JP2013151957A - Shift operation device of transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shift operation device capable of preventing a shift lock from occuring in shift operation of a transmission.SOLUTION: A shift operation device of a transmission includes a first fork shaft 1 for realizing a first speed stage 1st and a second speed stage 2nd, a second fork shaft 2 for achieving a reverse stage Rev and a fifth speed stage 5th, a reverse stage fork 3 in which the first fork shaft 1 is movably inserted in the axial direction, engaged with the second fork shaft 2 and moved in the axial direction when the reverse stage Rev is selected, and one-way member 6 which is disposed between first and second grooves 4, 5 of the first and second fork shafts 1, 2, and supported by the reverse stage fork 3 to be movable in the axial direction with the reverse stage fork 3, and which is elastically deformed to be extendable/contractable in the shaft axial direction and compressed from the first and second fork shafts 1, 2 so that reaction force is generated to urge the reverse stage fork 3 to the neutral position side.

Description

  The present invention relates to a shift operation device for a transmission, and more particularly to a shift operation device for a manual transmission, and in particular, a reverse speed fork supported by both a reverse speed and forward speed fork shaft and another fork shaft, and The present invention also relates to a shift operation device for a transmission, which includes a fork shaft for a reverse gear and a forward gear and a one-way member that can be engaged with another fork shaft while being supported by a fork for reverse gear.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a shift operation device for a manual transmission having a gear train of a constantly meshing parallel gear type. This shift operating device has a sleeve member inserted and supported by two fork shafts, and a one-way ball that is built in the sleeve member and can be fitted into grooves formed in the two fork shafts. ing. The one-way ball is formed from a rigid body.

  Further, another type of shift operation device is connected to the first fork shaft for the forward gear, the base that is inserted and supported by the second fork shaft for the reverse gear and the forward gear, and the mechanism for achieving the reverse gear. A reverse-stage fork provided with an end portion, and a one-way pin that is built in the reverse-stage fork and is engageable with first and second grooves formed in the first and second fork shafts, respectively. Have. The first fork shaft is movably inserted into the reverse gear fork, and the second fork shaft is engaged with the reverse gear fork so as to move integrally with the reverse gear fork when the reverse gear is selected. It is inserted.

  5 (A) to 5 (E) are operation diagrams for explaining the function of the shift operation device according to the conventional example having such a reverse-stage fork and a one-way pin (rigid body pin) incorporated therein. is there.

  Referring to FIG. 5 (A), the reverse-stage fork 13 is positioned by contacting the case 18 on the fifth speed side during neutral.

  The first-speed and second-speed fork shaft 11 is formed with a first groove 14 in which the one-way pin 16 can be engaged. The reverse gear and the fifth-speed fork shaft 12 are engaged with the one-way pin 16. A flexible second groove 15 is formed. The one-way pin 16 is a rigid body, and its entire length is constant, one end engages with one of the first and second grooves 14 and 15, and the other end engages with the first and second speed fork shafts 11. And it has the length which is in sliding contact with the other peripheral surface of the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12. That is, the overall length of the one-way pin 16 is shorter than the distance between the first and second grooves 14 and 15 and cannot be engaged with both the first and second grooves 14 and 15 at the same time.

  Referring to FIG. 5B, during the reverse shift, the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 are moved from the neutral position side shown in FIG. 5A to the reverse gear side by the shift operation. The reverse gear fork 13 is urged from the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 via the snap ring 17 and is moved to the reverse gear side. The one-way pin 16 is urged by the reverse-stage fork 13 to engage with the second groove 15 and slidably contact the peripheral surface of the first speed and second speed fork shaft 11.

  Referring to FIG. 5C, when returning from the reverse gear to the neutral position, the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 are shifted toward the neutral side from the reverse gear side in response to the shift operation. The second groove 15 contacts the one-way pin 16 at the first contact point P1. 5D, the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 urge the reverse gear fork 13 via the one-way pin 16 engaged with the second groove 15. To do. The reverse gear fork 13 moves together with the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 together with the one-way pin 16 from the reverse gear side toward the neutral position side.

  Referring to FIG. 5E, the reverse gear fork 13 is stopped at the neutral position by contacting the case 18 at the second contact point P2.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-299895

  6 (A) to 6 (E) are diagrams for explaining problems of the shift operation device shown in FIGS. 5 (A) to 5 (E). FIG. 6 (A) shows the neutral state shown in FIG. 5 (A).

  Referring to FIG. 6B, during the fifth speed shift, the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 are moved to the fifth speed side in response to the shift operation. The one-way pin 16 engages with the first groove 14 and slidably contacts the peripheral surface of the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12. The reverse stage fork 13 remains in the neutral position.

  Referring to FIG. 6C, when returning from the fifth speed to the neutral position, the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 are shifted from the fifth speed side toward the neutral side in response to the shift operation. The During this movement, the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 may slide with the reverse gear fork 13 and drag the reverse gear fork 13.

  With reference to FIG. 6D, when this dragging occurs, when the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 reach the neutral position, the reverse gear fork 13 is positioned away from the case 18, that is, It shifts to the position shifted from the neutral position to the reverse gear.

  When the shift operation to the second speed is executed in the state of FIG. 6D and the first speed and the second speed fork shaft 11 are moved to the second speed side, FIG. Referring to the one-way pin 16, the one-way pin 16 is sandwiched between the opening edges of the first and second grooves 14, 15, and the squeezing occurs between the one-way pin 16 that is a rigid body and both the fork shafts 11, 12.

  In order to prevent shift malfunction, the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 not related to the second speed are locked by an interlock mechanism or a detent mechanism. Therefore, the first speed and second speed fork shaft 11 engaged with the reverse gear and the fifth speed fork shaft 12 via the one-way pin 16 cannot move to the second speed side, and the second speed A state where shifting to high speed is impossible, that is, shift lock occurs.

  Since the one-way pin 16 is a rigid body and cannot be deformed, a reaction force that pushes the reverse-stage fork back to the neutral position cannot be generated, and the one-way pin 16 itself can eliminate the shift lock. Can not.

  It is an object of the present invention to allow the reverse speed and forward speed fork shafts to selectively engage with the reverse speed fork and shift integrally with the reverse speed fork and the one-way member when shifting to the reverse speed. When shifting to the forward gear, the one-way member is retracted, and the fork shaft for the reverse gear and the forward gear moves separately from the one-way member and the reverse gear fork. In the above, it is to provide a shift operation device in which the occurrence of shift lock is prevented.

  In the first aspect, the present invention includes a first fork shaft that moves in the axial direction to achieve the first and second forward stages, and a reverse stage and a third forward stage that move in the axial direction. In a transmission in which a predetermined gear stage is realized by moving a selected fork shaft in the axial direction by a shift operation among a plurality of fork shafts including at least a second fork shaft to be realized The first fork shaft is supported by the first and second fork shafts, and the first fork shaft is movably inserted in the axial direction. When the reverse gear is selected, the first fork shaft is directly or indirectly engaged with the second fork shaft. A reverse-stage fork that moves in the axial direction, a first groove formed in the first fork shaft, a second groove formed in the second fork shaft, and the reverse-stage fork F And is disposed between the first and second fork shafts in the radial direction so as to be movable in the axial direction together with the reverse-stage fork, and is elastically deformed to expand and contract in the radial direction. Elongate, engage freely with both the first and second grooves, shrink, engage with one of the first and second grooves, and the first and second grooves One way that is slidable with the other peripheral surface of the fork shafts 2 and that generates a reaction force that is compressed from the first and second fork shafts and biases the reverse-stage fork toward the neutral position. And a shift operation device for a transmission including the member.

  According to the shift operation device for a transmission according to the present invention, when shifting to the reverse gear, the second fork shaft for the reverse gear and the third forward gear is selectively engaged with the reverse gear fork, When the reverse fork and the one-way member move together and return from the reverse gear to the neutral position, the second fork shaft is used for the reverse gear via the one-way member engaged with the second groove. The one-way member is engaged with the fork selectively, moves integrally with the one-way member and the reverse-stage fork, and when the shift to the third forward-stage is performed, the one-way member is formed on the second fork shaft. Retracting from the groove, the second fork shaft moves separately from the one-way member and the reverse gear fork.

  Specifically, when shifting to the third forward stage, the second fork shaft moves to the third forward stage side, and the one-way member is used for the first and second forward stages. It engages with the first groove on the shaft and slides with the peripheral surface of the second fork shaft. Subsequently, when shifting from the third forward gear to the first or second forward gear through the neutral position, the second fork is slid with the reverse gear fork while the second fork shaft is returning. When dragged, the reverse gear fork may be displaced from the neutral position, and the one-way member may be engaged with the second groove in addition to the first groove.

  At this time, the first fork shaft is locked to the second fork shaft via the one-way member, and the second fork shaft is interlocked to prevent shift malfunction. If it is a rigid body, the first fork shaft cannot move and a shift lock occurs.

  However, the one-way member of the present invention, which is elastically deformable or expandable as a whole, is compressed from the first and second fork shafts between the first and second fork shafts or between the first and second grooves. A reaction force that urges the reverse-stage fork toward the neutral position is generated. By this reaction force, the reverse gear fork is pushed back to the neutral position. As a result, the shift lock generated when the first and second fork shafts are integrated via the one-way member is eliminated, and the shift to the first or second forward stage is allowed.

  In summary, even if a phenomenon occurs in which the second fork shaft for the reverse gear and the third forward gear drags the fork for the reverse gear, or the one-way member is engaged with both the first and second grooves. Even if the phenomenon in which the reverse-stage fork is further dragged occurs, the one-way member is, for example, between the first groove and the second fork shaft peripheral surface, or between the first and second grooves, When the first and second fork shafts are compressed and elastically deformed, a restoring force is generated on the one-way member so as to extend the one-way member, and the reverse-stage fork is urged toward the neutral position by the restoring force. Force is generated. The reverse-stage fork receives the reaction force and is returned to the neutral position, and the one-way member can engage with the second groove and slide with the first fork shaft. Shifting to the first or second forward stage by movement of one fork shaft is possible.

  The one-way member can be configured with a simple structure in which a one-way pin formed from a conventional rigid body is divided into a plurality of parts and a spring is disposed between the plurality of parts. Further, according to the present invention, the shift lock can be prevented at low cost only by changing the one-way member.

1 is an overall view showing a main part of a shift operation device for a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. (A) And (B) is a component drawing of the one-way member shown in FIG. (A)-(E) are the 1st operation | movement diagrams of the shift operation apparatus shown in FIG. (A)-(F) are the 2nd operation | movement diagrams of the shift operation apparatus shown in FIG. (A)-(E) are operation | movement diagrams for demonstrating the basic function of the shift operation apparatus of the conventional manual transmission. (A)-(E) are operation | movement diagrams for demonstrating the problem of the shift operation apparatus shown to FIG. 5 (A) etc. FIG.

  A shift operation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a fork shaft for a reverse gear and a forward gear, and a fork for reverse gear supported by both the fork shaft for the reverse gear and the forward gear and another fork shaft. And a one-way member that is supported by the reverse-stage fork and that can be engaged with the reverse-stage and forward-stage fork shafts and other fork shafts. At the time of shifting to the stage, it selectively engages with the reverse stage fork and moves integrally with the reverse stage fork and the one-way member, and at the time of shifting to the forward stage, the one-way member is retracted and the one-way member And it moves separately from the reverse gear fork.

  In the shift operating device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reverse gear and the predetermined forward gear are achieved by movement of one fork shaft, and the reverse fork and the predetermined forward gear are connected to the single fork shaft. The fork for supporting the fork is connected to a selective sliding synchronization mechanism for the reverse stage, and a predetermined forward fork is always connected to the sleeve of the meshing synchronization mechanism.

  The shift operation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first slope formed in the first groove so as to face the neutral position side, and a neutral position side in the second groove. And a second slope formed to face the surface. The first and second slopes abut against the one-way member to be extended to urge the one-way member toward the neutral position.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the one-way member includes a first engagement portion that is engageable with the first groove, a second engagement portion that is engageable with the second groove, A spring for elastically connecting the first and second engaging portions. This one-way member has a structure that can be configured simply and inexpensively, and a predetermined effect can be achieved by simply replacing the one-way member with a conventional rigid one-way member.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the one-way member includes a stopper that engages with the spring in the axial direction so that the one-way member expands and contracts in the radial direction. According to this aspect, the stopper guides the expansion and contraction of the one-way member along the radial direction of the fork shaft, thereby generating the reaction force that urges the one-way member toward the neutral position side along the axial direction of the fork shaft. Becomes larger.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first forward speed is a first speed, the second forward speed is a second speed, and the third forward speed is a fifth speed.

  The one-way member according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is formed in a pin shape or a ball shape as a whole.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a main part of a shift operation device for a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2A and 2B are component diagrams of the one-way member shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3A is an operation diagram showing a neutral state of the shift operation device shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 1, in a transmission to which a shift operating device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, the first speed 1st and the second speed 2nd (first and second forward speeds) are moved in the axial direction. A plurality of forks including at least a first fork shaft 1 that realizes a second forward fork shaft 1 that moves in the axial direction to achieve a reverse gear Rev and a fifth speed (third forward gear) 5th. Of the shafts 1, 2,..., The fork shafts 1, 2,... Selected by the select operation move in the axial direction by the shift operation, so that the predetermined gears 1st, 2nd,. Rev is realized. On the first and second fork shafts 1 and 2, there are formed heads 1a and 2a, respectively, to which an inner lever (not shown) that swings in response to a select and shift operation can be engaged.

  Referring to FIG. 1 or FIG. 3 (A), a shift operating device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a reverse gear fork 3 supported by first and second fork shafts 1 and 2, and a reverse gear. And a one-way member 6 supported by the fork 3. The reverse gear fork 3 can be connected to, for example, a selective sliding idler gear, and in some cases, can be connected to a sleeve of a constantly meshing synchronization device. In addition, a fifth speed fork (not shown) provided on the second fork shaft 2 can be connected to a sleeve of a constantly meshing synchronization device.

  First and second fork shafts 1 and 2 are inserted through the reverse-stage fork 3 so as to be movable in the axial direction. In particular, when the reverse gear Rev is selected, the second fork shaft 2 is directly or indirectly engaged with the reverse gear fork 3 and integrally moves in the axial direction.

  The first fork shaft 1 is formed with a first groove 4 in which one end of the one-way member 6 can be engaged. The second fork shaft 2 has a second groove in which the other end of the one-way member 6 can be engaged. The groove 5 is formed.

  Referring to FIGS. 2 (A), 2 (B), and 3 (A), the first and second fork shafts 1 are configured such that the one-way member 6 is movable in the axial direction together with the reverse-stage fork 3. , 2 between the radial directions. Furthermore, the one-way member 6 is elastically deformed and can expand and contract in the radial direction. The one-way member 6 extends to be engageable with both the first and second grooves 4 and 5. The one-way member 6 contracts and engages with one of the first and second grooves 4 and 5 and is slidable with the other peripheral surface of the first and second fork shafts 1 and 2. It is. When the one-way member 6 extends, it receives a compressive force from the first and second fork shafts 1 and 2 and generates a reaction force that urges the reverse-stage fork 3 toward the neutral position.

  First and second inclined surfaces 4a and 5a are formed in the first and second grooves 4 and 5, respectively, so as to face the neutral position side. The first and second inclined surfaces 4a and 5a abut against the one-way member 6 to be extended, and urge the one-way member 6 toward the neutral position.

  The one-way member 6 includes a first engagement portion 6 a that can be engaged with the first groove 4, a second engagement portion 6 b that can be engaged with the second groove 5, and first and second engagement members. And a spring 6c that elastically connects the joint portions 6a and 6b. Further, the one-way member 6 includes a stopper 6d that engages with the spring 6c in the axial direction so that the one-way member 6 expands and contracts in the radial direction.

  A snap ring 7 is locked on the second fork shaft 2 on the fifth speed 5th side of the reverse speed fork 3. The side surface on the reverse speed Rev side of the snap ring 7 faces the side surface on the 5th side of the reverse speed fork 3, and when the reverse speed fork 3 is in the neutral position, both side surfaces can come into contact with each other. The neutral position of the reverse-stage fork 3 is such that the shift operation device is accommodated and the case 8 that supports the first and second fork shafts 1, 2 and the like so as to be movable in the axial direction is arranged in the second position. It is set by the contact of the side surface on the fifth speed 5th side.

  The functions of the shift operation device for a transmission according to one embodiment of the present invention described above, particularly the functions at the time of reverse shift and return, and at the time of fifth shift and return will be described.

[Shift from dual position to reverse Rev and return]
FIGS. 3A to 3E are first operation diagrams of the shift operation device shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 3A, at the neutral time, the reverse fork 3 is positioned by contacting the case 8 on the fifth speed 5th side.

  Referring to FIG. 3B, at the time of reverse gear Rev shift, the second fork shaft 2 is moved from the neutral position side shown in FIG. 3A to the reverse gear Rev side by the shift operation. The reverse gear fork 3 is urged from the second fork shaft 2 via the snap ring 7 and moved to the reverse gear Rev side. The one-way member 6 is urged by the reverse-stage fork 3 to engage with the second groove 5 and slidably contact the peripheral surface of the first fork shaft 1.

  Referring to FIG. 3C, when returning from the reverse gear Rev to the neutral position, the second fork shaft 2 is shifted from the reverse gear Rev side toward the neutral side in response to the shift operation. The 2nd slope 5a with which the 2nd groove | channel 5 is provided contacts the one-way member 6 at the 1st contact point P1. By this contact, the one-way member 6 is applied with a component force in the downward direction in the figure and a component force in the neutral direction in order to compress the one-way member 6.

  3D, the stopper 6d built in the one-way member 6 extends and contracts the spring 6c or the one-way member 6 along the radial direction of the first and second fork shafts 1 and 2. Thus, the one-way member 6 moves to the neutral position side along the axial direction of the first and second fork shafts 1 and 2 as a whole. As the one-way member 6 moves, the reverse gear fork 3 is urged toward the neutral position. Thus, the second fork shaft 2 biases the reverse-stage fork 3 via the one-way member 6 engaged with the second groove 5. As a result, the reverse gear fork 3 moves together with the one-way member 6 integrally with the second fork shaft 2 from the reverse gear Rev side toward the neutral position.

  Referring to FIG. 3E, the reverse gear fork 3 is stopped at the neutral position by contacting the case 8 at the second contact point P2.

[Shift from dual position to fifth speed 5th and return]
FIG. 4A to FIG. 4F are second operation diagrams of the shift operation device shown in FIG. FIG. 4A shows the neutral state shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 4B, at the time of the fifth speed 5th shift, the second fork shaft 2 is moved to the fifth speed 5th side in response to the shift operation. The one-way member 6 engages with the first groove 4 and is in sliding contact with the peripheral surface of the second fork shaft 2. The reverse gear fork 3 remains in the neutral position.

  Referring to FIG. 4C, when returning from the fifth speed 5th to the neutral position, the second fork shaft 2 is moved from the fifth speed 5th side toward the neutral position side in response to a shift operation. . Referring to FIG. 4D, the one-way member 6 is in contact with the first inclined surface 4a included in the first groove 4. By this contact, a component force in the upward direction in the figure and a component force in the neutral direction are applied to the one-way member 6 in order to compress the one-way member 6. Due to the component force in the neutral direction, the reverse-stage fork 3 is subjected to a reaction force that urges it to the neutral position side. In some cases, the second fork shaft 2 may slide against the reverse gear fork 3 against the reaction force and drag the reverse gear fork 3.

  Referring to FIG. 4E, when this drag occurs, the second fork shaft 2 reaches the neutral position, and the one-way member 6 is engaged with both the first and second grooves 4 and 5. The reverse speed fork 3 is shifted to a position away from the case 8, that is, a position shifted from the neutral position to the reverse speed Rev side.

  4 (E) to 4 (F), however, the one-way member 6 comes into contact with both the first and second inclined surfaces 4a and 5a, thereby causing the first and second fork shafts 1 to be in contact with each other. , 2 to generate a large reaction force that urges the reverse-stage fork 3 toward the neutral position. Due to this reaction force, the reverse gear fork 3 is pushed back to the neutral position. As a result, the shift lock generated by integrating the first and second fork shafts 1 and 2 via the one-way member 6 is eliminated, and the shift to the second speed 2nd is allowed.

  The present invention is suitably used for a transmission, in particular, a manual transmission and a shift operation device for a transmission driven by an actuator or the like based on the manual transmission.

1 First fork shaft (first speed and second speed fork shaft)
1a Head 2 Second fork shaft (for reverse gear and fifth speed fork shaft)
2a head 3 reverse stage fork 4 first groove 4a first slope 5 second groove 5a second slope 6 one-way member (one-way pin)
6a 1st engaging part 6b 2nd engaging part 6c Spring 6d Convex part (stopper)
7 Snap ring 8 Case

Claims (5)

A first fork shaft that moves in the axial direction to achieve the first and second forward stages; and a second fork shaft that moves in the axial direction to realize the reverse stage and the third forward stage. In a transmission in which a predetermined shift stage is realized by moving the selected fork shaft in the axial direction by a shift operation among a plurality of fork shafts including at least
The first fork shaft is supported by the first and second fork shafts, and the first fork shaft is movably inserted in the axial direction. When the reverse gear is selected, the first fork shaft is directly or indirectly engaged with the second fork shaft. A reverse-stage fork that moves in the axial direction
A first groove formed in the first fork shaft;
A second groove formed in the second fork shaft;
It is supported by the reverse-stage fork, and is disposed between the radial directions of the first and second fork shafts so as to be movable in the axial direction together with the reverse-stage fork. It can be expanded and contracted, can be extended, can be engaged with both the first and second grooves, can be contracted, can be engaged with either one of the first and second grooves, and the first A reaction force that is slidable with the other peripheral surface of the first and second fork shafts and that is compressed from the first and second fork shafts and biases the reverse-stage fork to the neutral position side. A generated one-way member;
A shift operation device for a transmission, comprising: A first slope formed in the first groove facing the neutral position;
A second slope formed in the second groove so as to face the neutral position;
Have
2. The shift operation device for a transmission according to claim 1, wherein the first and second inclined surfaces abut against the one-way member to be extended to urge the one-way member toward the neutral position. . The one-way member is
A first engaging portion that is freely engageable with the first groove;
A second engaging portion that is freely engageable with the second groove;
A spring for elastically connecting the first and second engaging portions;
The shift operation device for a transmission according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising:   4. The shift operation device for a transmission according to claim 3, wherein the one-way member includes a stopper that engages with the spring in the axial direction so that the one-way member expands and contracts in the radial direction.   The first forward speed is a first speed, the second forward speed is a second speed, and the third forward speed is a fifth speed, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Shift operation device of the transmission.

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