JP2012062851A - Method and fixture for lifting blades of wind power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A blade lifting method for a wind turbine generator (1) that can easily lift a blade (10) at a predetermined angle with simple equipment.
A method of lifting a blade of a wind power generator includes a first connecting portion 111 and a second connecting portion 112 arranged to be separated from each other in the vertical direction when the blade is lifted, and the blade when the blade is lifted. A lifting jig 100 having an abutting portion 131 that abuts on the surface of the first wire W1 is prepared, the lower end portion of the first wire W1 suspended from above is connected to the first connecting portion, and the blade is positioned more than the center of gravity position CG of the blade. The other end of the second wire W2 having one end connected to the connected portion 14 formed on the root 13 side is connected to the second connecting portion 112, and the contact portion 131 is connected to the blade. The blade is lifted together with the lifting jig by the first wire in a state where the blade is held at a predetermined angle in contact with the surface in the middle between the portion and the blade root.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a blade lifting method and a lifting jig used when a blade of a wind turbine generator is attached to and detached from a hub at the top of a wind turbine tower.

The wind power generator drives a generator housed in a nacelle provided at the top of a windmill tower by a rotor that rotates by receiving wind power. The rotor is configured by radially attaching a plurality of blades to a hub that is rotatably supported.
The installation work for attaching such blades to the hub and the removal work for removing blades damaged during use from the hub are generally high place work, so two cranes with lifting capacity up to the blade installation height are required. In many cases, a stand is used.
However, in this case, it is necessary to consider the arrangement of the crane vehicle itself and to secure the work place, and the number of man-hours and costs during construction increase.

Further, as a conventional technique for lifting a blade of a wind turbine generator, for example, in Patent Document 1, a wire is lifted from a blade mounting portion of a hub to lock a base end portion of the blade, and the blade is lifted by pulling up the wire. Is described.
Patent Document 2 describes a hanging jig that can be suspended while a blade is held at a predetermined angle by a single wire. This hanging jig is a jig body consisting of a pair of rod-shaped members that extend from the connection plate to which the wire is connected and abuts against the surface of the blade. Thus, the blade is adjusted so as to form a certain angle with the blade.

JP 2006-152862 A JP 2009-2206 A

In many cases, the center axis of rotation of a hub of a wind turbine generator is inclined by a predetermined tilt angle with respect to the horizontal direction. Further, the blade itself is also inclined with a predetermined cone angle with respect to a plane orthogonal to the central axis of rotation of the hub.
For this reason, as in the prior art described in Patent Document 1, when a wire is locked to the base end portion of the blade and the blade is suspended so as to hang down under its own weight, a predetermined angle is set when the blade is attached to the hub. In order to hold the blade, a large number of facilities and man-hours are required, for example, adjusting the angle of the blade while hanging the tip of the blade with another crane.
In addition, the hanging jig described in Patent Document 2 can be hung by holding the blade at a predetermined angle with a single wire. Since it is necessary to precisely adjust the length of the blade, handling is difficult and the blade lifting process becomes complicated.

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a blade lifting method and a blade lifting jig of a wind turbine generator that can easily lift a blade at a predetermined angle with simple equipment.

The present invention solves the above-described problems by the following means.
The invention of claim 1 is a method of lifting a blade of a wind power generator, wherein the first connection portion and the second connection portion are arranged so as to be separated in the vertical direction when the blade is lifted, and the blade A lifting jig having a contact portion that comes into contact with the surface of the blade during lifting is prepared, and a lower end portion of a first wire lifted from above is connected to the first connection portion of the lifting jig. The other end of the second wire having one end connected to the connected portion formed on the blade root side of the center of gravity of the blade is used as the second connecting portion of the lifting jig. In the state where the contact portion of the lifting jig contacts the surface of the blade in the middle between the connected portion and the blade root, the blade is held at a predetermined angle. The blade is lifted together with the lifting jig by a wire A blade lifting method of a wind turbine generator for.
The invention according to claim 2 adjusts the angle of the blade by pulling the third wire connected to the contact portion of the lifting jig. This is a method of lifting the blade of the apparatus.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blade lifting jig for a wind turbine generator, the first connecting portion to which the lower end portion of the first wire lifted from above is connected, and the blade root more than the position of the center of gravity of the blade. The other end of the second wire to which one end is connected is connected to the connected portion formed on the side, and is disposed below the first connecting portion when the blade is suspended. A second connecting portion; and a contact portion that holds the blade at a predetermined angle by contacting a surface of the blade between the connected portion and the blade root when the blade is suspended. It is a blade lifting jig of the wind power generator characterized.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the contact portion is provided with a third connection portion to which a third wire that adjusts an angle when the blade is lifted by being pulled is connected. It is a braid | blade lifting jig | tool of the wind power generator of Claim 3.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the contact surface portion with the blade in the contact portion is formed in a concave shape substantially along the surface shape of the blade. It is a blade lifting jig of a power generator.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The connected portion formed on the blade root side from the center of gravity position of the blade and the lifting jig are connected by the second wire, and the connected portion of the blade and the blade root are connected to the lifting jig. By providing an abutting portion that abuts on the surface in between, the blade is held at a predetermined angle by its own weight when the lifting jig is lifted by the first wire.
For this reason, for example, the blade can be easily lifted at a predetermined angle by simple equipment without adjusting the angle of the blade using a plurality of cranes.
In addition, when the abutting portion of the lifting jig is in contact with the surface of the blade, there is no need to hold the tip side of the blade. There is no need to prepare multiple cranes.
(2) By pulling the third wire connected to the contact portion of the lifting jig, for example, the operator can easily adjust the blade angle from the ground.
(3) By forming the contact surface portion with the blade in the contact portion of the lifting jig in a concave shape substantially along the surface shape of the blade, the relative position between the lifting jig and the blade is appropriate. The effects described above can be obtained more reliably.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the blade lifting in Example 1 of the blade lifting method of the wind power generator to which this invention is applied. It is an expansion typical sectional view in the II section of Drawing 1 (II-II section arrow sectional view of Drawing 3). It is the III-III part arrow directional view of FIG. In the blade lifting method of Example 1, it is a figure which shows the state before lifting a blade. In the blade lifting method of Example 1, it is a figure which shows the state immediately after the lifting start of a blade. It is a figure which shows the state before lifting the blade in Example 2 of the blade lifting method of the wind power generator to which this invention is applied.

  The present invention provides a problem of providing a blade lifting method and a blade lifting jig of a wind power generator that can easily lift a blade at a predetermined angle by a simple facility, provided on the blade root side from the center of gravity position of the blade. The suspension hole and the lifting jig are connected by a wire, and when the blade is lifted, a contact portion that contacts the blade root side surface of the blade from the suspension hole is provided in the lifting jig. Solved by regulating the angle of the blade.

Hereinafter, a blade lifting method and a lifting jig of a wind power generator to which the present invention is applied will be described.
The blade lifting method and lifting jig according to the first embodiment are used when a blade is attached to and detached from a hub provided at an upper portion of a wind turbine tower of a wind turbine generator.

The wind power generator 1 includes a tower 2, a nacelle 3, a hub 4, a blade 10, and the like.
The tower 2 is a columnar portion extending in the vertical direction. The lower end of the tower 2 is fixed to a base (not shown) provided on the ground surface or offshore. The upper end of the tower 2 is connected to the lower part of the nacelle 3.

The nacelle 3 is provided in the upper part of the hub 4 and includes a generator, a control panel, a cooling device for cooling them, and the like, and a speed increaser as necessary.
The hub 4 and the blade 10 constitute a rotor of the wind power generator 1. The hub 4 is supported at one end of the nacelle 3 so as to be rotatable around a predetermined rotation axis.
A plurality of blades 10 are radially attached to the hub 4, and the blades 10 are rotationally driven by a lift generated by receiving an air flow.

The blade 10 receives airflow, generates lift, and rotates the hub 4.
The main body portion of the blade 10 is formed hollow with, for example, a fiber reinforced resin.
The blade 10 is provided with a wing part 11, a tip part 12, a root (blade root) part 13, a suspension hole 14, and the like.

The wing part 11 is a part formed with an airfoil that generates lift in the direction of rotationally driving the hub 4 when arranged in the airflow at a predetermined elevation angle. It is formed over the 12 side.
The root portion 13 is a base end portion to which the blade 10 is fixed to the hub 4, and as shown in FIG. 3, the shape seen from the rotor center side is formed in a substantially circular shape.
The root portion 13 is provided with a plurality of bolts 13 a protruding from an annular contact surface portion with the hub 4. The bolts 13 a are arranged in a distributed manner in the circumferential direction of the root portion 13.

When the blade 10 is lifted using the lifting jig 100 when the blade 10 is attached to or detached from the hub 4, the hanging hole 14 is fastened with the hanging metal fitting 120 provided at the end of the second wire W <b> 2. This is the part. The suspension hole 14 functions as a connected portion in the present invention.
The suspension hole 14 has a structure in which an opening is formed in a part of the trailing edge portion of the wing portion 11 and the suspension fitting 120 can be attached with a screw or the like.
As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the suspension hole 14 is arranged offset to the root portion 13 side with respect to the center of gravity CG of the blade 10.
The suspension hole 14 is provided with strength and durability sufficient to withstand the load when the blade 10 is lifted and to withstand operation after construction.

The lifting jig 100 includes a main body part 110, a hanging bracket 120, a blade holding part 130, a stay 140, and the like.
The main body 110 is formed in an oval plate shape having a long axis along the vertical direction, for example, when viewed from the side (when suspended).
Connection holes 111 and 112 are formed in the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the main body 110 at the time of suspension, respectively.

The connection hole 111 is a portion where the first wire W1 that is suspended from above and lifts the blade 10 and the lifting jig 100 is connected via a hook H or the like, for example.
The first wire W1 can be moved up and down by, for example, a crane or a winch (not shown).
The connection hole 112 is a portion to which the second wire W2 that connects the main body 110 and the hanging bracket 120 is connected.

The hanging bracket 120 is a member that is connected and fixed to the hanging hole 14 of the blade 10.
As shown in FIG. 2, the hanging bracket 120 is formed with a bolt part 121 fastened to the hanging hole 14 and a hanging ring 122 to which the second wire W2 is connected.

When the blade 10 is lifted as shown in FIG. 1, the blade holding portion 130 abuts against the outer surface of the blade 10 in the vicinity of the root portion 13 and presses this to hold the blade 10 at a predetermined angle. It is.
As shown in FIG. 3, the blade holding part 130 includes a contact part 131 that is formed in an arc shape along the shape of the upper surface of the blade 10 when it is lifted. The contact portion 131 is disposed so as to extend in the circumferential direction along the outer peripheral surface of the upper half (for example, the half on the trailing edge side in the first embodiment) when the blade 10 is lifted. That is, the contact surface portion with the blade 10 in the contact portion 131 is formed in a concave curved surface shape substantially along the surface shape of the blade 10. A buffer material (not shown) that prevents damage to the blade 10 is disposed on the contact surface portion.
The blade holder 130 is provided with a guide portion 132 that extends linearly from both ends of the abutment portion 131, and a suspension ring 133 is fixed to the distal end portion of the guide portion 132.
The guide part 132 has a function of guiding the root part 13 to properly contact the contact part 131 when the blade 10 starts to be lifted.
A third wire W3 and a fourth wire W4 that adjust the angle of the blade 10 pulled by the worker M from the ground are connected to the suspension ring 133, respectively.

  The stay 140 is a columnar member whose both ends are fixed to one side portion of the main body 110 and the central portion of the contact portion 131 in the blade holding portion 130.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the blade 10 is lifted using the lifting jig 100, the connection holes 111 and the connection holes 112 are arranged substantially along the vertical direction, and the first wire W1 and the second wire are arranged. W2 is arranged substantially in the same straight line. A tension T is applied to the second wire W2 in accordance with its own weight W acting on the center of gravity CG of the blade 10.
At this time, the abutting portion 131 of the blade holding portion 130 abuts in the vicinity of the root portion 13 and applies a substantially vertical load P to the surface portion of the blade 10 that is in contact, and the blade 10 The held angle is maintained at a predetermined angle set in advance.

That is, since the center of gravity CG of the blade 10 exists on the tip portion 12 side with respect to the suspension hole 14, a rotational moment is generated in the blade 10 in the direction in which the root portion 13 rises upward (in FIG. The blade holding unit 130 is configured to stop the rotation of the blade 10 at a predetermined angle by keeping the root portion 13 at a predetermined height.
The relative position between the main body 110 and the blade holder 130 and the length of the second wire W2 are set and adjusted in advance so that the above-described positional relationship is satisfied.

Next, a method for attaching the blade 10 using the lifting method of the first embodiment will be described.
In addition, although an attachment method is demonstrated as an example here, the lifting method of Example 1 can be used also for removal of the braid | blade 10. FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, the initial blade 10 is arranged in a state where the longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal and the suspension hole 14 is directed upward.
At this time, the tip portion 12 side of the blade 10 is supported by lifting the wound sling S by the fifth wire W5 with a crane or the like. As will be described later, this crane does not require a high lift such as a crane that pulls the first wire W1, and a relatively small crane is sufficient.
On the other hand, on the root portion 13 side of the blade 10, the suspension fitting 120 is fastened to the suspension hole 14 and is suspended by the second wire W <b> 2. At this time, the blade holding portion 130 is separated from the surface of the blade 10.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the first wire W1 is pulled by a crane, a winch or the like, and the lifting jig 100 and the blade 10 are lifted. At this time, the sling S side maintains a minimum height at which the tip portion 12 does not contact the ground surface or the like. As a result, the blade 10 starts to rotate in the direction in which the root portion 13 side rises due to its own weight.

Then, when the first wire W1 is further pulled and the angle of the blade 10 reaches the predetermined angle described above, the contact portion 131 of the blade holding portion 130 is moved to the root portion 13 of the blade 10 as shown in FIG. By abutting a nearby surface and preventing further rotation of the blade 10, the blade 10 is held at a predetermined angle.
At this time, the fifth wire W5 is in a relaxed state and the sling 20 is removed, but the angle of the blade 10 is kept constant.
Then, the first wire W <b> 1 is further pulled to raise the height of the root portion 13 of the blade 10 to the vicinity of the hub 4.
At this time, if necessary, the operator M adjusts the angle of the blade 10 by pulling the third wire W3 and the fourth wire W4 from the ground.
Then, the bolt 13a of the root portion 13 is inserted into a bolt hole (not shown) on the hub 4 side, fastened with a nut or the like, the lifting jig 100 is removed, and the attachment of the blade 10 is completed.
When removing the blade 10, the reverse procedure may be performed.

According to Example 1 demonstrated above, the following effects can be acquired.
(1) The suspension hole 14 formed on the root portion 13 side of the center of gravity CG of the blade 10 and the lifting jig 100 are connected by the second wire W2, and the suspension hole 14 of the blade 10 is connected to the lifting jig 100. By providing the contact portion 131 that contacts the surface between the root portion 13 and the root portion 13, when the lifting jig 100 is lifted by the first wire W1, the blade 10 is held at a predetermined angle by its own weight, The blade 10 can be moved up and down and attached and detached in a stable state.
For this reason, for example, a blade can be easily lifted at a predetermined angle by a simple facility without adjusting the angle of the blade 10 using a plurality of cranes.
Also, like existing lifting jigs that hold the blade angle with a single crane, the length of the jig itself and multiple slings can be held in the desired blade according to the tilt angle and cone angle of the wind turbine generator. There is no need to adjust according to the angle, and workability can be improved.
Further, in the state where the contact portion 131 of the lifting jig 100 is in contact with the surface of the blade 10, it is not necessary to hold the tip portion 12 side of the blade 10 with the sling S or the like. There is no need to prepare a plurality of cranes, winches and the like having a high head capable of lifting the blade 10 to a position where it can be attached to and detached from the head.
(2) By pulling the third wire W3 and the fourth wire W4 connected to the contact portion 131 of the lifting jig 100, for example, the operator M can easily adjust the angle of the blade 10 from the ground. Can do.
(3) Since the contact surface portion of the contact portion 131 of the lifting jig 100 with the blade 10 is formed in a concave shape substantially along the surface shape of the blade 10, the lifting jig 100 and the blade 10 are relatively It can guide so that a position may become appropriate and can acquire the effect mentioned above more certainly.

Next, a second embodiment of the blade lifting method and the lifting jig of the wind power generator to which the present invention is applied will be described.
In addition, about the location substantially the same as Example 1 mentioned above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the second embodiment, the tip portion 12 side of the blade 10 is supported by a suspension base R instead of the sling S and the fourth wire W4 of the first embodiment.
According to the second embodiment described above, in addition to the effects similar to the effects of the first embodiment described above, it is not necessary to prepare a small crane or the like that lifts the tip portion 12 side of the blade 10. Attaching / detaching work involving lifting of the blade can be performed.

(Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes are possible, and these are also within the technical scope of the present invention.
For example, the shape and structure of the lifting jig are not limited to those of the above-described embodiments, and can be changed as appropriate.
Further, the location where the connected portion is provided on the blade and the specific configuration of the connected portion can be appropriately changed as long as they are within the range of the root portion side with respect to the center of gravity.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generator 2 Tower 3 Nacelle 4 Hub 10 Blade 11 Wing part 12 Tip part 13 Root part 13a Bolt 14 Suspension hole 100 Lifting jig 110 Main body part 111 Connection hole 112 Connection hole 120 Suspension metal fitting 121 Bolt part 122 Suspension ring 130 Blade holding part 131 Contact part 132 Guide part 133 Suspension ring 140 Stay W1 1st wire W2 2nd wire W3 3rd wire W4 4th wire W5 5th wire S sling M Worker R Suspension stand P Load W Blade self weight T 1st 2-wire tension

Claims (5)

A method for lifting a blade of a wind turbine generator,
A lifting jig having first and second connecting portions arranged so as to be separated in the vertical direction when the blade is lifted, and a contact portion that comes into contact with the surface of the blade when the blade is lifted Prepare
Connecting the lower end portion of the first wire suspended from above to the first connection portion of the lifting jig;
Connect the other end of the second wire, one end of which is connected to the connected portion formed on the blade root side from the position of the center of gravity of the blade, to the second connecting portion of the lifting jig And
In the state where the contact portion of the lifting jig contacts the surface of the blade between the connected portion and the blade root to hold the blade at a predetermined angle, the first wire A blade lifting method for a wind turbine generator, wherein the blade is lifted together with a lifting jig. The blade lifting method for a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the blade angle is adjusted by pulling a third wire connected to the abutting portion of the lifting jig. A blade lifting jig for a wind turbine generator,
A first connecting portion to which a lower end portion of a first wire suspended from above is connected;
The other end of the second wire to which one end is connected is connected to the connected portion formed on the blade root side with respect to the position of the center of gravity of the blade, and when the blade is lifted, the first A second connecting portion disposed below the connecting portion;
A wind power generator comprising: an abutting portion that abuts a surface in the middle of the connected portion and the blade root of the blade when the blade is suspended to hold the blade at a predetermined angle. Blade lifting jig. 4. The wind power according to claim 3, wherein the abutting portion is provided with a third connecting portion to which a third wire that adjusts an angle when the blade is lifted by being pulled is connected. Blade for lifting power generator blades. 5. The blade suspension of the wind power generator according to claim 3, wherein a contact surface portion of the contact portion with the blade is formed in a concave shape substantially along a surface shape of the blade. Ingredients.

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