JP2012046082A - Three-wheeled vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-wheeled vehicle that improves a turning performance, stably turns, and provides a comfortable riding quality with a simple mechanism.SOLUTION: The three-wheeled vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 2, a front wheel 4 in the front side of the vehicle body, and two rear wheels 5 in the rear side of the vehicle body. The three-wheeled vehicle includes a link mechanism rotatably coupled to a supporting member, an actuator having a fixed part supported by the supporting member 22 and a rotating part coupled to the link mechanism to actuate the link mechanism by rotating the rotating part with respect to the fixed part, and a battery 14 that drives the actuator. The center of gravity of the battery 14 is located in the side closer to the center 5c of the rear wheels 5 than to the center 4c of the front wheel 4 in the front-back direction of the vehicle body 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-wheeled vehicle, and more particularly to a rear two-wheeled three-wheeled vehicle.

  Conventionally, some rear two-wheeled three-wheeled vehicles have a vehicle body that is tilted when the vehicle turns to improve turning performance and turn stably. (See Patent Document 1).

JP-A-2005-104445

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, stability during turning is ensured by the suspension, but nothing is taken into consideration for unexpected disturbances and the like.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a three-wheeled vehicle capable of improving turning performance, turning stably, and ensuring stability against unexpected disturbances and the like. For the purpose.

  To this end, the present invention provides a three-wheeled vehicle having a vehicle body, a front wheel in front of the vehicle body, and two rear wheels at the rear of the vehicle body, and a support member connected to the vehicle body and rotatable with respect to the support member A first link member having a shaft portion connected to the shaft portion and a link portion provided integrally with the shaft portion, a second link member rotatably connected to the vehicle body and parallel to the first link member, A third link member that connects one end of the link portion of the first link member in the vehicle width direction and one end of the second link member in the vehicle width direction and supports one of the rear wheels; A fourth link member that connects the other end of the first link member in the vehicle width direction of the link portion and the other end of the second link member in the vehicle width direction and supports the other rear wheel; , Rotatable relative to the support member A link mechanism to be coupled; a fixed portion supported by the support member; and a rotating portion coupled to the link mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism rotates relative to the fixed portion to An actuator that operates, and a battery that drives the actuator, wherein the center of gravity of the battery is disposed closer to the center of the rear wheel than the center of the front wheel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.

  The battery further includes a seat on which an occupant is seated, and the battery is disposed below the seat.

  Further, the vehicle body has a seat frame that supports the seat, and the battery is supported by the seat frame.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a three-wheeled vehicle having a vehicle body, a front wheel in front of the vehicle body, and two rear wheels in the rear of the vehicle body, a support member coupled to the vehicle body, and the support member A first link member having a shaft portion rotatably connected to the shaft portion and a link portion provided integrally with the shaft portion; a first link member rotatably connected to the vehicle body and parallel to the first link member; A second link member that connects one end portion of the link portion of the first link member in the vehicle body width direction and one end portion of the second link member in the vehicle body width direction and supports one of the rear wheels; A fourth link that connects the other end of the link member and the link portion of the first link member in the vehicle width direction and the other end portion of the second link member in the vehicle width direction and supports the other rear wheel. A member, and with respect to the support member A link mechanism that is rotatably coupled; a fixed portion that is supported by the support member; and a rotating portion that is coupled to the link mechanism, wherein the rotating portion rotates with respect to the fixed portion. An actuator that operates a link mechanism, and a battery that drives the actuator, and the center of gravity of the battery is disposed closer to the center of the rear wheel than the center of the front wheel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. It is possible to improve performance, turn stably, secure stability against unexpected disturbances, etc., and reduce falls.

  In addition, according to the invention of claim 2, the vehicle further includes a seat on which an occupant is seated, and the battery is disposed below the seat, so that the center of gravity is lowered and further stable turning is possible. Become.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the vehicle body has a seat frame that supports the seat, and the battery is supported by the seat frame, so that the battery can be firmly supported, Further, it becomes possible to turn stably.

1 is a front view showing a three-wheeled vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a side view showing a three-wheeled vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at DD cross section of the rear-wheel part of FIG. 1 from the arrow direction. It is a side view which shows the principal part of the three-wheeled vehicle of this embodiment. It is a rear view which shows the principal part of the three-wheeled vehicle of this embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the rear-wheel part of FIG. 1 from the arrow E direction. It is a figure showing the state where the rear wheel of this embodiment inclined. It is the figure which looked at the vehicle of the inclined state of this embodiment from back. It is the figure which looked at the vehicle of the state into which the disturbance input from the turning inner wheel side of this embodiment to the direction of the outer wheel side from back. It is the figure which looked at the vehicle of the inclined state of this embodiment from back. It is the figure which looked at the vehicle of the state into which the disturbance input from the turning outer wheel side of this embodiment to the direction of the inner wheel side from back. It is the top view which showed the three-wheeled vehicle of this embodiment typically. It is the figure which showed typically the state on the road surface of the direction D1 of the resultant force of the gravity and centrifugal force at the time of turning. It is the figure which showed typically the state on the road surface of the direction D2 of the resultant force of gravity at the time of turning and centrifugal force.

Hereinafter, an embodiment as an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are external views showing the three-wheeled vehicle of the present embodiment, FIG. 1 is a front view of the three-wheeled vehicle, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the three-wheeled vehicle. The direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 is the width direction, the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2 is the front, and the opposite is the rear.

  The three-wheeled vehicle 1 has a front wheel 4 via a front fork 3 in front of the vehicle body 2 and two rear wheels 5a and 5b on both sides of the widthwise center line C of the vehicle body 2 behind. In front of the vehicle body 2, there is a handle 6 for operating the front wheel 4, a front cowl 7 is provided in front of a handle post (not shown) connecting the handle 6 and the front wheel 4, and a handle post cover 8 is provided in the rear. Yes. A low floor type floor 9 is provided behind the handle post cover 8, and a seat cowl 10 rises behind the low floor type floor 9. A seat 11 is placed on the seat cowl 10. The seat 11 is provided with a backrest 12, and a loading platform 13 extends from the backrest 12 toward the rear. Further, from the lower side of the low floor type floor 9, a rear wheel support frame 22 as a rear wheel support member is connected to the low floor type floor 9 via a connecting member 21. The rear wheel support frame 22 extends from the lower side of the low floor type floor 9 to the lower side of the cargo bed 13 and supports the rear wheel 5 via a link mechanism L described later. The rear wheel support frame 22 may be provided with one frame at the center with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle body 2 or may be provided with two frames parallel to the width direction of the vehicle body 2.

  Next, the configuration near the rear wheel 5 will be described. FIG. 3 is a view of a DD section of the rear wheel portion of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the support member includes a rear wheel support frame 22, and a first support frame 23 as a first support member that extends downward from the front side of the loading platform 13 shown in FIG. 2 of the rear wheel support frame 22. A second support frame 24 as a second support member connected to the first support frame 23 below the rear wheel support frame 22 and extending in the front-rear direction; a rear side of the loading platform 13 of the rear wheel support frame 22; And a third support frame 25 as a third support member that extends downward from the rear of 23 and is connected to the second support frame 24. The second support frame 24 and the third support frame 25 may be integrally formed.

  A fixing portion 31a such as a case of a rear wheel tilting motor 31 as an actuator is connected and fixed to the rear wheel support frame 22 by a rear wheel tilting motor connecting member 30 as an actuator connecting member. The rotating portion 31b of the rear wheel tilt motor 31 is connected to a shaft-integrated link member 33 as a first link member through a speed reducer 32 in the front. The rotation of the rear wheel tilt motor 31 is decelerated by the speed reducer 32 and output to the shaft integrated link member 33.

  Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the main part of the three-wheeled vehicle of the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a rear view showing the main part of the three-wheeled vehicle of the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the vehicle body 2 has a front frame 2a, a center frame 2b, and a rear frame 2c. The front frame 2a supports the handle post 6a at the front, extends downward toward the rear, and is connected to the central frame 2b. The center frame 2b is connected to the front frame 2a at the front and the rear frame 2c at the rear, and supports the seat frame 2d that supports the seat 11. The rear frame 2c is connected to the central frame 2b at the front, extends upward toward the rear, and is positioned above the rear wheel 5 to form the loading platform 13 shown in FIG. The seat frame 2 d supports the seat 11 and forms a space for housing components such as the battery 14 that drives the motor 31.

  6 is a view of the rear wheel portion of FIG. 4 as viewed from the direction of arrow E, and FIG. 7 is a view showing a state in which the rear wheel is inclined.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the three-wheeled vehicle 1 includes a link mechanism formed by a shaft-integrated link member 33, a second link member 28, and left and right wheel motor brackets 42 as third and fourth link members. L.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the shaft-integrated link member 33 is rotatably supported by the first support frame 23 via the first bearing 35 in the front, passes through the rear wheel tilt motor 31 and the speed reducer 32, and The shaft 33a is rotatably supported by the third support frame 25 via the second bearing 36 and is rotatably connected to the rear first link member 26.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the shaft-integrated link member 33 is provided integrally with the shaft portion 33a and extends in the vehicle body width direction when the three-wheeled vehicle 1 is in the straight traveling state, and the shaft portion 33a has an axial direction. And a flange portion 33c projecting in a direction orthogonal to each other.

  By providing the shaft portion 33a and the link portion 33b integrally, the number of parts can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. Moreover, it becomes possible to reduce space and mass by reducing the number of parts. Furthermore, it becomes possible to reduce the play of the part which connects components.

  The shaft portion 33a does not necessarily have to penetrate the rear wheel tilt motor 31 and the speed reducer 32 shown in FIG. In this case, the rear first link member 26 only needs to be rotatably supported by the third support frame 25.

  The shaft-integrated link member 33 and the rear first link member 26 are respectively connected to the upper side of the first wheel motor bracket 42R as the first wheel support member 42 that supports the first wheel motor 41R at one end in the vehicle width direction. The second wheel motor bracket 42L serving as a second wheel support member that is rotatably connected via the shaft 27R and supports the second wheel motor 41L at the other end and rotatable via the second connection shaft 27L. It is connected to.

  The front second link member 28a as the second link member is pivotally connected to the front side of the second support frame 24 at the center portion in the vehicle width direction. The rear second link member 28b is rotatably connected to the rear side of the second support frame 24.

  Further, the front second link member 28a and the rear second link member 28b are respectively provided below the first wheel motor bracket 42R as a third link member that supports the first wheel motor 41R on one end side in the vehicle width direction and the third. The second wheel motor bracket 42L as a fourth link member that is rotatably connected via the connecting shaft 29R and supports the second wheel motor 41L on the other end side, and rotated via the fourth connecting shaft 29L. Connected as possible.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the rear wheel 5 is tilted by the power of the rear wheel tilt motor 31 of the first embodiment. If the rear wheel tilt motor 31 rotates counterclockwise as viewed from the front, the rotation of the rear wheel tilt motor 31 is decelerated by the speed reducer 32 shown in FIG. The integral link member 33 is rotated counterclockwise. When the shaft-integrated link member 33 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the first support frame 23 rotates in the clockwise direction in the opposite direction to the shaft-integrated link member 33 by the reaction, and the link mechanism L operates.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the link mechanism L includes a shaft-integrated link member 33, a rear first link member 26 (not shown), a front second link member 28a, and a rear second link member 28b (not shown) counterclockwise as viewed from the front. The first wheel motor bracket 42R and the second wheel motor bracket 42L rotate in the clockwise direction. And the rear wheel 5 inclines.

  If the rear wheel tilt motor 31 is rotated clockwise as viewed from the front, the first wheel motor bracket 42R and the second wheel motor bracket 42L are rotated counterclockwise, and the rear wheel 5 is tilted.

  FIG. 8 is a view of the inclined vehicle according to the present embodiment as viewed from the rear. In the vehicle 1, the link mechanism L is activated and the vehicle body 2 is inclined. At this time, since the resultant force Fm1 of the gravity Fg and the centrifugal force Fc is in the same direction as the inclination angle of the vehicle body 2, the link mechanism L can absorb disturbance in the roll direction, and the turning performance is improved. It becomes possible to turn stably.

  FIG. 9 is a rear view of the tilted vehicle in a state in which a disturbance is input from the turning inner wheel side to the outer wheel side.

  When a disturbance Fn is applied to the three-wheeled vehicle 1 turning stably as shown in FIG. 8 from the turning inner wheel side to the outer wheel side due to wind, road surface unevenness, etc., as shown in FIG. The direction of Fm2 is on the road surface outside a stable region made of a triangle shown in FIG. 12, which will be described later, and as a result, the position of the center of gravity of the three-wheeled vehicle 1 may deviate from the stable region. In this case, the three-wheeled vehicle 1 may be inclined toward the turning outer wheel.

  FIG. 10 is a view of the inclined vehicle according to the present embodiment as viewed from the rear. In the vehicle 1, the link mechanism L is activated and the vehicle body 2 is inclined. At this time, since the resultant force Fm1 of the gravity Fg and the centrifugal force Fc is in the same direction as the inclination angle of the vehicle body 2, the link mechanism L can absorb disturbance in the roll direction, and the turning performance is improved. It becomes possible to turn stably.

  FIG. 11 is a rear view of the tilted vehicle in a state in which a disturbance is input from the turning outer wheel side to the inner wheel side.

  When the disturbance Fn is applied to the three-wheeled vehicle 1 turning stably as shown in FIG. 10 from the turning outer wheel side to the inner wheel side due to wind or road surface unevenness as shown in FIG. The direction of Fm3 is on the road surface outside a stable region made of a triangle shown in FIG. 12, which will be described later, and as a result, the position of the center of gravity of the three-wheeled vehicle 1 may deviate from the stable region. In this case, the three-wheeled vehicle 1 may be further inclined toward the turning inner wheel.

  FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing the three-wheeled vehicle of the present embodiment. In the figure, the center of the front wheel 4 is 4a, the center of the right rear wheel 5R is 5Ra, the center of the left rear wheel 5L is 5La, and the direction of gravity at the center of gravity when the center of gravity of the three-wheeled vehicle 1 is set in front of the vehicle. Similarly, the position D1 on the road surface is the position D2 on the road surface in the direction of gravity at the center of gravity position when the center of gravity position is set to the rear of the vehicle compared to D1. The position D1 or D2 on the road surface in the gravitational direction at the position of the center of gravity is inside the stable region formed of a triangle formed by the first point 4a, the second point 5Ra, and the third point 5La shown in FIG. If so, the three-wheeled vehicle 1 travels stably without being excessively inclined.

  Further, at the time of turning, the direction of the resultant force of gravity and centrifugal force at the center of gravity position is from the triangle formed by the first point 4a, the second point 5Ra and the third point 5La shown in FIG. If it is inside the stable region, the three-wheeled vehicle 1 turns stably without excessively tilting.

  Therefore, when the center of gravity is ahead (when the position of the center of gravity of the vehicle is set to the position D1 on the road surface), the resultant area of the gravity and centrifugal force due to the inclination of the three-wheeled vehicle at the position D1 is a stable region on the road surface. The allowable movement range that can be moved within is the first width W1. When the center of gravity is behind (when the position of the center of gravity of the vehicle is set to the position D2 on the road surface), the resultant area of the gravity and centrifugal force due to the inclination of the three-wheeled vehicle at the position D1 is a stable region on the road surface. The allowable movement range that can be moved within is a second width W2 that is longer than the first width W1.

  FIG. 13 schematically shows a state of the resultant force of gravity and centrifugal force on the road surface when the center of gravity of the three-wheeled vehicle is set at the position D1, and FIG. 14 shows the center of gravity of the three-wheeled vehicle at the position D2. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a state on the road surface of a resultant force of gravity and centrifugal force when turning when set to.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the first position D1 on the road surface in the direction of the resultant force of gravity and centrifugal force moves to D1 'when the three-wheeled vehicle tilts when turning left, for example. Therefore, when a disturbance is input from the right side of the page and the vehicle body is lifted due to the influence of the disturbance, the position D1 ′ on the road surface in the direction of the resultant force of gravity, centrifugal force, and disturbance will be out of the stable region. Only the first length L1 remains as an allowable movement range.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 14, the second position D2 on the road surface in the direction of the resultant force of gravity and centrifugal force moves to D2 'when the three-wheeled vehicle tilts when turning left, for example. Therefore, when a disturbance is input from the right side of the page and the vehicle body is lifted due to the influence of the disturbance, the position D2 ′ on the road surface in the direction of the resultant force of gravity, centrifugal force, and disturbance is not stable. Only the second length L2 longer than the first length L1 remains as the allowable movement range.

  Therefore, when the position on the road surface in the direction of gravity at the center of gravity position shown in FIG. 12 is set to the second position D2, the allowable movement range when a disturbance is input is longer and stable. is doing. In other words, when a heavy battery or the like is disposed behind the vehicle body and the center of gravity is located rearward, running stability is maintained without being over-inclined when the three-wheel vehicle is inclined.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the center of gravity of the battery 14 is arranged so as to be closer to the center 5 c of the rear wheel 5 than the center 4 c of the front wheel 4 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 2. Further, since the battery 14 is heavy, it is stable when the center of gravity is placed low on a high-strength member. Therefore, at least one of the center frame 2b, the rear frame 2c, and the seat frame 2d, for example, below the seat 11 or the like. It is better to support at the lowest possible position.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, in the three-wheeled vehicle 1 having the vehicle body 2, the front wheel 4 in front of the vehicle body, and the two rear wheels 5 in the rear of the vehicle body, the support member 22 connected to the vehicle body 2, and the support The first link member 33 having the shaft portion 33a that is rotatably supported by the members 23, 24, and 25 and the link portion 33b that is provided integrally with the shaft portion 33a, and the support members 23, 24, and 25 are rotated. The second link member 28 that can be connected and parallel to the first link member 33, one end of the link portion 33 b of the first link member 33 in the vehicle width direction and one of the second link members 28 in the vehicle width direction. The other end portion of the link portion 33b of the first link member 33 in the vehicle body width direction and the second link member 28 in the vehicle body width direction. Connect the other end of And a fourth link member 42L for supporting the other rear wheel 5L, and a link mechanism L rotatably connected to the support members 23, 24, 25, and a fixing portion 31a supported by the support member 22. And a rotating part 31b coupled to the link mechanism L, the rotating part 31b rotating relative to the fixed part 31a, the actuator 31 operating the link mechanism L, and the battery 14 driving the actuator 31; And the center of gravity of the battery 14 is arranged closer to the center 5a of the rear wheel 5 than the center 4a of the front wheel 4 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 2, thereby improving the turning performance, turning stably and anticipating It is possible to secure stability against disturbances and the like and reduce falls.

  In addition, since the occupant is further provided with a seat 11 and the battery 14 is disposed below the seat 11, the center of gravity is lowered and the battery 14 can turn more stably.

  In addition, the vehicle body 2 has a seat frame 2d that supports the seat 11, and the battery 14 is supported by the seat frame 2d. Therefore, the battery 14 can be firmly supported and can be turned more stably. It becomes possible.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Three-wheel vehicle, 2 ... Vehicle body, 4 ... Front wheel, 5 ... Rear wheel, 6 ... Handle, 14 ... Battery, 22 ... Rear-wheel support frame (support member), 23 ... 1st support frame (support member), 24 ... 2nd support frame (support member), 25 ... 3rd support frame (support member), 28a ... Front 2nd link member (2nd link member), 31 ... Rear-wheel inclination motor (actuator), 32 ... Reduction gear, 33 ... shaft integrated link member (first link member), 41 ... wheel motor, 42R ... first wheel motor bracket (third link member), 42L ... second wheel motor bracket (fourth link member), L ... link mechanism

Claims (3)

The car body,
A front wheel in front of the vehicle body;
Two rear wheels behind the vehicle body;
In a three-wheeled vehicle having
A support member coupled to the vehicle body;
A first link member having a shaft portion rotatably connected to the support member and a link portion provided integrally with the shaft portion; and the first link member rotatably connected to the vehicle body and A second link member parallel to the first link member, one end portion of the link portion of the first link member in the vehicle body width direction and one end portion of the second link member in the vehicle body width direction, and one rear wheel The third link member to be supported and the other end portion in the vehicle width direction of the link portion of the first link member are connected to the other end portion in the vehicle width direction of the second link member and the other rear wheel is supported. A link mechanism that has a fourth link member that is rotatably connected to the support member;
An actuator that has a fixed portion supported by the support member and a rotating portion connected to the link mechanism, and that operates the link mechanism by rotating the rotating portion relative to the fixed portion;
A battery for driving the actuator;
With
A three-wheeled vehicle characterized in that the center of gravity of the battery is disposed closer to the center of the rear wheel than the center of the front wheel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. It is further equipped with a seat for the passenger
The three-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the battery is disposed below the seat. The vehicle body has a seat frame that supports the seat,
The three-wheeled vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the battery is supported by the seat frame.

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