JP2013176190A - Secondary battery control device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for managing a secondary battery connected in parallel with a commercial power supply.SOLUTION: A control part 34 sets a charging pattern for fully charging a secondary battery 14, the charging pattern comprising the steps of: performing a constant-current charge till the voltage of the secondary battery 14 reaches a prescribed upper limit voltage; switching the constant-current charge to a constant-voltage charge when, as a turning point, the voltage of the secondary battery 14 reaches the prescribed upper limit voltage; and performing the constant-voltage charge as a supplementary charge. A command part 36 charges the secondary battery 14 according to the charging pattern set by the control part 34. In this configuration, the control part 34 determines a constant-current charge rate for accomplishing the charging of the secondary battery 14 on an assumption that, after securing a prescribed supplementary charge timezone for a supplementary charge, the charging is performed by the constant-current charge during the rest of all the timezone.

Description

  The present invention relates to power distribution technology, and more particularly, to technology for controlling power in a system in which a storage battery connected to a power generator for renewable energy and a commercial power source coexist.

  A storage battery and a commercial power supply are connected in parallel to the load, and the storage battery is used as a backup for the power consumed by the load in case of a power failure of the commercial power supply. A technology to discharge the power of is developed. In such a technology, for example, AC power from a commercial power source is converted into DC power and stored in a storage battery in a time zone where power consumption due to loads such as nighttime is low, and in a time zone where power consumption due to loads such as daytime is high. The power of the storage battery is converted into AC power and supplied to the load. As a control for charging a storage battery, a technique for controlling whether or not to perform constant voltage charging from a charging current at the time of charging has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-304592

  In a system in which a storage battery and a commercial power supply coexist, it is required to stably secure power supplied to a load to be operated even when the commercial power supply stops power supply.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a condition, The objective is to provide the technique for managing the storage battery connected in parallel with the commercial power source.

  In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention is a storage battery control device. This device performs constant current charging until the voltage of the storage battery reaches a predetermined upper limit voltage, and switches from constant current charging to constant voltage charging when the voltage of the storage battery reaches the predetermined upper limit voltage. A control unit that sets a charging pattern for fully charging the storage battery by executing constant voltage charging, and an instruction unit that charges the storage battery according to the charging pattern set by the control unit. Here, the control unit secures a predetermined auxiliary charging time zone for performing auxiliary charging, and then assumes that constant current charging is performed in all the remaining time zones so that charging of the storage battery is completed. Determine the constant current charge rate.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the technique for managing the storage battery connected in parallel with the commercial power supply can be provided.

It is a figure showing typically the power distribution system concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a figure which shows typically the internal structure of the storage battery control part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the electrical storage amount made to charge a storage battery in a charge time slot | zone. FIGS. 4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating an example of an input screen for a charge / discharge time zone and a discharge amount by each unit in the setting unit. FIGS. 5A to 5C are diagrams showing another example of a charge / discharge time zone and a discharge amount input screen of the storage battery by each unit in the setting unit. FIGS. 6A to 6B are diagrams illustrating an example of fluctuations in the storage capacity of the storage battery in one day. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of a process of the storage battery control apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the input process of the discharge time slot | zone and discharge amount by a 2nd setting part and a 4th setting part. FIGS. 9A to 9B are diagrams for explaining the charge rate setting of the storage battery. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the charging rate setting process of the storage battery in the charge time slot | zone made in the control part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIGS. 11A to 11D are diagrams for explaining the relationship between peak shift and charge / discharge according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the time fluctuation pattern of the power consumption in load. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the charging / discharging process at the time of the peak shift of the control part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which illustrates the fluctuation | variation of the electrical storage capacity of the storage battery before and behind the setting change of a charging / discharging pattern. FIGS. 15A to 15C are diagrams showing another example of fluctuations in the storage capacity of the storage battery before and after the setting change of the charge / discharge pattern. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the charging / discharging process at the time of the peak shift of the control part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the restart timing notification function structure of the control part which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the timing notification process of the restart of a storage battery control part of the control part which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention relate to a power distribution system that connects a solar cell in parallel with a commercial power system, supplies power from both the commercial power source and the solar cell to a load, and charges the storage battery. Such a power distribution system is installed, for example, in an office or home. When the electric power company adopts the electricity bill system by time zone, the electricity bill at night time is set lower than the electricity bill at daytime. As an example of these time zones, the day time zone is defined as 7 o'clock to 23 o'clock, and the night time zone is defined as from 23 o'clock to 7 o'clock the next day. In order to effectively use such a low electricity bill, the power distribution system stores power in the storage battery with electric power from a commercial power source in the night time zone.

  The electric power stored in the storage battery is used as a backup power source for operating important devices such as servers and elevators when the commercial power source fails. The storage battery is further used as a so-called peak shift that lowers the maximum value of the amount of usage in daytime commercial power by discharging in the daytime hours when the amount of electricity used is generally large.

  In this way, the storage battery has two roles: a role as a backup for a specific load and a role as a peak shift. In the power distribution system according to the embodiment, in order to cause the storage battery to perform the above-described two roles, the commercial power supply performs a peak shift while ensuring a certain amount of power received in the storage battery at normal times when the commercial power supply is energized. In the case of a power failure, the storage battery is discharged to supply power to a specific load.

(Outline of power distribution system)
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a power distribution system 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The power distribution system 100 according to the first embodiment includes a solar battery 10, a storage battery 14, a commercial power supply 24, a bidirectional power conditioner 16, a storage battery control unit 18, a load 26, a first switch 20, A second switch 12, a power source selection unit 22, a power distribution path 66, a distribution board 68, and a storage battery power detection unit 70 are included. In the present specification, the solar battery 10 is described as an example of a renewable energy power generator. However, the renewable energy power generator is not limited to the solar battery 10, and may be a wind power generator, for example. May coexist.

  The commercial power supply 24 is an AC power supply for supplying power from an electric power company. The solar cell 10 is a power generator that directly converts light energy into electric power using the photovoltaic effect. The distribution board 68 is connected to the commercial power supply 24 at one end and connected to the bidirectional power conditioner 16 at the other end. The distribution board 68 receives AC power from one end side or the other end side, and supplies AC power to the second type load 30 described later. The distribution board 68 can also measure AC power received from one end side and the other end side. As the solar cell 10, a silicon solar cell, a solar cell made of various compound semiconductors, a dye-sensitized type (organic solar cell), or the like is used.

  The bidirectional power conditioner 16 is connected to the storage battery 14 and the solar battery 10 at one end, and can be connected to the commercial power supply 24 via the distribution board 68 at the other end. As will be described in detail later, the bidirectional power conditioner 16 includes a bidirectional inverter. The inverter converts DC power generated by the solar battery 10 or discharged from the storage battery 14 into AC power, and commercial power. This is a bidirectional inverter that converts AC power from the power source 24 into DC power.

  The storage battery 14 is a secondary battery that can be used as a battery by storing electricity by charging and can be used repeatedly. The storage battery 14 is realized by, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery. The storage battery 14 is charged with the electric power of the commercial power supply 24 converted into DC power by the bidirectional power conditioner 16. The storage battery 14 may also be charged by electric power generated by the solar battery 10 that is a renewable energy source. The storage battery control unit 18 measures various physical quantities of the storage battery 14 such as the storage amount and temperature of the storage battery 14 and provides the specified physical quantities to the bidirectional power conditioner 16. The storage battery control unit 18 also performs control such as controlling the heater for warming the storage battery 14 to warm the storage battery 14 or controlling the fan for cooling the storage battery 14 to cool the storage battery 14. The storage battery power detection unit 70 measures the power for charging the storage battery 14 and the power discharged by the storage battery 14. The storage battery control unit 18 also acquires the measurement result of the storage battery power detection unit 70.

  Since the power generation amount of the solar cell 10 depends on the amount of sunlight, it is difficult to control the power generation amount. Therefore, the second switch 12 is turned on or off between the output terminal of the solar battery 10 and the input terminal of the storage battery 14 and the bidirectional power conditioner 16 in order to prevent the storage battery 14 from being overcharged. Is provided to do. Details of the operation of the second switch 12 will be described later.

  The first switch 20 is provided between the bidirectional power conditioner 16 and the commercial power supply 24, and turns on or off between the bidirectional power conditioner 16 and the commercial power supply 24. The power source selection unit 22 has a first terminal 58 connected to the first path branched from between the first switch 20 and the bidirectional power conditioner 16, and a power distribution path between the commercial power source 24 and the first switch 20. One of the second terminals 60 connected to the second path branched from 66 is selected for connection to the first type load 28 described later.

  The load 26 further includes a first type load 28 and a second type load 30. Both the first type load 28 and the second type load 30 are AC drive type electric devices that are driven by AC power. The second type load 30 is driven by electric power from the power distribution path 66 that connects the commercial power supply 24 and the first switch 20. The power supplied from the power distribution path 66 is basically power supplied from the commercial power supply 24 via the distribution board 68. For example, when the peak shift is executed, the power is supplied from the storage battery 14 via the bidirectional power conditioner 16. In some cases, the generated power is mixed. In some cases, the power generated by the solar cell 10 at the time of peak shift is mixed into the power distribution path 66. Further, even when the peak shift is not performed, the power generated by the solar cell 10 may be mixed into the power distribution path 66.

  The first type load 28 is an electric device that should be driven even when the commercial power supply 24 is interrupted and the power supply is stopped, and the power may be supplied without going through the power distribution path 66. In this case, the first type load 28 is supplied with power from the solar battery 10 or the storage battery 14 via the bidirectional power conditioner 16, but is not supplied with power from the commercial power supply 24.

(Charge / discharge pattern setting)
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the storage battery control unit 18 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The storage battery control unit 18 includes a setting unit 32, a control unit 34, an instruction unit 36, and a display unit 38.

  The setting unit 32 inputs a charging / discharging pattern including information on a charging time zone for charging the power of the commercial power supply 24 to the storage battery 14 and a discharging time zone for discharging the storage battery 14. Therefore, the setting unit 32 further includes a first setting unit 40, a second setting unit 42, a third setting unit 44, and a fourth setting unit 46.

  The first setting unit 40 is a reserved power storage capacity input unit at the time of a power failure for inputting a secured power storage capacity at the time of a power failure to be secured by the storage battery 14 in preparation for the case where the power supply of the commercial power supply 24 is stopped. The 2nd setting part 42 is a discharge time zone input part which inputs the discharge time zone made to discharge to the storage battery 14 for a peak shift.

  The third setting unit 44 is a charging time zone input unit that inputs a charging time zone for charging the power of the commercial power supply 24 to the storage battery 14. The fourth setting unit 46 is a discharge amount input unit that inputs a discharge amount permitting the storage battery 14 to discharge over the discharge time period input in the second setting unit 42. The display unit 38 is configured by, for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) panel, and a user of the storage battery control unit 18 (hereinafter simply referred to as “user”) refers to information displayed on the display unit 38. Enter the discharge time zone and discharge amount. Details of the discharge time zone and the input of the discharge amount by the second setting unit 42 and the fourth setting unit 46 will be described later.

  In the present specification, the term “amount” is used for the electric power stored in or discharged from the storage battery 14 such as “amount of stored electricity” or “amount of discharge”. Further, the term “capacity” is used for the electric power stored in the storage battery 14 like “storage capacity”.

  The control unit 34 obtains the power storage capacity at the time of power failure input by the first setting unit 40 and the total amount of power to be discharged to the storage battery 14 input by the fourth setting unit 46 during the charging time period input by the second setting unit 42. Originally, the amount of stored power to be charged in the storage battery 14 is acquired in the charging time zone input by the third setting unit 44. Thereby, the control part 34 sets the charging / discharging pattern for making the storage battery 14 charge / discharge, and stores it in the memory (not shown) in the control part 34. FIG.

  More specifically, the control unit 34 includes a storage capacity secured during a power failure acquired by the first setting unit 40, a total amount of power to be discharged to the storage battery 14 in a discharge time zone input by the second setting unit 42, and a DC power source. Based on the conversion efficiency at the time of converting the battery into an AC power supply, the amount of power to be charged in the storage battery 14 in the charging time zone input by the third setting unit 44 is acquired. The instruction unit 36 instructs charging / discharging of the storage battery 14 according to the set charging / discharging pattern.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 14 during the charging time period. In order to charge the storage battery 14 with AC power from the commercial power supply 24, AC power is converted into DC power, and an AC / DC conversion loss occurs during this conversion. Moreover, in order to supply the electric power which the storage battery 14 discharges to the load 26, direct-current power is converted into alternating current power, However, DC / AC conversion loss also arises in this conversion.

Now, the storage capacity at the time of power failure input by the first setting unit 40 is P _F , and the total amount of power to be discharged to the storage battery 14 during the discharge time period input by the second setting unit 42, that is, the peak shift storage capacity is P _S , the proportion of the AC / DC conversion loss and _{R AD.} Here, the AC / DC conversion loss R _AD represents the magnitude of AC power converted when the DC power discharged from the storage battery 14 is 1. Therefore, 0 <R _AD ≦ 1.

At this time, the charge amount P _m that the instructing unit 36 charges the storage battery 14 in the charging time zone input by the third setting unit 44 is:
_{P m ≦ (P F + P} S) / R AD (1)
It becomes. The condition for establishing the equal sign is when the storage battery 14 is charged from an empty state.

Storage battery 14, power storage allowance P _M is previously determined as the upper limit of the electricity storage possible power. Accordingly, the control unit 34 when the electricity storage amount P _m obtained using Equation (1) exceeds the power storage allowance P _M, the power storage allowance PM and the power storage capacity Pm. The maximum allowable voltage of the storage battery, charge / discharge characteristics, etc. are taken into consideration, and may be determined by experiment or based on the rated capacity of the storage battery specified in advance, for example, 15 kWh.

As described above, the power failure ensures storage capacity P _F, since the commercial power supply 24 is a power storage capacity to the storage battery 14 is set aside in case of a power outage, the storage battery 14 so long as the commercial power supply 24 is not a power outage ensure power failure the storage capacity P _F is the minimum power storage. Thus, the instruction unit 36, in order to charge the battery 14 in the charging time period that is a third setting unit 44 have entered storage amount P ₁ to be actually supplied commercial power supply 24,
_{P 1 = (P m -P F} ) / R AD = P S / R AD (2)
It becomes. Further, the AC power _{P 2} to be supplied to the load 26,
P ₂ = P _S × R _DA
It becomes.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an input screen for a charge / discharge time zone and a discharge amount by each unit in the setting unit 32. The display unit 38 of the storage battery control unit 18 according to the embodiment is a display panel capable of displaying, for example, 20 characters × 4 lines of ASCII characters. Even in such a limited display area,
In order to cope with peak shifts that are as effective as possible according to the purpose of use, power consumption patterns, and the like, which are different for each user, various peak shift settings can be made with a small number of setting items. The user operates an operation key (not shown) including up / down / left / right and a determination key provided in the storage battery control unit 18 to input or update information necessary for setting.

  FIG. 4A shows the “current” for inputting whether or not to clear the setting item by deleting the charge / discharge pattern of the storage battery 14 stored in the storage unit (not shown) of the storage battery control unit 18. It is a figure which shows an example of a setting clear selection screen. The user operates the up and down keys to select “Yes” or “No”, and inputs a decision as to whether or not to clear the setting item with the decision key.

4 (b) is a diagram showing an example of a screen power supply of the commercial power supply 24 to set the power failure secure storage capacity P _F to be secured to the battery 14 in case of stopping. The power storage allowance _{P M} of the storage battery 14 in the embodiment is 15 kWh, the user is able to set a value, for example 1kWh increments of between 5kWh to 14KWh.

  FIG.4 (c) is a figure which shows an example of the screen which sets a discharge time slot | zone and discharge amount. The discharge time zone input in the second setting unit 42 is divided at predetermined time intervals. Here, the “predetermined time interval” is a discharge amount setting reference interval that is divided in order to enable various peak shift settings, and may be determined experimentally in consideration of an assumed peak shift setting and the like. Is, for example, one hour interval. The display unit 38 displays a setting screen for one discharge amount setting reference interval on one screen. Since the discharge time zone and the discharge amount are set in units of one day, when the discharge amount setting reference interval is 1 hour, the display unit 38 displays 24 screens for 24 hours.

  FIG. 4C illustrates a screen for setting the charge / discharge amount at 21:00. The user can input power to be discharged to the storage battery 14 by 0.5 kWh by operating the left and right keys. In addition, when charging the storage battery 14, the display unit 38 displays “CHARGE” and does not display a specific numerical value of the charged amount. This is because the specific charged amount is determined by the above equation (2).

  The storage battery 14 is assumed to have a product life in a charge / discharge cycle. Therefore, for example, if the setting of repeating charging and discharging many times within one day is allowed, the life cycle of the storage battery 14 may be shortened. Therefore, the charging may not be selected except for one set period within a predetermined period, and the setting from 23:00 to 0:00 on the next day is also possible. Here, the “predetermined one period” is a period serving as a reference unit for determining whether or not to allow the storage battery 14 to be charged, and may be determined by experiment according to the type of the storage battery 14 or the like. For example, 24 hours. The third setting unit 44 inputs one continuous period of 24 hours as a charging time zone. Thereby, the charging / discharging cycle of the storage battery 14 is restricted, and it is possible to suppress the consumption of the storage battery 14 before reaching the lifetime assumed for the storage battery 14 at the time of design. On the other hand, if charging of the storage battery 14 is limited to once per day (24 hours), even if the discharge is divided into a plurality of time zones, the total charge / discharge amount per day does not change, so the life is not affected. Therefore, it becomes possible to set the time zone finely according to fluctuations in demand.

The control unit 34 also displays on the display unit 38 the discharge amount _PT that can be used for the daily peak shift. In the example shown in FIG. 4C, the discharge amount _PT that can be used for the daily peak shift is shown as “TOTAL”. Here available peak shifts daily discharge amount P _T is the difference P _M -P _F power storage allowance P _M and the power failure secure storage capacity P _F. The control unit 34 also, for each discharge amount setting reference interval, the difference P _REST also display portion of the discharge amount and the P _T available for peak shift, and the total amount P _A of power second setting unit has already entered the day 38. That is,
_{P REST = P T -P A =} P M - (P F + P A) (3)
It is.

In Formula (3), if P _M <(P _F + P _A ), P _REST has a negative value, and the display unit 38 displays the negative value as it is. In this case, it means that the storage battery 13 cannot discharge as set.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of a charging / discharging time zone and discharge amount input screen of the storage battery 14 by each unit in the setting unit 32. FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating an example of a notification screen when the setting of the charge / discharge pattern of the storage battery 14 is incomplete. Inadequate setting of the charge / discharge pattern is, for example, when there is no setting for discharging despite the setting for charging the storage battery 14, or when there is no setting for charging despite the setting for discharging the storage battery 14. In the case where the above-mentioned P _REST is a negative value, the storage battery 14 is charged for a short period (for example, 1 hour).

  FIG. 5A illustrates a screen for notifying a warning when there is no setting for discharging despite the setting for charging the storage battery 14. The user can reset the charge / discharge pattern by operating the up / down keys or can maintain the setting as it is. FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an example of a screen for confirming whether or not the setting of the charge / discharge pattern of the storage battery 14 is reflected. The user can select and decide whether to reflect the setting of the charge / discharge pattern with the up and down keys.

  FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen for confirming whether or not to restart the storage battery control unit 18. The charge / discharge pattern of the storage battery 14 is reflected after the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted. Therefore, in order to reflect the change of the charge / discharge pattern of the storage battery 14 at the end of the transition of the charge / discharge pattern setting screen, the display unit 38 displays a screen for informing the user to restart the storage battery control unit 18. The user can select and decide whether or not to restart the storage battery control unit 18 with the up and down keys.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of fluctuation of the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 in one day. As described above, the power distribution system 100 according to the present embodiment connects the solar cell 10 in parallel with the commercial power source 24, supplies power from both the commercial power source 24 and the solar cell 10 to the load 26, and stores the storage battery 14. It is a charging system. FIG. 6A shows the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 when the storage battery 14 is not discharged for peak shift and the bidirectional power conditioner 16 is operated as a pseudo conventional solar battery power conditioner. It is a figure which illustrates the fluctuation | variation of. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), since the storage battery 14 does not discharge for the peak shift, the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is maintained in the power failure secure storage capacity P _F, it does not vary.

FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the variation in the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 when the storage battery 14 is discharged for peak shift. 6 (b), a time _{T 1} is the charge starting time, time _{T 2,} is the charging finishing time. Therefore, a period from time T ₁ to time T ₂ is a charging time zone input to the third setting unit 44. Control unit 34 in the charging time period, for charging the storage battery 14, the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is increased from the power failure secure storage capacity P _F, and reaches the storage capacity P _S for the peak shift in the vicinity of the time T _2.

A period from time T ₃ to time T ₄ and a period from time T ₅ to time T ₆ are discharge time zones input by the second setting unit 42. Since the control unit 34 causes the storage battery to discharge for peak shift in the discharge time zone, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 gradually decreases. At the time T ₄ is the end time of the discharge time zone, power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is reduced at the time to ensure storage capacity P _F power outage.

In the case where the storage battery 14 in the discharge time period the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 has reached the power outage secure storage capacity P _F during the discharge, that is, when the time of securing storage capacity P _F discharge time period and a power failure, the control unit 34, Even during the discharge time period set by the second setting unit 42, the discharge of the storage battery 14 is stopped, and a warning that the storage battery control unit 18 is in an abnormal state is notified to the bidirectional power conditioner 16. The bi-directional power conditioner 16 is also provided with an LCD panel (not shown), and displays in a different manner from usual, for example, the backlight is lit red. When the discharge time period ends, the controller 34 ends the abnormality notification to the bidirectional power conditioner 16 and the abnormal state is released. The controller 34 charges the storage battery 14 after the start of the next charging time zone.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing of the storage battery control unit 18 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The process in this flowchart is started when the user sets the charge / discharge pattern of the storage battery 14 using the setting unit 32, for example.

The first setting unit 40 inputs a power failure secure storage capacity _{P F} (S2). The 2nd setting part 42 inputs the discharge time slot | zone discharged to the storage battery 14 for a peak shift, and the 4th setting part 46 permits discharge to the storage battery 14 over the discharge time slot | zone input by the 2nd setting part 42. A discharge amount is input (S4).

The 3rd setting part 44 inputs the charge time slot | zone which charges the electric power of the commercial power supply 24 to the storage battery 14 (S6). Control unit 34, using equation (2) above, is obtained by calculating the power storage amount _{P m} to charge the storage battery 14 (S8). Control unit 34 compares the acquired magnitude relationship between power storage allowance P _M of the charged amount P _m and the storage battery 14. When the charged amount P _m > the allowed storage amount P _M (Y in S10), the control unit 34 sets the charged amount P _m to the allowed storage amount P _M (S12). For storage amount _{P m} ≦ power storage allowance _{P M} (S10 of N), the control unit 34 sets the calculated storage amount _{P m} as a storage amount _{P m.} When the control unit 34 sets the storage amount P _m, processing in this flowchart is terminated.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of the discharge time zone and discharge amount input processing by the second setting unit 42 and the fourth setting unit 46, and is a diagram illustrating in detail the process of step S4 in FIG.

  The second setting unit 42 sets an initial value of the discharge time zone (S14). When dividing 24 hours a day by the discharge amount setting reference interval every hour, 24 divisions from 0:00 to 23:00 are made. For example, the second setting unit 42 sets 7 o'clock as the initial value of the discharge time zone.

The 4th setting part 46 acquires and inputs the discharge amount of the storage battery 14 in the discharge amount setting reference | standard interval which the 2nd setting part 42 set from the user (S16). The control unit 34 displays the remaining capacity _PREST of the storage battery 14 calculated using the above formula (3) on the display unit 38 (S18).

  When the setting in all the discharge time zones has not been completed (N in S20), the second setting unit 42 updates the time zone in which the discharge amount is set (S22), and returns to the process of step S16. When the setting in all the discharge time zones is completed (Y in S20), the control unit 34 displays a confirmation notification that prompts the user to restart the storage battery control unit 18 (S24), and the processing in this flowchart is as follows. finish.

(Set constant current charge rate and charge pattern)
Next, the charging rate of the storage battery 14 in the charging time zone input by the third setting unit will be described.

  As described above, the control unit 34 sets a charge / discharge pattern for charging / discharging the storage battery 14, but at this time, the control unit 34 performs constant current charging until the voltage of the storage battery 14 reaches a predetermined upper limit voltage, When the voltage of the storage battery 14 reaches a predetermined upper limit voltage, switching from constant current charging to constant voltage charging is performed, and a charging pattern for fully charging the storage battery 14 is also set by executing constant voltage charging as supplementary charging. To do.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the charge rate _RC setting of the storage battery 14. FIG. 9A shows a case where the charging time period is 3 hours, and the constant current charging is performed when the electric power supplied from the commercial power supply 24 for charging the storage battery 14 and stored in the storage battery 14 is P _1. It is a figure which shows the case where the charge rate of the storage battery 14 is set so that charge may be completed 30 minutes before the end time of a charge time slot | zone, when it is assumed that the storage battery 14 is charged. That is, the control unit 34 secures a predetermined auxiliary charging time zone for performing auxiliary charging by constant voltage charging, and then assumes that constant current charging is performed in all remaining time zones, the storage battery 14 A constant current charging rate _RC for completing charging is determined. Here, the “charge rate R _c ” of the storage battery 14 is a charge amount per unit time supplied to the storage battery 14. In fact the charging time T _C to devote time to charge the storage battery 14, the charging rate R _C is calculated by the following equation (4).
_{R C = P 1 / T C} (4)
In the example shown in FIG. 9A, when it is assumed that constant current charging is performed so that charging is completed 30 minutes before the end time of the charging time zone, the charging time for completing the charging of the storage battery 14 T _C is a 3.0-0.5 = 2.5 hours.

If the current storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is sufficiently smaller than the power storage allowable amount P _M, the control unit 34 is charged with a constant current charging. On the other hand, if the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is close to the storage allowance P _M by the power storage to the storage battery 14, from the viewpoint of protection of the storage battery 14, the control unit 34 switches to the constant voltage charging. Here, the constant voltage charge may be switched to a constant voltage charge after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the constant current charge. However, after the constant current charge is started, the voltage of the storage battery 14 is determined according to the type of the storage battery 14. When the voltage is reached, it may be switched to constant voltage charging. Here, the “predetermined upper limit voltage” is a charge switching reference voltage that is a determination reference for switching from constant current charging to constant voltage charging when the storage battery 14 is charged. The initial value of the predetermined upper limit voltage may be determined by experiment according to the type of the storage battery 14.

FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating a case where constant voltage charging is performed after the storage battery 14 is subjected to constant current charging. In the example shown in FIG. 9B, as in the example shown in FIG. 9A, the length of the charging time zone is 3 hours, and the power supplied from the commercial power supply 24 to charge the storage battery 14 is it is a P _1. FIG. 9B shows that the control unit 34 switches to the constant voltage charging because the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 has reached a predetermined upper limit voltage at the time of 2 hours after starting the charging of the storage battery 14, and as a result, the end time of the charging time zone. It shows that charging is not completed even 30 minutes before. In this case, the control unit 34 continues to charge the storage battery 14 until the end time of the charging time zone.

When the storage battery 14 is charged at a constant voltage, the time required for charging varies depending on the temperature of the storage battery 14. Specifically, when the temperature of the storage battery 14 is high, the constant voltage charging period may be shorter than when the temperature is low. Therefore, the control unit 34 acquires the temperature of the storage battery 14, and charges the time actually charged for the storage battery 14 according to the acquired temperature before the charging time T _C , that is, the end time of the charging time zone. It is preferable to change whether the charging rate _{RC is} changed. Specific setting value of the charging time T _C in response to the temperature of the battery 14 may be determined by experimentation in light of the nature of the battery 14.

Moreover, as above-mentioned, when the voltage of the storage battery 14 reaches an upper limit voltage, it switches to constant voltage charge. Due to the degree of deterioration of the storage battery 14 or the like, the time required for constant voltage charging may be miscalculated. Therefore further time a margin against charging time T _C that determined by calculation, even switched to constant voltage charging in the course of constant current charging, perform as much as possible supplemental charging to compensate for the amount of charge shortage in the remaining time It becomes possible to do.

  In this way, the control unit 34 determines the charge rate Rc at the time of constant current charging so that the charging is completed 30 minutes before the end time of the charging time zone in preparation for performing constant voltage charging. Thereby, in the second half of the charging of the storage battery 14, even if constant voltage charging that takes longer time to charge than in the case of constant current charging is performed, charging can be completed while reducing the burden on the storage battery 14. it can.

  As described above, the storage battery 14 stores the reserved power storage capacity at the time of power failure that should be secured in preparation for when the power supply of the commercial power supply 24 is stopped, and the peak shift storage capacity to be used for peak shift. Among these, the secured storage capacity at the time of a power failure is used in the event of an emergency such as when the commercial power supply 24 is at a power failure. Therefore, the secured storage capacity at the time of a power failure is always stored in the storage battery 14 during normal times. Therefore, when the storage battery 14 is charged, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is close to the allowable storage capacity when the peak shift storage capacity is charged. Therefore, in order to charge the peak shift storage capacity, the control unit 34 uses a charging pattern for performing constant voltage charging after performing the above-described constant current charging. In addition, the storage capacity secured during a power failure should be stored in the storage battery 14 as soon as possible, and the performance of the storage battery 14 and the power conditioner is independent of the method for determining the charge rate for charging the peak shift storage capacity. Constant current charging is performed using the maximum charging rate allowed by the above. However, even when charging the secured storage capacity at the time of a power failure, depending on the setting method, it may be assumed that the peak shift capacity is reduced and the secured storage capacity at the time of a power failure is charged to near full charge. In such a case, charging may be performed up to the voltage range of constant voltage charging.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of the charging rate setting process for the storage battery 14 in the charging time period, which is performed by the control unit 34 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The processing in this flowchart starts after each unit in the setting unit 32 acquires a charge / discharge pattern input from the user.

From the charge / discharge time zone and the discharge amount input at each unit in the setting unit 32, the control unit 34 obtains a charge time zone to be stored in the storage battery 14 (S26). The control unit 34 secures a predetermined auxiliary charging time zone for performing auxiliary charging, and then calculates the remaining time zone length for charging time T for calculating the constant current charging rate of the storage battery 14. Obtained as _C (S28). The control unit 34 charges the storage battery 14 on the basis of the reserved storage capacity at the time of a power failure, the total amount of power discharged to the storage battery 14 during the discharge time period, and the conversion efficiency when converting the DC power supply to the AC power supply. obtaining the amount _{P 1} (S30).

Control unit 34 obtains by calculating the charge rate _{R C} and a charging time _{T C} storage amount _{P 1} Tokyo (S32). As described above, the control unit 34 sets the charging pattern of the storage battery 14 illustrated in FIG. 9 (S34). When the control unit 34 sets the charging pattern of the storage battery 14, the processing in this flowchart ends.

  In the above description, the case where the control unit 34 in the storage battery control unit 18 sets the charging pattern has been described. However, the upper limit value of the charging voltage of the storage battery 14 can also be set in the bidirectional power conditioner 16. Good. Note that power in the direction from the commercial power supply 24 to the storage battery 14 is a negative number, and power in the direction from the storage battery 14 to the commercial power supply 24 is a positive number.

  During the charging of the storage battery 14, the charging power becomes a negative value. When the charging voltage of the storage battery 14 reaches the upper limit value, the bidirectional power conditioner 16 changes the charging power stepwise to the + side regardless of an instruction from the control unit 34. That is, the bidirectional power conditioner 16 gradually reduces the charging power. Thereby, the charging current of the storage battery 14 gradually decreases, and constant voltage charging can be realized.

(Peak shift and charge / discharge)
The charge pattern for peak shift set by the control unit 34 has been described above. Next, the relationship between the peak shift and the charge / discharge of the storage battery 14 in the power distribution system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention including the solar battery 10 will be described.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between peak shift and charge / discharge according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a change in the daily storage capacity of the storage battery 14 due to the charge / discharge pattern input to the setting unit 32. : Figure 11 (a) - (d), the time _{T 7} is the charge starting time, the time _{T 8} is the charging end time. Therefore, the period from the time T ₇ up to the time T ₈ becomes the charging time period is a charging duration. The time T ₉ are discharge start time, the time T ₁₀ is the discharge end time. Period from time T ₉ up to the time T ₁₀ is the discharge time period is the discharge duration.

FIG. 11 (b) is a diagram showing a time zone during which the storage battery 14 is charged or discharged, and its power. In FIG. 11B, the positive direction on the vertical axis represents the discharge amount of the storage battery 14, and the negative direction represents the charge amount. The storage battery 14 in the charging duration from time T ₇ until the time T ₈ is charged, the storage battery 14 to the discharge duration from time T ₉ up to the time T ₁₀ is discharged.

FIG. 11C is a diagram illustrating an example of fluctuations in the power generation amount of the solar cell 10. In FIG. 11 (c), the even after the end time T ₈ of charging time period, at time T ₁₁ is before the time T ₉ is the start time of the discharge time zone, the power generation of the solar cell 10 is started . Power generation of the solar cell 10 to the time T ₁₂ later than the time T ₁₀ is the end time of the discharge time zone of the storage battery 14 continues.

FIG. 11 (d) is a diagram showing the daily time variation of the power output from the bidirectional power conditioner 16. The bidirectional power conditioner 16 is connected to the storage battery 14 and the solar battery 10. Therefore, when the discharge time zone is set at daytime, the output of the bidirectional power conditioner 16 is the sum of the discharge amount from the storage battery 14 and the power generation amount of the solar battery 10. However, the upper limit value P _PCS is set for the output of the bidirectional power conditioner 16, and power larger than the upper limit value P _PCS cannot be output. In the bidirectional power conditioner 16 according to the present embodiment, the output upper limit value P _PCS is set to 10 kWh, but the specific value of the output upper limit value P _PCS is not limited to this.

As shown in FIG. 11 (d), the discharge of the storage battery 14 is started at the start time T ₉ of the discharge time zone of the storage battery, the power generation amount total bidirectional power of the discharge amount and the solar cell 10 from the storage battery 14 It may occur when the output upper limit value P _PCS of the conditioner 16 is exceeded. FIG. 11 (d) This state indicates a case where continued until the start time T ₁₀ of the discharge time zone of the storage battery. In this case, minute power exceeding the output upper limit value P _PCS of the bidirectional power conditioner 16 indicated by hatching shown in FIG. 11 (d) is not outputted, so that the remaining storage capacity of the storage battery 14 as a result of . In addition, the power consumption of the load 26 may become the output upper limit value of the bidirectional power conditioner 16 so that the power output from the bidirectional power conditioner 16 does not flow backward to the commercial power supply 24. In this case, the smaller one of the power consumption of the load 26 and the output upper limit value P _PCS of the bidirectional power conditioner 16 becomes the output upper limit value of the bidirectional power conditioner 16.

  Therefore, when the control unit 34 controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 14 according to the charging / discharging pattern, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure by the end of the discharge time period included in the charging / discharging pattern. In this case, the charging / discharging of the storage battery 14 is controlled with a temporary pattern different from the charging / discharging pattern set by the setting unit 32. Specifically, the control unit 34 causes the storage battery 14 to discharge even when it is not in the discharge time zone in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32, or by adjusting the charge amount at the next charge, etc. Then, the amount of charge / discharge of the storage battery 14 is changed so as to return to the control by the normal charge / discharge pattern as soon as possible.

  As a specific example of the temporary pattern, the control unit 34, when the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32, the discharge time period You may make the storage battery 14 discharge after completion | finish of. In this case, the control unit 34 discharges the storage battery 14 and supplies power to the load 26 until the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 reaches the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure. Thereby, in the next charging time slot | zone, the control part 34 can return to control by a normal charging / discharging pattern.

  As another example of the temporary pattern, the control unit 34 performs the next charging when the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32. The storage battery 14 may be charged less by the difference between the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 and the storage capacity ensured during a power failure in the time zone. Thus, by canceling the surplus power with the amount of charge in the next charging time zone, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is charged up to the charging capacity for peak shift after the end of the next charging time zone. Can return to normal charge / discharge pattern control.

As yet another example of the temporary pattern, the control unit 34 estimates that the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32. In this case, electric power that is equal to or higher than the discharge capacity by the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32 may be discharged in the discharge time zone. As described above with reference to Expression (3), the setting unit 32 also allows setting of a charge / discharge pattern that discharges a discharge amount that exceeds the discharge amount _PT that can be used for the daily peak shift. If surplus power is generated from the initial schedule, the control unit 34 discharges the storage battery 14 according to a charge / discharge pattern that discharges a discharge amount that exceeds the discharge amount _PT that can be used for the peak shift of the day. You may make it make it.

  As yet another example of the temporary pattern, the control unit 34 estimates that the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32. In such a case, power may be consumed by a load for consuming power during the discharge time period. The load for consuming electric power is, for example, a surplus power remaining in the storage battery 14 such as a heater (not shown) for heating the storage battery 14 or a fan (not shown) for cooling the storage battery 14. It is a load for consuming the expected power.

  Here, the control unit 34 refers to the history of power consumed by the load 26 in the discharge time zone in the past, acquires the total amount of power consumption in the discharge time zone, and assumes that the acquired total amount has been consumed. The storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is compared with the reserved storage capacity during a power failure. As a result of the comparison, when the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is greater than the storage capacity secured during a power failure, the control unit 34 determines that the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32. Estimated to be larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a time variation pattern of power consumption in the load 26. FIG. 12 is a graph with time on the horizontal axis and power consumption of the load 26 at each time on the vertical axis. When the control unit 34 uses a time variation pattern to estimate that the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit 32 The power fluctuation time variation pattern of the load 26 may be stored in a storage unit (not shown) in the control unit 34.

  As described above, the control unit 34 determines whether or not power can be consumed until the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 reaches the reserved storage capacity at the time of a power failure in the discharge time zone. Power to the load for consuming power. As a result, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 becomes the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure after the end of the discharge time zone, so that the control unit 34 can return to the normal charge / discharge pattern control after the end of the charge time zone.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of charge / discharge processing during peak shift of the control unit 34 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The processing in this flowchart starts after each unit in the setting unit 32 acquires a charge / discharge pattern input from the user.

  The control part 34 sets the charging / discharging pattern of the storage battery 14 from the information regarding the charging / discharging pattern which each part in the setting part 32 acquired (S36). The controller 34 checks the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern (S38). When the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 at the end of the discharge time zone is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure (Y in S40), the control unit 34 temporarily sets a temporary discharge pattern instead of the set charge / discharge pattern. (S42). When the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 at the end of the discharge time period is less than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure (N in S40), the control unit 34 maintains the original charge / discharge pattern without setting the temporary discharge pattern. .

(Operation after changing the charge / discharge pattern setting)
Then, the operation | movement of the storage battery control part 18 after changing a charging / discharging pattern is demonstrated.

  As described above, the charge / discharge pattern of the storage battery 14 is reflected after the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted. Until the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted, the charge / discharge pattern before the setting change is maintained.

  The storage capacity secured during a power failure should be secured in the storage battery 14 in case the power supply of the commercial power supply 24 is stopped. Therefore, when the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted after the value of the reserved storage capacity at the time of a power failure is changed and the setting change is reflected, the control unit 34 has the changed new input to the first setting unit 40 It is compared whether or not the storage capacity secured during a power failure is larger than the storage capacity of the storage battery 14. When the storage capacity secured at the time of the power failure after the change is larger than the storage capacity of the storage battery 14, the control unit 34 secures at the time of the power failure after the change regardless of whether or not it is the charging time zone input by the third setting unit 44. The storage battery 14 is charged until the storage capacity is reached.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the change in the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 before and after the setting change of the charge / discharge pattern. In FIG. 14, when the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted at time T <b> ₁₃ and the setting change of the charge / discharge pattern becomes effective, the control unit 34 starts charging the storage battery 14. Thereafter, at time T _14, the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 reaches the increased power outage secure storage capacity P _F after change _'from power failure secure storage capacity P _F before the change. Control unit 34 is to charge the storage battery 14 during the period from time T ₁₃ until the time T _14, this period regardless of whether a charging time period for peak shift contained in the charge-discharge pattern This is the charging period to be executed.

When the storage battery 14 is set not to discharge for peak shift, the control unit 34 returns to normal control when the storage capacity P _F ′ at the time of power failure after the change is reached. When the storage battery 14 discharges for peak shift, the control unit 34 sets the peak shift for the storage battery 14 when the start time of the first charging time zone is reached after reaching the storage capacity P _F ′ secured at the time of power failure after the change. Start charging. The controller 34 does not charge / discharge the storage battery 14 until the start time of the charging start time zone is reached after reaching the secured storage capacity P _F ′ at the time of the power failure after the change. For this reason, it is preferable to restart the storage battery control unit 18 at a time sufficiently before the charge start time after the setting change, for example, two hours before the charge start time after the charge / discharge pattern setting change.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating another example of the change in the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 before and after the setting change of the charge / discharge pattern, and is a diagram illustrating the change in the storage capacity during charging for peak shift. FIG. 15A is a diagram illustrating an example in a case where the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted at a time sufficiently before the start time of the charge start time zone, and the setting change of the charge / discharge pattern becomes effective. .

Figure 15 (a) - (c), the time T ₁₅ is the time at which the user setting change of the charge and discharge pattern, the time T ₁₉ and the time T ₂₀ is included in the charge and discharge pattern after each setting change It represents the start time and end time of the charging time zone. In FIG. 15 (a), the battery control unit 18 at time T ₁₃ is the restart to charge and discharge pattern setting changes become effective, the control unit 34 immediately starts charging the storage battery 14, at time T ₁₄ of the battery 14 The storage capacity has reached the reserved storage capacity P _F ′ at the time of power failure after the change. Period from time T ₁₅ until the time T _13, because the charge and discharge pattern setting changes are not reflected, the control unit 34 controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery 14 in accordance with charge and discharge pattern before change.

Figure In the example shown in 15 (a), reaches a power outage secure power storage after storage capacity is changed capacity P _F of the storage battery 14 _'at time T ₁₄ before the T ₁₆ is the starting time of the charging start time zone , the period from time _{T 14} until the time _{T 16} the control unit 34 does not perform the charging and discharging of the storage battery 14. Accordingly, the period from time T ₁₄ until the time T ₁₆ is a power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is kept at secure storage capacity P _{F 'after} the change power failure. Becomes a T ₁₆ is the starting time of the charging start time period, the control unit 34 starts charging the storage battery 14, the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 at time T ₁₇ reaches the storage capacity P _m after the change _'.

FIG. 15B also shows another example in the case where the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted at a time sufficiently before the start time of the charge start time zone, and the setting change of the charge / discharge pattern becomes effective. It is. In the example shown in FIG. 15 (b), since the battery control unit 18 is enabled restart charge and discharge were pattern setting changes at time T _18, the period from time T15 until time T18, the control unit 34 Charge / discharge of the storage battery 14 is controlled according to the charge / discharge pattern before the change.

When the setting change of the charge and discharge pattern becomes valid at time T _18, the control unit 34 starts charging the storage battery 14, power failure after the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is changed ensure power storage at the time T ₁₉ volume reached P _{F '} did. Since the time T ₁₉ is earlier than the charging start time T _16, the period from time T ₁₉ until the time T _16, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 is kept at secure storage capacity P _{F 'after} the change blackout It is.

FIG. 15C is a diagram showing another example in the case where the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted immediately before the start time of the charge start time zone, and the setting change of the charge / discharge pattern becomes valid. In the example shown in FIG. 15 (c), the battery control unit 18 at time T ₂₀ immediately before the charging start time T ₁₆ for restarting to charge and discharge pattern setting change became effective, the control unit 34 immediately storage battery 14 Although starts charging, power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 at the time of charging start time T ₁₆ is _'not reach, when secured storage capacity P _{F blackout'} power failure secure storage capacity P _F after the change is below. In this case, the control unit 34 continues the charging of the battery 14 up to the end time T ₁₇ of the charging time period. When it becomes the end time T ₁₇ of the charging time period, even if the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 does not reach the storage capacity P _{m 'after} the change, the control unit 34 stops charging of the battery 14.

Here, the control unit 34, when to be accumulated in the battery 14 when power failure secure storage capacity P _F of the changed _'is greater than the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14, the battery 14 in the charging time period at the charging pattern after the change The battery may be charged at a charge rate different from that for storing electricity. In example FIG. 15 (c), the charge rate from time T ₂₀ until the time T ₂₁ is a high charging rate as compared to the charge rate from time T ₂₁ until the time T _17, the unit The amount of charge of the storage battery 14 per hour is large. Therefore, in FIG. 15 (c), the slope of the graph from the time _{T 20} until the time _{T 21} is greater than the slope of the graph from time _{T 21} until the time _{T 17.} Until the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 reaches the secured storage capacity P _F ′ at the time of the power failure after the change, charging is performed at the maximum charge rate allowed for charging as quickly as possible. This is because the charging in the charging time zone after reaching is performed at the rate determined by the charging rate determination method in the normal charging time zone.

In the example shown in FIG. 15 (c), even if the end time T ₁₇ of the charging time period, the power storage capacity of the storage battery 14 does not reach the storage capacity P _{m 'after} the change, peak shift set by the user Charging capacity for use is not secured. The difference between the end time T ₁₇ later charging time period, since the control unit 34 does not charge the storage battery 14, the power storage capacity and the power failure secure storage capacity P _F of the storage battery 14 at the start time of the discharge time zone _', or peak The storage capacity for shifting is smaller than the discharge amount permitted for the storage battery 14. Even in such a case, the control unit 34 starts discharging the storage battery 14 after the start time of the set discharge time zone. This is because even if the peak shift control as set by the user cannot be performed, the peak shift may be achieved by causing the storage battery 14 to discharge even a little during the discharge time period.

  FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a process flow after the charge / discharge pattern setting change of the control unit 34 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The process in this flowchart starts after the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted after the charge / discharge pattern setting is changed.

The control unit 34 acquires the storage capacity P _F ′ secured at the time of power failure after the change newly input to the first setting unit 40 (S44). The control unit 34 also acquires the changed charging time zone newly input to the third setting unit 44 (S46).

Control unit 34 obtains the current storage capacity _{P C} of the storage battery 14 (S48). If power failure secure storage capacity P _F of the changed _'is greater than the current charge capacity P _C of the storage battery 14 (S50 of Y), the control unit 34, the current time is newly input to the third setting portion 44 Regardless of whether or not it is the changed charging time zone, the storage battery 14 is charged until reaching the reserved storage capacity P _F ′ at the time of the power failure after the change (S52). If power failure secure storage capacity P _F after the change _'is less than or equal to the current storage capacity P _C of the storage battery 14 (S50 of N), the control unit 34 does not any particular process. When power failure secure storage capacity P _F of the modified _'current storage capacity P _C below, or case, the control unit 34 is a power failure ensures storage capacity P _F after the change of the storage battery _14' to charge the battery 14 up to, The processing in this flowchart ends.

Incidentally, as in the example shown in FIG. 15C, it is desirable that the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 does not reach the changed storage capacity P _m ′ even at the end time T ₁₇ of the charging time zone. It is preferable to avoid it. Therefore, the control unit 34 may notify the user of the restart timing of the storage battery control unit 18.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically illustrating a restart timing notification function configuration of the control unit 34 according to the embodiment. The control unit 34 further includes a first calculation unit 48, a second calculation unit 50, and a notification unit 52.

  The first calculation unit 48 charges the storage battery 14 to the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure when the changed storage capacity after the change newly input to the first setting unit 40 is larger than the current storage capacity of the storage battery 14. The charge time required for this is calculated. Specifically, the first calculation unit 48 performs charging required for charging by dividing the difference between the storage capacity secured during a power failure and the current storage capacity by the charge rate for charging the secured storage capacity during the power failure. Calculate time. When the discharge time zone is set between the current time and the charge start time, the first calculation unit 48 determines the storage capacity that is expected immediately before the charge start time in the charge / discharge pattern before the change, that is, the setting. The charging time may be calculated from the difference between the storage capacity substantially equal to the storage capacity secured at the time of the power failure before the change and the storage capacity secured at the time of the power failure after the change.

  The 2nd calculation part 50 calculates the time which should start charge, in order to charge the storage battery 14 to the secured storage capacity at the time of the power failure changed. More specifically, the time before the charging time calculated by the first calculation unit 48 from the start time of the charging time zone input by the third setting unit 44 is calculated. The time calculated by the second calculation unit 50 is a charging start time necessary for starting charging of the storage battery 14 in order to make the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 reach the reserved storage capacity during a power failure. If the charging is not started before the charging start time at the latest, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 does not reach the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure by the start time of the peak shift charging time zone.

  The notification unit 52 notifies the charging start time calculated by the second calculation unit 50. Specifically, the notification unit 52 causes the display unit 38 to display the charging start time calculated by the second calculation unit 50. The notification unit 52 may not only display the charge start time calculated by the second calculation unit 50 on the display unit 38 but also notify the storage battery control device to restart before the charge start time. Thereby, since the user can know the charging start time, it is possible to restart the storage battery control unit 18 with a margin.

  When the charge start time calculated by the second calculator 50 is earlier than the current time, that is, the period from the time when a new power storage capacity at the time of power failure is input to the start time of the peak shift charge time zone is the first. When it is shorter than the charging time calculated by the 1 calculating unit 48, the storage capacity of the storage battery 14 does not reach the reserved storage capacity at the time of the power failure after the change even when the start time of the charging time zone comes. In such a case, the notification unit 52 causes the display unit 38 to display that a sufficient charging time cannot be secured and the secured storage capacity cannot be charged during a power failure by the start time of the charging time zone. The notification unit 52 may further display on the display unit 38 that in this case, the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure should be reduced.

  FIG. 18 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of restart timing notification processing of the storage battery control unit 18 in the control unit 34 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The process in this flowchart starts after the storage battery control unit 18 is restarted after the charge / discharge pattern setting is changed.

  The processing from step S44 to step S50 is the same as the processing shown in FIG.

_'Is larger than the current charge capacity P _C of the storage battery 14 (S50 of Y), the first calculating section 48, when secured storage capacity P _F outage the storage battery _14' during power outages secure storage capacity P _F after the change to the The charging time required for charging is calculated (S54). Based on the charging time calculated by the first calculation unit 48, the second calculation unit 50 calculates a time at which charging should be started in order to charge the storage battery 14 up to the changed secured power storage capacity P _F ′ at the time of power failure. (S56).

The notification unit 52 causes the display unit 38 to display the time at which the charging calculated by the second calculation unit 50 should be started (S60). The notification unit 52 also displays on the display unit 38 that the storage battery control unit 18 should be restarted by the time calculated by the second calculation unit 50 to start charging (S60). Or the notification unit 52 causes the display unit 38 to the effect to be restarting the battery control unit 18, power failure ensures storage capacity P _F after the change _'if the current is less than the power storage capacity P _C of the storage battery 14 (S50 of N) The processing in this flowchart ends.

  As mentioned above, according to the power distribution system 100 which concerns on embodiment of this invention, the technique for managing the storage battery connected in parallel with the commercial power supply can be provided.

  In addition, effective peak shifts can be accommodated with a small number of setting items according to the purpose of use, power consumption patterns, and the like, which are different for each user of the power distribution system 100. In the self-sustained operation, regardless of the setting of the charge / discharge pattern, while the solar cell 10 is generating power, the electric power generated by the solar cell 10 is maintained by using the power to maintain the SOC (State Of Charge) of the storage battery 14. When the amount is small, the storage battery 14 is discharged to the lower limit. As a result, it is possible to increase the power supplied to the first type load 28. Independent operation means that the power distribution system 100 includes the storage battery 14 and the solar battery 10, so that the bidirectional power conditioner 16 operates without depending on the drive frequency of the commercial power supply 24 at the time of a power failure of the commercial power supply 24. .

  The present invention has been described based on the embodiments. This embodiment is an exemplification, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to combinations of the respective constituent elements and processing processes, and such modifications are within the scope of the present invention. is there.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the control unit 34 is installed in the storage battery control unit 18 has been described. However, the control unit 34 is not necessarily installed in the storage battery control unit 18. The installation location of the control unit 34 is flexible. For example, the control unit 34 may be installed in the bidirectional power conditioner 16 or may exist alone.

  The invention according to the present embodiment may be specified by the items described below.

[Item 1-1]
A first setting unit for inputting a secured storage capacity at the time of a power failure to be secured in the storage battery in preparation for the case where the power supply of the commercial power supply is stopped;
A second setting unit for inputting a discharge time zone for discharging the storage battery;
A third setting unit for inputting a charging time zone for charging the storage battery with power from a commercial power source;
A fourth setting unit for inputting a discharge amount permitting the storage battery to discharge over the discharge time period input in the second setting unit;
Based on the total amount of power to be discharged to the storage battery input by the fourth setting unit and the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure input by the first setting unit during the charging time period input by the second setting unit, A storage battery control device comprising: a control unit that acquires an amount of electricity to be charged in the storage battery during a charging time period input by the third setting unit.

[Item 1-2]
Item 3. The storage battery control device according to Item 1-1, wherein the third setting unit inputs one set period as a charging time zone in a predetermined one period.

[Item 1-3]
The second setting unit divides a time zone for discharging the storage battery into a plurality of time zones within a predetermined one period and inputs the time zone as a discharge time zone, and the fourth setting unit inputs the plurality of time periods. The storage battery control device according to item 1-1 or 1-2, wherein power to be discharged to the storage battery is input for each band.

[Item 1-4]
When the second setting unit inputs electric power to be discharged to the storage battery for each of the plurality of time periods, the storage battery allowable amount, the secured storage capacity at the time of power failure input by the first setting unit, and the second Item 4. The storage battery control device according to Item 1-3, further including a display unit that displays a difference from the total amount of power already input by the setting unit.

[Item 1-5]
The control unit causes the storage battery to discharge to a discharge amount permitted by the fourth setting unit during the discharge time period set by the second setting unit, and the storage capacity of the storage battery is determined by the first setting unit during the discharge time period. Items 1-1 to 1 are characterized in that, when the input power storage capacity at the time of power failure is reached, the discharge of the storage battery is stopped and a warning is notified even in the discharge time zone set by the second setting unit. The storage battery control apparatus in any one of -4.

[Item 1-6]
If the acquired storage capacity exceeds the predetermined storage capacity of the storage battery, the control section sets the storage capacity as the storage capacity, according to any one of items 1-1 to 1-5 Storage battery control apparatus of description.

[Item 1-7]
The control unit converts the secured storage capacity at the time of power failure input by the first setting unit, the total amount of power to be discharged to the storage battery during the discharge time period input by the second setting unit, and a DC power source into an AC power source The power storage amount to be charged in the storage battery in the charging time zone input by the third setting unit is acquired based on the conversion efficiency at the time, according to any one of items 1-1 to 1-6 Storage battery control device.

[Item 2-1]
A setting unit for setting a charging / discharging pattern including at least information on a charging time zone for charging the power of the commercial power source to the storage battery and a discharging time zone for discharging the storage battery;
A controller that controls charging / discharging of the storage battery according to the charging / discharging pattern set in the setting unit;
The controller is configured to ensure that the storage capacity of the storage battery is to be ensured when power supply from a commercial power supply is stopped before the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit. When there are more than capacity | capacitances, the storage battery control apparatus which controls charging / discharging of the said storage battery by the temporary pattern different from the charging / discharging pattern which the said setting part set.

[Item 2-2]
The control unit, when the storage capacity of the storage battery is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure at the end of the discharge time zone included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit, after the end of the discharge time zone as a temporary pattern The storage battery control device according to item 2-1, wherein the storage battery is discharged.

[Item 2-3]
When the storage capacity of the storage battery is larger than the reserved storage capacity at the time of power failure at the end of the discharge time zone included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit, the control unit uses the storage battery as a temporary pattern in the next charge time zone. The storage battery control apparatus according to item 2-1, wherein the storage battery is charged with a small amount by the difference between the storage capacity of the battery and the storage capacity secured during a power failure.

[Item 2-4]
When it is estimated that the storage capacity of the storage battery is larger than the reserved storage capacity during a power failure at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit, the control unit performs the discharge as a temporary pattern. Item 2. The storage battery control device according to item 2-1, wherein power is consumed by a load for consuming power in a time zone.

[Item 2-5]
The control unit obtains a total amount of power consumption in the time period with reference to a history of power consumed by the load connected to the control device in the discharge time period in the past, and consumes the acquired total amount. If the storage capacity of the storage battery is greater than the storage capacity secured during a power failure, the storage capacity of the storage battery is greater than the storage capacity secured during a power failure at the end of the discharge time period included in the charge / discharge pattern set by the setting unit. The storage battery control device according to item 2-4, wherein the storage battery control device is estimated to be.

[Item 3-1]
Constant current charging is performed until the voltage of the storage battery reaches a predetermined upper limit voltage. When the voltage of the storage battery reaches the predetermined upper limit voltage, switching from constant current charging to constant voltage charging is performed, and constant voltage charging is performed as auxiliary charging. A control unit for setting a charging pattern for fully charging the storage battery by executing,
An instruction unit for charging the storage battery according to a charging pattern set by the control unit,
The control unit secures a predetermined supplementary charging time zone for supplementary charging, and then assumes a constant current charging in all the remaining time zones, and then a constant current for completing the charging of the storage battery. A storage battery control device that determines a charge rate.

[Item 3-2]
The control unit includes a peak shift power storage among a power storage capacity secured during a power failure and a peak shift power storage capacity to be used for a peak shift when power supply of a commercial power supply in the storage battery is stopped. Item 3. The storage battery control device according to item 3-1, wherein a charge pattern is used to charge power corresponding to the capacity.

[Item 4-1]
A power storage capacity input section secured during a power failure for inputting a power storage capacity secured during a power failure to be secured in the storage battery in preparation for the case where the power supply of the commercial power supply is stopped,
A charging time zone input unit for inputting a charging time zone for charging the power of the commercial power source to the storage battery;
A control unit for charging the storage battery in a charging time zone input by the charging time zone input unit;
The control unit is configured to input the charging time zone input by the charging time zone input unit when the changed storage power storage capacity after the power failure newly input to the power storage capacity input unit after the power failure is larger than the storage capacity of the storage battery. Regardless of whether or not, the storage battery control device charges the storage battery up to the storage capacity secured at the time of power failure after the change.

[Item 4-2]
The control unit starts charging the storage battery before the start time of the charging time zone input by the charging time zone input unit, and the storage capacity of the storage battery is changed when the start time of the charging time zone comes The storage battery control device according to item 4-1, wherein charging of the storage battery is continued until the end time of the charging time zone when the storage capacity is less than the secured storage capacity during a power failure.

[Item 4-3]
The control unit inputs the charging time zone when storing the storage battery when the storage capacity after the power failure after the change newly input to the storage capacity input unit after the power failure is larger than the storage capacity of the storage battery. The storage battery control device according to item 4-1 or 4-2, wherein the storage battery is charged with a charge amount per unit time different from that when the storage battery is charged in the charging time zone input by the unit.

[Item 4-4]
The control unit is charged per unit time when the storage battery stores power when the changed storage power storage capacity after a change newly input to the power storage capacity input unit is larger than the storage capacity of the storage battery. In any one of Items 4-1 to 4-3, the amount is charged as a charge amount per unit time or more when the storage battery is charged in the charging time zone input by the charging time zone input unit. Storage battery control apparatus of description.

[Item 4-5]
A discharge time zone input unit for inputting a discharge time zone for discharging the storage battery;
The control unit is configured such that a difference between a storage capacity of the storage battery at a start time of a discharge time period input by the discharge time period input unit and a reserved storage capacity at the time of a power failure input by the power storage capacity input unit at a power failure is the discharge 5. The storage battery control device according to any one of items 4-1 to 4-4, wherein discharge of the storage battery is started even when the discharge amount is less than that permitted for the storage battery during a time period .

[Item 5-1]
A power storage capacity input section secured during a power failure for inputting a power storage capacity secured during a power failure to be secured in the storage battery in preparation for the case where the power supply of the commercial power supply is stopped,
A charging time zone input unit for inputting a charging time zone for charging the power of the commercial power source to the storage battery;
A control unit for charging the storage battery in a charging time zone input by the charging time zone input unit;
The controller is
When the power storage capacity secured at the time of a power failure after change, which is newly input to the power storage capacity input section at the time of the power failure, is larger than the power storage capacity of the storage battery, the charging time required for charging to the power storage capacity secured at the time of the power failure is calculated A first calculation unit;
Charging for charging that is another charge that should be performed before the start time of the charging time zone input by the charging time zone input unit and that is necessary for the storage capacity of the storage battery to reach the reserved storage capacity during a power failure A second calculation unit for calculating a start time;
The storage battery control device further comprising a notification unit that notifies the charging start time calculated by the second calculation unit.

[Item 5-2]
The secured storage capacity at the time of a power failure after change, which is newly input to the secured storage capacity input unit at the time of a power failure, becomes effective by restarting the storage battery control device,
Item 5. The storage battery control device according to Item 5-1, wherein the notification unit further notifies the user to prompt the restart of the storage battery control device before the charging start time calculated by the second calculation unit.

[Item 5-3]
The notifying unit has a period from a time when a newly secured power storage capacity at power failure is input to the power storage capacity input unit during a power failure to a start time of a charging time zone input to the charging time zone input unit. 2. The storage battery control device according to item 5-1 or 5-2, which notifies that the charging time cannot be secured when the charging time is shorter than the calculated charging time.

[Item 5-4]
The notifying unit has a period from a time when a newly secured power storage capacity at power failure is input to the power storage capacity input unit during a power failure to a start time of a charging time zone input to the charging time zone input unit. 2. The storage battery control device according to item 5-1 or 5-2, wherein, when the charging time is shorter than the calculation time calculated by the calculation unit, the fact that the reserved storage capacity at the time of a power failure should be reduced is notified.

[Item 5-5]
The notifying unit has a period from a time when a newly secured power storage capacity at power failure is input to the power storage capacity input unit during a power failure to a start time of a charging time zone input to the charging time zone input unit. Item 2-5 or 5-2, in which, when the charging time calculated by the 2 calculating unit is shorter, the fact that the charged storage capacity during power failure cannot be charged by the start time of the charging time zone is notified. Storage battery control device.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Solar cell, 12 2nd switch, 13,14 Storage battery, 16 Bidirectional power conditioner, 18 Storage battery control part, 20 1st switch, 22 Power supply selection part, 24 Commercial power supply, 26 Load, 28 1st type load, 30 Second type load, 32 setting unit, 34 control unit, 36 indicating unit, 38 display unit, 40 first setting unit, 42 second setting unit, 44 third setting unit, 46 fourth setting unit, 48 first calculation unit 50 Second calculation unit, 52 Notification unit, 58 First terminal, 60 Second terminal, 66 Distribution path, 100 Distribution system.

Claims (2)

Constant current charging is performed until the voltage of the storage battery reaches a predetermined upper limit voltage. When the voltage of the storage battery reaches the predetermined upper limit voltage, switching from constant current charging to constant voltage charging is performed, and constant voltage charging is performed as auxiliary charging. A control unit for setting a charging pattern for fully charging the storage battery by executing,
An instruction unit for charging the storage battery according to a charging pattern set by the control unit,
The control unit secures a predetermined supplementary charging time zone for supplementary charging, and then assumes a constant current charging in all the remaining time zones, and then a constant current for completing the charging of the storage battery. A storage battery control device that determines a charge rate.   The control unit includes a peak shift power storage among a power storage capacity secured during a power failure and a peak shift power storage capacity to be used for a peak shift when power supply of a commercial power supply in the storage battery is stopped. The storage battery control device according to claim 1, wherein a charge pattern is used to charge power corresponding to the capacity.

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