JP2011158018A - Hydrostatic pressure guide device and machine tool equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrostatic guide device which realizes the improvement of smooth movement with high precision. <P>SOLUTION: The device contains a bed 11 equipped with linearly extending guide rails 12a, 12b and a column bed 13 movable along the guide rails 12a, 12b of the bed 11. Sliding parts 13c, 13d of the column bed 13 opposed to the guide rails 12a, 12b of the bed 11 are provided with a plurality of hydrostatic pockets 25-28, 31-36 along a moving direction of the column bed 13. In a plurality of hydrostatic pockets 25-28, 31-36, the hydrostatic pockets 31-36 in position other than both ends in the moving direction of the column bed 13 are made smaller than the hydrostatic pockets 25-28 at both ends. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a static pressure guide device and a machine tool including the same.

  In an industrial machine such as a machine tool, a linear motion guide device is generally used as a device that guides a machine part that moves linearly on a predetermined axis in the moving direction, and one type thereof is a static pressure guide device.

  As a static pressure guide device, for example, in Patent Document 1, a plurality of upper static pressure pockets are provided side by side on a sliding portion of a table that slides on a rail portion of a bed, and all the sizes of the plurality of upper static pressure pockets are the same. A static pressure guide device is disclosed.

JP 2004-92879 A (see, for example, paragraphs [0045] and [FIG. 8] in the specification)

  In the static pressure guide device described in Patent Document 1 described above, the table can be moved smoothly with high accuracy, but further improvement has been demanded. In particular, when the column installed on the column base is large and the machine tool is not installed in a temperature-controlled environment, the bed rail and column base sliding section on which the column base slides undulate. In some cases, the column base may not be able to move smoothly with high accuracy relative to the rail portion of the bed.

  Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a static pressure guide device that improves smooth movement with high accuracy and a machine tool including the same. .

The static pressure guide device according to the first invention for solving the above-described problem is as follows.
A first member having a sliding portion extending linearly;
A second member movable along the sliding portion of the first member,
A plurality of static pressure pockets are provided along the moving direction of the second member on the sliding surface of the second member facing the sliding portion of the first member,
The static pressure pockets other than both ends in the moving direction of the second member among the plurality of static pressure pockets are made smaller than the static pressure pockets at both ends.

A machine tool according to the second invention for solving the above-described problem is as follows.
A saddle that rotatably supports a spindle on which a tool is detachably mounted, a column that supports the saddle so as to be movable, and a column base that supports the column so as to be movable on a rail portion of the bed, A machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving a tool and the workpiece,
Comprising the static pressure guide device according to the first invention;
The first member is the bed, and the second member is the column base.

A machine tool according to a third invention for solving the above-described problem is as follows.
A machine tool according to the second invention,
The static pressure pockets other than the both end portions are provided at locations facing the column.

  According to the static pressure guide device of the present invention, the static pressure pockets other than both ends in the moving direction of the second member among the plurality of static pressure pockets are made smaller than the static pressure pockets at both ends. More hydraulic oil is supplied to the static pressure pockets at both ends in the moving direction of the two members than to the static pressure pockets other than both ends. Thereby, even if it is a case where the sliding part of a 1st member and the sliding surface of a 2nd member undulate, it can move with high precision and smoothly.

It is the schematic of the horizontal boring machine to which the static pressure guide apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention was applied. It is sectional drawing of the column base showing the static pressure guide apparatus of 1st embodiment. It is the figure which showed the bottom face of the column base typically. It is principal part sectional drawing of the horizontal boring machine to which the static pressure guide apparatus of 1st embodiment was applied.

  An embodiment of a static pressure guide device according to the present invention and a machine tool including the same will be described in detail.

[First embodiment]
A static pressure guide device according to a first embodiment and a machine tool including the static pressure guide device will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, a case where the present invention is applied to a horizontal boring machine will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a machine tool 1 that is a large horizontal boring machine is provided with a bed (first member) 11 that is fixed to a floor surface. A pair of left and right guide rails (sliding portions) 12a and 12b are provided. A column base (second member) 13 is supported on the guide rails 12a and 12b via a static pressure guide device 20 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction. A column 14 is erected on the column base 13. Therefore, the column 14 can be moved in the X-axis direction by driving column driving means including a column driving motor and a column feed screw mechanism (not shown).

  On the front surface of the column 14, a pair of left and right guide rails 15a and 15b extending in the Y-axis direction are provided. A saddle 16 is supported on the guide rails 15a and 15b so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the saddle 16 can be moved in the Y-axis direction by driving saddle drive means including a saddle drive motor and a saddle feed screw mechanism (not shown).

  The saddle 16 is formed with a guide portion 17 that penetrates in the Z-axis direction. A ram 18 is supported in the guide portion 17 so as to be slidable in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the ram 18 can be moved in the Z-axis direction by driving a ram drive means including a ram drive motor and a ram feed screw mechanism (not shown).

  A main shaft 19 is supported in the ram 18 so as to be rotatable and slidable in the W-axis direction. A tool T for performing predetermined processing is detachably attached to the tip of the main shaft 19. Therefore, by driving a spindle rotating means including a spindle rotating motor (not shown), the spindle 19 can rotate around the W axis, and further drives a spindle driving means including a spindle driving motor, a spindle feed screw mechanism, etc. (not shown). By doing so, the main shaft 19 is movable in the W-axis direction.

  Further, a table bed 51 fixed to the floor surface is provided on the side of the bed 11. On the upper surface of the table bed 51, a pair of front and rear guide rails 52a and 52b extending in the Z-axis direction are provided. A table base 53 is supported on the guide rails 52a and 52b so as to be slidable in the Z-axis direction. A rotary table 54 is rotatably supported on the table base 53. A work (workpiece) W is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the rotary table 54. Therefore, the table base 53 can be moved in the Z-axis direction by driving a table drive means including a table drive motor and a table feed screw mechanism (not shown). By driving a table rotating means having a table rotating motor (not shown), the rotating table 54 can rotate around the Y axis.

  The machine tool 1 is provided with an NC device 60 for controlling the entire machine tool. The NC device 60 is connected to each of the driving means and the rotating means described above, and switches the moving direction and moving speed of the tool T and the workpiece W and adjusts the moving amount and rotating amount of the tool T and the tool T. In addition, the positioning control of the workpiece W and the indexing control of the workpiece W are performed. As a result, the tool T and the workpiece W are relatively moved, and a predetermined shape is machined into the workpiece W.

  In the horizontal boring machine configured in this way, the column base 13 is fast and accurate with respect to the bed 11 even when the guide rails 12a and 12b and the sliding portions 13c and 13d of the column base 13 have undulations. The column base 13 is supported by the bed 11 so as to be movable by the static pressure guide device 20.

  2 and 4, the bed 11 includes a pair of left and right guide rails 21 and 22 at the top thereof. The left and right guide rails 21 and 22 have an L-shape that extends upward (in the Y-axis direction) and protrudes outward at the upper portion thereof. On the other hand, the column base 13 is provided with guide portions 21 and 22 extending downward on both sides thereof. Back plates 23 and 24 that support the guide rails 21 and 22 from below are fixed to lower ends of the guide portions 21 and 22 with bolts (not shown), respectively. Thereby, the reaction force when hydraulic fluid is supplied to the center side static pressure pockets 31a to 36a described later can be obtained.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a plurality of pads 25 to 28 and 31 to 36 are provided on the sliding portions 13 c and 13 d of the column base 13 facing the guide rails 12 a and 12 b. That is, on the sliding portion 13c of the column base 13 facing the guide rail 12a, the front pad 25, the central pads 31 to 33, and the rear pad 26 are sequentially arranged from the front portion 13a to the rear portion 13b of the column base 13. Is formed. A front pad 27, central pads 34 to 36, and a rear pad 28 are formed in this order from the front portion 13a to the rear portion 13b of the column base 13 on the sliding portion 13d of the column base 13 facing the guide rail 12b. Has been. The central pads 31 to 36 are provided at locations facing the column 14. Each of the pads 25 to 28 and 31 to 36 is provided with pockets 25a to 28a and 31a to 36a, respectively, and lands 25b to 28b and 31b to 36b contacting the guide rails 12a and 12b, respectively.

  The front pads 25 and 27 and the rear pads 26 and 28 are formed to have a width W1 in the width direction (Z-axis direction) and have a length L1 in the length direction (X-axis direction). Formed in size. The center side pads 31 to 36 are formed to have the same width W1 as the front and rear pads 25 to 28 in the width direction (Z-axis direction), and in the length direction (X-axis direction). The length L2 is shorter than the front and rear pads 25-28. That is, the center side static pressure pockets 31a to 36a corresponding to the center side pads 31 to 36 are formed smaller than the front side and rear side static pressure pockets 25a to 28a corresponding to the front side and rear side pads 25 to 28.

  The pockets 25a to 28a and 31a to 36a are formed with hydraulic pressure supply holes 41 and 47 communicating from the outside. The hydraulic pressure supply holes 41 and 47 have independent throttles 42, hydraulic pressure supply lines 43, throttles 44, A supply pump 45 and a tank 46 are connected.

  Accordingly, the supply pump 45 is operated to supply the hydraulic oil in the supply tank 46 through the throttle 44, the hydraulic supply line 43, the hydraulic supply holes 41 and 47, and the throttle 42, the front static pressure pockets 25a and 27a, and the central static pressure. By supplying each of the pockets 31a to 36a and the rear side static pressure pockets 26a and 28a, the weight of the column base 13 including the main shaft 19, the ram 18, the saddle 16 and the column 14, the front side static pressure pockets 25a and 27a, and the rear The upward force acting on the side static pressure pockets 26a and 28a is balanced. As a result, the hydraulic oil is interposed between the guide rails 12a and 12b and the sliding portions 13c and 13d of the column base 13, and there is almost no downward force acting on the guide rails 12a and 12b. 11 can move smoothly. Furthermore, the front and rear static pressure pockets 25a to 28a are larger than the central static pressure pockets 31a to 36a, and the hydraulic oil is correspondingly larger than the central static pressure pockets 31a to 36a. A large amount will be supplied to 28a. Thereby, even when the guide rails 12a and 12b of the bed 11 and the sliding portions 13c and 13d of the column base 13 undulate, the column base 13 moves on the guide rails 12a and 12b with high accuracy and smoothly. Can do.

  Further, the supply pump 45 is operated to supply the hydraulic oil in the supply tank 46 through the throttle 44, the hydraulic supply line 43, the hydraulic supply holes 41 and 47, and the throttle 42, the front static pressure pockets 25a and 27a, and the central static pressure. By supplying each of the pockets 31a to 36a and the rear side static pressure pockets 26a and 28a, the inertia force when the ram 18 moves in the Z-axis direction, the force when machining the workpiece with the tool T, and the center side static pressure pocket 31a. Balance upward force acting on ~ 36a. Thereby, the rigidity of the Y-axis direction at the time of a workpiece | work processing is securable. Furthermore, the center side static pressure pockets 31a to 36a are provided at the positions facing the column 14 as described above, and thereby the downward force obtained by supplying the hydraulic oil to the center side static pressure pockets 31a to 36a is applied to the column. 14, the rigidity in the Y-axis direction during workpiece machining can be efficiently ensured.

  Therefore, according to the static pressure guide device 20 according to the present embodiment, the bed 11 including the guide rails 12a and 12b extending linearly, and the column base 13 movable along the guide rails 12a and 12b of the bed 11 are provided. And a plurality of static pressure pockets 25a to 28a and 31a to 36a along the moving direction of the column base 13 on the sliding portions 13c and 13d of the column base 13 facing the guide rails 12a and 12b of the bed 11. By providing the static pressure pockets 31a-36a other than both ends smaller than the static pressure pockets 25a-28a at both ends in the moving direction of the column base 13 among the plurality of static pressure pockets 25a-28a, 31a-36a In the moving direction of the column base 13, the static pressure pockets 31a- Hydraulic fluid will be many supplied compared to 6a. Thereby, even if the guide rails 12a and 12b of the bed 11 and the sliding portions 13c and 13d of the column base 13 swell, the bed 11 can move with high accuracy and smoothly.

  Subsequently, the static pressure guide device 20 in which the pads 31 to 36 at the center are smaller than the pads 25 to 28 at both ends, and the conventional static pressure guide device in which the sizes of the plurality of pads are all the same, as described above. Each was simulated. In this simulation, five pads are provided in the length direction (movement direction), the length (size in the movement direction) is 1800 mm, and the width (size in the direction orthogonal to the movement direction) is 1450 mm. The case of applying to the base was analyzed.

  First, all the pads in the conventional static pressure guide device have a length of 350 mm and a width of 250 mm. The size between adjacent pads was 12.5 mm. Therefore, the total length of the five pads was 1750 mm.

  The pads at both ends of the above-described static pressure guide device have a length of 450 mm and a width of 250 mm. The pads other than the ends were 150 mm in length and 250 mm in width. The size between adjacent pads was 12.5 mm. Therefore, the total length of the five pads was 1350 mm.

  Therefore, it was confirmed that the total area of the plurality of pads by the above-described static pressure guide device is smaller than that of the conventional static pressure guide device. Thereby, it turned out that the man-hour which processes a pad can be reduced. It has been found that the amount of hydraulic oil used can be reduced. It has been found that the pump for supplying hydraulic oil can be miniaturized.

[Other Embodiments]
In addition, although the case where it applied to the column base 13 in a horizontal boring board was demonstrated above, it is also possible to apply to the mobile body provided so that it could move along the guide rail of a support body, such as a saddle and a table base. It is.

  In the above description, the static pressure guide device 20 including the rectangular pads 25 to 28 and 31 to 36 has been described. However, the shape of the pad is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be changed to a circular shape or an elliptical shape. .

  In the above description, the static pressure guide device 20 provided with six pads in the moving direction of the column base 13 has been described. However, the number of pads is not limited to six, and the number of pads may be less than six. Can also be increased.

  In the above description, the three central pads are provided in the moving direction of the column base 13 and the static pressure guide device 20 in which the sizes of the three central pads are all the same has been described. It is also possible to vary the size of the pad.

  According to the static pressure guide device and the machine tool including the same according to the present invention, the static pressure guide device and the machine tool including the same can be used effectively in the machine tool industry and the like because they can move smoothly with high accuracy.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine tool 11 Bed 12a, 12b Guide rail 13 Column base 14 Column 15a, 15b Guide rail 16 Saddle 17 Guide part 18 Ram 19 Main shaft 20 Static pressure guide apparatus 21, 22 Guide part 23, 24 Back plate 25, 27 Front pad 25a , 27a Static pressure pockets 25b, 27b Lands 26, 28 Rear side pads 26a, 28a Static pressure pockets 26b, 28b Lands 31-36 Central side pads 31a-36a Static pressure pockets 31b-36b Land 41 Hydraulic supply hole 42 Restriction 47 Hydraulic supply Hole 43 Hydraulic supply line 44 Restriction 45 Supply pump 46 Tank 51 Table beds 52a and 52b Guide rail 53 Table base 54 Rotary table T Tool W Workpiece (Workpiece)

Claims (3)

A first member having a linearly extending sliding surface;
A second member movable along the sliding surface of the first member,
A plurality of static pressure pockets are provided along the moving direction of the second member in the sliding portion of the second member facing the sliding surface of the first member,
A static pressure guide device characterized in that, in the moving direction of the second member among the plurality of static pressure pockets, the static pressure pockets other than both ends are made smaller than the static pressure pockets at both ends. A saddle that rotatably supports a spindle on which a tool is detachably mounted, a column that supports the saddle so as to be movable, and a column base that supports the column so as to be movable on a rail portion of the bed, A machine tool for processing a workpiece by relatively moving a tool and the workpiece,
Comprising the static pressure guide device according to claim 1;
A machine tool, wherein the support is the bed and the movable body is the column base. The machine tool according to claim 2,
The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the static pressure pockets other than the both end portions are provided at locations facing the column.

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