JP2009017844A - Weight increase-improving agent for crustacea - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a weight increase-improving agent for crustacea, which has high safety, is inexpensive and stably supplied. <P>SOLUTION: The weight increase-improving agent for crustacea effectively contains a 2-6C organic acid or its salt. The weight increase-improving agent may effectively contain the 2-6C organic acid within crustacea feed. The content of the 2-6C organic acid or its salt accounts for about 0.001-10 wt.% for example. The 2-6C organic acid or its salt preferably is propionic acid or its salt. The crustacea more preferably is shrimp, particularly preferably is prawn, or especially preferably is giant tiger prawn. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crustacean weight gain improving agent containing an organic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, and a method for increasing the crustacean weight gain.

  In recent years, the cultivation of crustaceans such as prawns has become popular, and various artificial feeds have been developed. Protein sources such as casein, gelatin, fish meal, shrimp meal, krill meal, squid meal, yeast powder, corn gluten meal, feather meal, egg albumin, soybean protein; yeast ergosterol Sterols such as plant stigmasterol; Phospholipids such as walleye pollack liver oil and soybean lecithin; Carbohydrates such as wheat starch, active gluten, dextrin, glucose, maltose, sucrose, and glucosamine; Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, copper, etc. Examples of such minerals include vitamins.

  With increasing demand for crustacean foods, research has been conducted to further promote crustacean growth. Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 61-52655 discloses a feed composition for raising prawn shrimp for improving the weight gain, which is obtained by adding a specific amount of Danariella green algae as a dry product. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-84527 discloses a shrimp growth promoter containing a fatty acid ester of cholesterol having a specific structure as an active ingredient. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-89520 discloses a shellfish feed to which a mixture of phytosterol and a fatty acid ester thereof is added as a feed for improving the weight gain and feed efficiency of the shellfish. However, these weight gain improvers and growth promoters are generally expensive and have a problem that stable supply is difficult.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 61-52655 JP 9-84527 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-89520

  An object of the present invention is to provide a crustacean weight gain improving agent that is safe, inexpensive, and can be stably supplied, and a method for increasing the crustacean weight gain.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that when a crustacean is fed with a specific organic acid or a salt thereof, the conversion efficiency of the food into body weight is improved, and the weight increase rate of the crustacean. It was found that (the rate of increase in weight) was greatly improved, and the present invention was completed.

  That is, the present invention provides a shellfish weight gain improving agent containing an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof.

  This weight gain improving agent may be one in which an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof is contained in a crustacean feed. The content of the organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof in the weight gain improving agent is, for example, about 0.001 to 10% by weight. As said C2-C6 organic acid or its salt, propionic acid or its salt is preferable.

  The present invention also provides a method for increasing the weight gain of a crustacean by feeding the crustacean an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof.

  In the above method, the shellfish may be fed with a feed for shellfish to which an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof is added. In this case, the content of the organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or the salt thereof in the feed for shellfish to which the organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof is added is, for example, about 0.001 to 10% by weight. . As said C2-C6 organic acid or its salt, propionic acid or its salt is preferable.

  According to the present invention, the effect of improving the dietary efficiency of organic acids having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or salts thereof increases the efficiency of conversion of food into body weight in crustaceans such as prawns, promotes growth, and increases crustacean weight. The rate can be increased. An organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof has high safety, is inexpensive, and can be stably supplied. Therefore, it can be suitably used for the cultivation of crustaceans.

  The crustacean weight gain improving agent of the present invention is a preparation to be administered to crustaceans, and contains an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. Moreover, the method for increasing the weight increase rate of the crustacean of the present invention is characterized in that the crustacean is fed with an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof.

  As a C2-C6 organic acid or its salt, it can select suitably from what is well-known as a C2-C6 organic compound and its salt which show acidity, for example, an acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, butyric acid , Citric acid, malic acid, gluconic acid, ketoglutaric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, adipic acid and other carboxylic acids; phytic acid and other organic phosphoric acids; and salts thereof (alkaline metal salts such as sodium and potassium) , Alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium) and the like. Hereinafter, the organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof may be referred to as “organic acids”. These organic acids can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The organic acids in the present invention are preferably those that can be used as food additives in consideration of safety. Specifically, acetic acid, propionic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, etc., particularly propionic acid is preferably used. . These organic acids are known, can be produced by known methods, and can be purchased.

  The dosage form of the crustacean weight gain improving agent can be selected from known dosage forms such as powder, granules, sheets, pastes, and liquids (solutions, suspensions, mixed solutions, etc.) according to the administration method. It can be set appropriately. Examples of the weight gain improver include oral preparations such as tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups; non-injectable solutions or suspensions, inhalants, ointments, patches, absorbents, etc. Oral administration agent etc. are mentioned. Preferably, a preparation for oral administration or a solution for injection (including a suspension) is used. In particular, tablets, granules and the like are suitably used in that they are easily administered orally in a mixed form with feed (feed).

  These preparations may be either an active ingredient composed of organic acids alone, or a liquid preparation or a solid preparation composed of a combination of the active ingredient and auxiliary ingredients. As an auxiliary component, it can select and utilize suitably in the range which does not impair the weight increase rate improvement effect of the said organic acid, and the range which does not have a bad influence on crustaceans. Such auxiliary ingredients include, for example, known carriers; excipients such as stabilizers, binders, fillers, disintegrants, lubricants; water-soluble solvents such as water, lower alcohols and polyols, higher fatty acid esters. And solvents such as hydrophobic solvents such as lipophilic alcohols can be used.

  Solid preparations are prepared by, for example, molding a composition comprising the above active ingredients and excipients by a known method such as drying, granulation, compression, or molding, and performing a treatment such as coating as necessary. Can be formulated. The liquid preparation can be produced, for example, by mixing the active ingredient with a suspending agent such as methylcellulose, an emulsifier such as lecithin, or an additive such as a preservative and diluting with fresh water or seawater as necessary. .

  This weight gain improving agent may be one in which an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof is contained in a crustacean feed. Known feed components can be used as the feed component of the crustacean feed. Crustacean feed includes, for example, powdered feed, solid feed, dry pellet feed, moist pellet feed, extruder prepared feed, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination. In addition to the feed components, the crustacean feed may contain other additives such as known additives added to conventional feeds.

  Examples of a method for producing a crustacean feed containing an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof include, for example, a method of subjecting a feed composition in which an organic acid is added to a conventional feed ingredient or the like to a molding process, For example, a method of adding organic acids to the feed by adsorption, impregnation, coating, or the like can be used. In particular, the latter method is advantageous in that it can be selected from a wide range of commercially available feeds without being limited to the type of feed, the active ingredient can be added by a simple method, and the addition amount can be easily adjusted. It is. In the production process of the feed, if necessary, before or after mixing the components, a pulverization process such as pulverization and classification, and a process such as a secondary processing process such as drying, milling, granulation, and molding after mixing. It may be provided.

  The content of the organic acids in the weight gain improver is appropriately selected according to the administration target (crustacea), organic acid, type and shape of the preparation, administration conditions (number of times, method, etc.), etc. About 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.003 to 3% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.003 to 0.05% by weight. If the content is less than 0.001% by weight, the effect of improving the weight increase rate tends to be insufficient, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the feeding behavior by the crustacean may decrease, and it is not necessary. It is not preferable in terms of economy. For example, in the case of propionic acid, a high effect is obtained at around 0.01% by weight.

  The crustaceans in the present invention include, for example, shrimp including shrimp, black shrimp (black tiger shrimp), red shrimp, banana shrimp, vaname shrimp, reed shrimp, blue shrimp (Litopenaeus stylirostris), shrimp, shrimp; It includes a wide variety of crustaceans such as crabs such as crabs; crayfishes such as lobster, lobster, crayfish, and Japanese crayfish. Of these, edible crustaceans, more preferably shrimps, and particularly prawns are preferably used. The crustacean weight gain improving agent of the present invention is particularly effective against bovine shrimp (black tiger shrimp).

  The daily dosage of the weight gain improving agent is usually the same as when a conventional feed is fed to a crustacean, for example, about 0.1 to 10% by weight of the crustacean body weight, preferably It is about 0.2 to 5% by weight.

  The administration conditions for the weight gain improver depend on the composition of the preparation (content of active ingredients, types of additives, etc.), dosage form (tablets, granules, liquid preparations, etc.), and the type and size of crustaceans. It can be set appropriately. The weight gain improving agent can be administered parenterally, but is preferably administered orally, and is preferably administered in the same manner as normal feeding. The number of administrations may be one time or a plurality of times, and the frequency may be continuously administered over several days or sequentially after a predetermined number of days depending on the mode of use. The administration period is preferably administered continuously during the crustacean breeding period, but may be administered in a short period of time, for example, about 5 to 7 days. By administering the preparation in this manner, the food efficiency (conversion efficiency of food to body weight) of crustaceans can be remarkably improved.

  In the method of the present invention, the weight gain improver is administered in a crustacean living environment. The crustacean survival environment is, for example, administered to a crustacean using artificial seawater (or natural seawater) such as aquaculture as a survival environment by spraying a weight increaser on the artificial seawater. Further, the crustaceans placed in the distribution process in the living state are the same as the above except that a transport container or the like is used instead of the water tank. In addition, when administered to a plurality of crustaceans, it is preferable to uniformly disperse the weight gain improver, for example, use a diffusible preparation such as a granule, or administer to seawater convected by stirring, etc. can do.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
As feed for prawns, propionate is adsorbed on the surface of pellet feed for prawns (trade name “Goldprone”, manufactured by Higashimaru) by spraying, and feed containing 0.01 wt% propionic acid, 0.1 wt% propion An acid-containing feed and a 1 wt% propionic acid-containing feed were produced. As a control, a prawn pellet feed containing no propionic acid (trade name “Goldprone”, manufactured by Higashimaru) was used.

Artificial seawater (trade name “Red Sea Salt”, manufactured by Red Sea) is placed in a tank equipped with aeration, heater and top filtration device. Under running water, bull shrimp (standard Japanese name: bull shrimp, generic name: black tiger shrimp) , Scientific name: Penaeus monodon, average body weight 9-10 g). A group to which a feed containing 0.01% by weight propionic acid is administered (0.01%), a group to which a feed containing 0.1% by weight propionic acid is administered (0.1%), and a feed containing 1% by weight propionic acid. Fifteen bovine prawns were bred in each group of the group to be administered (1% group) and the group to which the pellet food for prawns containing no propionic acid was administered (control group). During the breeding period, the water temperature is kept at 28-30 ° C., and the feed for each aquarium is adjusted to 1% by weight of shrimp body weight twice a day in the morning and evening each day (the daily dose is the body weight 2% by weight). Shrimp body weights were individually measured before the start of the study and 14 days after administration. The weight increase rate was calculated by the following formula.
Weight gain (%) = [(average body weight on day 14−average body weight before administration) / average body weight before administration] × 100
The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, although one death was seen in the 0.01% by weight group during the test period, no pathogenic factor was detected as a result of the bacterial and virus tests. Therefore, the cause of death was not due to virulence factors. As shown in Table 1, in the group to which the propionic acid-containing feed was administered, a weight increase rate of 1.8 to 4.3 times was obtained as compared with the control group.

Claims (8)

  A crustacean weight gain improver comprising an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof.   The weight increase rate improving agent according to claim 1, wherein an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof is contained in a shellfish feed.   The weight increase rate improvement agent of Claim 1 or 2 which contains 0.001-10 weight% of C2-C6 organic acids or its salt.   The weight increaser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof is propionic acid or a salt thereof.   A method for increasing the rate of weight gain of shellfish by feeding shellfish with an effective amount of an organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof.   The method of Claim 5 which feeds the feed for crustaceans which added the C2-C6 organic acid or its salt.   The method of Claim 6 which feeds the feed for crustaceans containing 0.001-10 weight% of C2-C6 organic acids or its salt.   The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the organic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a salt thereof is propionic acid or a salt thereof.