平滑筋組織の領域の外側にあるようにエネルギーを出力して該組織を損傷する、請求項46に記載の治療システム。
- 前記送達デバイスは、前記平滑筋組織への損傷が、もしある場合には、前記気道の反応性または収縮を実質的に改変するために必要とされるものよりも少ないように、該平滑筋組織への損傷を制限するために前記組織を冷却すること可能である、請求項46に記載の治療システム。
- 前記送達デバイスは、組織保護装置を含み、該組織保護装置は、前記組織の大部分が永久的に損傷されない組織の保護領域を形成するように構成され、該組織の保護領域は、前記標的領域と該送達デバイスとの間にある、請求項46に記載の治療システム。
- 前記送達デバイスは、前記保護領域内の前記組織の大部分を永久的に損傷しないように構成され、前記エネルギーは、該保護領域を通って伝わる、請求項52に記載の治療システム。
- 前記送達デバイスは、電極幅を有する電極を含み、該電極は、前記標的領域が、前記第1の表面において該電極幅のせいぜい約150%である断面幅を有するように、エネルギーを出力するように構成される、請求項46に記載の治療システム。
- 被検体を治療する方法であって、
該被検体の気道の中に位置するエネルギーエミッタアセンブリの受容開口部を通して、送達デバイスの冷却要素を移動させることと、
該冷却要素と該気道の壁との間に該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの少なくとも一部分を設置するように、該冷却要素を拡張することと、
冷却剤が該拡張した冷却要素および該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを通って流れている間に該気道の壁の組織を切除するために、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリからエネルギーを送達することと
を含む、方法。 - 隣接する軟骨輪の間に前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの電極を保持することをさらに含み、それにより、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリから出力される前記エネルギーの大部分が、隣接する軟骨輪の間に集束される、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記拡張した冷却要素を通して第1の流速で第1の冷却剤を送達することと、
前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを通して第2の流速で第2の冷却剤を送達することであって、該第2の流速は、該第1の流速とは異なる、ことと
をさらに含む、請求項55に記載の方法。 - 前記冷却要素を少なくとも部分的に拡張する間に、該冷却要素の遠位端と該冷却要素の近位端との間に前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの弓形部分を設置することをさらに含む、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却要素は、バルーンである、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 被検体を治療する方法であって、
気管支樹の気道の中に切除アセンブリを移動させることであって、該切除アセンブリは、冷却要素およびエネルギーエミッタアセンブリを含む、ことと、
該気道の壁を該冷却要素と接触させるように、該冷却要素を拡張することと、
該気道に沿って延在する神経幹の神経組織を損傷するように、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリからエネルギーを送達することと、
該気道の壁を冷却して、該損傷した神経組織と該切除アセンブリとの間に位置する組織における細胞死を制限または防止するように該エネルギーを送達する間に、冷却剤を流して該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの少なくとも一部分と接触させることと
を含む、方法。 - 前記組織に向かって前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの放出ポートから外へ前記冷却剤を送達することをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記組織を冷却するように、該組織に対して前記冷却剤を噴霧することをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記気道の前記壁を冷却する前記冷却剤の温度を低減するように、ジュールトムソンスロットルを通して該冷却剤を送達することをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却剤に前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを通過させることは、該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの冷却チャネルを通して該冷却剤を送達することを含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記神経組織を損傷する前に、薄型送達構成から組織係合構成まで前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを移動させることをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記組織係合構成の前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、前記気道の前記壁の周りに円周方向に延在する、請求項65に記載の方法。
- 前記組織係合構成の前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリは、コイル状の構成にある、請求項65に記載の方法。
- 前記薄型送達構成から前記組織係合構成まで前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを移動させるように、細長いシャフトの遠位端に対して該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリを回転させることをさらに含む、請求項65に記載の方法。
- 細長いシャフトから前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリまで冷却剤を送達することと、
該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリから前記冷却要素まで冷却剤を送達することと、
該冷却要素から該細長いシャフトまで冷却剤を送達することと
をさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。 - 前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリおよび前記冷却要素を通して冷却剤を独立して送達することをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 他の組織の温度を、細胞死が発生する温度より低く維持しながら、神経組織細胞死を引き起こすように、前記エネルギーを使用して神経組織を加熱することをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記気道壁内の2mm未満の深さにある組織を、細胞死が発生する温度以下の温度に維持しながら、該気道壁内の約2mmから約8mmの深さにある組織を、細胞死を引き起こすように加熱することをさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却要素を拡張することは、換気通路を形成することを含み、それにより、該換気通路を通る吸気流および該換気通路を通る呼気流を可能にする、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 送達導管の端部におけるポートから外へ前記冷却剤を送達することをさらに含み、該送達導管の端部は、前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの電極に向かって前記切除アセンブリの長手軸から離れる方向に延在する、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記冷却要素のチャンバを通して、および前記エネルギーエミッタアセンブリに向かって送達導管の一部分を移動させることと、
該エネルギーエミッタアセンブリの電極を冷却するように、該送達導管の一部分から冷却剤を送達することと
をさらに含む、請求項60に記載の方法。 - 被検体を治療する方法であって、
気道内に送達デバイスの切除アセンブリを設置することと、
気管支樹の一部分に伝送される神経系信号が減衰させられるように神経幹の神経組織を損傷するために、該切除アセンブリの電極からエネルギーを送達することと、
該切除アセンブリの該電極のチャネルを通して冷却剤を送達することと
を含む、方法。 - 前記電極が前記エネルギーを出力している間、該電極の前記チャネルを通して冷却剤を送達することをさらに含む、請求項76に記載の方法。
- 組織を治療する方法であって、
該組織の第1の表面付近に設置される送達デバイスから該組織までエネルギーを送達することを含み、該エネルギーが、標的領域を損傷することにより、該標的領域の最大断面幅を画定する該標的領域の一部分が、該第1の表面から分離される、方法。 - 前記標的領域の前記最大断面幅は、前記第1の組織表面から少なくとも2mmの深さにある、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の表面と、前記標的領域の前記最大断面幅を画定する該標的領域の一部分との間の組織の狭窄領域を損傷することをさらに含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記標的領域の前記最大断面幅が、前記組織内の平滑筋組織の領域よりも深い深さにおいて最大化されるように、該標的領域の組織を損傷することをさらに含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- エネルギーを送達することは、前記標的領域の大部分が前記組織の平滑筋組織の領域の外側にあるように該標的領域を損傷することを含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記標的領域の断面の重心領域が、前記組織の平滑筋の領域よりも深いように、該標的領域を損傷することさらに含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記損傷した組織の体積の大部分は、平滑筋組織の領域の外側にある、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記送達デバイスから前記組織まで送達される前記エネルギーが、前記第1の表面からある深さに配置される該組織の前記標的領域を損傷するように、過敏反応性のまたは収縮した気道の中に該送達デバイスを設置することをさらに含み、平滑筋組織への損傷は、該気道の反応性および収縮を実質的に改変するために必要とされるものよりも少ない、請求項78に記載の方法。
- エネルギーを前記組織に送達することは、該組織の大部分が永久的に損傷されない保護領域を維持し、該保護領域は、前記標的領域と前記第1の表面との間にある、請求項78に記載の方法。
- エネルギーを前記組織に送達することは、該エネルギーが通って伝わる前記保護領域の中の組織の大部分を永久的に損傷しないことを含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- エネルギーを前記組織に送達することは、該組織の前記標的領域が、前記第1の表面における電極幅のせいぜい約150%である断面幅を有するように、該電極幅を有する電極からエネルギーを送達することを含む、請求項78に記載の方法。
- エネルギーを送達する方法であって、
組織を電極の縁と接触させることなく、該組織と接触している電極表面にわたる実質的に均一な電圧によって該電極からエネルギーを送達することを含む、方法。 - 前記エネルギーを送達しながら、前記送達デバイスの電極を通して冷却剤を送達することをさらに含む、請求項89に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギーを送達することは、前記均一な電圧を生成するために前記電極の複数のサブ電極からエネルギーを送達することを含み、該複数のサブ電極は、該電極の前記表面を画定する、請求項89に記載の方法。
- 前記サブ電極は、相互から離間している、請求項91に記載の方法。
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