JP2010538024A - I型及びii型抗cd20抗体による組合せ治療 - Google Patents
I型及びii型抗cd20抗体による組合せ治療 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
a)該第1の抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ(Raji)細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20へのその結合能力の比が0.8〜1.2である、
b)該第1の抗CD20抗体は、第2の抗CD20抗体としてのII型抗CD20抗体と同時投与される、
c)該第2の抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20へのその結合能力の比が0.3〜0.6である、
ことを特徴とする。
a)該第1の抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20へのその結合能力の比が0.8〜1.2である、
b)該第1の抗CD20抗体は、第2の抗CD20抗体としてのII型抗CD20抗体と同時投与される、
c)該第2の抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20へのその結合能力の比が0.3〜0.6である、
ことを特徴とする。
好ましくは該第1及び第2の抗CD20抗体(I型とII型)はモノクローナル抗体である。
好ましくは該I型抗CD20抗体はリツキシマブである。
好ましくは該II型抗CD20抗体はヒト化B−Ly1抗体である。
好ましくは該II型抗CD20抗体は、上昇した抗体依存性細胞障害作用(ADCC)を有する。
好ましくは該II型抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20へのその結合能力の比が0.35〜0.55、さらに好ましくは0.4〜0.5である。
好ましくはキットは、該I型抗CD20抗体がリツキシマブであり、該II型抗CD20抗体がヒト化B−Ly1抗体であり、該CD20発現癌がB細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)であることを特徴とする。
用語「抗体」は、本発明の特徴が維持される限りは、特に限定されないが、全抗体、ヒト抗体、ヒト化抗体、及び遺伝子操作抗体、例えばモノクローナル抗体、キメラ抗体、もしくは組換え抗体、ならびにかかる抗体の断片を含む種々の型の抗体を包含する。
ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20への結合能力の比=
2)このアッセイは、エフェクター細胞として、ランダムに選択された健常ドナーの血液から単離されたヒト末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を使用する;
i)PBMCは標準的密度遠心分離法を使用して単離され、RPMI細胞培養培地中に5×106細胞/mlで懸濁される;
ii)標的細胞は標準的組織培養法により培養され、90%より大きい生存活性を有する指数増殖期から採取され、RPMI細胞培養培地で洗浄され、100マイクロキュリーの”CI−で標識され、細胞培養培地で2回洗浄され、10細胞/mlの密度で細胞培養培地に再懸濁される;
iii)上記の最終標的細胞懸濁物100マイクロリットルが、96ウェルマイクロタイタープレートの各ウェルに移される;
iv)抗体は細胞培養培地で4000ng/mlから0.04ng/mlに連続希釈され、得られた抗体溶液の50マイクロリットルが96ウェルマイクロタイタープレート中の標的細胞に添加され、上記の全濃度範囲をカバーする種々の抗体濃度が三重測定で試験される;
v)最大放出(MR)対照のために、標識標的細胞を含有するプレート中の3つの追加のウェルに、抗体溶液の代わりに(上記iv)、非イオン性界面活性剤(Nonidet、Sigma, St. Lours)の2%(VN)水溶液50マイクロリットルを加える;
vi)自発的放出(SR)対照のために、標識標的細胞を含有するプレート中の3つの追加のウェルに、抗体溶液の代わりに(上記iv)、RPMI細胞培養培地50マイクロリットルを加える;
vii)次に96ウェルマイクロタイタープレートを50×gで1分間遠心分離し、4℃で1時間インキュベートする;
viii)各ウェルに50マイクロリットルのPBMC懸濁物(上記i)を加えて、エフェクター:標的細胞比25:1を得て、プレートを5% CO2雰囲気下で37℃のインキュベーター中に4時間入れる;
ix)各ウェルの細胞不含上清を採取し、実験的放出放射活性(ER)をガンマカウンターで定量する;
x)各抗体濃度について特異的溶解の割合を、式(ER−MR)/(MR−SR)×100に従って計算される[ここで、ERは抗体濃度について定量された平均放射活性(上記ix参照)であり、MRはMR対照(上記V参照)について定量された平均放射活性であり、SRはSR対照(上記vi参照)について定量された平均放射活性である];
本発明で使用される抗体の治療用製剤は、所望の程度の純度を有する抗体を、随時の医薬的に許容し得る担体、賦形剤、又は安定剤(Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences 16th edition, Osol, A. Ed. (1980))とともに、凍結乾燥製剤又は水溶液の形で混合することにより、保存用に調製される。許容される担体、賦形剤、又は安定剤は、使用される用量と濃度で受容者にとって非毒性のものであり、例えば、リン酸塩、クエン酸塩、他の他の有機酸などの緩衝液;アスコルビン酸及びメチオニンを含む抗酸化剤;保存剤(例えば、オクタデシルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロリド;塩化ヘキサメトニウム;塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム;フェノール、ブチルもしくはベンジルアルコール;アルキルパラベン、例えばメチルもしくはプロピルパラベン;カテコール;レソルシノール;シクロヘキサノール;3−ペンタノール;及びm−クレゾール);低分子量(約10残基未満)ポリペプチド;タンパク質、例えば血清アルブミン、ゼラチン、又は免疫グロブリン;親水性ポリマー、例えばポリビニルピロリドン;アミノ酸、例えばグリシン、グルタミン、アスパラギン、ヒスチジン、アルギニン、もしくはリジン;単糖、二糖、及び他の炭水化物(グルコース、マンノース、又はデキストリンを含む);キレート剤、例えばEDTA;糖、例えばショ糖、マンニトール、トレハロース、又はソルビトール;塩形成性対イオン、例えばナトリウム;金属錯体(例えば、Zn−タンパク質錯体);及び/又は非イオン性界面活性剤、例えばツイーン(登録商標)、プルロニクス(登録商標)、又はポリエチレングリコール(PEG)がある。
a)該I型抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20へのその結合能力の比が0.8〜1.2である、
b)該第1の抗CD20抗体はII型抗CD20抗体と同時投与される、
c)該II型抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20へのその結合能力の比が0.3〜0.6である、
ことを特徴とする。
好ましくは該I型抗CD20抗体はリツキシマブである。
好ましくは該II型抗CD20抗体はヒト化B−Ly1抗体である。
好ましくは該II型抗CD20抗体は、上昇した抗体依存性細胞障害作用(ADCC)を有する。
配列番号1:マウスモノクローナル抗CD20抗体B−Ly1の重鎖の可変領域(VH)のアミノ酸配列。
配列番号2:マウスモノクローナル抗CD20抗体B−Ly1の軽鎖の可変領域(VL)のアミノ酸配列。
配列番号3〜19:ヒト化B−Ly1抗体(B−HH2〜B−HH9、B−HL8、及びB−HL10〜B−HL17)の重鎖の可変領域(VH)のアミノ酸配列。
配列番号20:ヒト化B−Ly1抗体B−KV1の軽鎖の可変領域(VL)のアミノ酸配列。
I型抗CD20抗体リツキシマブは、ストック溶液(c=10mg/ml)としてHoffman La Roche, Basel, Switzerlandから提供された。緩衝液は、ポリソルベート80、塩化ナトリウム、及びクエン酸ナトリウムを含む。
両方の溶液を、先行注入用にストックからPBSで適切に希釈した。
OCI−Ly18ヒト非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)細胞(Chang, H. et al., Leuk Lymphoma, 1992 Sep:8(1-2): 129-36)(びまん性大細胞リンパ腫−DLCL)を使用した。腫瘍細胞株を、20%胎児牛血清(PAA Laboratoris, Austria)、2mM L−グルタミン、25nM ヘペス、及び0.05mMメルカプトエタノールを補足したINDM培地(PAA Laboratoris, Austria)中で、37℃で、5%CO2の水飽和雰囲気中で日常的に培養した。継代2を移植に使用した。
雌のSCIDベージュマウス[到着時4〜5週齢(Bomholtgard, Ry, Denmarkから購入)]を、専用のガイドライン(GV-Solas; Felasa; TierschG)に従って特定病原体不含条件下で、毎日12時間/12時間の明暗サイクルで維持した。実験の試験プロトコールは、地方自治体により校閲され認可された。到着後、動物を新しい環境に馴れさせるためと観察のために、動物施設の検疫部で1週間維持した。連続的な健康モニタリングを定期的に行った。食餌(Provimi Kliba 3337)と水(酸性化、pH2.5〜3)は自由に与えた。
臨床症状と有害作用の検出のために、動物を毎日管理した。モニタリングのために実験中、動物の体重を週2回記録し、腫瘍容積をステージ分類後ノギスで測定した。
細胞移植の24日後のランダム化の日に、動物の処理を開始した。ヒト化II型抗CD20抗体B−HH6−B−KV1 GE受容群と対応するビヒクル群を、7日毎に試験日24、31、38、45、及び52日目に、指定の30mg/kgの用量で静脈内処理した。単一薬剤としてのI型抗CD20抗体リツキシマブ処理と、II型抗CD20抗体B−HH6−B−KV1 GEとの組合せ処理を、26、33、40、47、及び54日目に行った。
ビヒクル対照を投与された担腫瘍動物は、腫瘍の負担が大きいために処理開始後10日目に除外しなければならなかった。単一薬剤としての毎週30mg/kgのリツキシマブによる動物の処理は、異種移植片増殖を10日間阻害した(TGI 68%)。毎週リツキシマブ単一薬剤注入にもかかわらず、以後腫瘍異種移植片は連続的に成長し続けた。これに対して、B−HH6−B−KV1 GE(30mg/kg)による毎週1回の単一薬剤療法は、OCI−Ly18腫瘍増殖を抑制した(TGI 100%)。しかしB−HH6−B−KV1 GE単一薬剤投与下でも、最後に腫瘍異種移植片は成長し始めた。しかしリツキシマブとB−HH6−B−KV1 GE(両方とも30mg/kg)の組合せは、明らかに優れて有効であった。異種移植腫瘍は抑制され、各単一薬剤抗体群に対して、腫瘍成長停止がずっと維持された。
ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)を、10% FCS(Gibco, Cat. No.10500-064)含有RPMI−1640培地(PanBiotech GmbH, Cat. No. PO4-18500)中で培養して維持した。II型抗CD20抗体B−HH6−B−KV1(ヒト化B−Ly1抗体)とリツキシマブを、製造業者の説明書に従ってCy5モノNHSエステル(Amersham GE Healthcare, Catalogue No. PA15101)を使用して標識した。Cy5結合リツキシマブは標識比が、抗体1分子当たり2.0分子のCy5であった。Cy5結合B−HH6−B−KV1は標識比が、抗体1分子当たり2.2分子のCy5であった。両方の抗体の結合能力と結合様式を測定し比較するために、バーキットリンパ腫細胞株Raji(ATCC-No. CCL-86)を使用して直接免疫蛍光により、結合曲線(Cy5結合リツキシマブとCy5結合B−HH6−B−KV1の力価測定により)を作成した。Cy5結合リツキシマブとCy5結合B−HH6−B−KV1について、それぞれ平均蛍光強度(MFI)をEC50(最大強度の50%)として分析した。1試料当たり5×105細胞を4℃で30分染色した。次に細胞を培地で洗浄した。ヨウ化プロピジウム(PI)染色を使用して、死滅細胞を排除した。測定はFACSArray(Becton Dickinson)を使用して行い、ヨウ化プロピジウム(PI)をファーレッドAで、Cy5をレッドAで測定した。図2は、Cy5標識B−HH6−B−KV1(黒い棒)とCy5標識リツキシマブ(白い棒)のEC50(最大強度の50%)での結合の平均蛍光強度(MFI)を示す。
II型抗CD20抗体B−HH6−B−KV1(グリコ改変(GE)及び野生型(wt))は、ストック溶液(c=9.4mg/mlと12.5mg/ml)としてGlycArt, Schlieren, Switzerlandから提供された。抗体緩衝液は、ヒスチジン、トレハロース、及びポリソルベート80を含有した。
両方の溶液を、先行注入用にストックからPBSで適切に希釈した。
Z138ヒトB細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)細胞は、元々GlycArtから得られた(マントル細胞リンパ腫−MCL)。腫瘍細胞株を、10%胎児牛血清(PAA Laboratoris, Austria)と2mM L−グルタミンを補足したDMEM培地(PAA Laboratoris, Austria)中37℃で、5%CO2の水飽和雰囲気中で日常的に培養した。継代2を移植に使用した。
雌のSCIDベージュマウス[到着時4〜5週齢(Bomholtgard, Ry, Denmarkから購入)]を、専用のガイドライン(GV-Solas; Felasa; TierschG)に従って特定病原体不含条件下で、毎日12時間/12時間の明暗サイクルで維持した。実験の試験プロトコールは、地方自治体により校閲され認可された。到着後、動物を新しい環境に馴れさせるためと観察のために、動物施設の検疫部で1週間維持した。連続的な健康モニタリングを定期的に行った。食餌(Provimi Kliba 3337)と水(酸性化、pH2.5〜3)は自由に与えた。
臨床症状と有害作用の検出のために、動物を毎日管理した。モニタリングのために実験中、動物の体重を週2回記録し、ステージ分類で開始して腫瘍容積をノギスで測定した。
皮下への細胞移植の14日後のランダム化の日に、動物の処理を開始した。ヒト化抗CD20抗体(B−HH6−B−KV1 GEとwt)投与群と対応するビヒクル群を、7日毎に試験日14、20、27、及び34日目に、指定の10mg/kgの用量で静脈内処理した。
ビヒクル対照を投与された担腫瘍動物は、腫瘍の負担が大きいために処理開始後19日目に除外しなければならなかった。wt又はグリコ改変型(B−HH6−B−KV1 GEとwt)としての毎週10mg/kgのB−HH6−B−KV1による動物の処理は、処理開始後まもなく、異種移植片増殖を阻害した。対照の終了時にすべての抗体腫瘍は退縮し、後にZ138腫瘍異種移植片のほとんどは完全に緩解した。この異種移植モデルでは抗CD20抗体B−HH6−B−KV1のwtとグリコ改変型の間に有意な差は観察されなかった。マウスはそのNK細胞上に正しいFc受容体を発現せず、さらにSCIDベージュマウスは、重症の3重免疫不全症のためにNK介在ADCC能は無いと考えられるため、これは予想外であった。従って、SCIDベージュマウスの皮下異種移植モデルは、グリコ改変抗体を用いてヒトADCC性作用を模倣するのに適切ではない。
Claims (16)
- CD20発現癌の治療用医薬の製造のためのI型抗CD20抗体の使用であって、当該I型抗CD20抗体が、II型抗CD20抗体と同時投与されることを特徴とする、前記使用。
- CD20発現癌を患う患者の治療用医薬の製造のためのI型抗CD20抗体の使用であって、当該I型抗CD20抗体がII型抗CD20抗体と同時投与されることを特徴とする、前記使用。
- CD20発現癌の治療のためのI型抗CD20抗体であって、当該I型抗CD20抗体が、II型抗CD20抗体と同時投与されることを特徴とする、前記抗体。
- CD20発現癌を患う患者の治療のためのI型抗CD20抗体であって、当該I型抗CD20抗体がII型抗CD20抗体と同時投与されることを特徴とする、前記抗体。
- 以下の:
a)前記I型抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較したラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20への当該I型抗CD20抗体の結合能力の比が0.8〜1.2であり、かつ
b)前記II型抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較したラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20への当該II型抗CD20抗体の結合能力の比が0.3〜0.6である
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の使用。 - 前記CD20発現癌が、B細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記I型及びII型抗CD20抗体がモノクローナル抗体であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記I型抗CD20抗体がリツキシマブであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記II型抗CD20抗体がヒト化B−Ly1抗体であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- I型抗CD20抗体がリツキシマブであり、II型抗CD20抗体がヒト化B−Ly1抗体であり、CD20発現癌がB細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記II型抗CD20抗体が、上昇した抗体依存性細胞障害作用(ADCC)を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記II型抗CD20抗体のFc領域のオリゴ糖の少なくとも40%又はそれ以上はフコシル化されていないことを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記I型抗CD20抗体が、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20への当該I型抗CD20抗体の結合能力の比が0.9〜1.1であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 前記II型抗CD20抗体は、リツキシマブと比較して、ラージ細胞(ATCC-No. CCL-86)上のCD20への当該II型抗CD20抗体の結合能力の比が0.35〜0.55、好ましくは0.4〜0.5であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のの使用。
- CD20発現癌を患う患者の組合せ治療のための、II型抗CD20抗体とI型抗CD20抗体とを含むキット。
- 前記I型抗CD20抗体がリツキシマブであり、前記II型抗CD20抗体がヒト化B−Ly1抗体であり、そして前記CD20発現癌がB細胞非ホジキンリンパ腫(NHL)であることを特徴とする、請求項15に記載のキット。
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