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JP2009132811A - Dry wire drawing lubricant - Google Patents

Dry wire drawing lubricant Download PDF

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JP2009132811A
JP2009132811A JP2007310382A JP2007310382A JP2009132811A JP 2009132811 A JP2009132811 A JP 2009132811A JP 2007310382 A JP2007310382 A JP 2007310382A JP 2007310382 A JP2007310382 A JP 2007310382A JP 2009132811 A JP2009132811 A JP 2009132811A
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acid
unsaturated fatty
dry
lubricant
salt
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JP5204467B2 (en
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Keiji Okuyama
啓嗣 奥山
Kenzo Fujii
謙三 藤井
Kazuki Maeda
和樹 前田
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Kyoeisha Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-performance dry wire drawing lubricant which can be used under severe wire drawing conditions including a high speed and a high area reduction, can cope with reduction of wire diameters extensively covering fine to thick diameters and with a wire speed extensively covering low to high speeds, and is excellent in lubricity, followability, spreadability, adhesivity, heat resistance, processability, workability, safety, durability, etc. <P>SOLUTION: The dry wire drawing lubricant comprises 30-90 wt.% metal soap of a saturated fatty acid and 1-30 wt.%, based on the metal soap, at least either an unsaturated fatty acid convertible into a polymer under heat and/or under pressure or the polymer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ダイスを用いて金属製被加工原材を引き抜き加工(伸線加工)する際に用いられる潤滑剤に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a lubricant used when a metal workpiece is drawn (drawn) using a die.

鉄鋼のような金属製の被加工原材を、ダイスを用いて引抜いて、目的線径の線材や棒材に塑性変形させる伸線加工の際に、乾式伸線用潤滑剤が汎用されている。この潤滑剤は、被加工原材とダイスとが、直接接触して焼付くのを防止し、滑り易くして安定した加工状態を維持するために、用いられるものである。   Dry wire drawing lubricants are widely used in wire drawing work where a metal workpiece such as steel is drawn using a die and plastically deformed into a wire or bar with the desired wire diameter. . This lubricant is used to prevent the raw material to be processed and the die from coming into direct contact and seizure, to be slippery and to maintain a stable processing state.

汎用の乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸を主要有効成分とし、さらに無機物、添加剤を含んでいる。金属石鹸として、加工用途に応じてナトリウム系石鹸やカルシウム系石鹸が、適宜選択されて用いられている。   General-purpose dry wire drawing lubricants contain a saturated fatty acid metal soap as a main active ingredient, and further contain inorganic substances and additives. As the metal soap, sodium-based soap or calcium-based soap is appropriately selected and used depending on the processing application.

ナトリウム系のようなアルカリ金属系の石鹸を含む乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、滑り性を有した潤滑被膜を形成し易い。しかもその潤滑被膜が水溶性である。そのため、この潤滑剤は、メッキ前や、熱処理前工程の際に、除去し易いという特長を有している。その反面、高温に晒されると、液化してしまうため、潤滑剤に必要な追随性が失われ、線材への展着性が低下するという理由で、高速伸線などの過酷な条件で伸線加工するには、不向きである。さらに、折角、線材へ展着できたとしても、それにより形成された潤滑被膜が剥離し易い所為で、剥離した被膜から生じた粉塵による作業環境の悪化、作業者の健康被害、環境汚染などを引き起こすという問題があった。   A dry-drawing lubricant containing an alkali metal soap such as sodium is easy to form a lubricating film having slipperiness. Moreover, the lubricating coating is water soluble. Therefore, this lubricant has a feature that it is easy to remove before plating or pre-heat treatment. On the other hand, it will be liquefied when exposed to high temperatures, and the followability required for the lubricant will be lost, and the spreadability to the wire will be reduced, so that it will be drawn under severe conditions such as high-speed drawing. It is unsuitable for processing. In addition, even if it can be spread on the wire or wire, the lubrication film formed by it can be easily peeled off, resulting in deterioration of the work environment due to dust generated from the peeled film, health damage to workers, environmental pollution, etc. There was a problem of causing.

一方、カルシウム系のようなアルカリ土類系の石鹸を含む乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、軟化点が高く、リゼクションの発生を低減するという特長を有している。その反面、加熱によって潤滑剤が硬くなり易い所為で、連続して伸線加工する際、ダイス通過数量が多くなるに従い、潤滑剤の展着性が失われ、潤滑剤の被膜切れを起こし易いという問題があった。   On the other hand, a dry wire drawing lubricant containing an alkaline earth soap such as calcium has a high softening point and has a feature of reducing generation of rejection. On the other hand, because the lubricant is likely to be hardened by heating, the spreadability of the lubricant is lost as the number of dies passing through increases, and the lubricant coating is easily cut off. There was a problem.

別な乾式伸線用潤滑剤として、例えば、特許文献1に、アルカリ金属硫酸塩及びアルカリ金属ホウ酸塩を必須成分とし、飽和脂肪酸のアルカリ金属塩、飽和脂肪酸のアルカリ土類金属塩、固体潤滑剤及び水溶性熱可塑性樹脂を含み、潤滑性、作業性に優れた潤滑剤組成物が、開示されている。   As another dry wire drawing lubricant, for example, in Patent Document 1, alkali metal sulfate and alkali metal borate are essential components, alkali metal salt of saturated fatty acid, alkaline earth metal salt of saturated fatty acid, solid lubrication A lubricant composition including a lubricant and a water-soluble thermoplastic resin and having excellent lubricity and workability is disclosed.

生産性の向上のために、従来の飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸を含む乾式伸線用潤滑剤の特長を維持しつつ、さらに高温、高圧、高速下の過酷な条件で伸線加工するのに耐え得る高性能の乾式伸線用潤滑剤が求められていた   In order to improve productivity, it can withstand the wire drawing under severe conditions under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed while maintaining the features of the conventional dry drawing lubricant containing metal soap of saturated fatty acid. There was a need for high-performance dry-drawing lubricants.

特開平10−36876号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-36876

本発明は前記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、高温、高圧、高速下の過酷な伸線加工条件で使用でき、細径から太径までの幅広い線径への縮径や、低速から高速までの幅広い線速にも対応でき、潤滑性、追随性、展着性、付着性、耐熱性、加工性、作業性、安全性、耐久性等に優れた高性能の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can be used under severe wire drawing conditions under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed. Can be used for a wide range of wire speeds from high to high speeds, and for high performance dry wire drawing with excellent lubricity, followability, spreadability, adhesion, heat resistance, workability, workability, safety, durability, etc. The object is to provide a lubricant.

前記の目的を達成するためになされた特許請求の範囲に記載の請求項1の乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸の30〜90重量%と、加熱下及び/又は加圧下で多量体になる不飽和脂肪酸及び該多量体の少なくとも何れかの金属石鹸の1〜30重量%とが、含まれていることを特徴とする。   The dry wire drawing lubricant according to claim 1, which is made to achieve the above object, comprises 30 to 90% by weight of a metal soap of saturated fatty acid, under heating and / or under pressure. The unsaturated fatty acid which becomes a multimer and 1 to 30% by weight of at least one metal soap of the multimer are contained.

請求項2の乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、請求項1に記載されたもので、前記飽和脂肪酸が、酪酸、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸、ウンデカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキン酸、ベヘン酸、リグノセリン酸、セロチン酸、モンタン酸、及び/又はメリシン酸であることを特徴とする。   The dry drawing lubricant according to claim 2 is the lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the saturated fatty acid is butyric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, It is characterized by being palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, serotic acid, montanic acid, and / or melicic acid.

請求項3の乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、請求項1に記載されたもので、不飽和脂肪酸が、オプツシル酸、カプロレイン酸、ウンデシレイン酸、リンデル酸、シズ酸、フィゼテリン酸、ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、ペトロセリン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、アスレピン酸、バクセン酸、ガドレイン酸、ゴンドレイン酸、セトレイン酸、エルカ酸、ブラシジン酸、セラコレイン酸、キシメン酸、ルメクエン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のモノエン不飽和脂肪酸;ソルビン酸、リノール酸、ヒラゴ酸、α-エレオステアリン酸、β-エレオステアリン酸、プニカ酸、リノレイン酸、γ-リノレイン酸、モロクチ酸、ステアリドン酸、アラキドン酸、イワシ酸、ニシン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のポリエン不飽和脂肪酸;タリリン酸、ステアロール酸、クレペニン酸、キシメニン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のモノイン不飽和脂肪酸、及び/又はポリイン不飽和脂肪酸であることを特徴とする。   The dry drawing lubricant according to claim 3 is the lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated fatty acid is optosilic acid, caproleic acid, undecylic acid, Lindelic acid, Shizic acid, fizeteric acid, myristoleic acid, palmitolein. At least one monoene selected from acid, petroceric acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, aslepic acid, vaccenic acid, gadoleic acid, gondoleic acid, cetreic acid, erucic acid, brassic acid, seracoleic acid, ximenoic acid, and rumecetic acid Saturated fatty acids: sorbic acid, linoleic acid, hiragoic acid, α-eleostearic acid, β-eleostearic acid, punicic acid, linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, moloctic acid, stearidonic acid, arachidonic acid, iwacic acid, herring At least one polyene unsaturated fatty acid selected from acids; Alor acid, Kurepenin acid, characterized in that at least one of Mono in unsaturated fatty acids, and / or poly-ynes unsaturated fatty acids selected from ximeninic acid.

請求項4の乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、請求項1に記載されたもので、前記金属石鹸が、リチウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩、アルミニウム塩、亜鉛塩、バリウム塩、及び/又はそれらの複合金属塩であることを特徴とする。   The dry drawing lubricant according to claim 4 is the lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the metal soap is a lithium salt, sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, aluminum salt, zinc salt, barium salt. And / or a composite metal salt thereof.

請求項5の乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、請求項1に記載されたもので、ホウ酸、ホウ酸塩、リン酸塩、硫酸塩、炭酸塩、硝酸塩、消石灰、酸化チタン、タルク、雲母、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、層状複水酸化物、及び/又は硫黄が、含まれていることを特徴とする。   The dry-drawing lubricant according to claim 5 is the lubricant according to claim 1, and boric acid, borate, phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, slaked lime, titanium oxide, talc, mica, Graphite, molybdenum disulfide, layered double hydroxide, and / or sulfur are contained.

本発明の乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、特に高速、高減面率の条件下にて伸線加工する際に用いられるものである。この潤滑剤は、その条件により分子間重合反応を起こし易い不飽和脂肪酸金属石鹸が含まれているので、伸線加工時に加熱面や加圧面で分子間重合反応が起こって多量化して、線材表面に柔軟性に富む潤滑性被膜を形成し、潤滑性、追随性、展着性、付着性を発現して、伸線加工し易くする。   The dry-drawing lubricant of the present invention is used particularly when drawing wire under conditions of high speed and high area reduction. This lubricant contains unsaturated fatty acid metal soap that easily undergoes an intermolecular polymerization reaction depending on the conditions. Therefore, an intermolecular polymerization reaction takes place on the heating surface and pressure surface during wire drawing, resulting in an increase in the amount of the lubricant surface. In addition, a lubricious coating film having a high flexibility is formed to exhibit lubricity, followability, spreadability, and adhesion, thereby facilitating wire drawing.

この乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、従来のように飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸を用いた乾式伸線用潤滑剤よりも、線材表面で剥がれ難い優れた滑り性を有する潤滑被膜を形成できる。この潤滑性被膜は、耐熱性や高温展着性に優れている。   This dry wire drawing lubricant can form a lubricating film having excellent slipperiness that is less likely to be peeled off on the surface of the wire than the dry wire drawing lubricant using a saturated fatty acid metal soap as in the prior art. This lubricating coating is excellent in heat resistance and high temperature spreadability.

この乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、従来の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた伸線条件のみならず、それよりも遥かに過酷な高速、高減面率の伸線条件にも適しているので、太線から細線の幅広い線径の伸線を形成する際に、特に有用である。   This dry wire drawing lubricant is suitable not only for wire drawing conditions using conventional dry wire drawing lubricants, but also for wire drawing conditions that are much more severe than that of high speed and high surface area reduction. It is particularly useful when forming a wire drawing with a wide wire diameter from a thick line to a thin line.

以下、本発明の実施例を詳細に説明するが、本発明の範囲はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。   Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

乾式伸線用潤滑剤の好ましい実施の一態様は、飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸と、不飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸とが、含まれたものである。   One aspect of a preferred embodiment of the dry wire drawing lubricant includes a saturated fatty acid metal soap and an unsaturated fatty acid metal soap.

飽和脂肪酸は、炭素数4〜30のもので、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状の飽和脂肪酸が挙げられ、より具体的には、酪酸、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸、ウンデカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキン酸、ベヘン酸、リグノセリン酸、セロチン酸、モンタン酸、メリシン酸が挙げられる。これらは、単独で用いられてもよく、複数組み合わせて用いられてもよい。飽和脂肪酸は、市販品であってもよく、多種類の飽和脂肪酸エステル及び不飽和脂肪酸エステルを含んでいる動物性油脂や植物性油脂のような天然油脂を、水素添加して加水分解したものであってもよい。   Saturated fatty acids are those having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and include linear, branched, or cyclic saturated fatty acids. More specifically, butyric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, Examples include undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, serotic acid, montanic acid, and melicic acid. These may be used alone or in combination. Saturated fatty acids may be commercially available products, which are hydrolyzed by hydrogenation of natural fats and oils such as animal fats and vegetable fats and oils containing various types of saturated fatty acid esters and unsaturated fatty acid esters. There may be.

飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸が、乾式伸線用潤滑剤中に、30〜90重量%含まれていることが好ましい。   It is preferable that 30 to 90% by weight of a saturated fatty acid metal soap is contained in the dry drawing lubricant.

不飽和脂肪酸は、炭素数6〜30のもので、直鎖状、分岐鎖状、又は環状で、不飽和二重結合基を1〜6基有するモノ−又はポリ−エン不飽和脂肪酸や、三重結合を1〜2基有するモノ−又はポリ−イン不飽和脂肪酸不が挙げられる。   Unsaturated fatty acids are those having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, linear, branched or cyclic, mono- or poly-ene unsaturated fatty acids having 1 to 6 unsaturated double bond groups, and triple Examples thereof include mono- or poly-in unsaturated fatty acids having 1 to 2 bonds.

モノエン不飽和脂肪酸として、例えば、炭素数10〜30で長鎖の鎖中又は末端に二重結合基を有するモノエン不飽和脂肪酸、より具体的には、オプツシル酸、カプロレイン酸、ウンデシレイン酸、リンデル酸、シズ酸、フィゼテリン酸、ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、ペトロセリン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、アスレピン酸、バクセン酸、ガドレイン酸、ゴンドレイン酸、セトレイン酸、エルカ酸、ブラシジン酸、セラコレイン酸、キシメン酸、ルメクエン酸が挙げられる。   As monoene unsaturated fatty acid, for example, monoene unsaturated fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms and having a double bond group at the end or in the end of a long chain, more specifically, optusilic acid, caproleic acid, undecylic acid, , Shizic acid, Fizeteric acid, Myristoleic acid, Palmitoleic acid, Petroselinic acid, Oleic acid, Elaidic acid, Alepinic acid, Baxenoic acid, Gadrenoic acid, Gondelic acid, Cetoleic acid, Erucic acid, Brassic acid, Seracoleic acid, Ximenic acid And lumecitric acid.

ポリエン不飽和脂肪酸として、例えば、炭素数6〜24で、鎖中又は末端に共役していても共役していなくてもよい二重結合基を有するポリエン不飽和脂肪酸、より具体的には、ソルビン酸、リノール酸のようなジエン不飽和脂肪酸;ヒラゴ酸、α-エレオステアリン酸、β-エレオステアリン酸、プニカ酸、リノレイン酸、γ-リノレイン酸のようなトリエン不飽和脂肪酸;モロクチ酸、ステアリドン酸、アラキドン酸のようなテトラエン不飽和脂肪酸;イワシ酸のようなペンタエン不飽和脂肪酸;ニシン酸のようなヘキサエン不飽和脂肪酸が挙げられる。また、ポリエン不飽和脂肪酸として、タリリン酸、ステアロール酸、クレペニン酸、キシメニン酸のようなモノイン不飽和脂肪酸やポリイン不飽和脂肪酸も挙げられる。   As polyene unsaturated fatty acid, for example, polyene unsaturated fatty acid having 6 to 24 carbon atoms and having a double bond group that may be conjugated or not conjugated in the chain or at the end, more specifically, sorbine Diene unsaturated fatty acids such as acids, linoleic acid; triene unsaturated fatty acids such as hiragoic acid, α-eleostearic acid, β-eleostearic acid, punicic acid, linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid; moloctic acid, And tetraene unsaturated fatty acids such as stearidonic acid and arachidonic acid; pentaene unsaturated fatty acids such as sardine acid; and hexaene unsaturated fatty acids such as nisic acid. Further, examples of the polyene unsaturated fatty acid include monoin unsaturated fatty acids and polyin unsaturated fatty acids such as taliric acid, stearolic acid, crepenic acid, and xymenic acid.

不飽和脂肪酸は、モノエン不飽和脂肪酸、ポリエン不飽和脂肪酸の単独で用いられても、複数組み合わせて用いられてもよい。ポリエン不飽和脂肪酸を有するものであると、一層好ましい。   The unsaturated fatty acid may be used alone or in combination of monoene unsaturated fatty acid and polyene unsaturated fatty acid. It is more preferable that it has a polyene unsaturated fatty acid.

不飽和脂肪酸は、市販品であってもよく、多種類の飽和脂肪酸エステルや不飽和脂肪酸エステルやヒドロキシ脂肪酸エステルを含んでいる動物性油脂や植物性油脂のような天然油脂、または必要に応じて脱水してから、加水分解したものであってもよい。   Unsaturated fatty acids may be commercially available, natural fats and oils such as animal fats and vegetable fats and fats containing various types of saturated fatty acid esters, unsaturated fatty acid esters and hydroxy fatty acid esters, or as required. It may be hydrolyzed after dehydration.

乾式伸線用潤滑剤中、不飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸が、乾式伸線用潤滑剤中に、1〜30重量%含まれていることが好ましい。その範囲よりも少ないと、従来の潤滑剤程度の伸線特性しか得られず、一方その範囲よりも多いと、伸線特性が上限に達し、価格高騰を招くだけでなく、粘度が高くなり過ぎてべたつくようになってしまう。不飽和脂肪酸は、オレイン酸のようなモノエン不飽和脂肪酸よりも多量化し易いリノール酸のようなポリエン不飽和脂肪酸を主成分とすることが好ましい。乾式伸線用潤滑剤中、不飽和脂肪酸例えばリノール酸を主成分とする不飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸が、好ましくは2〜30重量%、一層好ましくは3〜10重量%含まれる。   It is preferable that 1 to 30% by weight of an unsaturated fatty acid metal soap is contained in the dry drawing lubricant in the dry drawing lubricant. If it is less than the range, only wire drawing characteristics comparable to conventional lubricants can be obtained, while if it exceeds the range, the wire drawing characteristic reaches the upper limit, causing not only a price increase but also a viscosity that is too high. It becomes sticky. The unsaturated fatty acid is preferably composed mainly of a polyene unsaturated fatty acid such as linoleic acid, which tends to increase in amount as compared with a monoene unsaturated fatty acid such as oleic acid. In the dry-drawing lubricant, an unsaturated fatty acid, for example, an unsaturated fatty acid metal soap mainly composed of linoleic acid is contained in an amount of preferably 2 to 30% by weight, more preferably 3 to 10% by weight.

不飽和脂肪酸は多量化させたダイマー酸のような多量体を含有していてもよい。   The unsaturated fatty acid may contain a multimer such as a dimerized acid.

乾式伸線用潤滑剤中の飽和又は不飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸は、特にその金属の種類が限定されないが、リチウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩、アルミニウム塩、亜鉛塩、バリウム塩であってもよく、単一金属の塩であってもよく、それらの複合金属塩であってもよい。   The metal soap of the saturated or unsaturated fatty acid in the dry drawing lubricant is not particularly limited, but the lithium salt, sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, aluminum salt, zinc salt, barium It may be a salt, a single metal salt, or a composite metal salt thereof.

乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、無機物や固体潤滑剤を含んでいてもよい。無機物や固体潤滑剤として、ホウ酸;ホウ酸塩、リン酸塩、硫酸塩、炭酸塩、硝酸塩、例えばそれらのリチウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩、アルミニウム塩、亜鉛塩、バリウム塩;消石灰;酸化チタンのような金属酸化物;タルク;雲母;黒鉛;二硫化モリブデン;水分子や有機酸分子がインターカレートしている層状複水酸化物;硫黄が挙げられる。   The dry drawing lubricant may contain an inorganic substance or a solid lubricant. As minerals and solid lubricants, boric acid; borate, phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, such as lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, Barium salt; slaked lime; metal oxide such as titanium oxide; talc; mica; graphite; molybdenum disulfide; layered double hydroxide intercalated with water molecules and organic acid molecules;

乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、必要に応じて防腐剤、防食剤のような添加剤を含んでいてもよい。   The dry wire drawing lubricant may contain additives such as preservatives and anticorrosives as necessary.

乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、固形状、粉末状、顆粒状であってもよい。   The dry wire drawing lubricant may be in the form of a solid, powder, or granule.

乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、例えば、飽和脂肪酸と、不飽和脂肪酸と、苛性ソーダや苛性カリウムのような水酸化物又は消石灰と、必要に応じて、水のような媒体と、その他の無機物や固形潤滑剤や添加剤とを、混合して加熱し、乾燥後、粉砕することによって、調製される。   Dry wire drawing lubricants include, for example, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, hydroxides or slaked lime such as caustic soda and caustic potassium, and, if necessary, a medium such as water, other inorganic substances and solids. The lubricant and additives are mixed and heated, dried, and then pulverized.

より具体的には、飽和脂肪酸及び不飽和脂肪酸45〜65重量部と水道水15〜20重量部とを混合して加熱融解し、ホウ酸5〜15重両部と約50重量%苛性ソーダ水溶液10〜30重量部と約50重量%苛性カリウム水溶液5〜15重量部とを、加え、加熱攪拌した後、乾燥し、粉砕すると、乾式伸線用潤滑剤が得られる。また、飽和脂肪酸30〜70重量部と不飽和脂肪酸5〜15重量部とを混合して加熱溶融し、消石灰25〜65重量部を加え、加熱攪拌した後、粉砕しても、乾式伸線用潤滑剤が得られる。   More specifically, 45 to 65 parts by weight of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and 15 to 20 parts by weight of tap water are mixed and heated to melt, and 5 to 15 parts by weight of boric acid and about 50% by weight aqueous caustic soda solution 10 -30 parts by weight and 5 to 15 parts by weight of about 50% by weight aqueous caustic potassium solution are added, heated and stirred, then dried and ground to obtain a dry wire drawing lubricant. Further, 30 to 70 parts by weight of saturated fatty acid and 5 to 15 parts by weight of unsaturated fatty acid are mixed and heated and melted, and 25 to 65 parts by weight of slaked lime is added, heated and stirred, and then pulverized. A lubricant is obtained.

以下に、本発明を適用する乾式伸線用潤滑剤を試作した例を、実施例に示す。   Examples of producing a dry wire drawing lubricant to which the present invention is applied are shown below in Examples.

(実施例1)
攪拌装置を備えた反応容器内に、工業用ステアリン酸45重量部と前記の多量化し易い不飽和脂肪酸5重量部と水道水15重量部とを加え、攪拌しながら加熱溶融させた後、ホウ酸9重量部を加え、さらに48%苛性ソーダ水溶液17重量部、48%苛性カリウム水溶液9重量部を加えた。水分が1.0%以下になるまで加熱攪拌を続けた。得られた乾燥した粗潤滑剤を、500メッシュ篩で通過率60%程度になるように粉砕し、ナトリウム系である乾式伸線用潤滑剤を得た。
Example 1
In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, 45 parts by weight of industrial stearic acid, 5 parts by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid which tends to increase in quantity, and 15 parts by weight of tap water are added, and heated and melted with stirring. 9 parts by weight were added, and further 17 parts by weight of 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 9 parts by weight of 48% aqueous caustic potassium solution were added. Heating and stirring were continued until the water content became 1.0% or less. The obtained dried crude lubricant was pulverized with a 500 mesh sieve so that the passing rate was about 60%, thereby obtaining a sodium-based dry drawing lubricant.

(比較例1)
実施例1の不飽和脂肪酸を用いなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、潤滑剤を得た。
(Comparative Example 1)
A lubricant was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the unsaturated fatty acid of Example 1 was not used.

(実施例2)
攪拌装置を備えた反応容器内に、工業用水添牛脂50重量部と、実施例1で用いたのと同種の不飽和脂肪酸5重量部とを加え、撹拌しながら加熱融解させた後、消石灰45重量部を加えた。この混合物に粘性が生じるまで加熱攪拌を続けた。混合物が硬くなったら加熱攪拌を止め、取り出して冷却し、500メッシュ篩で通過率が60%程度になるように粉砕し、カルシウム系である乾式伸線用潤滑剤を得た。
(Example 2)
In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, 50 parts by weight of industrial hydrogenated beef tallow and 5 parts by weight of the same type of unsaturated fatty acid used in Example 1 were added, and the mixture was heated and melted with stirring. Part by weight was added. Heating and stirring were continued until the mixture became viscous. When the mixture became hard, heating and stirring were stopped, taken out, cooled, and pulverized with a 500 mesh sieve so that the passing rate was about 60% to obtain a calcium-based dry drawing lubricant.

(比較例2)
実施例2の不飽和脂肪酸を用いなかったこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、潤滑剤を得た。
(Comparative Example 2)
A lubricant was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the unsaturated fatty acid in Example 2 was not used.

実施例1〜2及び比較例1〜2の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いて、伸線機により伸線加工し、その性能評価を行った。   Using the dry drawing lubricants of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the wire drawing was performed by a wire drawing machine, and the performance was evaluated.

(伸線加工条件)
ダイスを用いて、伸線加工を行う加工条件は、下記の通りである。
被加工原材の材質:72A材
線速:40m/分
線径の縮径:2.8mmφ→2.5mmφ→2.25mmφ→2.00mmφの3段階
(1パスを繰り返して行い、3パス伸線した。)
前処理:ボラックス(ホウ砂)
(Drawing conditions)
The processing conditions for wire drawing using a die are as follows.
Material of workpiece material: 72A material Line speed: 40m / min Wire diameter reduction: 2.8mmφ → 2.5mmφ → 2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ 3 steps (Repeat 1 pass and extend 3 passes) Lined.)
Pretreatment: Borax (borax)

伸線加工の加工方法及びそれの性能評価方法は、以下の通りである。   The drawing method and the performance evaluation method are as follows.

(伸線加工の加工方法及び平均引抜力測定試験)
被加工線材を12重量%塩酸水溶液を用いて、被加工線材表面の酸化スケールを酸洗除去した後、水洗を数回施し、80℃程度に熱した1重量%ボラックス水溶液中に浸漬した。被加工線材をボラックス水溶液から引き上げ乾燥させることで被加工線材上にボラックス被膜を形成させ、前処理加工を行った。続いてダイスボックス内に評価潤滑剤を任意量投入して、前処理を施した被加工線材の伸線評価を上記の条件に従い、行った。ダイスにロードセルを取り付けて、伸線時間20〜30秒間で、伸線加工したときの平均引抜力を測定した。その結果を表1に示す。
(Drawing method and average drawing force measurement test)
The processed wire was pickled and removed from the surface of the processed wire using a 12 wt% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, then washed with water several times, and immersed in a 1 wt% borax aqueous solution heated to about 80 ° C. The processed wire was pulled up from the borax aqueous solution and dried to form a borax film on the processed wire, and pre-processed. Subsequently, an arbitrary amount of the evaluation lubricant was introduced into the die box, and the wire drawing evaluation of the pretreated wire was performed according to the above conditions. A load cell was attached to the die, and the average drawing force was measured when the wire drawing was performed for 20 to 30 seconds. The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2009132811
Figure 2009132811

表1から明らかな通り、いずれの線径においても、実施例1の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた場合は、比較例1の潤滑剤を用いた場合よりも、平均引抜力が低い数値を示した。一方、実施例2及び比較例2の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた場合は、1パス目の伸線(線径2.8→2.5mmφ)で、平均引抜力の差が認められなかった。しかし、2パス目以降の伸線(線径2.5→2.25mmφ、及び2.25mmφ→2.0mmφ)で、実施例1の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた場合は、比較例1の潤滑剤を用いた場合よりも、平均引抜力が低い数値を示した。   As is clear from Table 1, in any wire diameter, when the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 is used, a numerical value with a lower average pulling force than when the lubricant of Comparative Example 1 is used. Indicated. On the other hand, when the dry drawing lubricants of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 were used, no difference in average drawing force was observed in the first pass drawing (diameter 2.8 → 2.5 mmφ). It was. However, when the dry-drawing lubricant of Example 1 was used in the second and subsequent passes (wire diameters of 2.5 → 2.25 mmφ and 2.25 mmφ → 2.0 mmφ), Comparative Example 1 The average pulling force was lower than that when using the above lubricant.

(伸線後の線材表面の目視観察試験)
伸線加工した線材を伸線線材用洗浄剤(共栄社化学株式会社製;商品名)で洗浄し、その表面を目視で観察した。その結果を表2に示す。
(Visual observation test of wire surface after wire drawing)
The drawn wire was washed with a wire drawing detergent (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd .; trade name), and the surface was visually observed. The results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 2009132811
Figure 2009132811

表2から明らかな通り、いずれの線径においても、実施例1の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた場合は、伸線後の線材表面に潤滑剤が均一なフィルム状に展着していたのに対し、比較例1の潤滑剤を用いた場合は、伸線後の線材表面に潤滑剤が粉状又は斑状に付着していた。一方、実施例2の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた場合は、いずれの線径においても伸線後の線材表面に潤滑剤が均一なフィルム状に展着していたのに対し、比較例2の潤滑剤を用いた場合は、伸線後線材表面に潤滑剤が粉状又は斑状に付着していたり、一部分にのみ潤滑剤が粉状に付着し他の一部分で付着せずに線材素地が晒されていたりしていた。このような相違が、表1の平均引抜力の違いとなって表れたものと推察される。   As is clear from Table 2, in any wire diameter, when the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 was used, the lubricant was spread in a uniform film shape on the surface of the wire after drawing. On the other hand, when the lubricant of Comparative Example 1 was used, the lubricant adhered to the surface of the wire after wire drawing in the form of powder or spots. On the other hand, when the dry drawing lubricant of Example 2 was used, the lubricant was spread in a uniform film shape on the surface of the wire after drawing at any wire diameter, whereas the comparative example When the lubricant (2) is used, the wire adheres to the surface of the wire after wire drawing in the form of powder or spots, or the lubricant adheres to only a part of the powder and does not adhere to the other part. Have been exposed. It is inferred that such a difference appears as a difference in the average pulling force in Table 1.

(伸線後の線材表面の顕微鏡観察試験)
伸線加工した線材を洗浄剤で洗浄し、その表面をレーザー顕微鏡で400倍に拡大して観察した。その結果を表3に示す。
(Microscopic observation test of the surface of the wire after drawing)
The drawn wire was washed with a cleaning agent, and the surface thereof was magnified 400 times with a laser microscope and observed. The results are shown in Table 3.

Figure 2009132811
Figure 2009132811

表3から明らかな通り、実施例1及び2の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた場合は、いずれの線径においても、ダイスと線材との直接接触によって生じる平坦な部分、即ち顕微鏡で観察したとき白く筋状乃至斑点状に観察される部分が極めて少ないため、伸線状態が良好であると確認された。それに対し、比較例1及び2の潤滑剤を用いた場合は、いずれの線径においても、実施例1の場合よりも平坦な部分、即ち顕微鏡による白筋状乃至斑点状部分が極めて多く生じており、伸線状態が不良であると確認された。さらに比較例2の場合には、細く縮径するに連れ、その平坦な部分が増加していることが認められた。   As is apparent from Table 3, when the dry drawing lubricants of Examples 1 and 2 were used, the flat part generated by direct contact between the die and the wire, ie, the microscope was observed at any wire diameter. It was confirmed that the wire drawing state was good because there were very few portions that were sometimes observed as white stripes or spots. On the other hand, when the lubricants of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were used, a flat portion, that is, a white streak or a spot-like portion by a microscope, was generated much more than in the case of Example 1 at any wire diameter. It was confirmed that the wire drawing state was poor. Furthermore, in the case of the comparative example 2, it was recognized that the flat part is increasing as it diameter-reduces thinly.

(伸線後の線材表面の乾式伸線用潤滑剤付着量測定試験)
伸線加工した線材の重量を測定し、それを洗浄剤で洗浄し、再度、線材の重量を測定して、洗浄前後の重量差と、その線材の径及び長さとから、付着量を算出した。その結果を表4に示す。
(Measurement of dry wire drawing lubricant adhesion on the surface of the wire after drawing)
Measure the weight of the drawn wire, wash it with a cleaning agent, measure the weight of the wire again, and calculate the amount of adhesion from the weight difference before and after cleaning and the diameter and length of the wire. . The results are shown in Table 4.

Figure 2009132811
Figure 2009132811

表4から明らかな通り、いずれの線径においても、実施例1の乾式伸線用潤滑剤を用いた場合は、比較例1の潤滑剤を用いた場合よりも、多量の潤滑剤が伸線に付着していた。一方、線径2.5mmφにした伸線の潤滑剤の付着量は、実施例2と比較例2で差がなかったが、それより細い線径2.25及び2.5mmφにした伸線の潤滑剤の付着量は、実施例2の潤滑剤を用いた場合の方が、比較例の潤滑剤を用いた場合よりも、多量に付着していた。このような相違が、表3のような顕微鏡観察での表面の筋状又は斑点状に観察される平坦部分の拡大となって表れたものと推察される。   As is apparent from Table 4, at any wire diameter, when the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 was used, a larger amount of lubricant was drawn than when the lubricant of Comparative Example 1 was used. It was attached to. On the other hand, the adhesion amount of the lubricant for the wire drawing with a wire diameter of 2.5 mmφ was not different between Example 2 and Comparative Example 2, but the wire drawing with a wire diameter of 2.25 and 2.5 mmφ thinner than that was used. The amount of lubricant adhered was larger when the lubricant of Example 2 was used than when the lubricant of the comparative example was used. It is assumed that such a difference appears as an enlargement of a flat portion observed as a streak or a spot on the surface in the microscopic observation as shown in Table 3.

本発明の高性能乾式伸線用潤滑剤は、鉄鋼のような金属製のようなワイヤ、棒、ロッド等の被加工原材を、ダイスを用いて引抜いて縮径する伸線加工の際に用いられる。   The high-performance dry-drawing lubricant of the present invention is used for wire-drawing processing in which a raw material to be machined, such as a metal such as steel, a rod, or a rod, is drawn and reduced in diameter using a die. Used.

Claims (5)

飽和脂肪酸の金属石鹸の30〜90重量%と、加熱下及び/又は加圧下で多量体になる不飽和脂肪酸及び該多量体の少なくとも何れかの金属石鹸の1〜30重量%とが、含まれていることを特徴とする乾式伸線用潤滑剤。   30 to 90% by weight of a saturated fatty acid metal soap, and 1 to 30% by weight of an unsaturated fatty acid that becomes a multimer under heating and / or pressure and at least one metal soap of the multimer. A dry-drawing lubricant characterized by 前記飽和脂肪酸が、酪酸、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸、ウンデカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキン酸、ベヘン酸、リグノセリン酸、セロチン酸、モンタン酸、及び/又はメリシン酸であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の乾式伸線用潤滑剤。   The saturated fatty acid is butyric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, serotic acid, montanic acid, and The dry-drawing lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is a melicic acid. 前記不飽和脂肪酸が、オプツシル酸、カプロレイン酸、ウンデシレイン酸、リンデル酸、シズ酸、フィゼテリン酸、ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、ペトロセリン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、アスレピン酸、バクセン酸、ガドレイン酸、ゴンドレイン酸、セトレイン酸、エルカ酸、ブラシジン酸、セラコレイン酸、キシメン酸、ルメクエン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のモノエン不飽和脂肪酸;ソルビン酸、リノール酸、ヒラゴ酸、α-エレオステアリン酸、β-エレオステアリン酸、プニカ酸、リノレイン酸、γ-リノレイン酸、モロクチ酸、ステアリドン酸、アラキドン酸、イワシ酸、ニシン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のポリエン不飽和脂肪酸;タリリン酸、ステアロール酸、クレペニン酸、キシメニン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種類のモノイン不飽和脂肪酸、及び/又はポリイン不飽和脂肪酸であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の乾式伸線用潤滑剤。   The unsaturated fatty acid is optosylic acid, caproleic acid, undecylic acid, Lindellic acid, Shizic acid, fizeteric acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, petroceric acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, aslepic acid, vaccenic acid, gadoleic acid, gononic acid At least one monoene unsaturated fatty acid selected from drain acid, celetic acid, erucic acid, brassic acid, ceracoleic acid, ximenoic acid, and rumecic acid; sorbic acid, linoleic acid, hiragoic acid, α-eleostearic acid, β- At least one polyene unsaturated fatty acid selected from eleostearic acid, punicic acid, linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, moloctic acid, stearidonic acid, arachidonic acid, sardic acid, nisinic acid; Selected from acid and xymenic acid Kutomo one dry drawing lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that a Mono in unsaturated fatty acids, and / or poly-ynes unsaturated fatty acids. 前記金属石鹸が、リチウム塩、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩、アルミニウム塩、亜鉛塩、バリウム塩、及び/又はそれらの複合金属塩であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の乾式伸線用潤滑剤。   The metal soap is a lithium salt, sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, aluminum salt, zinc salt, barium salt, and / or a composite metal salt thereof. Dry wire drawing lubricant. ホウ酸、ホウ酸塩、リン酸塩、硫酸塩、炭酸塩、硝酸塩、消石灰、酸化チタン、タルク、雲母、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、層状複水酸化物、及び/又は硫黄が、含まれていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の乾式伸線用潤滑剤。   Contains boric acid, borate, phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, slaked lime, titanium oxide, talc, mica, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, layered double hydroxide, and / or sulfur The dry-drawing lubricant according to claim 1.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210027437A (en) * 2018-08-07 2021-03-10 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 Steel plate with lubricating film and manufacturing method thereof
CN112980555A (en) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-18 天津市弘亚润滑粉制造有限公司 Wire drawing soap for dry wire drawing
CN115851352A (en) * 2022-11-29 2023-03-28 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 Lubricant for preparing copper and copper alloy and using method thereof

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JPS56136219A (en) * 1980-03-26 1981-10-24 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd Drawing method for wire of copper and copper alloy
JPH0364397A (en) * 1989-08-01 1991-03-19 Kiyoueishiya Yushi Kagaku Kogyo Kk Dry lubricant for drawing metallic material
JP2005179630A (en) * 2003-03-24 2005-07-07 Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd Aqueous lubricant for metal-processing oil
JP2007229743A (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-13 Kobe Steel Ltd Metallic material for plastic working

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JPS56136219A (en) * 1980-03-26 1981-10-24 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd Drawing method for wire of copper and copper alloy
JPH0364397A (en) * 1989-08-01 1991-03-19 Kiyoueishiya Yushi Kagaku Kogyo Kk Dry lubricant for drawing metallic material
JP2005179630A (en) * 2003-03-24 2005-07-07 Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd Aqueous lubricant for metal-processing oil
JP2007229743A (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-13 Kobe Steel Ltd Metallic material for plastic working

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210027437A (en) * 2018-08-07 2021-03-10 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 Steel plate with lubricating film and manufacturing method thereof
KR102612323B1 (en) 2018-08-07 2023-12-12 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 Steel sheet with lubricating film and method of manufacturing the same
CN112980555A (en) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-18 天津市弘亚润滑粉制造有限公司 Wire drawing soap for dry wire drawing
CN115851352A (en) * 2022-11-29 2023-03-28 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 Lubricant for preparing copper and copper alloy and using method thereof

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