JP2009055829A - Circulation type plant cultivation installation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a uselessly burnt plant waste to be efficiently utilized as a biomass fuel. <P>SOLUTION: The circulation type plant cultivation installation is constituted by installing a plant waste-treating installation 10 equipped with a carbonization device 8 for carbonizing the plant waste and a storage space 9 of a carbonized product at the vicinity of a plant cultivation installation 1, and connecting the plant cultivation installation 1 with the plant waste-treating installation 10 by a waste plant transportation conveyor 5 for conveying the plant waste from the plant cultivation installation 1 to the plant waste-treating installation 10, with a carbonized product transportation conveyor 6 for sending the plant carbonized product carbonized by the carbonization device 8 from the plant waste-treating installation 10 to the plant cultivation installation 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a circulation type plant cultivation facility that uses plant waste generated in plant cultivation facilities such as vegetables, fruits or flower buds as fuel.

In recent years, for the purpose of reducing carbon dioxide gas, the use of plants as fuel, that is, biomass fuel has been tried to help prevent global warming.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-126573 describes a biomass charcoal generating apparatus that generates plant biomass charcoal having high energy density and high specific gravity of plant biomass resources.

It is considered that the biomass fuel produced by this biomass coal production device is used by being mixed with coal at a thermal power plant.
JP 2005-126573 A

  Most of the plant waste generated in plant cultivation facilities is incinerated, and the generation of smoke during the incineration has caused environmental pollution. On the other hand, in plant cultivation facilities, fossil fuels such as oil are burned for the purpose of forcing cultivation to heat the facilities.

  Therefore, in the present invention, it is an object to make it possible to efficiently use plant waste that is incinerated wastefully as biomass fuel.

The problems of the present invention are solved by the following technical means.
The invention according to claim 1 is provided with a plant waste treatment facility (10) provided with a carbonization device (8) for carbonizing plant waste and a carbide storage place (9) adjacent to the plant cultivation facility (1). Waste plant transport conveyor (5) for sending plant waste from plant cultivation facility (1) to plant waste treatment facility (10) and carbonization equipment (8) from plant waste treatment facility (10) to plant cultivation facility (1) ) Was used as a circulation type plant cultivation facility provided with a carbide transport conveyor (6) for sending the carbonized plant charcoal.

  With this configuration, plant waste such as stems and pruned branches generated in the plant cultivation facility (1) is carried into the plant waste treatment facility (10) by the waste plant transport conveyor (5) and carbonized by the carbonization device (8). Carbide is carried into the plant cultivation facility (1) by the carbide transport conveyor (6) and used as fuel for heating the facility or a carbon dioxide generating material for plant growth.

  In the invention described in claim 1, plant waste such as stems and pruned branches generated in the plant cultivation facility 1 is sent to the plant waste treatment facility 10 by the waste plant transport conveyor 5, and carbonization of the plant waste treatment facility 10 is performed. Since it is immediately carbonized by the apparatus 8, there is no generation of bad odor due to decay, and the generated carbide is placed in the carbide storage place 9, and if necessary, sent to the plant cultivation facility 1 by the carbide transport conveyor 6 to be used as boiler fuel or carbon dioxide gas Since it is burned in the generator and used as facility warming or carbon dioxide for plant growth, it is effective in preventing global warming by reducing the use of fossil fuel. Moreover, since the plant waste generated in the plant cultivation facility 1 is not discharged to the outside, it is effective for environmental protection.

Next, the Example of the circulation type plant cultivation facility which implemented this invention is described below.
In FIG. 1, a plant waste treatment facility 10 is installed next to the plant cultivation facility 1.

  Inside a plant cultivation facility 1 composed of a greenhouse such as a greenhouse, a cultivation plant 2 such as a tomato is cultivated in a strip, and a work space 3 is provided at one corner. A plant receiving hopper 12 connected to the plant waste transport conveyor 5 is provided on one side of the work space 3, and a boiler 4 connected to the carbide transport conveyor 6 is provided on the other side.

  Inside the plant waste treatment facility 10, a plant crusher 7 connected to the waste plant transport conveyor 5 and a carbonization device 8 for heating and carbonizing the crushed plant discharged from the plant crusher 7 are provided. In the center of the facility 10, there is provided a carbide storage place 9 for placing carbide coming out of the carbonization device 8, and a carbide supply hopper 11 connected to the carbide transport conveyor 6 provided on the opposite side of the waste plant transport conveyor 5.

  In the plant cultivation facility 1, during cultivation of the cultivated plant 2, waste plants such as pruned branches and chicks or harvested stems are collected in the work space 3, and the waste plants are input to the plant receiving hopper 12. The waste plant thrown into the plant receiving hopper 12 is sent to the plant crusher 7 by the waste plant transport conveyor 5 and finely pulverized, and further heated by the carbonization device 8 to become a carbide. Carbides exiting from the carbonization apparatus 8 are stored in the carbide storage place 9.

  During the cultivation of the cultivated plant 2, the carbide placed in the carbide yard 9 is put into the carbide supply hopper 11, sent to the boiler 4 by the carbide transport conveyor 6, and burned. As a result, the supply of carbon dioxide for plant growth and the warming of the room temperature are performed.

In addition, if the carbide | carbonized_material of the carbide | carbonized_material storage place 9 runs out to the boiler 4, coal, kerosene, etc. will be directly supplied.
2 and 3 show the structure of the breeding bed 15 of the cultivated plant 2 in the plant cultivation facility 1. The growing bed 15 is composed of an upper foamed polystyrene planting table 16 and a lower foamed polystyrene vent 19. The planting stand 16 is made of a foamed polystyrene having a U groove 17 for receiving a filler such as rock wool and a nutrient solution groove 18 provided in the center of the U groove 17, and the nutrient solution is poured into the U groove 17 to plant the filler. Supply fertilizer and water to cultivated plants. The ventilation table 19 receives the planting table 16 and forms a U-groove 20 in the center, and forms openings 21 from the U-groove 20 toward both sides at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.

Warm air is sent to the U-groove 20 of the aeration table 19 to warm the bottom surface of the planting table 6, and warm air blows out sideways from the opening 21 to warm the inside of the plant cultivation facility 1 evenly.
The growing bed 15 is placed on the gantry 14 or placed on the embankment 21 so that the worker can easily perform the growing work and the harvesting work.

  4 and 5 show another embodiment of the breeding bed 15. In FIG. 4, the upper planting table 25 is formed in a bowl shape with a nutrient solution groove 23 at the center by bending an iron plate, and the lower foamed polystyrene vent 26 is laterally extended from the central U groove 24. An adjustment piece 27 is inserted into the opening 28 to be opened so that the amount of ventilation can be adjusted.

  In FIG. 5, a receiving plate 29 having a stem receiving surface 30 for receiving stems such as cocoons is placed on an upper planting table 40 via a waterproof sheet 31. In the same manner as described above, the planting table 40 has a ventilation table 39 placed on the frame 32 and mounted thereon.

  FIG. 6 shows a blower facility for the growing bed 15. The temperature of the air sucked from the intake cylinder 33 is adjusted by the cooling unit 34 and the heating unit 36 provided via the switching valve 35 and sent to the main duct 37, and is branched from the main duct 37 to the respective breeding beds 15 by the branch duct 38. I care.

  FIG. 7 shows the nutrient solution recovery side of the cultivating bed 15, a nutrient solution recovery path 45 and a nutrient solution discharge path 46 are provided, and the nutrient solution that accumulates in the collection tray 41 from the end of the growth bed 15 is discharged by the hose 42. It is inserted into the recovery port 44 to change the flow. The nutrient solution flowing through the nutrient solution discharge path 46 from the discharge port 43 is discharged to the outside of the facility, and the nutrient solution flowing through the nutrient solution recovery channel 45 from the recovery port 44 is returned to the nutrient solution tank 47 and flows again through the growth bed 15. become. The discharge of such nutrient solution is because the nutrient solution flowing through the growing bed 15 is not reused when a disease occurs in some of the growing beds 15. In addition, the flow of the nutrient solution may be changed by connecting a switching valve to the hose 42 so that it can be recovered or discharged.

  FIG. 8 shows the movement position relationship of the electric lamp 49 provided in the plant cultivation facility 1. When turning on the electric light 49 at night, it is located in the middle of each breeding bed 15 so that the cultivated plants are uniformly exposed to light, and when pruning and harvesting operations are performed in the daytime, Move up to avoid getting in the way. The movement of the electric lamp 49 moves the electric wire 48 together. However, the electric lamp 49 may be moved manually at the time of work or automatically by time control.

  9 and 10 show a light-shielding agent application device 61 that applies a light-shielding agent to the roof of the plant cultivation facility 1. Both sides of the roof are covered with ropes 56, 57 that span a hook 54, 55 with a shading agent coating device 61 that supports a nozzle tube 50 shaped along the mountain-shaped roof 60 of the plant cultivation facility 1 with a wheel 58 that rotates inside the fence 59. Provided to move by pulling from. Each nozzle pipe 50 is connected with a pipe 51 for pressure-feeding paint, and a solution such as lime is sprayed from a plurality of nozzles 52 opened toward the roof to shield the transparent glass.

  FIG. 11 is a laterally moving table 62 for changing the ridge of the mountain-shaped roof 60 on which the light-shielding agent coating device 61 is placed, and the wheels of the light-shielding agent coating device 61 are placed on the side of the abutment 65 on which an operator can get on. Receiving grooves 64 and 64 for receiving and supporting 58 are provided, and a claw insertion portion 66 for receiving a claw 67 of the forklift 63 is provided at the bottom of the abutment 65.

  In order to use the lateral moving table 62, the forklift 63 raises the receiving grooves 64, 64 to a position where the light shielding agent applying device 61 is received, and the wheels 58 of the light shielding agent applying device 61 are moved from the mountain roof 60 to the receiving grooves 64, 64. The forklift 63 is moved to a horizontal ridge, and the shading agent applicator 61 is moved and mounted on the ridge again. It should be noted that when the light-shielding agent coating device 61 is placed on the lateral movement table 62, an operator who has boarded the abutment 65 can also check the nozzle 52 and the like.

FIG. 12 shows a sterilizer 70 for nutrient solution flowing through the growth bed 15.
A rotating shaft 73 that is slowly rotated by a motor 72 is provided in a stainless steel cylindrical tank 71. A number of support nets 74 assembled in a net shape in plan view are attached to the rotating shaft 73 at a predetermined interval. Further, the inside of the cylindrical tank 71 is partitioned by two-stage partition walls 75 and 76, and through holes 77 are provided in the partition walls 75 and 76. A hanging wire 81 to which an octocross 80 shown in FIG. 13 is attached is hooked on the support net 74. The octocross 80 is a nylon non-woven fabric plated with silver.

  The cylindrical tank 71 is provided with an inflow pipe 78 in the upper corner and an outflow pipe 79 in the lower corner. The nutrient solution entering the cylindrical tank 71 from the inflow pipe 78 is stirred by the octocross 80 while the partition wall 75 It sinks through the through hole 77 and is taken out from the outflow pipe 79. During this time, the nutrient solution is sterilized by the silver ions of the octocross 80. The outlet position of the outflow pipe 79 is set slightly lower than the liquid level so that the nutrient solution slowly flows in the cylindrical tank 71.

FIG. 13 shows a work carriage 81 used in the plant cultivation facility 1.
The work carriage 81 moves on the rails 82 laid in the facility by wheels 83, and a work table 85 on which the operator is boarded moves up and down by a pantograph-like column 84, and the work table 85 moves laterally with respect to the main body. Thus, the worker can approach the crop 88 and can easily perform the work without stretching the body sideways. A work frame 85 is provided with a surrounding frame 86 to prevent the operator from falling. In this embodiment, the growing bed 15 is suspended by the hanging metal fitting 87.

FIG. 15 shows a control vehicle 90 that travels in the plant cultivation facility 1.
The nozzle tube erected on the control vehicle 90 is composed of an upper nozzle tube 91 and a lower nozzle tube 92. The upper nozzle tube 91 guides and disperses a medicine from a medicine tank 93 containing a bactericide, and the lower nozzle pipe. In 92, the insecticide from the chemical tank 94 containing the pesticide is introduced and sprayed. By doing in this way, the disease which is easy to occur on the lower side of the cultivated crop can be prevented, pests such as aphids which are likely to be generated on the upper side of the cultivated crop can be effectively eliminated, and the amount of drugs used can be reduced.

16 and 17 show a hormone spraying wheel 95 for automatically spraying a hormone agent on the cultivated crop flowers.
The hormone sprayer 95 includes a hormone tank 96, a pump 101, an automatic control personal computer 102, and a nozzle 98 and a camera 97 that are automatically raised and lowered with respect to the support column 100. The nozzle 98 is moved to the flower position, and a hormonal agent is sprayed toward the flower. The nozzle 98 is provided with a cover 99 so that the hormone agent is not dispersed. This hormonal spray is applied to improve fruit set and seedlessness.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of the control of the amount of carbon dioxide in the plant cultivation facility 1, and controls so as to supply a large amount of carbon dioxide according to the time when there is much sunlight and photosynthesis is active.
When the amount of solar radiation is large and the air temperature is high during the daytime with the solar radiation amount measuring sensor, the timer and the temperature sensor, control is performed to increase the carbon dioxide gas supply amount because photosynthesis is active.

Plan view of an embodiment of the present invention Partial perspective view of the growing bed Front view of rearing bed Partial perspective view of another example growing bed Front sectional view of another example growing bed Top view of the blower to the growing bed Explanatory drawing of nutrient solution recovery side of the breeding bed Movement position relation diagram of electric light Front view of the shading agent applicator Side view of light-shielding agent applicator Front view of the horizontal moving table Front sectional view of nutrient solution sterilizer Partially enlarged perspective view of nutrient solution sterilizer Side view of work cart Illustration of control vehicle Side view of a hormone sprayer Front view of hormone sprayer Carbon dioxide amount control explanatory diagram

Explanation of symbols

1 Plant Cultivation Facility 5 Waste Plant Transport Conveyor 6 Carbide Transport Conveyor 8 Carbonization Equipment 9 Carbide Place 10 Plant Waste Treatment Facility

Claims (1)

A plant waste treatment facility (10) provided with a carbonization device (8) for carbonizing plant waste and a carbide storage place (9) is provided adjacent to the plant cultivation facility (1). Waste plant transport conveyor (5) for sending plant waste to the waste treatment facility (10), and carbide for sending plant carbonized carbonized by the carbonization device (8) from the plant waste treatment facility (10) to the plant cultivation facility (1) Circulation-type plant cultivation facility provided with a transport conveyor (6).

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