JP2012202112A - Structure for constructing exterior wall substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for constructing an exterior wall substrate which can obtain a high wall strength magnification even when using a bearing surface material holding an excellent ventilation performance and which has low-cost and excellent workability; and especially to provide the structure for constructing an exterior wall substrate which can have partly high wall strength magnifications in the outer covering reform of a wooden framework house using the bearing surface material as an exterior wall substrate material, so as to increase the degree of freedom in earthquake-resistant design and to facilitate workability of exterior materials such as a ceramic siding after earthquake strengthening.SOLUTION: A reinforcement material for preventing a punching shear is included between a nailhead of a nail which fixes a bearing surface material of a wall that needs a high wall strength magnification in earthquake-resistant design to a structural material, and the bearing surface material.

Description

The present invention relates to a construction structure of an outer wall base for improving the earthquake resistance performance of a house in exterior reform of a wooden frame house.

  Conventionally, as a method of improving the seismic performance of a wooden framed house, there is a structure in which an iron brace material (a brace) or a frame material is attached to the outside of a building and reinforced. However, since this method is an external construction, there is an advantage that construction can be done while living, but braces and frame materials are attached to the outside of the outer wall, so the beauty as a house is It will fall greatly.

On the other hand, the method of improving the seismic performance by performing construction from the inside of the building can be reused leaving the existing outer wall as it is, but the habitability during the construction period will be greatly impaired, and moreover, Despite costly renovation work, quality improvements such as renovating the exterior of a house cannot be achieved.

By the way, when years have passed since the house was built, a mismatch occurs between the resident's lifestyle and the floor plan and interior. Therefore, there is a demand to renovate the interior of the building in accordance with changes in the lifestyles of residents, and there is also a growing demand for exterior renovation to renew the exterior of the building in addition to the interior renovation.
Implementing interior and exterior renovations in conjunction with seismic reinforcement of buildings is desirable in terms of not wasting resources compared to building new buildings.

By the way, as a method of simultaneously improving the seismic performance of a building in accordance with exterior reform in a wooden framed house, a method of using a load bearing face material as an outer wall base material is known.

The method of using this load-bearing face material as the outer wall base material is to remove the existing outer peripheral wall, repair the decay / deterioration of the frame and arrange the joint hardware properly, and then install the load-bearing face material. Is a construction method for finishing ceramic siding. The above construction method is widely known as a construction method capable of simultaneously performing seismic reinforcement and exterior reforming corresponding to various construction specifications.

JP 2010-7454 A JP 2006-28805 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-3676 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-3592

By the way, in a wooden framed house, when remodeling the exterior using a load-bearing face material as the outer wall base material, the difference in the base structure such as the size of the columns, the presence or absence of inter-columns, and auxiliary columns, the general walls, corners Optimal seismic reinforcement is required according to various construction situations of existing buildings, such as the difference in parts such as walls and open walls. The seismic reinforcement for existing buildings will be seismic design for buildings that have already been constructed, so there are many restrictions unlike the seismic design at the time of new construction, and the seismic design is carried out with limited design freedom Must. Therefore, a high wall strength magnification may be required only for some bearing walls.

As a method of increasing the wall strength magnification for some of the bearing walls, the wall strength can be increased by increasing the surface weight of the bearing surface by changing the type of the bearing surface according to the required wall strength magnification. A method of changing the magnification is conceivable. However, the method of partially changing the type of the load bearing member increases the number of the load bearing members and impairs the workability. It is also possible to change the thickness while using the same type of load bearing material, but this method will cause unevenness of the wall base material, and this method also greatly impairs workability. Become.
As a method for increasing the wall strength magnification other than the above method, a method of increasing the number of nails to be fixed to the structural member of the wooden frame house or increasing the thickness of the nail is conceivable. However, increasing the number of nails to be driven increases the possibility of failure in construction due to cracks in the bearing material and structural material. On the other hand, the method of increasing the thickness of the nail increases the risk that the bearing surface material is broken by the nail head, that is, punching shear occurs and the bearing surface material is broken by the nail. In particular, when the specific gravity of the load-bearing face material is low, the risk of destruction increases. As described above, it is not easy to increase the wall strength magnification by increasing the number of nails driven or increasing the thickness of the nail.

By the way, in the performance required as a load-bearing face material, the air permeability for discharging the moisture inside the house to the outside of the house is one of the important performances. Examples of the load bearing surface material having good air permeability include an air-dry specific gravity of 0.6 to 1.0, such as softwood plywood, MDF, volcanic glassy multilayer board, pulp / silicate mixed cement board, and the like. A load-bearing face material with a low specific gravity is known. However, since these bearing members have low specific gravity, the holding power of the nail is low and punching shear is likely to occur, so that it is not easy to obtain a high wall strength magnification.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problems, and in an exterior renovation of a wooden framed house using a load bearing surface material having high ventilation performance as a base material for an outer wall, the degree of freedom of seismic design is high. The purpose is to obtain an outer wall base that facilitates the workability of exterior materials such as ceramic siding after seismic reinforcement.

In order to solve the problems described above,
According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a housing renovation of a wooden framed house that uses a load-bearing face material as an outer wall base material, the wall load-bearing face material that requires a high wall strength magnification is fixed to the structural material by seismic design. The construction structure of the outer wall base is characterized in that a reinforcing material for preventing punching shear is interposed between the nail head of the nail and the load bearing surface material.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the reinforcing material is temporarily fixed to the load bearing member in advance.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the reinforcing material is continuous across two or more nails.

In the invention according to claim 4, the type and thickness of the load bearing face material of the wall that requires a high wall strength magnification and the wall strength face material that does not require a high wall strength magnification by the seismic design are the same. is there.

In the invention described in claim 5, the type and size of the nail are single.

In the invention described in claim 6, the reinforcing material is a thin steel plate.

In the invention according to claim 7, the reinforcing material is a sheet selected from a glass fiber sheet and a carbon fiber sheet.

The operation and effect of the present invention will be described below.
As a judgment value for evaluating the means for increasing the wall strength magnification, the one-side shear strength of nail bonding was used for evaluation. As a method of measuring the shear strength of a nail joint with a load bearing surface as a side material, the standard allowable stress and standard stiffness (monotonic force joint) of the joint of the “Two-by Four Architecture Association” Was used to measure the shear strength of one side of the nail joint.

In this test, cedar is used as the structural material 1 as the main material, 9 mm thick structural plywood and volcanic glassy multilayer board (made by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) as the load bearing face material 2 as the side material. Dielite MS), double-sided acrylic resin-coated pulp / silicic acid-mixed cement board (trade name Anshin, manufactured by Nichiha Co., Ltd.), and nail 3 with iron round nail N50 and iron round nail N75 (JISA 5508: 2009), As the reinforcing material 4, a test was performed using a 0.35 mm painted molten 55% aluminum-zinc alloy plated steel sheet (JIS G3322: 2008).
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for measuring the shear strength of a nail joint using a load bearing surface material as a side material in a configuration in which the reinforcing material 4 is not used.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for measuring the shear strength of the nail joint using the reinforcing material 4 as a side material in the configuration using the reinforcing material 4.

The test results are shown in Table 1.

When the load 5 is applied using the N50 nail 3 without using the reinforcing member 4, the nail head 3a is not easily inserted into the load bearing surface 2 as shown in FIG. No pull-out occurred, and the nail body portion 3b pulled out from the structural member 1 and pull-out, which is a fractured form of the nail joint, occurred. The maximum load at this time was 1094N for the structural plywood, 841N for the volcanic glassy multilayer board, and 1220N for the double-sided acrylic resin-coated pulp / silicate mixed cement board.

When a load 5 is applied using an N75 nail 3 without using the reinforcing material 4, before any nail body 3b comes out of the structural material 1 as shown in FIG. Punching shear, which is a fractured form of the nail joint, occurs in which the nail head 3a is inserted into the load bearing surface 2 and the nail 3 comes out of the load bearing surface 2. The maximum load at this time was 1616N for the structural plywood, 996N for the volcanic glassy multilayer board, and 1991N for the double-sided acrylic resin-coated pulp / silicate mixed cement board.

When a load 5 is applied using an N75 nail 3 using the reinforcing material 4, the nail head 3a is inserted into the load bearing surface 2 as shown in FIG. Pulling out, which is a breaking form of the nail joint, in which the nail body portion 3b slips out of the structural material 1 occurred without being pulled out. The maximum load at this time was 2338N for the structural plywood, 1750N for the volcanic glassy multilayer board, and 2262N for the double-sided acrylic resin-coated pulp / silicate mixed cement board.

As described above, according to the construction structure of the outer wall base according to the present invention, the nail head 3a and the load bearing surface are configured even with the structure of the load bearing surface material 2, the structural material 1, and the nail 3 that are likely to generate punching shear. By interposing the reinforcing material 4 between the materials 2, punching shear can be prevented, so that a high load value of nail joint shear strength can be obtained.
Therefore, in the exterior renovation of a wooden framed housing, a reinforcing material for preventing punching shear is interposed between the nail head for fixing the load bearing surface material as the outer wall base material to the structural material and the load bearing surface material. By adopting the construction structure for walls that require a high wall strength magnification by the calculation of seismic design, we use load-bearing surface materials that have good air permeability but weak pull-out strength by nail heads. However, a high wall strength magnification can be obtained. Therefore, even if one type of nail is used for the same type and thickness of the bearing surface, it is possible to construct a wall base without unevenness, so that a wall with a high wall strength magnification and a normal wall strength magnification It is possible to design and construct with mixed walls.
Therefore, if the construction structure of the outer wall base of the present invention is used, it is not necessary to use an additional reinforcing bracket to increase the wall strength magnification, and it is possible to create a smooth wall base without unevenness. Construction of exterior materials becomes easy. In addition, it is possible to use a load-bearing face material with good ventilation, so adopt a load-bearing face material with good breathability, and only the walls that have to be made to have a high wall strength magnification as calculated by earthquake-resistant design are high. Since the wall strength magnification can be obtained, it is possible to obtain a construction structure of the outer wall base having a high degree of freedom in seismic design and excellent workability.

The schematic diagram which measures the shear strength of a nail joint by using a load bearing surface material as a side material by the structure which does not use the reinforcing material 4. FIG. The schematic diagram which measures the shear strength of a nail joint by using a load bearing surface material as a side material by the structure using the reinforcing material 4. FIG. Sectional drawing explaining the state of pull-out in the shear strength measurement of the nail joint of FIG. Sectional drawing explaining the state of punching shear in the shear strength measurement of the nail joint of FIG. Sectional drawing explaining the state of pull-out in the shear strength measurement of the nail joint of FIG. The figure explaining the frame of a wooden frame house. The figure explaining the load bearing surface material as an outer wall base material constructed | assembled to the wooden frame of FIG. 6 in normal construction. It is an example of this invention, Comprising: The figure explaining the load bearing surface material as an outer wall base material constructed | assembled to the wooden frame of FIG. 6 in high magnification construction. It is another example of this invention, Comprising: The figure explaining the load bearing surface material as an outer wall base material constructed | assembled to the wooden frame of FIG. 6 in high magnification construction.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
In the construction structure of the outer wall foundation of the present invention, the outer wall portion of the existing conventional wooden framed housing is seismically reinforced, and after the existing outer wall material is removed, the earthquake-resistant reinforcement is performed with the strength face material as the outer wall foundation material, and then the ceramic industry Renovate the exterior by installing finishing materials such as siding.
The seismic reinforcement design is performed using the wall strength magnification of each construction specification determined for each load bearing surface material determined according to the size of the pillar, the structure of the frame, and the part.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wooden framed house, and is an explanatory view of a base group of a general wall portion with a space column, 8 is a trunk difference, 9 is a space column, 10 is a column, and 11 is a reinforcement hardware , 12 is a base, and 13 is a joint.
First, peel off the outer wall of the location where the housing renovation is to be performed, and reveal the housing. If the foundations and pillars are damaged or deteriorated, they will be repaired or replaced.
In the present invention, the cross-sectional dimensions of columns, foundations, beams, trunk differences, and girders are 105 × 105 mm or more, and the ends of the bearing walls are columns. In addition, the dimension of the stud is 27 × 105 mm or more, and the cross-sectional dimension of the joint stud that joins the bearing surface is 45 × 105 mm or more.
When the cross-sectional dimensions of the columns are different, the outer surface can be adjusted with an adjusting material such as wood or wood, but the adjusting material is securely attached to the columns and studs using iron round nails.
In accordance with the pre-seismic reinforcement plan for the capital and column base, take measures to prevent pull-out according to the wall magnification (effective magnification) of the relevant part.

FIG. 7 is an example in which the load bearing face material 2 is constructed as an outer wall foundation material with respect to the foundation set of the general wall portion with the studs in FIG. 6 in the normal construction, and the load bearing face material 2 is made of N50 nail 3 at the outer periphery of 100 mm. It strikes the pillar 10, the base 12, the trunk difference 8, the stud 9 and the like at intervals of 200 mm or less in the middle street. At this time, the edge distance of the nail 3 (nail driving position from the end of the load bearing surface material) is about 15 mm. In the column 10, the base 12, the trunk difference 8, and the like, there is a margin in the edge distance, so the edge distance is increased, and the hanging amount to the base 12, the pillar 10, etc. is 30 mm or more. The nail 3 is driven into a portion of the base set so that the nail 3 is not driven too much or not too much.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which the load bearing face material 2 is applied as the outer wall base to the base set of the general wall portion with the studs in FIG. 6 in the high magnification construction. The reinforcing member 4 can be easily constructed when the load-bearing face material 2 is placed flat and temporarily secured to the load-bearing face material 2 with a curing tape or the like. At this time, the end portions of the load bearing face material 2 and the reinforcing material 4 are aligned and temporarily fixed.
In addition, when the adhesive tape is previously affixed on the surface which contacts the load-bearing surface material 2 of the reinforcing material 4, it is not necessary to use a curing tape, and workability and construction quality are improved.
The load bearing member 2 is attached to the pillar 10, the base 12, the trunk difference 8, the intermediate pillar 9, and the like with the N50 nail 3 from the top of the reinforcing member 4 at an interval of 100 mm or less, and at an interval of 200 mm or less in the middle street. At this time, the edge distance of the nail 3 (nail driving position from the end of the load bearing surface material) is about 15 mm. In addition, the hanging cost to the base 12, the pillar 10, etc. is 30 mm or more. The nail 3 is driven into a portion of the base set so that the nail 3 is not driven too much or not too much.

The load bearing face material 2 is rectangular and has a predetermined standard dimension, and has strength or function as a load bearing wall. For example, a structural plywood conforming to the JAS standard or a particle board conforming to the JIS standard, It consists of MDF, volcanic glassy multilayer board, pulp / silicic acid mixed cement board, etc., and has a predetermined airtightness and moisture-proof property, and it consists of two or more kinds of composite boards in addition to single-layer boards. It doesn't matter.
The load bearing material 2 particularly preferable in the present invention is an air-flowing specific gravity of about 0.6 to 1.0 such as softwood plywood, MDF, volcanic glassy multilayer board, pulp / silicate mixed cement board, and the like. It is a highly resistant bearing material.

Reinforcing material 4 includes iron, stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, zinc alloy plated steel plate, enamel steel plate, clad steel plate, laminated steel plate (PVC steel plate, etc.), sandwich steel plate (damping steel plate, etc.) (Of course, these are painted in various colors) A thin steel plate having such a thickness that it is easy to penetrate a nail having a thickness of about 0.1 to 3.0 mm is preferable, and the reinforcing material 4 is a nail 3 and a load bearing surface material. When the reinforcing material 4 is temporarily fixed to the load-bearing surface material 2 by sticking or the like in advance with an adhesive, a double-sided tape or the like before being fixed to 2, it is easier to handle. Forming the reinforcing material 4 with a thin steel plate is not only effective for forming a load-bearing wall having excellent earthquake resistance when the load-bearing face material 2 is fixed to the housing, but the load-bearing face material 2 is not bulky. In addition, since the weight does not increase so much, transportation and construction are easy, and the earthquake resistance of the bearing wall is improved at low cost.

The reinforcing material 4 can be used in the same manner as the thin steel plate as long as the material is not easily penetrated by the nail, such as a glass fiber sheet or a carbon fiber sheet, in addition to the thin steel plate. Workability is better with lighter reinforcements.

As shown in FIG. 8, the reinforcing material 4 is formed by combining two steel strips each having a long and short belt shape, or is formed by integrally forming a steel plate although not shown in the figure. If it sticks to the surface of 2 and distributes to the load-bearing surface material 2, workability | operativity will improve.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, a reinforcing material having a single length is combined as the reinforcing material 4, and is adhered to the surface of the load-bearing face material 2 with an adhesive or a double-sided tape, and is reinforced when placed on the load-bearing face material 2. The length of the material 4 becomes single and the number of materials is reduced.

Table 2 shows the wall strength magnification of the wall foundation of the present invention. The normal construction is a construction structure that does not use the reinforcing material 4, and the high magnification construction is a construction structure that uses the reinforcing material 4. The construction condition is a condition in which the load bearing face material 2 is made of pulp / silicate mixed cement plate, the nail 3 is made of N50, the size of the pillar 10 is 105 mm or more, and the construction is made on the general wall portion with the intermediate pillar 9. In addition, as the reinforcing material 4 for the high magnification construction, a JIS G 3322: 2008 coated molten 55% aluminum-galvanized steel sheet having a thickness of 0.35 mm and a width of 30 mm was used.

The high magnification construction had a wall strength magnification of 7.8 kN / m and provided an excellent wall strength magnification compared to the normal construction wall strength magnification of 6.5 kN / m. The above construction specifications for high-magnification construction are applied to walls that require high wall strength magnification by seismic design.
What has been described above is only one example of the construction structure of the outer wall base of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the description of the above examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structural material 2 Load bearing surface 3 Nail 3a Nail head 3b Nail trunk | drum 4 Reinforcement material 5 Load direction 6 The space | gap part by the nail inside a structural material 7 Punching shear 8 Body difference 9 Column 10 Column 11 Reinforcement metal 12 Base 13 Joint column

The operation and effect of the present invention will be described below.
As a judgment value for evaluating the means for increasing the wall strength magnification, the one-side shear strength of nail bonding was used for evaluation. As a method of measuring the shear strength of a nail joint with a load bearing surface as a side material, the standard allowable stress and standard rigidity (monotonic applied force) of the joint part of the “Two-by Four Architecture Association” “Guideline for Calculation of Building Structures for Frame Construction” The joint shear strength was measured using a joint test.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a frame structure of a wooden framed house, and is an explanatory view of a base group of a general wall portion with a space column, 8 is a trunk difference, 9 is a space column, 10 is a column, and 11 is a reinforcement hardware , 12 is a base, and 13 is a joint.
First, peel off the outer wall of the location where the housing renovation is to be performed, and reveal the housing. If the foundations and pillars are damaged or deteriorated, they will be repaired or replaced.
In the present invention, the cross-sectional dimensions of columns, foundations, beams, trunk differences, and girders are 105 × 105 mm or more, and the ends of the bearing walls are columns. In addition, the dimension of the stud is 27 × 105 mm or more, and the cross-sectional dimension of the joint stud that joins the bearing surface is 45 × 105 mm or more.
Although if the cross-sectional dimensions of the column are different can match the outer surface in the adjustment member of wood or the like, adjusting material column using Tetsumaru nails, reliably attached to the studs.
In accordance with the pre-seismic reinforcement plan for the capital and column base, take measures to prevent pull-out according to the wall magnification (effective magnification) of the relevant part.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which the load bearing surface material 2 is applied as the outer wall base material to the base set of the general wall portion with the studs in FIG. 6 in the high magnification construction. The reinforcing member 4 can be easily constructed when the load-bearing face material 2 is placed flat and temporarily secured to the load-bearing face material 2 with a curing tape or the like. At this time, the end portions of the load bearing face material 2 and the reinforcing material 4 are aligned and temporarily fixed.
In addition, when the adhesive tape is previously affixed on the surface which contacts the load-bearing surface material 2 of the reinforcing material 4, it is not necessary to use a curing tape, and workability and construction quality are improved.
The load bearing member 2 is attached to the pillar 10, the base 12, the trunk difference 8, the intermediate pillar 9, and the like with the N50 nail 3 from the top of the reinforcing member 4 at an interval of 100 mm or less, and at an interval of 200 mm or less in the middle street. At this time, the edge distance of the nail 3 (nail driving position from the end of the load bearing surface material) is about 15 mm. In addition, the hanging cost to the base 12, the pillar 10, etc. is 30 mm or more. The nail 3 is driven into a portion of the base set so that the nail 3 is not driven too much or not too much.

Claims (7)

In exterior renovation of wooden framed houses that use load-bearing face materials as outer wall base materials,
Reinforcing material to prevent punching shear is interposed between the nail head of the nail that fixes the wall bearing surface material, which requires a high wall strength magnification due to the seismic design, to the structural material, and the bearing surface material. Construction structure of the outer wall foundation characterized by The construction structure of the outer wall base according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing material is preliminarily secured to the load bearing surface material. The construction structure of the outer wall base according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing material is continuous across two or more nails. 2. The type and thickness of a load bearing face material for a wall that requires a high wall strength magnification and a wall strength face material that does not require a high wall strength magnification by the seismic design are the same. The construction structure of the outer wall base | substrate in any one of -3. The construction structure of the outer wall base according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the type and size of the nail are single. The construction structure of the outer wall base according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reinforcing material is a thin steel plate. The construction structure of the outer wall base according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the reinforcing material is a sheet selected from a glass fiber sheet and a carbon fiber sheet.

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