JP2012030977A - Elevator system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve an elevator system that can prevent a collision of a car without involving constraints on any stopping floor.SOLUTION: The elevator system include: the car 3; a pressing member 7 provided in a lower part; and a relief 52 that is provided in a hoistway 1 and compressed in contact with an upper part of the pressing member provided in the lower part of the car outside the projected area of the car.

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator shock absorber, and more particularly to a shock absorber in a so-called one-shaft multi-car elevator in which a plurality of cars are lifted and lowered independently in one hoistway.

One-shaft multi-car elevators have been proposed to increase elevator transportation efficiency without increasing hoistway space in high-rise buildings.
What is necessary is just to install in the bottom part of a hoistway as usual about the thing corresponding to the car arrange | positioned below among the shock absorbers applied to the elevator system of this system. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method of placing a shock absorber corresponding to a car placed above and a method of placing a shock absorber above the lower car and a way of placing the shock absorber below the upper car.

JP 59-153773 A

  Since the shock absorber of the conventional one-shaft multi-car type elevator is configured as described above, the minimum distance between the cars is limited by the total compression length of the shock absorber. Therefore, high-speed elevators that require a large cushioning stroke have problems such as restrictions on the stop floor. There is also a problem that the strength of the car needs to be increased because a large force is applied to the car during operation of the shock absorber.

  An object of the present invention is to realize an elevator system that solves the above problems.

  The present invention includes a car, a pressing member provided in the lower part of the car, and a hoistway, and is compressed outside the projected area of the car in contact with the upper surface of the pressing member provided in the lower part of the car. And a shock absorber.

  According to the present invention, the car, the pressing member provided in the lower part of the car, and the upper surface of the pressing member provided in the lower part of the car are compressed outside the projected area of the car provided in the hoistway and compressed. Since it is provided with a buffering section, it is possible to prevent a car from colliding without restricting the stop floor.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an elevator system that is a first reference example of the present invention; FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the other example of the elevator system shown in FIG. It is a mimetic diagram showing the elevator system which is a 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 1st modification of the elevator system shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 2nd modification of the elevator system shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the elevator system which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the elevator system which is the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating operation non-operation switching of the intermediate | middle installation shock absorber in the elevator system shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the mechanism shown in FIG.

Reference Example 1
Hereinafter, an elevator system to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings for explaining the embodiments of the present invention, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will not be given.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an elevator system which is a first reference example of the present invention. (A) is stopped at the lowest floor where the lower car operates, and some abnormality occurs in the upper car. The figure which shows the state which has approached the lower cage | basket, (b) is a figure which shows the state which further descend | falls while the upper cage | basket | car compressed the upper cage | basket | ball damper, and fully compressed the upper cage | basket buffer.

  In the figure, 1 is a hoistway, 2 is an upper car, 3 is a lower car, 4 is an upper car shock absorber arranged in a point-symmetric manner with respect to the center of the upper car outside the projection surface of the lower car, and 5 is a lower part A lower car shock absorber disposed at the center of the car 3. 6 is a lower beam of the upper car, which also serves as a shock absorber pressing member. Reference numeral 9 denotes an upper car shock absorber mounting base that supports the upper car shock absorber 4 attached to the hoistway wall. The case where the lower car shock absorber 5 is installed in the center of the pit at the bottom of the hoistway is shown. However, when the operation range of the lower car is limited to a level above the middle floor of the building, the lower car also serves as a shock absorber pressing member. A plurality of lower beams similar to the lower beam 6 of the upper car are provided, and a plurality of them are arranged on the lower car shock absorber mounting provided on the hoistway wall so as to be point-symmetric with respect to the center of the lower car 3. In addition, A in (b) shows the lowest position of the upper car when the lower beam 6 of the upper car fully compresses the upper car shock absorber 4, and B stops at the lowest floor where the lower car 3 operates. This is the uppermost position of the lower car 3 in the state.

Next, the operation will be described.
In normal operation, the two cars are operated at moderate intervals. For example, in the case of a rope-type one-shaft multi-car elevator, when the rope breaks, the car is decelerated by the emergency stop and the distance to travel underneath is always greater than the emergency stop deceleration distance. Since the operation is controlled, there is no collision between the cars. If an abnormality occurs in the upper car while the lower car is stopped at the lowest floor where the lower car operates, and the two cars approach beyond the limit, the lower car 6 of the upper car 2 presses the upper car shock absorber 4 The upper car 2 is decelerated at a predetermined deceleration to prevent the cars from colliding with each other. Since the lower car 3 and the upper car 4 are not in contact with each other, the safety of passengers in the car can be ensured.

In high-speed elevators, the emergency stop deceleration distance becomes longer, and it is difficult to secure a sufficiently long distance between cars from the viewpoint of operation efficiency. Therefore, cars with impacts that do not affect passengers in an abnormal car. May collide. In this case, the upper car 2 is lowered while being in contact with the lower car 3, and the upper car shock absorber 4 is fully compressed and stopped as shown in FIG. The lower car 3 stops at the lowest floor level and passengers can move out of the car quickly and safely.
Since a plurality of upper car shock absorbers 4 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the upper car 2, when the upper car 2 compresses the upper car shock absorber 4, the upper car shock absorber 2 or the upper car shock absorber 4 is inclined. There is nothing to do.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an elevator system which is another example of FIG. 1, and (a) shows that the lower car is fully compressed by the lower car shock absorber and stops, and some abnormality occurs in the upper car. The figure which shows the state which has approached the lower cage | basket, (b) is a figure which shows the state which further descend | falls while the upper cage | basket | car compressed the upper cage | basket | ball damper, and fully compressed the upper cage | basket buffer.

Next, the operation will be described.
It is assumed that the lower car 3 is fully compressed by the lower car shock absorber 5 and stopped due to some abnormal operation. In this state, it is assumed that the upper car is also fully compressed and stopped due to abnormal operation. If there is no gap between the upper car 2 and the lower car 3 at this time, the two cars will collide and the lower car will be fixed by the shock absorber, so the impact force will increase and may affect the passengers. Damage to the casket also occurs.
This problem can be solved by arranging the shock absorbers in such a positional relationship that the upper car 2 and the lower car 3 do not contact each other as shown in FIG.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the elevator system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 (a) shows that the lower car is stopped and some abnormality occurs in the upper car and approaches the lower car. FIG. 5B shows a state in which the upper car further descends, comes into contact with the lower car and further lowers while compressing the upper car shock absorber, and both the upper car shock absorber and the lower car shock absorber are fully compressed. FIG.

  In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes a lower beam of the lower car, which also serves as a shock absorber pressing member, and the upper car shock absorber 4 is point-symmetric with respect to the center of the upper car outside the projection surface of the car on the upper beam of the lower car. A plurality are arranged. In addition, although the case where the lower car shock absorber 5 is installed in the pit at the bottom of the hoistway is shown, when the operating range of the lower car is limited above the middle floor of the building, the hoistway wall protrusion outside the car projection plane A plurality of them are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the lower car 3. Of course, when installing the lower car shock absorber 5 in the pit at the bottom of the hoistway, it may be arranged at the center of the lower car.

Next, the operation will be described.
In normal operation, the two cars are operated at an appropriate interval. However, if some abnormality occurs and the two cars are approaching beyond the limit, the upper car shock absorber 4 is connected to the lower beam 6 of the upper car 2. Is pressed to decelerate the upper car 2 at a predetermined deceleration to prevent the cars from colliding with each other.

  Further, when the upper car 2 approaches the lower car 3 and compresses the upper car shock absorber 4 by the lower beam 6 with the lower car 3 fully stopped after the lower car shock absorber 5 is stopped, the lower beam 7 is moved to the lower car 7. The upward reaction force from the shock absorber 5 and the downward reaction force from the upper car shock absorber 4 are received, but the central axes of the lower car shock absorber 5 and the upper car shock absorber 4 coincide with each other, and the bending stress due to the shock absorber reaction force Does not occur. For this reason, the required strength of the lower beam 7 can be reduced, and the moving part weight of the elevator system can be reduced.

  The shock absorbers may be installed as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). That is, a plurality of upper car shock absorbers 4 are arranged on the lower surface of the lower beam 6 of the upper car 3 so as to be point-symmetric with respect to the center of the upper car outside the projection surface of the car. It is installed so as to coincide with the central axis of the shock absorber 4.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the two cars fully compress the respective shock absorbers, the shock absorbers are arranged so that the two cars do not come into contact with each other. Can be prevented.

In the above description, the safety when the car is lowered has been described. However, the safety when the car is raised can be similarly dealt with. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the top shock absorber 51 provided at the top of the hoistway. FIG. 5A is the highest floor where the upper car 2 operates, and there is some abnormality in the lower car 3 while it is stopped. The figure which shows the state which arises and is approaching the upper cage | basket | car 2, (b) is the state which the lower cage | basket | car 3 further raised and the top shock absorber 51 was fully compressed by the upper beam 8 which served as the pressing member of the top shock absorber 51. FIG.
If comprised in this way, the lower cage | basket | car 3 will not collide with a hoistway top part by pushing up the upper cage | basket | car 2, and the safety | security of the lower cage | basket | car 3 can be ensured.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an elevator system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, where the hoistway is divided into two parts, one car is arranged for each operation zone (hereinafter, “ This is called “zone division operation”. The object of the present invention is not limited to two operation zones. Further, the number of cars arranged in each service zone is not limited to one.
(A) is explanatory drawing of the operation zone which divided | segmented the hoistway, (b) is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the buffer arrange | positioned in the boundary position of each operation zone, (c) is both buffer by abnormal operation | movement of an upper and lower cage | basket | car. It is a figure which shows the state which the container fully compressed. Reference symbol L indicates the upper operation zone and M indicates the lower operation zone.

In the figure, 2 is an upper car for raising and lowering the upper operation zone, 3 is a lower car for raising and lowering the lower operation zone, 9 is a shock absorber mounting base for supporting a shock absorber attached to the hoistway wall at the operation zone boundary position, and 52 It is restricted that the lower car rises from the boundary position of the zone with a section shock absorber that is arranged outside the projection surface of the car and attached to the shock absorber mounting base.
By configuring as described above, even if the upper car 2 or the lower car 3 abnormally approaches the operation zone boundary due to some abnormality, the vehicle can be decelerated and stopped safely and reliably by the shock absorber installed at the operation zone boundary. Can ensure the safety of zone operation.

  In the above description, a car is arranged in each of the upper and lower operation zones for zone division operation. However, when a plurality of cars are arranged in one operation zone, FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 are used for each operation zone. The configuration described above may be used. One hoistway may be divided into three or more operation zones.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an elevator system according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in which each car operates in the entire region of the hoistway, and the operation zone of the upper car 2 is denoted by the symbol N. , The operation zone of the lower car 2 is indicated by the symbol P, and is configured to be switchable to zone division operation in which the hoistway is divided into a plurality of zones. The operation in the case of dividing the hoistway is the same as that of FIG. 6A, and the arrangement of the shock absorber and the operation thereof are the same as those described for the zone division operation. Therefore, each car operates in the entire region of the hoistway. The operation in the case (hereinafter referred to as “global operation”) will be described. In this case, there is provided means for moving the relative position between the shock absorber disposed in the middle of the hoistway and the shock absorber pressing means of each car. Switching between zone division operation and whole area operation is performed according to traffic demand.

  FIG. 8 shows a relative position moving means between a shock absorber provided on the way of the hoistway (hereinafter referred to as “intermediate shock absorber”) and a shock absorber pressing means of the car. In the case of zone division operation, the shock absorber pressing means is fixed at a position where it collides with the intermediate shock absorber, and in the case of full-range operation, the shock absorber pressing means interferes with the intermediate shock absorber. It is designed to be fixed at the position where it is not. (A) is a car front view, (b) and (c) are car bottom views, (b) shows the case of zone division operation, and (c) shows the case of whole area operation. The shock absorber pressing member 10 is attached to the car lower beam via the rotation mechanism 11. The rotation mechanism 11 is operated to change the fixed position of the shock absorber pressing member 10 according to the operation method.

  FIG. 9 shows a case where a moving means is provided in the intermediate shock absorber, (a) is a front view of the shock absorber moving means, (b) and (c) are bottom views of the car, and (b) is a zone division. In the case of operation, (c) shows the case of whole area operation. The shock absorber moving means for attaching the intermediate shock absorber is composed of a movable shock absorber base 20, a fixed shock absorber base 21, a pinion 22 attached to the movable shock absorber base, and a rack 23 attached to the fixed shock absorber base. Change the position of the intermediate shock absorber. The shock absorber pressing member 10 is fixed to the car lower beam.

  In addition, this specification includes the following. First, since the shock absorber of the conventional one-shaft multi-car elevator is configured as described above, the minimum distance between the cars is limited by the total compression length of the shock absorber. Therefore, in high-speed elevators that require a large cushioning stroke, there are problems such as restrictions on the stop floor, the need to raise the hoisting machine installation position, or the need to increase the pit depth at the bottom of the hoistway. there were. There is also a problem that the strength of the car needs to be increased because a large force is applied to the car during operation of the shock absorber.

  Therefore, an elevator system equipped with a shock absorber effective for a zone division operation system that solves such problems, divides one hoistway into a plurality of operation zones, and allocates a car to each operation zone, and further buffers the operation system. For the purpose of realizing an elevator system capable of switching between a zone division operation system and a whole area operation system by changing the arrangement of the equipment, the following configuration can be given.

  First, in an elevator system in which one hoistway is divided into a plurality of zones in the hoisting direction and at least one car is arranged in one zone, the hoistway in the middle of the hoistway at the zone boundary and outside the projected area of the car The wall may be provided with a plurality of shock absorbers for restricting the car from rising from the boundary position of the zone.

  According to this configuration, even if the upper car or the lower car abnormally approaches the operation zone boundary due to some abnormality, it can be safely and reliably decelerated and stopped by the shock absorber installed at the operation zone boundary. Safety can be secured.

  In addition, it is possible to switch between zone-divided operation in which one hoistway is divided into multiple zones in the ascending / descending direction and at least one car is arranged in one zone, and whole area operation in which each car operates in almost the entire area of the hoistway. In an elevator system, a shock absorber disposed in the middle of a hoistway, a shock absorber pressing means for pressing a shock absorber provided in each car, and a shock absorber according to switching between zone division operation and whole area operation The thing provided with the moving means which moves a relative position with a buffer press means can be mentioned.

  According to this configuration, even if the upper car or the lower car abnormally approaches the operation zone boundary due to some abnormality, it can be safely and reliably decelerated and stopped by the shock absorber installed at the operation zone boundary. Safety can be secured.

  1 hoistway, 3 car, 7 pressing member, 52 buffering part.

Claims (1)

  A car, a pressing member provided in a lower part of the car, and a buffer provided in a hoistway and compressed in contact with an upper surface of the pressing member provided in the lower part of the car outside the projected area of the car And an elevator system.

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