JP2011202877A - Air-conditioning control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air-conditioning control system improving comfort of a perimeter zone.SOLUTION: This air-conditioning control system 1 of a building 10A adjacent to a construction 10B blocking sun's rays, includes a thermo camera 4 measuring a temperature distribution of an external wall surface of the building 10A, and a regulating means 2 for regulating controlled variable of air-conditioning of each perimeter zone of the building 10A according to a distribution of insolation of the external wall surface of the building 10A specified on the basis of the temperature distribution obtained by the thermo camera 4.

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioning control system.

  With the development of information processing technology, air conditioning systems using infrared cameras have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2004-108698 A JP 2000-227362 A

  When the sun is shining, it shines in the perimeter zone near the window even in the same room. For this reason, it is easier to feel warmer than the interior zone away from the window. Therefore, it can be considered to make the perimeter zone comfortable by lowering the temperature of the air supplied to the perimeter zone lower than the interior zone. However, in areas where buildings such as urban areas that block sunlight and structures such as elevated roads are forested, these structures partially block sunlight. For this reason, even if the air conditioning of the perimeter zone is controlled by the presence or absence of solar radiation poured into the building, the comfort that is felt is not uniform.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, and makes it a subject to provide the control system of the air conditioning which the comfort of a perimeter zone improves.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the control amount of air conditioning in each perimeter zone in a building is adjusted according to the distribution of solar radiation on the outer wall surface of the building specified based on the temperature distribution captured by the thermo camera. It was to be.

  Specifically, the air conditioning control system for a building adjacent to a structure that blocks solar radiation, a thermo camera that measures the temperature distribution of the outer wall surface of the building, and the air conditioning control amount of each perimeter zone of the building, Adjusting means for adjusting according to the distribution of solar radiation on the outer wall surface of the building specified based on the temperature distribution captured by the thermo camera.

  In the above control system, solar radiation that affects the temperature of the perimeter zone is captured by a thermo camera. And the control amount of the air conditioning of each perimeter zone is adjusted according to the distribution of the solar radiation of the outer wall surface specified based on the thermo camera. For this reason, even if the solar radiation is blocked by a part of the outer wall surface due to the structure adjacent to the building, the part where the solar radiation is blocked and the part that is not blocked are captured separately, and the air conditioning of each perimeter zone is applied to the solar radiation. Adjust for each part accordingly. Therefore, air-conditioning control for a specific perimeter zone may be performed by a control method in the case where there is solar radiation despite no solar radiation, or by a control method in the case where there is no solar radiation although there is solar radiation. Disappears. As a result, the comfort of the perimeter zone is improved.

The control system may have the following configuration. For example, the solar cell is further provided with a solar radiation sensor that is installed at a location where the solar radiation is not obstructed by the structure and measures the amount of solar radiation on the outer wall surface of the building. The control amount of the air conditioning of each perimeter zone of the building that controls the temperature may be adjusted according to the distribution of solar radiation on the outer wall surface of the building specified based on the temperature distribution captured by the thermo camera. .

  With the air conditioning control system configured as described above, since the solar radiation amount can be accurately captured by the solar radiation sensor, the air conditioning of the part of the perimeter zone that captures the solar radiation by the thermo camera can be more optimally controlled.

  Further, the adjusting means may increase the air supply temperature of the air conditioning in the perimeter zone corresponding to a portion of the outer wall surface having a relatively low temperature in the temperature distribution captured by the thermo camera.

  In the air conditioning control system configured as described above, since the air supply temperature of the air conditioning in the part where there is no solar radiation increases in each perimeter zone, the temperature difference between the part where there is solar radiation and the part where there is no solar radiation is alleviated. The comfort of the zone is improved.

  The comfort of the perimeter zone is improved.

It is a block diagram of the control system of an air conditioning. It is an application example of a control system. It is the figure which looked at the building from the top. It is the figure which showed the specific floor in a building. It is a schematic diagram of an air-conditioning system. It is the map which defined the relationship between supply air temperature and external temperature for every presence or absence of solar radiation. It is the map which defined the relationship between supply air temperature and external temperature for every solar radiation amount. It is the figure which looked at the outer wall surface of the building when the solar radiation is blocked in part. It is a block diagram of the control system of the air conditioning which concerns on a modification. It is an example of application of the control system concerning a modification. It is the figure which looked at the building to which the control system concerning a modification is applied from the top.

  FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an air conditioning control system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the control system 1 includes a control unit 2, an outside air temperature sensor 3, and a thermo camera group 4. The control unit 2 and the thermo camera group 4 are connected by a communication line formed by communication devices (not shown).

The control unit 2 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 5, a storage device 6 having a hard disk, a memory, and the like, an input device 7 to which a keyboard and a mouse are connected to receive user operations, a display device 8 such as a liquid crystal display, sensors, An input / output interface 9 to which an air conditioner is connected is provided.

  A building to which the control system 1 is applied is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the building 10A to which the control system 1 is applied is adjacent to the building 10B. As shown in FIG. 2, the building 10 </ b> A is located at a position where sunlight is blocked by the adjacent building 10 </ b> B. For this reason, on the outer wall surface of the building 10 </ b> A, there are a portion where the sun hits and a portion where the sun does not hit.

FIG. 3 is a view of the building 10A and the building 10B as viewed from above. The thermo camera group 4 is installed around the building 10A. The thermo camera group 4 is installed at a location where the temperature distribution of the outer wall surface can be measured. In this embodiment, the thermo camera 4N, the thermo camera 4E, the thermo camera 4S, and the thermo camera are arranged on the north side, the east side, the south side, and the west side of the building 10A. Each camera 4W is installed. The thermo camera group 4 may be installed at any location as long as it can measure the temperature distribution of the outer wall surface that may cause shadows on the outer wall surface, for example, a building such as an adjacent building 10B. You may install in the eaves etc. which protruded from the outer wall surface in the lower floor etc. of the building 10A. Each of the thermocameras 4N, 4W, 4S, and 4E may be an inexpensive one having about 200,000 pixels. Even if the thermocamera has such a resolution, it can be sufficiently used for air conditioning control of each perimeter zone.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific floor in the building 10A. As shown in FIG. 4, each floor in the building 10A is divided into four blocks (blocks 1 to 4). The air conditioning system of the building 10A includes an interior air conditioner that adjusts the air in the interior zone of each block, and a perimeter air conditioner that adjusts the air in the perimeter zone set on the window side of each block. The interior air conditioner and the perimeter air conditioner are air handling units installed in the machine room, etc., and supply air temperature is a damper that is installed in the flow rate of cold / hot water, the rotation speed of the air conditioning fan, the return air passage, and the outside air intake passage. Control with at least one of the opening degrees.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning system of the building 10A. As shown in FIG. 5, the air sent from the interior air conditioner 11 is supplied to the interior zone of each floor. Moreover, the air sent from the perimeter air conditioner 12 is supplied to the perimeter zone of each floor. The electric fans 13 and 14 of the interior air conditioner 11 and the perimeter air conditioner 12 perform a wide range of variable speed operations by adjusting the supply voltage and frequency by a V / F controlled inverter.

In the middle of the air duct through which air sent from the interior air conditioner 11 flows to the interior zone, a damper 15 for adjusting the air volume for controlling the temperature of the interior zone by the VAV (Variable Air Volume) system is provided. Each damper 15 increases the opening degree so that the air volume increases when the temperature difference between the target temperature and the actual temperature of the arbitrarily set interior zone is large, and decreases the air volume when the temperature difference is small. Decrease the opening. The target temperature of the interior zone may be a fixed value set in advance, or may be a value arbitrarily set by a person in the living room. The air sent from the interior air conditioner 11 and blown out into the interior zone blows out from a plurality of outlets provided on the ceiling. In the interior zone, a plurality of VAV zones in which set temperatures can be individually set are set, and the air volume at each outlet may be adjusted for each VAV zone.

  On the other hand, an air volume adjustment damper for controlling by the VAV method is not provided in the middle of an air duct through which air sent from the perimeter air conditioner 12 to the perimeter zone flows. The temperature of the air supply to the perimeter zone is controlled by changing the amount of cold / hot water flowing through the perimeter air conditioner. Unlike the interior zone which is not affected by the outside of the building, the perimeter zone is a wall near the outer wall of the building. Since the perimeter zone is easily affected by outside air and solar radiation, air conditioning control different from the interior zone is performed.

The air volume sent to the perimeter zone is determined as follows. First, the assumed room temperature is assumed, and the return air temperature difference at the peak load is set. And the air volume which can be processed by the return air temperature difference which set the heat load at the peak time is selected. Let the selected air volume be the air volume sent from the perimeter air conditioner to the perimeter zone. For example, it is assumed that the assumed room temperature is 25 ° C. and the return air temperature difference is set to 10 ° C., for example. The air volume in this case is an air volume that can handle the heat load at the peak time with a 10 ° C. supply air difference. For example, at the summer peak, an air volume capable of treating the heat load with air having a supply air temperature of 15 ° C. that is a difference of 10 ° C. with respect to the set room temperature of 25 ° C. is selected. The air volume to be selected, the return air temperature difference to be set, and the assumed room temperature are changed according to the heat insulation performance of the building 10A, the assumed amount of solar radiation, the performance of the air conditioner, and the like.

Air conditioning control of the perimeter zone is performed as follows. The heat load in the perimeter zone mainly consists of the sum of the following four elements.
1: Window solar radiation load due to solar radiation amount and outside air temperature 2: Outer wall through-flow load (The heat transfer coefficient uses design values, for example)
3: Internal heat generation (outlet, lighting load, for example, use the design value per unit area)
4: Human body load, outside air load (in this embodiment, it is set to 0. When calculating the design load, the sensible heat load is calculated)

  The heat load in the perimeter zone is greatly influenced by the solar radiation load from the window and the through-flow load on the outer wall. Therefore, air conditioning control of the perimeter zone is sensitive to changes in the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation, and realizing quick control leads to improvement of the thermal environment of the perimeter zone. Therefore, the control system 1 captures external factors such as changes in the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation with the thermo camera group 4 and the outside air temperature sensor 3 and performs feedforward control, so that these external factors are converted into the temperature of the perimeter zone. Control the air conditioning system so as not to affect it.

When the computer program for executing the air conditioning control is executed, the control system 1 determines the supply temperature of the air to be sent to each perimeter zone based on the map shown in FIG. The map shown in FIG. 6 is created in advance and stored in the storage device 6. In the present embodiment, as shown in the map of FIG. 6, the relationship between the outside air temperature and the supply air temperature is defined by a linear function. When the horizontal axis is x and the vertical axis is y, there is no solar radiation. y = −0.2942x + 32.356, and y = −0.2942x + 27.482 when there is solar radiation. The coefficients of these functions that define the relationship between the outside air temperature and the supply air temperature vary depending on the heat insulation performance of the building 10A, the performance of the air conditioning system, the assumed weather conditions, and the like. Each coefficient is determined based on the following equation.
(Supply temperature) = (Assumed room temperature)-(Temperature difference)
(Temperature difference) = (Load due to solar radiation and outside air temperature) ÷ (Selected air volume)

Here, the control system 1 defines the relationship between the temperature of the air (supply temperature) sent to each perimeter zone set on all floors and the outside temperature, as shown in the above formula, The amount of solar radiation is used in determining In the map shown in FIG. 6, in defining the relationship between the supply air temperature and the outside air temperature, the relationship is divided into two cases where there is solar radiation and when there is no solar radiation. The correlation between the supply air temperature and the outside air temperature may be finely defined for each amount of solar radiation as shown in FIG. In the map shown in FIG. 7, the correlation between the supply air temperature and the outside air temperature is defined based on the following equation. Each coefficient is determined based on the above formula.
Solar radiation amount 0 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 32.356
Solar radiation 50 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 31.826
Solar radiation amount 100 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 30.658
Solar radiation amount 200 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 29.599
Solar radiation 300 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 28.540
Solar radiation 400 (W / m ² ): y = −0.2942x + 27.482

By the way, as described above, a portion where the sun hits and a portion where the sun does not hit are generated on the outer wall surface of the building 10A. Therefore, when determining the supply air temperature, the control system 1 determines a function to be referred to on the map based on the presence or absence of solar radiation in each perimeter zone specified by the thermo camera group 4. In other words, when the control system 1 detects the presence of solar radiation in the perimeter zone by the thermo camera group 4 when determining the air supply temperature of a specific perimeter zone, the outside air temperature and the air supply when there is solar radiation are detected. A value determined based on the map defining the correlation with the temperature and the actual outside air temperature is determined as the supply air temperature to the perimeter zone. Further, if the control system 1 detects that there is no solar radiation in the perimeter zone, the control system 1 determines based on a map that defines the correlation between the outside air temperature and the supply air temperature when there is no solar radiation and the actual outside air temperature. The obtained value is determined as the supply air temperature to the perimeter zone. In addition, about the part which caught that there was no solar radiation with the thermocamera group 4, instead of treating solar radiation amount as 0 (W / m < ² >), for example, solar radiation amount slightly lower than the part with solar radiation, for example,- For example, it may be a process of subtracting the amount of solar radiation where there is solar radiation, such as the amount of solar radiation of 50 (W / m ² ) or the amount of solar radiation of −100 (W / m ² ). The correlation between the image captured by each thermo camera 4N, 4W, 4S, 4E and the corresponding perimeter zone position is specified based on a predetermined table in which the correlation between the position in the image and the position of the perimeter zone is assigned in advance. To do.

The thermo camera group 4 measures the temperature of the outer wall surface (in particular, the surface temperature of the glass of the window of the outer wall surface that affects the air conditioning of the perimeter zone), and cannot measure the presence or absence of solar radiation. . However, in this embodiment, if the temperature of the outer wall surface captured by the thermocamera group 4 exceeds a predetermined threshold that is relatively determined by comparing with the outer wall surface of other surfaces or the outside air sound, solar radiation is generated. It is processed as if there is, and if it does not exceed, it is processed as if there is no solar radiation. Such a predetermined threshold value may be corrected at any time using date / time data or outside air temperature data so as to be appropriately corrected in relation to the season or outside air temperature, or four outer wall surfaces. It may be made to identify whether there is solar radiation in a specific outer wall surface by comparing each temperature of these. Further, when the correlation between the supply air temperature and the outside air temperature is set stepwise according to the amount of solar radiation as shown in FIG. 7, any solar radiation depending on the temperature of the outer wall surface captured by the thermo camera group 4. Whether to refer to the quantity map may be defined in advance, and the reference map may be determined from the measured actual temperature of the outer wall surface. For example, when the thermocamera group 4 measures that the temperature of the outer wall surface of the part corresponding to a certain perimeter zone is 10 ° C., the amount of solar radiation is 50 (W / ^{m 2)} shall refer to the function of, in the case of ^{20 ℃ 200 (W / m 2} ), will transform function to refer to and so on as long as ^{25 ℃ 400 (W / m 2} ). However, such a relationship is only an example. The amount of solar radiation corresponding to the temperature measured by the thermo camera group 4 is appropriately determined according to the outside air temperature and season, the color and material of the outer wall surface of the building, and the like.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, it is assumed that the building 10A has nine floors and the left-side solar radiation is blocked from the first floor to the eighth floor of the outer wall surface on the south side. In this case, the control system 1 supplies the actual air temperature and the value specified from the above map when there is solar radiation for the air supply temperature of the 9th floor perimeter zones 3-1 and 4-1 of the building 10A. Determine as temperature. The same applies to the perimeter zone 4-1 from the first floor to the eighth floor of the building 10A. On the other hand, the control system 1 determines the air supply temperature of the perimeter zone 3-1 of the first floor to the eighth floor of the building 10 </ b> A using the actual outside air temperature and the value specified from the above map when there is no solar radiation amount. Determine as. The supply air temperature determined by the control system 1 is transmitted to a perimeter air conditioner 12 that sends air to each perimeter zone. The perimeter air conditioner 12 compares the output from a supply air temperature sensor (not shown) with the control target value of the supply air temperature transmitted from the control system 1 and determines the flow rate of cold / hot water flowing through the heating coil and the cooling coil. The feedback control is adjusted by changing the opening of the. As a result, the temperature of each perimeter zone is maintained at a predetermined 25 ° C. regardless of changes in solar radiation. Note that the temperature of air supplied to the perimeter zone with solar radiation is lower than the temperature of air supplied to the perimeter zone without solar radiation.

When the control system 1 includes a portion with solar radiation and a portion without solar radiation in a specific region of the outer wall surface corresponding to the same perimeter zone, the control system 1 sets the air supply temperature of the perimeter zone as follows. decide. That is, the control system 1 is configured so that the comfort of the perimeter zone is highest when a portion with and without solar radiation is mixed in a specific region of the outer wall surface corresponding to the same perimeter zone. Determine the supply air temperature. In order to maximize the comfort of the perimeter zone, for example, it is determined which area of the portion with or without solar radiation is larger and the larger one is adopted. In this way, when there are even people in the perimeter zone, the number of people who feel comfortable is greater than the number of people who do not feel comfortable. I can say that. However, if the air conditioning system is configured so that the temperature of the air supplied to the perimeter zone can be adjusted for each fine zone, the comfort of the perimeter zone can be further increased.

  In addition, you may make it the control system 1 perform only the process of the control according to solar radiation, for example in the time zone in the daytime when solar radiation may exist. The measurement cycle when measuring solar radiation is appropriately determined according to the rate of change of solar radiation and the multiplier of the influence of feedforward control on air conditioning control.

  By the way, in the said embodiment, although the thermocamera group 4 is utilized in order to catch the present solar radiation state, it can also be used for the prediction of the change of solar radiation, for example by catching the motion of the part which is a shadow. In order to predict the change in solar radiation, the movement of the boundary between the part where the solar radiation is blocked and the part where the solar radiation is not blocked is tracked in the image of the thermo camera group 4, and the speed and direction of movement of this boundary part are analyzed. Realized by predicting movement. Thus, if the change of the solar radiation estimated in this way is caught and feed-forward control of the supply air temperature in each perimeter zone is performed, the comfort of a perimeter zone can be improved further. In addition, in the above embodiment, since the presence or absence of solar radiation is captured by a thermo camera, the cost of equipment can be reduced compared to the case where the presence or absence of solar radiation is individually captured by installing a solar radiation sensor in each perimeter zone, Prediction of changes in solar radiation that cannot be obtained even if solar radiation sensors are installed in each perimeter zone.

  The structure of the control system for air conditioning which concerns on the modification of the said embodiment is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the control system 1 ′ includes a control unit 2, an outside air temperature sensor 3, a thermo camera group 4, and a solar sensor group 16 that measures the amount of solar radiation per unit area of the outer wall surface.

  A building to which the control system 1 'is applied is shown in FIG. In the building 10A to which the control system 1 'is applied, as shown in FIG. 10, in addition to the thermo camera group 4, a solar radiation sensor group 16 is installed on the roof. As shown in FIG. 10, the solar radiation sensor group 16 is installed on the top of the outer wall surface where the amount of solar radiation can change according to the direction of the sun and weather conditions. In this embodiment, the north side, the east side, the south side, and the west side A solar radiation sensor 16N, a solar radiation sensor 16E, a solar radiation sensor 16S, and a solar radiation sensor 16W are installed on the top of the outer wall surface of the solar panel. In addition, the solar radiation sensor group 16 may be installed in any location as long as the solar radiation amount of the outer wall surface can be measured, and is not limited to a mode of being installed on the roof of the building 10A. In addition, regarding the thermo camera group 4, unlike the control system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the thermo camera 4S and the thermo camera 4W are respectively installed only on the south side and the west side of the building 10A where the shade can be generated by the building 10B. ing.

  The control system 1 ′ according to the present modification captures external factors such as changes in the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation by the solar radiation sensor group 16 and the thermo camera group 4 and performs feedforward control. Suppress these effects before applying temperature changes to the zone. In determining the temperature of the air sent to each perimeter zone (supply air temperature) set on all floors, the control system 1 ′ determines the amount of solar radiation in addition to the outside air temperature and the temperature of the outer wall surface when determining the supply air temperature. Used. For example, the determination of the supply air temperature of the perimeters 3-1 and 4-1 facing the south side is shown in FIG. 7, the measurement value of the solar radiation sensor 16S that measures the amount of solar radiation on the south outer wall surface and the actual outside air temperature. Based on the map. The same applies to the west, east, and north sides.

Here, when determining the supply air temperature, the control system 1 ′ refers to the map on the basis of the presence or absence of solar radiation in each perimeter zone specified based on the temperature distribution of the outer wall surface measured by the thermo camera group 4. Determine the power function. That is, if the control system 1 ′ determines that there is solar radiation in the perimeter zone by the thermo camera group 4 when determining the supply air temperature of the specific perimeter zone, the solar radiation sensor group corresponding to the perimeter zone The value specified from the map based on the amount of solar radiation measured in 16 and the outside air temperature is determined as the supply air temperature. Further, when the control system 1 ′ determines the supply air temperature of a specific perimeter zone and the thermo camera group 4 detects that there is no solar radiation in the perimeter zone, the control system 1 ′ reduces the amount of solar radiation to 0 (W / m ^2). ), The value specified from the map based on the outside air temperature is determined as the supply air temperature.

For example, in the example shown in FIG. 7, the control system 1 ′ uses the measured value of the solar radiation sensor 16 </ b> S and the actual outside air temperature for the air supply temperatures of the 9th floor perimeter zones 3-1 and 4-1 of the building 10 </ b> A. Based on this, the value specified from the map of FIG. 7 is determined as the supply air temperature. The same applies to the perimeter zone 4-1 from the first floor to the eighth floor of the building 10A. On the other hand, the control system 1 ′ uses the air temperature of the perimeter zone 3-1 from the first floor to the eighth floor of the building 10A as shown in FIG. 7 based on the actual outside air temperature when the solar radiation amount is 0 (W / m ² ). The value specified from the map is determined as the supply air temperature.

  Thus, if the solar radiation sensor is used in addition to the thermo camera, the supply air temperature can be determined more precisely. As a result, since the air conditioning of the perimeter zone is controlled with higher accuracy, the comfort of the perimeter zone can be further improved.

  In addition, in the said embodiment and modification, each floor is divided | segmented into 4 blocks, However, You may divide into 3 or less blocks or 5 or more blocks. Moreover, these divisions may differ from each other on each floor.

1, 1 '··· Control system 2 ··· Control unit 4 · · Thermo camera group 10A, 10B · · Building 11 · · Interior air conditioner 12 · · Perimeter air conditioner 16 · · Solar radiation sensor group

Claims (3)

An air conditioning control system for an adjacent building with a structure that blocks solar radiation,
A thermo camera for measuring the temperature distribution of the outer wall surface of the building;
Adjusting means for adjusting the control amount of air conditioning of each perimeter zone of the building according to the distribution of solar radiation on the outer wall surface of the building specified based on the temperature distribution captured by the thermo camera,
Air conditioning control system. The solar radiation sensor for measuring the solar radiation amount of the outer wall surface of the building, which is installed at a location where the solar radiation is not blocked by the structure,
The adjusting means is configured to specify an air conditioning control amount of each perimeter zone of the building that controls a supply air temperature according to an output of the solar radiation sensor based on a temperature distribution captured by the thermo camera. Adjust according to the distribution of solar radiation on the wall,
The air conditioning control system according to claim 1. The adjusting means raises the air supply temperature of the air conditioning of the perimeter zone corresponding to the relatively low temperature portion of the outer wall surface captured by the thermo camera.
The air conditioning control system according to claim 1 or 2.

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