JP2012522552A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Retractor

  The present invention relates to a retraction device, in particular a retraction device for drawers, sliding doors or hinged doors or swivel doors or hinged windows or swivel windows, etc., wherein the spring force is applied by a spring. The connecting piece is of a type that is movable between a retracted position and a delivery position. The invention further relates to a method for operating a drawer or the like or a sliding door or a hinged door or a swivel door or a hinged window or a swivel window.

  A retraction device for withdrawal is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 10 2007008688 A1. The known retracting device has a tilting member as a connector or a connecting piece, and the tilting member (swivel member) is moved from the retracted position to the running position against the spring stress when the drawer is opened. It has become. In this case, the tilting member is moved by the accompanying body. When the tilting member reaches the running position, the tilting member disengages from the entrainment body, and the drawer is continuously pulled out by inertia. If the drawer is closed again, the drawer is moved until the entrainment body is caught by the tilting member. Subsequently, a pre-tensioned spring pulls the drawer to the closed position. In this case, in order to prevent a strong collision of the drawer, the pull-in movement is braked using a damper.

  There is a tendency for drawers without handles for aesthetic reasons. However, known drawers with a retracting device hold the drawer in a closed position under the action of a spring, so that it can still not be pulled out without a handle or grip, i.e. it cannot be opened. is there.

  The object of the present invention is to improve the drawer device of the type described at the outset and to enhance the operability of the drawer or equivalent drawer element.

In order to solve the above-described problem, according to the configuration of the present invention, the extrusion device is connected to the connection piece indirectly or directly, and the slide piece of the extrusion device is activated when the extrusion device is operated. It has come to be. The extrusion apparatus, the drawer from a closed position, is caused to travel to the partially extruded parts partial open- position, that is adapted to be moved. In this case, the slide piece becomes effective and the drawer is moved. As a result, the partially opened drawer is, for example, grasped by its front plate and further pulled out to the opened open position.

  In the retracting device according to the present invention, the damper is configured to attenuate or brake the moving motion of the connecting piece from the delivery position to the retracted position, so that a controlled closing motion is obtained. .

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connecting piece is actuated or operated (eg a slit-like guide or guide, guide (guide) when the slide piece is in its delivery position, ie when the slide piece is in its delivery position. ) In the parking position or mooring position using a notch or a guide extension extending substantially perpendicularly to the guide, guide elements guided in the guide). It is movable relative to the connecting piece held at the mooring position.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the slide piece of the extrusion device is movable between the pushing position (running position) and the pushing position (running position) in order to obtain a prescribed movement process of the pushing device. It has become.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to form the pull-in device with a simple and inexpensive structure, the push-out device has a spring element, and the spring element (for example, a coil spring) is inserted into the slide piece in its push-in position. A load (spring force, for example, pressing force) is applied. The spring element is adapted to apply the spring energy of the spring element to the slide piece in the closed position of the drawer during operation of the push-out device. Thereby, the drawer is moved to a partially opened position.

  According to a particularly advantageous form of the invention, the extrusion device has an overstroke mechanism for eliminating or releasing the push-in position, i.e. an over-stroke for allowing the slide piece to move beyond its defined push-in position. It has a mechanism. This makes the retraction device particularly easy to operate. In order to start (start) the operation of the push-out device, the overstroke mechanism is operated by simply pressing the front face of the drawer, for example, corresponding to the configuration of the drawer.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the push-out device has a support and is provided with a control element, in particular a latch, arranged on the support, the control element being able to move the slide piece from the push-out position to the push-in position. In the movement, it becomes effective, that is, the push rod of the extrusion device is locked with respect to the locking portion over a predetermined moving distance or pushing stroke of the slide piece, and the control element or the latch is The slide piece can be moved relative to the other, so that the actuated (released) pushing device is again charged (charged).

  In order to prevent the unintentional start of operation of the push-out device, the slide piece is locked (secured or fixed in position) using a lock piece in the push-in position of the slide piece, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention. ing.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control element of the extrusion device is arranged in a predetermined position from the push-out position of the push-out device to the push-in position when closing the drawer, e.g. It is locked by the element, that is, it prevents (blocks) straight return movement. Reliable operation of the retraction device is ensured by the fact that the control element prevents the pushing-in device from being pushed in at least a partial region of the movement of the connecting piece caused by the spring. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control element includes a lever pivotally attached to the coupling portion or holder of the extrusion device, and a rotatable traveling roller (roller) disposed at the end opposite to the pivotal side of the lever. The running roller cooperates with the control cam of the blocking element or the locking element housed inside the base member of the drawer device, and the locking roller is advantageously coupled It cooperates with the running surface (rolling surface) and the opposing surface of the lock piece or the molded part arranged opposite to the part or the holder.

  The operation of the extrusion device is released when the control element of the extrusion device is moved relative to the support part in the retracted position of the drawer for unlocking the extrusion device, i.e. the engagement with the support part is released. By doing so, it is done.

In a method for operating a drawer (or sliding door or hinged door or swivel door or hinged window or swivel window, etc.), in order to solve the problems of the present invention, according to the structure of the present invention, the closed position of the drawer in the extrusion apparatus is started (operation starting) from the drawer by the extrusion device its closed position, is moved to the section partial open- position partially opened, then, when the drawer of subsequent transfer from part partial open- position, the spring Generates a stress or a tensile force.

In a method for operations such as drawers, the extrusion device is used for easy opening from the closed position of the drawer. If the further drawing out from a drawer a part partial open- position, the drawer movement is used for the generation of stress or tension force of the spring (energy storage), springs, later, the stress upon retraction of the drawer into the closed position It releases, that is, it consumes energy.

To particularly easily implement the above operation process, according to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, during the opening of the drawer from Part partial open- position, connecting pieces, transferred from the retracted position to the extended position, the drawer position In achieving this, the connecting piece is moved to the parking position (spring mooring position), and the connection between the push-out device and the connecting piece is released.

  For the start-up of the push-out device (release or trigger) from the closed position of the drawer or the push-in position of the push-out device, the overstroke mechanism is operated, in particular a simple operation of pull-out without a handle is achieved.

  When the drawer is moved in the direction from the open position or open position of the drawer or partially opened position or partial open position to the closed position, the push-out device is moved from the push-out position (running position) to the push-in position (run-in) The position of the push-out device is moved to the push-in position as the drawer is closed, that is, the return movement of the push-out device to the push-in position is incorporated into the natural movement process of the drawer. Therefore, it is extremely simple, that is, easy to operate without requiring a troublesome additional operation.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the extrusion device is pulled using a spring to the closed position of the drawer and at the same time using a damper in order to loosen the return movement stroke of the extrusion device or the closing process of the drawer. Damped or damped.

For energy storage extrusion apparatus, that is, the spring elements of the extrusion apparatus, for example, for compression of the helical spring, the extrusion device, upon closure of the drawer or the like, is moved toward the both shut-off element and control element. Such a configuration allows for a low configuration cost.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control element is caused to travel on the blocking element inside the furniture outer frame, such a configuration ensures reliable operation and protects the operating part. Furthermore, the user can operate the retracting device accurately and easily with no reproducibility and with reproducibility.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the push-out device is moved from the push-out position to the push-in position just before the connecting piece is pulled by the spring.

  Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.

The pull narrowing device is a cross-sectional view showing one operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device in a different operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position. It is a sectional view showing a pull narrowing device yet another operating position.

  FIG. 1 shows a retracting device, which is used for, for example, a drawer. In other possible embodiments, the retraction device according to the invention is also used for movable building components, such as doors, flaps, hinged doors or revolving doors or revolving windows. The retracting device includes a base member 40 and a casing 10, and the base member (base component) and the casing are attached to a main body or a furniture outer frame (not shown), for example. The pull-in device according to the present invention further has an extrusion device 20, which is attached to a drawer (also not shown).

  The casing 10 includes a screw receiving portion 11.1 for enabling attachment to a building body or a furniture outer frame. Further, the casing 10 has two side walls 11 spaced in parallel to each other, and a guide 11.2 is formed on the side walls. The guide 11.2 has a slit-shaped through part extending in the longitudinal direction of the casing 10, and the through part communicates with a notch part 11.21 having an increased width. The notch 11.21 extends substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slit-shaped through portion of the guide 11.2. The guides 11.2 on both side walls 11 coincide with each other, i.e. align relative to each other, i.e. they are formed mirror-symmetric with respect to each other.

  A damper 12 is accommodated in the casing 10. The damper 12 is formed as a fluid attenuator or a fluid damper, preferably as an air damper. As an advantage of using the air damper, there is no occurrence of liquid leakage at the time of breakage, and there is no possibility of soiling the contents in the drawer. The damper 12 has a cylinder 12.6 and a piston 12.2 received in the cylinder, and the piston 12.2 is in the pushing position (running position) shown in FIG. ) Is moved in the running direction, that is, pulled out. During the return movement (running movement) of the piston 12.2, the piston 12.2 works against the air cushion, and in this case, the air pressure is continuously released. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown, the insert 12.3 located in the end of the cylinder 12.6 is provided with a small opening for continuously releasing and controlling the compressed air. The piston rod 12.1 has a head portion 12.4 at the end of the piston rod opposite to the insert 12.3, the head portion forming a pivot support 12.5. ing. In the swivel support portion 12.5, a connecting piece 13 formed as a swiveling element or a tilting element is rotatably held. The turning movement of the connecting piece 13 is performed around a turning axis extending perpendicularly to the drawing plane of FIG. A spring holder 13.1 is arranged on the connecting piece 13, and the spring holder holds one end of the spring 14. The other end of the spring 14 is hung on the casing side.

  The connecting piece 13 has a trigger 13.2 arranged at a distance from the pivot axis. The connecting piece 13 is further provided with an entraining body 13.4, which is integrally formed with the arm 13.3 via a spring element 13.5. The coupling portion 30 of the extrusion device 20 is detachably coupled to the entrainment body 13.4.

  The connecting portion 30 of the extrusion device 20 forms a releasable joint with the connecting piece 13. For this purpose, the coupling part 30 has a holder 32 and a latch 33 provided on the holder, so that the latch 3 is engaged between the trigger 13.2 and the entrainment 13.4. It has become. Furthermore, a holder 32 holds a control element 35 in the form of a lever via a swivel bearing 34. The control element 35 is provided with a rotatable traveling roller 37 and a rotatable lock roller 38 at a free end opposite to the holder 32. A stopper 36 is integrally formed on the control element 35 between the swivel support portion 34 and the lock roller 38. A support 31 is connected to the holder 32.

  A push bar 24 is held at the end of the support 31 opposite to the holder 32 via a screw coupling portion. For this purpose, the push rod 24 is screwed into the female thread of the support 31 with its male thread 24.1. The push rod 24 holds a locking ring 24.2. The locking ring 24.2 is held in the bearing receiving part of the push rod 24 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. The locking ring 24.1 has a locking element, which is guided in a control cam 23 provided inside a slide piece 21 formed in the shape of a hollow cylinder. The control cam 23 is formed by a groove formed on the inner wall of the slide piece 21. The locking rings 24, 2 of the push rod 24 and the control cam 23 form an overtravel mechanism. The function of the overstroke mechanism corresponds to the function of the knock mechanism of the knock type ballpoint pen. In this case, the push rod 24 corresponds to the knock head of the knock mechanism of the knock type ballpoint pen (also called a ratchet mechanism). To do. A spring element 22 formed by a coil spring is accommodated in the slide piece 21 and guided by the wall of the hollow cylindrical portion so as not to buckle.

  The holder 32 is slidably guided in the linear guide portion 34.1 by a hinge pin forming the swivel support portion. The component that forms the linear guide 34.1 has a molded part 39 that forms an opposing surface 39.1 for the control element 35 and a running surface 39.1. The base member 40 is attached to a furniture outer frame in the illustrated embodiment, and is also referred to as a mounting part or a mounting part, is formed in a U shape in a cross section, and has a fixing portion 41, The fixed portion (attachment portion) includes a hole 43 for screw connection to the furniture outer frame. A wall portion 42 is vertically connected to the fixed portion 41. The wall portion 42, the fixed portion 41, and another wall portion extending parallel to the fixed portion 41 hold the locking surface 46 and the support portion 47 that are integrally formed and extend obliquely. Furthermore, the blocking element 44 is pivotally mounted on the fixed part 41 and is kept in the starting position shown in FIG. 1 by gravity and / or spring elements. The blocking element 44 has two control cams 44.1, 44.2 that are oriented in opposite directions.

  Next, based on FIGS. 1-10, the function of the drawing-in apparatus of this invention is demonstrated in detail.

  FIG. 1 shows the starting position of the retracting device, in which the drawer is in the closed position. The closed position of the drawer or the starting position of the drawer device is a position where the connecting piece 13 is in the retracted position. The overstroke mechanism is in the locking position (lock position), that is, the locking ring 24.2 is locked to the locking addition portion of the control cam 23. A control element 35 having the function of a locking element or a blocking element is kept in the unlocked position by a stopper 35.1 cooperating with the holder 32. For the operation of the overstroke mechanism, the overstroke Ue is introduced in the direction of the original drawer closing movement, for example via the drawer front. The overstroke Ue is transmitted to the slide piece 21 that is screwed to the drawer. Thereby, the slide piece 21 is moved over a slight distance relative to the push rod 24 against the stress or compressive force of the spring element 22 in the direction of the over travel Ue. As a result, the locking position (locking position or fixing position) of the locking ring 24.2 in the control cam 23 is canceled or released, that is, the locking ring 24.2 is lifted from the locking position in the control cam 23. That is, it is moved beyond the locking position and rotated in the circumferential direction to reach the straight section of the control cam 23. In order to carry out the overstroke Ue, the latch 33 is supported by the trigger 13.2.

  Now, when the pushed drawer is removed from the pushing force, the slide piece 21 is moved to its pushed-in position (see FIG. 5) based on the unlocking of the locking coupling portion between the locking ring 24.2 and the control cam 23. 4) is moved to the pushing position (running position), that is, moved. This movement S is effected by a spring element 22 that is under stress in the indented position, ie, compressed in the illustrated embodiment and pressing the slide piece 21.

  FIG. 2 shows the extrusion position. By the above movement (movement), the slide piece 21 and eventually the drawer connected to the slide piece 21 are moved to the first partial open position (FIG. 2).

  When the slide piece 21 moves, the holder 32 and the support 31 coupled to the holder remain stopped, whereas the linear guide 34.1 is moved (to the left in FIG. 1). This moving motion S is limited by using the stopper 36 of the control element 35 so that the stopper abuts against the opposing surface 39.1. The position where the movement movement is restricted is shown in FIG.

When the position shown in FIG. 2 is reached, the drawer is grasped to facilitate manually, partially drawn to another part partial open- position, or becomes to be fully extended to fully open the open position. In this case, the pushing device connected to the drawer is also moved in the opening direction Oe. Since the connecting piece 13 is connected to the latch 33 and thus connected to the pushing device 20, the connecting piece 13 is also moved in the opening direction Oe (see FIG. 3). In this case, the connecting piece 13 is guided by the guide 11.2. The connecting piece 13 entrains the piston rod 12.1 of the damper 12 and consequently moves the piston 12.2. Along with this, a stress is created in the spring, i.e. the spring is pulled or stretched in the illustrated embodiment. In this case, the connecting piece 13 is pulled by the pushing device 20 until the entrainment body 13.4 guided in the guide 11.2 reaches the region of the notch 11.21. The connecting piece 13 is tilted (turned) about the turning shaft 12.5 by the spring 14 acting eccentrically with respect to the turning shaft 12.5, and the entrained body 13.4 is moved into the notch 11.21. Will get into. Thereby, the engagement body 13.4 is disengaged from the holder 32. That is, since the coupling between the push-out device 20 and the connecting piece 13 is released, the drawer is continuously pulled out, that is, started to run as shown in FIG. In this case, the traveling roller 37 rolls on the control cam 44.1 of the locking element 44 to displace the locking element 44, that is, lifts the locking element 44 upward in the direction opposite to the gravity direction. That is, it is made to turn upward. The travel roller 37 passes through the locking element 44, and the locking element 35 leaves the mounting part 40 through the opening 45 of the mounting part 40.

Figure 4 shows another part partial open- position.

  In the case of closing of the drawer (closing direction S), i.e. in the case of a transition of the pushing device combined with the pulling device from the position of FIG. 4 to the position of FIG. Will hit the control cam 44.2 of the blocking element 44 which prevents the travel roller 37 from traveling in the direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the traveling roller 37 moves in the direction opposite to the direction of gravity until the lock roller 38 hits the traveling surface 39.2, that is, rides on the control cam 44.2. . Thereby, the coupling part 30 can no longer move in the closing direction S. As a result, a closing motion S occurs, that is, the push rod 24 is pushed into the slide piece 21, and the spring element 22 then pushes the push rod 24 into its locked position (lock ring 24.2 and control cam). Until it reaches the position defined by (23). Thereby, the pushing device 20 is tightened again, that is, energy is accumulated, and occupies the pushing position of the pushing device itself. In this process, the lock roller 38 rolls on the traveling surface 39.2 toward the end of the traveling surface on the side of the facing surface 39.1, and thus the traveling surface 39.2 and the facing surface 39.2. The vehicle travels beyond the edge 39.3 of the transition between the two.

  In the above process, as shown in FIG. 7, the control element 35 is swung to the blocking position (movement blocking position) of the control element 35 by the traveling roller 37 traveling on the blocking element 44. Thereby, the lock roller 38 is in contact with the opposing surface 39.1 and prevents an unintended release (trigger) from the pushing position of the pushing device, that is, locks.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the latch 33 hits the trigger 13.2 immediately after the pushing device 20 is tightened, and tilts (turns) the trigger about the turning support 12.5. It has become. As a result, the guide element 13.6 of the trigger 13.2 is run out of the notch 11.21 that is an extension of the guide 11.2, and as a result, the connecting piece 13 is released. That is, the guide element 13.6 reaches the area of the slit-like through portion of the guide 11.2, and the spring 14 pulls the connecting piece 13 back to the retracted position. The pull back movement is damped by the damper 12. The latch 33 is pulled or entrained by the entrainment body 13.4 of the connecting piece 13 (see FIG. 8). As a result, the drawer is also automatically pulled to the closed position via the slide piece 21. In the movement process shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the traveling roller 37 travels beyond the support portion 47 provided on the attachment part 40. In the closed position of the drawer, the control element 35 is lowered, i.e. pivoted downward, into the area below the support part 47 by gravity and / or spring action, as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows the retracting device in its starting position, similar to FIG. 1, in which the drawer has been moved to a ready state for a new next opening.

  The casing 10 and the attachment component 40 are generally attached to an outer frame such as furniture. However, it is also conceivable to attach the casing and mounting parts to the drawer. In this case, the extrusion device 20 is disposed in a furniture component that is different from the drawer.

  The device according to the invention may be arranged laterally, ie in the region of one or both drawer walls (drawer side plates) extending in the direction of the drawer movement. The pull-in guide may be a constituent part of the pull-out guide. The apparatus according to the present invention may be disposed below the drawer bottom plate at the center (an intermediate portion between both drawer side plates). In this case, for example, the extrusion device 20 is held on the front drawer plate below the drawer bottom plate. A casing 10 is arranged on the furniture outer frame on the side. The connection between these components is performed using a cross beam or a drawer as a connecting link.

  10 casing, 11 side wall, 11.1 screw receiving part, 11.2 guide, 11.21 notch, 12 damper, 12.2 piston, 12.3 insert, 12.4 head part, 12.5 swivel support Part, 12.6 cylinder, 13 connecting piece, 13.1 spring holder, 13.2 trigger, 13.3 arm, 13.4 entrainment body, 13.5 spring element, 13.6 guide element, 14 spring, 20 extrusion Device, 21 Slide piece, 22 Spring element, 23 Control cam, 24 Push rod, 24.1 Male thread, 24.2 Lock ring, 30 Coupling part, 31 Support body, 32 Holder, 33 Latch, 34 Swivel support, 34 .1 Linear guide, 35 Control element, 36 Stopper, 37 Traveling roller, 38 Lock Roller, 39 molded part or lock piece, 39.1 facing surface, 39.2 running surface, 40 base member, 41 fixed part, 42 wall part, 43 hole, 44 blocking element, 44.1, 44.2 control cam, 45 opening, 46 locking surface, 47 supporting part

Claims (20)

A retraction device, in particular a retraction device for a drawer, a sliding door or a hinged door or the like, comprising a connecting piece (13) adapted to be acted upon by a spring (14), said connecting piece being In the type that is movable between the drawing position and the sending position, the pushing device (20) is indirectly or directly connected to the connecting piece (13). A pull-in device, wherein the slide piece (21) of the push-out device (20) is moved when the push-out device (20) is operated.   2. The retracting device according to claim 1, wherein the damper (12) is adapted to attenuate the movement of the connecting piece (13) from the delivery position to the retracted position.   The connecting piece (13) is held at the parked position by using an operating device (notch (11.21), guide (11.2), entrainment body (13.4)) at the delivery position. The retracting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slide piece (21) is movable relative to the connecting piece (13) in the parking position. The retracting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slide piece (21) is movable between a pushing position and an pushing position .   The extrusion device (20) has a spring element (22), and the spring element (22) applies a load to the slide piece (21) in a pushing position. The retracting device according to claim 1.   The pulling-in device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the push-out device (20) has an overtravel mechanism for eliminating the push-in position. The extrusion device (20) has a support (31), and a latch (33) or a control element (35 ) is effective when the slide piece (21) is moved from the extrusion position to the push-in position. 7. The latch ( 33) or the control element (35 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the slide piece (21) can be moved relative to the support (31). The retractor described.   The pulling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the slide piece (21) is locked using a lock piece (39) in the pushed-in position.   When the drawer is closed, the control element (35) of the push-out device (20) is blocked by a blocking element (44) assembled to the outer frame at a predetermined position from the push-out position to the push-in position of the push-out device (20). 9. The retracting device according to claim 1, wherein the retracting device is locked. The control element (35) is adapted to ensure the pushing position of the pushing device (20) in at least a partial region of the movement of the connecting piece (13) caused by the spring (14). The retracting device described in 1.   11. Retraction device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the control element (35) is movable relative to the support part (47) from a retracted position for unlocking the pusher device (20). A method for operating a drawer or similar things, to start the extrusion apparatus (20) in the closed position of the drawer, the drawer is moved to the section partial open- position from the closed position by the pushing device, then, the unit upon movement of the drawer from the frequency open- position, and wherein the generating the stress in the spring (14), a method for operating the drawer or the like. During the drawer opening from the portion fraction open- position, the connecting piece (13) is moved from the retracted position to the extended position, upon attainment of the pull-out position, the connecting piece (13) is transferred to the parked position The method according to claim 12, wherein the connection between the extrusion device (20) and the connection piece (13) is released.   14. A method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein an overstroke mechanism is operated for starting the extrusion device (20) from the closed position.   15. The pushing device (20) is moved from the pushing position of the pushing device to the pushing position upon movement of the drawer in the direction from the open position or partially opened position towards the closed position. The method of any one of these.   16. The pushing device (20) according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the pushing device (20) is pulled to the closed position of the drawer using the spring (14) and simultaneously braked using a damper (12). Method. The extrusion device (20), upon closure of the drawer or the like, control element (35) and process according to any one of claims 12 to 16 which are moved together toward the blocking element (44).   18. A method as claimed in claim 17, wherein the control element (35) is moved over the blocking element (44) inside an outer frame. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the pushing device (20) is moved from the pushing position to the pushing position immediately before the connecting piece (13) is pulled by the spring (14).   The method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, wherein the method is used in the retracting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.