JP2008231293A - Lubricant composition and lubrication system using the same - Google Patents
Lubricant composition and lubrication system using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2008231293A JP2008231293A JP2007074278A JP2007074278A JP2008231293A JP 2008231293 A JP2008231293 A JP 2008231293A JP 2007074278 A JP2007074278 A JP 2007074278A JP 2007074278 A JP2007074278 A JP 2007074278A JP 2008231293 A JP2008231293 A JP 2008231293A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant composition
- mass
- compound
- acid
- solid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- -1 amide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S Chemical compound [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- SWSBIGKFUOXRNJ-CVBJKYQLSA-N ethene;(z)-octadec-9-enamide Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O SWSBIGKFUOXRNJ-CVBJKYQLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- FTQWRYSLUYAIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(octadecanoylamino)methyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FTQWRYSLUYAIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DJWFNQUDPJTSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DJWFNQUDPJTSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPUBMKFFRRFXIP-YPAXQUSRSA-N (9z,33z)-dotetraconta-9,33-dienediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O CPUBMKFFRRFXIP-YPAXQUSRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O KEMQGTRYUADPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ISYWECDDZWTKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMQNWLUEXNQIGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCC(O)=O BMQNWLUEXNQIGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ACXGEQOZKSSXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC(O)=O ACXGEQOZKSSXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUPQYPMULVBQDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O.CCCCC(O)=O HUPQYPMULVBQDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LWBHHRRTOZQPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O LWBHHRRTOZQPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXJJJAKXVVAHKI-WRBBJXAJSA-N (9z,29z)-octatriaconta-9,29-dienediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O MXJJJAKXVVAHKI-WRBBJXAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZGOTNLOZGRSJA-ZZEZOPTASA-N (z)-n-octadecyloctadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC VZGOTNLOZGRSJA-ZZEZOPTASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZAZXIUFBCPZGB-QZOPMXJLSA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O YZAZXIUFBCPZGB-QZOPMXJLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYGFTTWEWBXNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-amino-10-oxodecanoic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FYGFTTWEWBXNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-12-oxododecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QFGCFKJIPBRJGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZVIUXKOLXVBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanamide Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O KZVIUXKOLXVBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XHSVWKJCURCWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 19-[3-(19-amino-19-oxononadecyl)phenyl]nonadecanamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O)=C1 XHSVWKJCURCWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCC(CO)(CO)CO SZSSMFVYZRQGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butoxymethyl]-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CC)(CO)CO WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OXDRRSIWCCBLOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O.CC(C)CC(O)=O OXDRRSIWCCBLOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- JLRBNGCMXSGALP-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCC(O)=O JLRBNGCMXSGALP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);1,10-phenanthroline;dicyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YAQXGBBDJYBXKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N noncarboxylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BARWIPMJPCRCTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleic acid oleyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC BARWIPMJPCRCTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N oleyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGDIOJPGJAGMGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacosanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O MGDIOJPGJAGMGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/76—Reduction of noise, shudder, or vibrations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】極少量の油剤を潤滑しゅう動部に塗布して薄膜状態において高い極圧性と安定した摩擦特性など、優れた潤滑性を示す常温で半固体状の潤滑剤組成物、およびこの潤滑剤組成物を伝動要素機構に用いた潤滑システムの提供。
【解決手段】液状基油を10〜99.9質量%、アミド化合物を0.1〜90質量%、及び固体潤滑剤を1.0〜20質量%又は有機モリブデン化合物をMo量として0.0005〜5質量%含み、常温で半固体状である潤滑剤組成物、及びかかる潤滑剤組成物を、軸受、ギヤ、運動ネジ、直動テーブル、カム、ベルト、チェーン、及びワイヤーロープなどを含む伝動要素機構に用いた潤滑システム。
【選択図】なしAn object of the present invention is to provide a semi-solid lubricant composition that exhibits excellent lubricity, such as high extreme pressure and stable friction characteristics in a thin film state by applying an extremely small amount of oil to a lubricated sliding portion, and this lubricant Providing a lubrication system using the composition in a transmission element mechanism.
The liquid base oil is 10 to 99.9% by mass, the amide compound is 0.1 to 90% by mass, the solid lubricant is 1.0 to 20% by mass, or the organomolybdenum compound is Mo in amount of 0.0005. Lubricant composition containing ˜5% by mass and being semi-solid at room temperature, and transmission of such lubricant composition including bearings, gears, moving screws, linear motion tables, cams, belts, chains, wire ropes, etc. Lubrication system used for element mechanism.
[Selection figure] None
Description
本発明は、常温で半固体状の潤滑剤組成物に関し、特には、高い極圧性と安定した摩擦特性を有する潤滑剤組成物に関する。本発明はさらに該潤滑剤組成物を伝動要素機構に用いた潤滑システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a lubricant composition that is semi-solid at room temperature, and particularly relates to a lubricant composition having high extreme pressure properties and stable friction characteristics. The present invention further relates to a lubrication system using the lubricant composition in a transmission element mechanism.
近年、環境対応、省エネルギーが重要なキーテクノロジーとなっている。特に環境課題としては、二酸化炭素排出量の削減、省電力、省エネルギー、資源の有効活用など多々挙げることができる。対象とされる分野も各種の生産産業活動、輸送システムなど様々である。 In recent years, environmental friendliness and energy saving have become important key technologies. In particular, there are many environmental issues such as reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, power saving, energy saving, and effective use of resources. The target fields are various, such as various production industry activities and transportation systems.
各種産業機械、例えば圧延機、塑性加工機械、工作機械、射出成型機、プレス機、鍛圧機なども精度の高い加工、高信頼性はもとより、省エネルギー化が強く求められている。また圧縮機、真空ポンプにおいても省エネルギー運転が求められる。また自動車、建設機械、農業機械、列車、航空機、船舶などに代表される輸送システムにおいても快適で安定な走行、航行とともに省燃費、省エネルギー化が求められる。さらには家庭電化製品、OA機器、精密機械などの機械システムもさらなる省エネルギー対応を考慮した製品が開発されている。 Various industrial machines such as rolling mills, plastic working machines, machine tools, injection molding machines, press machines, forging machines, etc. are strongly required to save energy in addition to high-precision processing and high reliability. Energy saving operation is also required for compressors and vacuum pumps. In addition, transportation systems represented by automobiles, construction machinery, agricultural machinery, trains, airplanes, ships, and the like are also required to have comfortable and stable travel and navigation, as well as fuel saving and energy saving. In addition, mechanical systems such as home appliances, OA equipment, and precision machines have been developed in consideration of further energy saving.
このような機械システムには、軸受、ギヤ、運動ねじ、直動テーブル、カム、ベルト、チェーン、ワイヤーロープなどの伝動要素機構が用途に応じて少なからず組み込まれている。またこれらを適宜組み合わせたシステムも活用されている。軸受については各種の転がり軸受、すべり軸受などがある。ギヤ(歯車)も平歯車やはすば歯車などの平行軸歯車、フェースギヤなどの交差軸歯車、ねじ歯車やハイポイドギヤなどの食違い歯車、ウォームギヤ、遊星歯車、差動歯車など様々なタイプが挙げられる。運動ねじとしてはすべりねじや転がりねじが代表的な例として挙げられる。具体的な伝動要素機構を挙げると、製鉄所をはじめとした金属加工分野で使用される圧延機や塑性加工機などには軸受、テーブルローラー、チェーン駆動、ギヤーカップリングなどがあり、また工作機械、射出成型機、プレス機、鍛圧機、研削機などには軸受、運動ネジ、ギヤ、ベルト、チェーンなどの精密駆動機構部位がある。自動車のパワートレイン系においては、等速ジョイント、ユニバーサルジョイント、軸受、エンジン部周辺では、アクチュエータ、スターター、ギヤ、オルタネータ、軸受、またステアリング周辺では電動パワーステアリング、オーバーランニングなどのラック&ピニオン、チルトテレスコ、サスペンションのボールジョイント機構、制動装置やシャーシーの潤滑、電装部品・電装機構としては、ドアのハンドル部、ドアチェック、ドアヒンジ、ドアロックアクチュエータ、ドアラチャットの各箇所、キーシリンダ、電動ミラー、シートベルト、シート、ウィンドレギュレータ、各種スイッチなどに適宜各種の伝動要素機構が用いられている。また自動二輪車、自転車などではチェーン駆動部位、軸受がある。油圧ショベル、ホイールローダ、ブルドーザー、クレーンなどの建設機械にはガイドブッシュ、ギヤ、軸受があり、農業機械、草刈り機、チェーンソーなどには軸受、ギヤ、チェーン駆動部がある。また鉄道システムには変速ギヤ、レールの軌道切り替え機構があり、航空機や船舶にも各種の軸受やギヤが設けられている。さらには、CD、DVD、磁気テープ、デジタルテーブなどを記録媒体とする各種映像音響情報機器、およびこれらの携帯機器、プリンター、ファクシミリ、複写機などのOA機器、またエアコン、冷蔵庫、掃除機、電子レンジ、洗濯機、健康マッサージ機などの家庭電化製品における軸受、ギヤ、直動ネジ、チェーン駆動、コンピュータ内のハードディスク駆動部、フィルムカメラ、デジタルカメラなどのシャッター機構部、レンズ駆動部、時計のギヤ機構も伝動要素機構の一例として挙げられる。 In such a mechanical system, a transmission element mechanism such as a bearing, a gear, a moving screw, a linear motion table, a cam, a belt, a chain, and a wire rope is incorporated in various ways depending on the application. In addition, a system in which these are appropriately combined is also used. There are various types of rolling bearings and sliding bearings. There are various types of gears (parallel gears such as spur gears and helical gears), cross shaft gears such as face gears, staggered gears such as screw gears and hypoid gears, worm gears, planetary gears, and differential gears. It is done. Typical examples of the moving screw include a sliding screw and a rolling screw. Specific transmission element mechanisms include rolling mills and plastic processing machines used in the metal processing field including steelworks, including bearings, table rollers, chain drives, gear couplings, and machine tools. Injection molding machines, press machines, forging machines, grinding machines, etc. have precision drive mechanism parts such as bearings, motion screws, gears, belts and chains. In automotive powertrain systems, constant velocity joints, universal joints, bearings, around the engine, actuators, starters, gears, alternators, bearings, and around the steering, electric power steering, racks and pinions such as overrunning, tilt telescopic , Suspension ball joint mechanism, braking device and chassis lubrication, electrical parts and electrical mechanisms include door handles, door checks, door hinges, door lock actuators, door latches, key cylinders, electric mirrors, seat belts Various transmission element mechanisms are used as appropriate for seats, window regulators, various switches, and the like. Motorcycles and bicycles have chain drive parts and bearings. Construction machines such as excavators, wheel loaders, bulldozers, and cranes have guide bushes, gears, and bearings. Agricultural machines, mowers, chainsaws, and the like have bearings, gears, and chain drive units. In addition, the railway system has a transmission gear and a rail track switching mechanism, and various bearings and gears are also provided in aircraft and ships. Furthermore, various audiovisual information equipment using CD, DVD, magnetic tape, digital tape, etc. as recording media, and office automation equipment such as portable devices, printers, facsimiles, copying machines, air conditioners, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, electronic Bearings, gears, linear motion screws, chain drives, hard disk drives in computers, shutter mechanisms for film cameras, digital cameras, lens drivers, watch gears in home appliances such as ranges, washing machines, and health massage machines The mechanism is also an example of a transmission element mechanism.
これら伝動要素機構には、用途に応じた各種潤滑油、潤滑剤、グリース、固体潤滑剤、およびこれらを組み合わせた潤滑方法が適用されている。特にグリースは、油漏れしにくく、それぞれの用途に応じた要求性能を有する製品が開発され、実用に供されている。また、鉱油系及び/又は合成系の液状潤滑基油、ビスアミド及び/又はモノアミド、さらには摩擦調整剤を含有する熱可逆性ゲル状の潤滑性を有する組成物が開示されている(特許文献1)。
しかし近年、上記機械システムの高機能化、小型化、長寿命化が強く求められており、潤滑剤にはより一層の高性能化、特には、極少量の油量でも不具合なく潤滑することが求められている。
However, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for higher performance, smaller size, and longer life of the above mechanical system, and lubricants can be further improved in performance, in particular, lubricated without any problems even with extremely small amounts of oil. It has been demanded.
本発明は上記課題を解決するもので、本発明の目的は極少量の油剤を潤滑しゅう動部に塗布し、薄膜状態においても高い極圧性と安定した摩擦特性など、優れた潤滑性を示す常温で半固体状の潤滑剤組成物、およびこの潤滑剤組成物を伝動要素機構に用いた潤滑システムを提供することにある。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to apply a very small amount of oil to a lubricated sliding part, and to show excellent lubricity such as high extreme pressure and stable friction characteristics even in a thin film state. A semi-solid lubricant composition, and a lubrication system using the lubricant composition in a transmission element mechanism.
本発明者らは、前記の課題を解決すべく、潤滑油基油、潤滑性を保持する化学物質、添加剤等、及びそれらの組み合わせについて鋭意研究を進めた結果、本発明に想到した。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of diligent research on a lubricating base oil, chemical substances that retain lubricity, additives, and the like, and combinations thereof.
すなわち、本発明は、次のとおりの潤滑剤組成物及び潤滑システムである。
(1) 液状基油を10〜99.9質量%、アミド化合物を0.1〜90質量%、及び固体潤滑剤を1.0〜20質量%又は有機モリブデン化合物をモリブデン(Mo)量として0.0005〜5質量%含み、常温で半固体状であることを特徴とする潤滑剤組成物。
That is, the present invention is the following lubricant composition and lubrication system.
(1) 10 to 99.9% by mass of liquid base oil, 0.1 to 90% by mass of amide compound, 1.0 to 20% by mass of solid lubricant, or 0 as the amount of molybdenum (Mo) of organic molybdenum compound A lubricant composition characterized by containing .0005 to 5% by mass and being semi-solid at room temperature.
(2) 液状基油が、ポリ−α−オレフィンオリゴマー及び脂肪酸エステルから選択される少なくとも1種である上記(1)に記載の潤滑剤組成物。 (2) The lubricant composition according to (1), wherein the liquid base oil is at least one selected from poly-α-olefin oligomers and fatty acid esters.
(3) アミド化合物が、下記の一般式(1)〜(3)で表される少なくとも1種の化合物である上記(1)又は(2)に記載の潤滑剤組成物、
(4) 固体潤滑剤が、二硫化モリブデン、グラファイト、窒化ホウ素及びフッ素樹脂から選択される1種以上である上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(5) 有機モリブデン化合物が、モリブデンジチオカーバメート及びモリブデンジチオフォスフェートの少なくとも1種である上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(4) The lubricant composition according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the solid lubricant is at least one selected from molybdenum disulfide, graphite, boron nitride, and fluororesin.
(5) The lubricant composition according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the organic molybdenum compound is at least one of molybdenum dithiocarbamate and molybdenum dithiophosphate.
(6) 上記(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の潤滑剤組成物を伝動要素機構に用いたことを特徴とする潤滑システム。
(7) 伝動要素機構が、軸受、ギヤ、運動ネジ、直動テーブル、カム、ベルト、チェーン、及びワイヤーロープの少なくとも1種を含む上記(6)に記載の潤滑システム。
(6) A lubrication system using the lubricant composition according to any one of (1) to (5) in a transmission element mechanism.
(7) The lubrication system according to (6), wherein the transmission element mechanism includes at least one of a bearing, a gear, a moving screw, a linear motion table, a cam, a belt, a chain, and a wire rope.
本発明の潤滑剤組成物によれば、潤滑しゅう動部に少量塗布することにより、しゅう動時において安定した薄膜を形成し、高い極圧性と低い摩擦特性などの優れた潤滑性を長期間示すという格別の効果を奏するものである。また、常温で半固体状の潤滑剤組成物であるから、汎用のグリースの代替はもとより、軸受、ギヤ、運動ネジ、直動テーブル、カム、ベルト、チェーン、ワイヤーロープなどの伝動要素機構、特に自動車のパワーステアリングの潤滑剤として有効に用いることができる。 According to the lubricant composition of the present invention, by applying a small amount to a lubricated sliding portion, a stable thin film is formed during sliding, and excellent lubricity such as high extreme pressure and low friction characteristics is exhibited for a long period of time. This is a special effect. Also, because it is a semi-solid lubricant composition at room temperature, it is not only a substitute for general-purpose grease, but also transmission element mechanisms such as bearings, gears, motion screws, linear motion tables, cams, belts, chains, wire ropes, etc. It can be used effectively as a lubricant for automobile power steering.
本発明は、液状基油を10〜99.9質量%、アミド化合物を0.1〜90質量%、及び固体潤滑剤を1.0〜20質量%又は有機モリブデン化合物をMo量として0.0005〜5質量%含み、常温で半固体状である潤滑剤組成物であり、潤滑を要する伝動要素機構に塗布しておくと、潤滑を要する状態になったとき、液状となって所望の潤滑性能を発揮する。特に、焼付トラブルが心配される低速、高荷重のサービス、極圧潤滑を要するサービスに有用であり、薄膜下で高い潤滑性を示すとともに、油保特性にも優れているため油切れが生じにくいことから焼付が起こりにくくなる。また、本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、伝動要素機構の摺動部が運動を始めると当該摺動部の温度が上昇し、半固体状から液体状態になり狭い摺動部に進入して潤滑剤組成物として働くが、摺動部から離れて摩擦熱が伝播しない部分は半固体の状態を保持するため、いわゆるオイル漏れを心配する必要がなく、周囲を常時清潔に保つことができる。
なお、ここで「常温」とは室内の普通の温度を意味し、具体的には、50℃以下、より一般的には−10〜30℃程度の温度環境をいう。
In the present invention, the liquid base oil is 10 to 99.9% by mass, the amide compound is 0.1 to 90% by mass, the solid lubricant is 1.0 to 20% by mass, or the organic molybdenum compound is 0.0005 as the amount of Mo. It is a lubricant composition that contains ~ 5% by mass and is semi-solid at room temperature, and when applied to a transmission element mechanism that requires lubrication, it becomes liquid when desired lubrication and becomes a desired lubricating performance. To demonstrate. It is especially useful for low-speed, high-load services where extreme seizure problems are a concern, and services that require extreme pressure lubrication. This makes it difficult for seizure to occur. In addition, the lubricant composition of the present invention, when the sliding portion of the transmission element mechanism starts to move, the temperature of the sliding portion rises, changes from a semi-solid state to a liquid state, enters the narrow sliding portion, and lubricates. Although it works as an agent composition, the part where the frictional heat does not propagate away from the sliding part maintains a semi-solid state, so there is no need to worry about so-called oil leakage, and the surroundings can always be kept clean.
Here, “normal temperature” means an ordinary temperature in the room, specifically, a temperature environment of 50 ° C. or less, more generally about −10 to 30 ° C.
[液状基油]
本発明に用いる液状基油は、鉱油(鉱物油ともいう)、合成油あるいはこれらの混合油を用いることができる。液状基油の物性は、特に限定するものではないが、40℃における動粘度が5〜5000mm2/sのものが好ましく、10〜1000mm2/sのものがより好ましく、さらに好ましくは20〜700mm2/sである。さらに、粘度指数は90以上、好ましくは95〜250であり、流動点は−10℃以下、好ましくは−15〜−70℃であり、引火点は150℃以上であることが好ましい。
[Liquid base oil]
As the liquid base oil used in the present invention, mineral oil (also referred to as mineral oil), synthetic oil, or a mixed oil thereof can be used. The physical properties of the liquid base oil are not particularly limited, but those having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 5 to 5000 mm 2 / s are preferable, those of 10 to 1000 mm 2 / s are more preferable, and 20 to 700 mm 2 / s are more preferable. It is. Furthermore, the viscosity index is 90 or more, preferably 95 to 250, the pour point is −10 ° C. or less, preferably −15 to −70 ° C., and the flash point is preferably 150 ° C. or more.
鉱油としては、原油を常圧蒸留して、さらには減圧蒸留して得られた潤滑油留分を、溶剤脱れき、溶剤抽出、水素化分解、溶剤脱蝋、水素化脱蝋、水素化精製、硫酸洗浄、白土処理等の潤滑油精製手段を適宜組み合わせて処理して得られた精製潤滑油留分を好適に用いることができる。各種の原料と各種の精製手段の組み合わせから得られた性状の異なる精製潤滑油留分を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。 As mineral oil, crude oil fraction obtained by atmospheric distillation and further vacuum distillation is used to remove solvent, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, hydrodewaxing, hydrorefining. In addition, a refined lubricating oil fraction obtained by treating with appropriate combinations of lubricating oil refining means such as sulfuric acid washing and clay treatment can be suitably used. Refined lubricating oil fractions having different properties obtained from a combination of various raw materials and various purification means may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
また、合成油としては、ポリ-α-オレフィン(PAO)、エチレン-α-オレフィンオリゴマーなどのポリ−α−オレフィンオリゴマー、アルキルナフテン、アルキルナフタレン、グリコール、脂肪酸エステル、シリコーン油、フッ素化油などを挙げることができる。なかでも、ポリ-α-オレフィン、脂肪酸エステルが、粘度特性、酸化安定性、材料適合性、コストの面で優れており、好ましく用いることができる。これらの合成油は、上記の物性を満足するのであれば、単独で用いることもできるし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。さらに、上記の鉱油と合成油を任意な混合割合で混合して使用することができる。このとき、鉱油と合成油はそれぞれ複数用いてもかまわない。 Synthetic oils include poly-α-olefin (PAO), poly-α-olefin oligomers such as ethylene-α-olefin oligomers, alkyl naphthenes, alkyl naphthalenes, glycols, fatty acid esters, silicone oils, and fluorinated oils. Can be mentioned. Of these, poly-α-olefins and fatty acid esters are excellent in terms of viscosity characteristics, oxidation stability, material compatibility, and cost, and can be preferably used. These synthetic oils can be used alone or in combination of two or more as long as the above physical properties are satisfied. Furthermore, the above mineral oil and synthetic oil can be mixed and used at an arbitrary mixing ratio. At this time, a plurality of mineral oils and synthetic oils may be used.
ポリ−α−オレフィンは、化学的に不活性であり、粘度特性に優れ、幅広い粘度を有するものが市販されておりコスト面でも好ましい。ポリ−α−オレフィンは、1−デセンや1−ドデセン、あるいは1−テトラデセンなどのオレフィンオリゴマーを重合し、重合度2〜10の範囲で、これら重合物を粘度調整のために適宜配合したものを好ましく使用することができる。 Poly-α-olefins are chemically inert, have excellent viscosity characteristics, have a wide range of viscosities, and are preferable in terms of cost. The poly-α-olefin is obtained by polymerizing olefin oligomers such as 1-decene, 1-dodecene, or 1-tetradecene, and appropriately blending these polymers for viscosity adjustment within a polymerization degree range of 2 to 10. It can be preferably used.
脂肪酸エステルも様々な分子構造の化合物が市販されており、それぞれ特有の粘度特性(高粘度指数、低流動点)を有し、同一粘度である炭化水素系基油と比べると引火点が高い特徴がある基油である。脂肪酸エステルは、アルコールと脂肪酸を脱水縮合反応して得ることができるが、本発明においては、化学的な安定性の面で、ジエステル、ポリオールエステル、またはコンプレックスエステルを好適な液状基油成分として挙げることができる。 Fatty acid esters are also commercially available as compounds with various molecular structures, each having unique viscosity characteristics (high viscosity index, low pour point), and higher flash point than hydrocarbon base oils of the same viscosity. There is a base oil. The fatty acid ester can be obtained by a dehydration condensation reaction of alcohol and fatty acid, but in the present invention, a diester, a polyol ester, or a complex ester is mentioned as a suitable liquid base oil component in terms of chemical stability. be able to.
ジエステルとしては、炭素数4〜14の二塩基酸と、炭素数5〜18のアルコールとのエステルが好ましく用いられる。ここで、二塩基酸としては、具体的には、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ウンデカン二酸、ドデカン二酸等が挙げられ、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸が好ましい。アルコールとしては、炭素数が6〜12の1価アルコール、特には8〜10の炭化水素基に分岐を有する1価アルコールが好ましい。具体的には、2−エチルヘキサノール、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノール、デシルアルコール、ラウリルアルコール、オレイルアルコール等が挙げられる。 As the diester, an ester of a dibasic acid having 4 to 14 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 5 to 18 carbon atoms is preferably used. Specific examples of the dibasic acid include adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and the like, and adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid are preferable. The alcohol is preferably a monohydric alcohol having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, particularly a monohydric alcohol having a branch in a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 10 carbon atoms. Specific examples include 2-ethylhexanol, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol and the like.
また、ポリオールエステルとしては、ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、トリメチロールブタン、ジ−(トリメチロールプロパン)、トリ−(トリメチロールプロパン)、ペンタエリスリトール、ジ−(ペンタエリスリトール)、トリ−(ペンタエリスリトール)等のヒンダードアルコールと炭素数1〜24の脂肪酸とのエステルが好ましい。脂肪酸において、その炭素数は特に制限されるものではないが、炭素数1〜24の脂肪酸の中でも、潤滑性の点から炭素数3以上のものが好ましく、炭素数4以上のものがより好ましく、炭素数5以上のものが更に好ましく、炭素数7以上のものが特に好ましい。具体的には、ペンタン酸、ヘキサン酸、ヘプタン酸、オクタン酸、ノナン酸、デカン酸、ウンデカン酸、ドデカン酸、トリデカン酸、テトラデカン酸、ペンタデカン酸、ヘキサデカン酸、ヘプタデカン酸、オクタデカン酸、ノナデカン酸、イコサン酸、オレイン酸等が挙げられ、これらの脂肪酸は直鎖状脂肪酸、分枝状脂肪酸のいずれであってもよく、更にはα炭素原子が4級炭素原子である脂肪酸(ネオ酸)であってもよい。これらの中でも、吉草酸(n−ペンタン酸)、カプロン酸(n−ヘキサン酸)、エナント酸(n−ヘプタン酸)、カプリル酸(n−オクタン酸)、ペラルゴン酸(n−ノナン酸)、カプリン酸(n−デカン酸)、オレイン酸(cis−9−オクタデセン酸)、イソペンタン酸(3−メチルブタン酸)、2−メチルヘキサン酸、2−エチルペンタン酸、2−エチルヘキサン酸及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸が好ましく用いられる。 Examples of polyol esters include neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, di- (trimethylol propane), tri- (trimethylol propane), pentaerythritol, di- (pentaerythritol), tri Esters of hindered alcohols such as-(pentaerythritol) and fatty acids having 1 to 24 carbon atoms are preferred. In the fatty acid, the number of carbon atoms is not particularly limited, but among the fatty acids having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, those having 3 or more carbon atoms are preferable from the viewpoint of lubricity, and those having 4 or more carbon atoms are more preferable. Those having 5 or more carbon atoms are more preferable, and those having 7 or more carbon atoms are particularly preferable. Specifically, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, Examples of such fatty acids may include linear fatty acids and branched fatty acids, and fatty acids (neoic acids) in which the α carbon atom is a quaternary carbon atom. May be. Among these, valeric acid (n-pentanoic acid), caproic acid (n-hexanoic acid), enanthic acid (n-heptanoic acid), caprylic acid (n-octanoic acid), pelargonic acid (n-nonanoic acid), caprin Acid (n-decanoic acid), oleic acid (cis-9-octadecenoic acid), isopentanoic acid (3-methylbutanoic acid), 2-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylpentanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid and 3,5,5 5-Trimethylhexanoic acid is preferably used.
また、二塩基酸と多価アルコールと一価カルボン酸または一価アルコールから合成されるコンプレックスエステルも好ましく用いられる。鉱物油は、より汎用な基油で、コスト面、粘度特性、酸化安定性などのバランスが取れている。これら基油のうち、ポリ−α−オレフィンは、性能面、コスト面で最も優れた基油として使用することができる。 Further, a complex ester synthesized from a dibasic acid, a polyhydric alcohol and a monovalent carboxylic acid or a monohydric alcohol is also preferably used. Mineral oil is a more general-purpose base oil that is well balanced in terms of cost, viscosity characteristics, and oxidation stability. Of these base oils, poly-α-olefins can be used as the most excellent base oil in terms of performance and cost.
[アミド化合物]
本発明に用いるアミド化合物は、アミド基(−NH−CO−)を1つ以上有する脂肪酸アミド化合物であり、次の式(1)で表されるアミド基が1個のモノアミド、及び式(2)及び(3)で表されるアミド基を2個有するビスアミドを好ましく用いることができる。
The amide compound used in the present invention is a fatty acid amide compound having one or more amide groups (—NH—CO—), a monoamide having one amide group represented by the following formula (1), and the formula (2 ) And bisamide having two amide groups represented by (3) can be preferably used.
モノアミド化合物は、上記式(1)で表されるが、R1及びR2を構成する水素の一部は水酸基で置換されていてもよい。このようなモノアミド化合物として、具体的には、ラウリン酸アミド、パルミチン酸アミド、ステアリン酸アミド、ベヘン酸アミド、ヒドロキシステアリン酸アミド等の飽和脂肪酸アミド、オレイン酸アミド、エルカ酸アミドなどの不飽和脂肪酸アミド、及びステアリルステアリン酸アミド、オレイルオレイン酸アミド、オレイルステアリン酸アミド、ステアリルオレイン酸アミド等の飽和又は不飽和の長鎖脂肪酸と長鎖アミンによる置換アミド類などが挙げられる。
これらのモノアミド化合物の中でも、式(1)のR1及びR2がそれぞれ独立して炭素数12〜20の飽和鎖状炭化水素基のアミド化合物及び/又はR1とR2の少なくともいずれか一方が炭素数12〜20の不飽和鎖状炭化水素基のアミド化合物であることが好ましく、両アミド化合物の混合物がより好ましい。さらに不飽和鎖状炭化水素基が炭素数18の不飽和結合を有するオレイル基であるモノアミド化合物が好ましい。具体的にはオレイン酸アミド、オレイルオレイン酸アミドが好ましく、摺動部に薄膜を形成し、保持し、焼付トラブルの解消に効果的な薄膜保持性を確保する。
The monoamide compound is represented by the above formula (1), but a part of hydrogen constituting R1 and R2 may be substituted with a hydroxyl group. Specific examples of such monoamide compounds include saturated fatty acid amides such as lauric acid amide, palmitic acid amide, stearic acid amide, behenic acid amide, and hydroxystearic acid amide, and unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid amide and erucic acid amide. Examples thereof include amides, and substituted amides with saturated or unsaturated long-chain fatty acids and long-chain amines such as stearyl stearamide, oleyl oleate, oleyl stearate, stearyl oleamide, and the like.
Among these monoamide compounds, R1 and R2 in the formula (1) are each independently an amide compound of a saturated chain hydrocarbon group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms and / or at least one of R1 and R2 has 12 carbon atoms. It is preferable that it is an amide compound of -20 unsaturated chain hydrocarbon groups, and a mixture of both amide compounds is more preferable. A monoamide compound in which the unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group is an oleyl group having an unsaturated bond having 18 carbon atoms is preferred. Specifically, oleic acid amide and oleyl oleic acid amide are preferable, and a thin film is formed and held on the sliding portion to ensure an effective thin film retaining property for solving the seizure trouble.
ビスアミド化合物としては、ジアミンの酸アミド又はジ酸の酸アミドのかたちをした上記式(2)又は(3)でそれぞれ表される化合物である。なお、式(2)及び(3)でR3、R4、R5及びR6、さらにA1及びA2で表される炭化水素基において、一部の水素が水酸基(−OH)で置換されていてもよい。
式(2)で表されるアミド化合物として、具体的には、エチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、エチレンビスイソステアリン酸アミド、エチレンビスオレイン酸アミド、メチレンビスラウリン酸アミド、ヘキサメチレンビスオレイン酸アミド、ヘキサメチレンビスヒドロキシステアリン酸アミド、m−キシリレンビスステアリン酸アミド等が挙げられる。式(3)で表されるアミド化合物として、具体的には、N,N’−ジステアリルセバシン酸アミド等が挙げられる。
The bisamide compound is a compound represented by the above formula (2) or (3) in the form of a diamine acid amide or a diacid acid amide. In the hydrocarbon groups represented by R3, R4, R5 and R6, and A1 and A2 in formulas (2) and (3), part of hydrogen may be substituted with a hydroxyl group (—OH).
Specific examples of the amide compound represented by the formula (2) include ethylene bis stearic acid amide, ethylene bis isostearic acid amide, ethylene bis oleic acid amide, methylene bis lauric acid amide, hexamethylene bis oleic acid amide, and hexamethylene. Examples thereof include bishydroxystearic acid amide and m-xylylene bisstearic acid amide. Specific examples of the amide compound represented by the formula (3) include N, N′-distearyl sebacic acid amide.
これらビスアミド化合物の中でも、モノアミド化合物の場合と同様に、式(2)のR3とR4及び式(3)のR5とR6がそれぞれ独立して炭素数12〜20の飽和鎖状炭化水素基のアミド化合物及び/又はR3とR4及びR5とR6の少なくともいずれか一方が炭素数12〜20の不飽和鎖状炭化水素基のアミド化合物であることが好ましく、両アミド化合物の混合物がより好ましい。さらに不飽和鎖状炭化水素基が炭素数18の不飽和結合を有するオレイル基であるビスアミド化合物が薄膜保持性を確保する上で好ましい。このような化合物として、エチレンビスオレイン酸アミド、ヘキサメチレンビスオレイン酸アミドなどが挙げられる。 Among these bisamide compounds, as in the case of the monoamide compound, R3 and R4 in formula (2) and R5 and R6 in formula (3) are each independently an amide of a saturated chain hydrocarbon group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms. It is preferable that at least any one of a compound and / or R3 and R4 and R5 and R6 is an amide compound of an unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and a mixture of both amide compounds is more preferable. Further, a bisamide compound in which the unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group is an oleyl group having an unsaturated bond having 18 carbon atoms is preferable for ensuring thin film retention. Examples of such compounds include ethylene bisoleic acid amide and hexamethylene bisoleic acid amide.
アミド化合物は、液状基油と均一に混合すると、常温でゲル状の潤滑性を有する組成物を形成する。この組成物と後述の固体潤滑剤又は有機モリブデン化合物を均一に配合して本発明の常温で半固体状(ゲル状)の潤滑剤組成物を調製する。したがって、アミド化合物は、液状基油を半固体状化(ゲル化)する半固体状化化合物として働くとともに、潤滑剤組成物本来の潤滑特性を発揮する状況においては、摩擦熱で融解して液体の潤滑剤組成物として働くことになる。常温で半固体、高温で液体の状態で使用されることを考えると、好ましく用いられるアミド化合物としては、融点は50〜200℃が好ましく、より好ましくは80〜180℃であり、さらに分子量は100〜1000が好ましく、より好ましくは150〜800である。 When the amide compound is uniformly mixed with the liquid base oil, it forms a gel-like composition at room temperature. This composition and a solid lubricant or an organomolybdenum compound described later are uniformly blended to prepare a semi-solid (gel-like) lubricant composition at room temperature of the present invention. Therefore, the amide compound works as a semi-solid compound that makes the liquid base oil semi-solid (gelled), and in a situation where the lubricant composition exhibits the inherent lubricating properties, it melts by frictional heat and becomes a liquid. It will work as a lubricant composition. Considering that it is used in a semi-solid state at normal temperature and in a liquid state at high temperature, the amide compound preferably used has a melting point of preferably 50 to 200 ° C., more preferably 80 to 180 ° C., and a molecular weight of 100. -1000 is preferable, More preferably, it is 150-800.
また機械システムの設計上の制約から極少量の油剤しか用いることができない摺動部で厳しい潤滑環境下においても焼付きなどを起こさないためには、摺動表面に油剤が強固に吸着・付着し、油膜を保持しなければならない。そのためには付着性を有する油剤が必要であるが、本発明では、半固体状化化合物であるアミド化合物の炭化水素基が不飽和鎖状であると付着性が増すことを見出した。付着性が増すと摺動表面へ薄膜状に塗布することができ、厳しい潤滑環境においても油膜切れを起こしにくくなり、潤滑性能が向上する。不飽和鎖状炭化水素基としては、炭素数12〜20の不飽和結合を有するアルケニル基、特には炭素数18の不飽和結合を有するオレイル基であるビスアミド化合物が好ましい。 In order to prevent seizure in a severe lubrication environment at sliding parts where only a small amount of oil can be used due to mechanical system design restrictions, the oil adheres firmly to the sliding surface. Must hold the oil film. For this purpose, an oil agent having adhesiveness is required. However, in the present invention, it has been found that the adhesiveness increases when the hydrocarbon group of the amide compound, which is a semi-solidified compound, is an unsaturated chain. When the adhesion increases, it can be applied to the sliding surface in a thin film, and it becomes difficult to cause an oil film breakage even in a severe lubrication environment, and the lubrication performance is improved. The unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group is preferably a bisamide compound which is an alkenyl group having an unsaturated bond having 12 to 20 carbon atoms, particularly an oleyl group having an unsaturated bond having 18 carbon atoms.
アミド化合物は、仕上がりの常温で半固体状である潤滑剤組成物に0.1〜90質量%含まれるように配合する。アミド化合物の配合量が、0.1質量%未満では、常温でゲル状の組成物を形成することができず、一方、90質量%を超えて配合しても硬くなりすぎてハンドリングしにくくなり、好ましくない。より好ましい配合量は1〜80質量%である。 The amide compound is blended so that it is contained in the lubricant composition that is semi-solid at the finished normal temperature in an amount of 0.1 to 90% by mass. If the amount of the amide compound is less than 0.1% by mass, a gel-like composition cannot be formed at room temperature. On the other hand, if it exceeds 90% by mass, it becomes too hard and difficult to handle. It is not preferable. A more preferable blending amount is 1 to 80% by mass.
[固体潤滑剤及び有機モリブデン化合物]
本発明の潤滑剤組成物では、高い潤滑性を実現するために、固体潤滑剤を1.0〜20質量%又は有機モリブデン化合物をMo量として0.0005〜5質量%配合する。両者を配合することが特に好ましい。
本発明の潤滑剤組成物で用いることのできる固体潤滑剤としては、層状構造化合物である二硫化モリブデン、グラファイトや窒化ホウ素、さらにポリイミド、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)などのフッ素樹脂が挙げられる。
固体潤滑剤は、本発明の潤滑剤組成物に1〜20質量%、好ましくは2〜10質量%含有されるよう配合する。含有量が1質量%未満では、固体潤滑剤と配合する意味がなく、また20質量%を超えて配合しても増量分に見合う潤滑性の効果が得られず、また安定的に基油中に分散できない。
[Solid lubricant and organic molybdenum compound]
In the lubricant composition of the present invention, in order to realize high lubricity, 1.0 to 20% by mass of a solid lubricant or 0.0005 to 5% by mass of an organomolybdenum compound as Mo amount is blended. It is particularly preferable to blend both.
Examples of the solid lubricant that can be used in the lubricant composition of the present invention include layered structure molybdenum disulfide, graphite and boron nitride, and fluorine resins such as polyimide and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
A solid lubricant is mix | blended so that 1-20 mass%, Preferably 2-10 mass% is contained in the lubricant composition of this invention. If the content is less than 1% by mass, there is no point in blending with a solid lubricant, and even if blended in excess of 20% by mass, the effect of lubricity commensurate with the amount of increase cannot be obtained, and the base oil can be stably added. Cannot be distributed.
これら固体潤滑剤は、微粒子状で基油に均一に分散できれば特に粒子径などの制約はなく使用することができるが、沈降することなく安定に分散させるためにも0.01〜100μm、さらには0.1〜10μmの粒子径がより好ましい。またこれら固体潤滑剤をあらかじめ希釈油、希釈溶剤に均一分散させたものも適宜使用することができる。これら固体潤滑剤のうち、層状構造化合物、特に二硫化モリブデンは、摺動部に形成される潤滑被膜が厳しい潤滑域で効果的に低摩擦特性に寄与するのでより好ましい。 These solid lubricants can be used with no particular restrictions on the particle diameter as long as they are in the form of fine particles and can be uniformly dispersed in the base oil. However, in order to stably disperse without settling, 0.01 to 100 μm, A particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm is more preferable. Further, those obtained by previously uniformly dispersing these solid lubricants in a diluent oil and a diluent solvent can be used as appropriate. Of these solid lubricants, the layered structure compound, particularly molybdenum disulfide, is more preferable because the lubricating coating formed on the sliding portion effectively contributes to low friction characteristics in a severe lubricating region.
本発明の潤滑剤組成物に効果的に用いることのできる有機モリブデン化合物としては、モリブデンジチオカーバメート(MoDTC)、モリブデンジチオフォスフェート(MoDTP)などを挙げることができる。これらの化合物は単独で用いることができるが、2種以上を組み合わせて用いることもできる。特に無機モリブデン化合物と有機モリブデン化合物とを組み合わせて用いるとより大きな潤滑性の向上効果が得られる。したがって、二硫化モリブデンと、MoDTC及び/又はMoDTPを組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。この場合、無機モリブデン化合物と有機モリブデン化合物との混合割合はモリブデン原子を基準にして0.5:1〜150:1が好ましく、より好ましく1:1〜20:1である。 Examples of the organic molybdenum compound that can be effectively used in the lubricant composition of the present invention include molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) and molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP). These compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In particular, when an inorganic molybdenum compound and an organic molybdenum compound are used in combination, a greater effect of improving lubricity can be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable to use molybdenum disulfide in combination with MoDTC and / or MoDTP. In this case, the mixing ratio of the inorganic molybdenum compound and the organic molybdenum compound is preferably 0.5: 1 to 150: 1, more preferably 1: 1 to 20: 1, based on the molybdenum atom.
無機モリブデン化合物および有機モリブデン化合物は、モリブデン原子を基準にして、仕上がりの常温で半固体状である潤滑剤組成物に好ましくは0.02〜20質量%、特に好ましくは0.1〜10質量%含まれるように配合する。配合割合が0.02質量%未満では潤滑性の向上効果が得られず、また一方で、20質量%を超えて配合しても配合に見合う潤滑性の向上効果が得らないばかりでなく、基油に安定に溶解しないなど添加量が多すぎることによって悪影響を受けることがある。 The inorganic molybdenum compound and the organic molybdenum compound are preferably 0.02 to 20% by mass, particularly preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, based on the molybdenum atom, in the finished lubricant composition that is semi-solid at room temperature. Blend to be included. If the blending ratio is less than 0.02% by mass, the effect of improving lubricity cannot be obtained. On the other hand, even if blended exceeding 20% by mass, the effect of improving lubricity commensurate with the blending cannot be obtained. It may be adversely affected by too much addition, such as not being stably dissolved in the base oil.
[潤滑剤組成物の調製]
本発明の常温で半固体状である潤滑剤組成物は、特に限定するものではないが、液状基油、アミド化合物、固体潤滑剤及び有機モリブデン化合物を上記の配合割合で均一に混合することによって調製することができる。例えば、液状基油、アミド化合物、固体潤滑剤及び有機モリブデン化合物をそれぞれ所定量計り取り、液状基油とアミド化合物(半固体状化化合物)を融点以上に加熱して液体状態で固体潤滑剤及び有機モリブデン化合物を加えて均一になるよう攪拌した後、冷却して半固体状にすることにより得ることができる。二硫化モリブデンは粉末固体であるから液体のオイルに均一に混合しにくく、特に二硫化モリブデンはオイルに不溶性で不活性な無機化合物であるから液体の中に均一に分散させることが難しい。そこで、液状基油や有機モリブデン化合物を融点以上に加熱したアミド化合物と均一に混合した後、冷却して得られた半固体状の組成物に二硫化モリブデンを練り込んで各成分が均一に混合された常温で半固体状である潤滑剤組成物を調製してもよい。
[Preparation of Lubricant Composition]
The lubricant composition that is semi-solid at room temperature of the present invention is not particularly limited, but by uniformly mixing the liquid base oil, amide compound, solid lubricant and organic molybdenum compound in the above blending ratio. Can be prepared. For example, liquid base oil, amide compound, solid lubricant and organomolybdenum compound are weighed in predetermined amounts, respectively, and liquid base oil and amide compound (semi-solidified compound) are heated to a melting point or higher so that the solid lubricant and It can be obtained by adding an organomolybdenum compound and stirring to be uniform and then cooling to a semi-solid state. Since molybdenum disulfide is a powdered solid, it is difficult to uniformly mix with liquid oil. In particular, molybdenum disulfide is an inorganic compound that is insoluble and inert to oil, and is difficult to disperse uniformly in the liquid. Therefore, liquid base oil or organic molybdenum compound is uniformly mixed with the amide compound heated to the melting point or higher, and then molybdenum disulfide is kneaded into the semi-solid composition obtained by cooling to mix each component uniformly. A lubricant composition that is semi-solid at room temperature may be prepared.
本発明の組成物には、さらに周知の極圧剤、腐食防止剤、摩耗防止剤、防錆剤、酸化防止剤、及び消泡剤などの添加剤を適宜配合することができる。極圧剤、摩耗防止剤としてジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛、硫黄系化合物、リン系化合物など、腐食防止剤としてのチアジアゾール誘導体、ベンゾトリアゾールおよびこの誘導体、防錆剤として脂肪酸部分エステル、金属スルフォネート、リン系化合物など、酸化防止剤としてフェノール系、アミン系化合物など、及び消泡剤としてシリコーン系化合物、PMAポリマー、流動点降下剤、粘度指数向上剤としてPMAポリマーなどが挙げられる。また、前記各種の添加剤は、数種が予め混合されたいわゆる添加剤パッケージの形で用いることもできる。 In the composition of the present invention, additives such as well-known extreme pressure agents, corrosion inhibitors, antiwear agents, rust inhibitors, antioxidants, and antifoaming agents can be appropriately blended. Extreme pressure agents, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, sulfur compounds, phosphorus compounds as antiwear agents, thiadiazole derivatives, benzotriazole and their derivatives as corrosion inhibitors, fatty acid partial esters, metal sulfonates, phosphorus compounds as rust inhibitors Examples thereof include phenolic and amine compounds as antioxidants, silicone compounds as antifoaming agents, PMA polymers, pour point depressants, and PMA polymers as viscosity index improvers. The various additives can also be used in the form of a so-called additive package in which several kinds are mixed in advance.
本発明の常温で半固体状である潤滑剤組成物は、潤滑作用を要する機械機構(摺動部)に適用すると、摺動時には摩擦熱によって液体に状態を変え摺動部に浸透して、金属や樹脂などの摺動部を構成する固体の表面に薄膜を形成して摺動部を潤滑する。摺動が停止すれば、温度が低下し、液体状態であった潤滑剤組成物は再び半固体状(ゲル状)に戻る。また、本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、特に高焼付荷重、低摩擦係数といった優れた摩擦特性を有し、さらにこの優れた摩擦特性を長期にわたって持続することから、用途としては低速、高荷重の極圧サービスに好適であり、また、潤滑剤の補給がしにくい摺動部や一旦組み立てたら開放することのない構造のデバイスの摺動部にも好適に用いることができる。さらに、本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、使用、不使用にともなう昇温、冷却ストレスを繰り返して受けてもゲル(半固体状)構造が再構築されるから、油漏れによる汚染を回避できる。 When applied to a mechanical mechanism (sliding part) that requires a lubricating action, the lubricant composition that is semi-solid at room temperature of the present invention changes its state to liquid by frictional heat during sliding and penetrates into the sliding part, A thin film is formed on the surface of the solid constituting the sliding part such as metal or resin to lubricate the sliding part. When the sliding stops, the temperature decreases, and the lubricant composition in the liquid state returns to a semi-solid state (gel state) again. In addition, the lubricant composition of the present invention has excellent friction characteristics such as a high seizure load and a low friction coefficient, and further maintains this excellent friction characteristics over a long period of time. It is suitable for extreme pressure services, and can also be suitably used for sliding parts where it is difficult to replenish lubricants or for sliding parts of devices that do not open once assembled. Furthermore, the lubricant composition of the present invention can avoid contamination due to oil leakage because the gel (semi-solid state) structure is reconstructed even when repeatedly subjected to temperature rise and cooling stress associated with use and non-use.
したがって従来のグリース代替として十分使用できることに加えて、例えば、軸受、ギヤ、運動ねじ、直動テーブル、カム、ベルト、チェーン、ワイヤーロープなどの伝動要素機構に、それも高負荷の伝動要素機構に好適に使用することができる。特に好ましい用途としては、ウォームギヤや遊星歯車などで構成される変速ギヤなどが挙げられ、各種輸送機械システム、さらには自動車のパワーステアリングなどもその用途として挙げられる。 Therefore, in addition to being able to be used satisfactorily as a substitute for conventional grease, for example, it is suitable for transmission element mechanisms such as bearings, gears, moving screws, linear motion tables, cams, belts, chains, wire ropes, etc. It can be preferably used. Particularly preferred applications include transmission gears composed of worm gears, planetary gears, and the like, and various transportation machine systems, as well as power steering of automobiles, and the like.
以下に、実施例を用いて本発明をより詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[液状基油]
実施例及び比較例用の潤滑剤組成物を調製するために次の3種類の液状基油を用いた。
基油A:市販されているポリ−α−オレフィン(PAO;Mobil社製SHF−400:粘度グレードVG400)
基油B:VG100の鉱物油(ジャパンエナジー社製500ニュートラル油)
基油C:脂肪酸エステル(ユニケマ社製Priolube 2087、コンプレックスエステル)
この3種類の液状基油の物性を表1に示す。なお、これらの液状潤滑基油には、酸化防止剤、摩耗防止剤などの添加剤があらかじめ所定量配合されており、潤滑油としての基本性能(酸化防止、摩耗防止など)を有している。
[Liquid base oil]
The following three types of liquid base oils were used to prepare lubricant compositions for Examples and Comparative Examples.
Base oil A: Commercially available poly-α-olefin (PAO; Mobil SHF-400: Viscosity grade VG400)
Base oil B: Mineral oil of VG100 (500 neutral oil manufactured by Japan Energy)
Base oil C: fatty acid ester (Priolube 2087, manufactured by Unikema)
Table 1 shows the physical properties of these three types of liquid base oils. These liquid lubricating base oils are pre-mixed with a predetermined amount of additives such as antioxidants and antiwear agents, and have basic performance (antioxidation, wear prevention, etc.) as a lubricating oil. .
[アミド化合物]
液状基油に配合し、半固体状化するために以下のアミド化合物を用いた。
アミドA:エチレンビスオレイン酸アミド(日本化成製、スリパックスO)、融点119℃
アミドB:N−ステアリルステアリン酸アミド(日本化成製、ニッカアマイドS)、融点95℃
[Amide compound]
The following amide compounds were used for blending into a liquid base oil and making it semi-solid.
Amide A: Ethylene bisoleic acid amide (Nippon Kasei, Sripacks O), melting point 119 ° C.
Amide B: N-stearyl stearamide (Nippon Kasei Nikka Amide S), melting point 95 ° C.
[固体潤滑剤]
固体潤滑剤としては次の2種類の化合物を用いた。
MoS2:二硫化モリブデン、粒子径1μm、Mo量60質量%、
PTFE:ポリテトラフルオロエチレン微粒子KD−300AS(喜多村製)、粒子径0.3μm、鉱油物希釈、PTFE濃度40%
[有機モリブデン化合物]
MoDTC:アデカサクラルーブ515(ADEKA製)、Mo量10質量%、動粘度(40℃)700mm2/s
[Solid lubricant]
The following two types of compounds were used as the solid lubricant.
MoS2: Molybdenum disulfide, particle diameter 1 μm, Mo amount 60% by mass,
PTFE: polytetrafluoroethylene fine particles KD-300AS (manufactured by Kitamura), particle diameter 0.3 μm, mineral oil dilution, PTFE concentration 40%
[Organic molybdenum compounds]
MoDTC: Adeka Sakura Lube 515 (manufactured by ADEKA), Mo amount 10% by mass, kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.) 700 mm 2 / s
[潤滑剤組成物の調製]
上記液状基油として基油A(PAO)及び基油B(鉱油)を、アミド化合物としてアミドA(エチレンビスオレイン酸アミド)及びアミドB(N−ステアリルステアリン酸アミドを、そしてモリブデン化合物としてMoS2(二硫化モリブデン)及びMoDTC(モリブデンジチオカーバメート)を用いて以下の手順で実施例1〜10及び比較例1、2の供試油(潤滑剤組成物)を調製した。
ステンレス製のビーカーに、液状基油、アミド化合物及びモリブデン化合物を表2の上部に示す仕上がり供試油に対する割合(質量%)で、それぞれ約100mlの供試油が得られるように所定量計り取り、卓上電磁ヒーターを用い、アミド化合物の融点以上(融点+20℃)に加温しながら撹拌した。均一に溶解したことを外観の観察で判断した後、均一溶解液を耐熱ガラス容器(内径60mm×高さ90mm)に約100mlを移し、放冷し、実施例1〜10及び比較例1、2の常温で半固体状の潤滑剤組成物を調製した。
[Preparation of Lubricant Composition]
Base oil A (PAO) and base oil B (mineral oil) are used as the liquid base oil, amide A (ethylenebisoleic acid amide) and amide B (N-stearyl stearic acid amide) are used as the amide compound, and MoS2 ( Test oils (lubricant compositions) of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were prepared by the following procedure using molybdenum disulfide) and MoDTC (molybdenum dithiocarbamate).
In a stainless steel beaker, weigh out a predetermined amount of liquid base oil, amide compound and molybdenum compound at a ratio (mass%) to the finished sample oil shown in the upper part of Table 2 so that about 100 ml of the sample oil is obtained. Using a desktop electromagnetic heater, the mixture was stirred while being heated above the melting point of the amide compound (melting point + 20 ° C.). After judging the uniform dissolution by observation of the appearance, about 100 ml of the uniform solution was transferred to a heat-resistant glass container (inner diameter 60 mm × height 90 mm), allowed to cool, and Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 A semi-solid lubricant composition was prepared at room temperature.
半固体状潤滑剤組成物として従来から用いられている市販のリチウム(Li)グリースを比較対象(比較例2)として評価した。このLiグリースはMo系添加剤(Moとして、7%)を含有し、グリースのちょう度分類は、ちょう度番号2号(混和ちょう度範囲265〜295)に相当する。 A commercially available lithium (Li) grease conventionally used as a semi-solid lubricant composition was evaluated as a comparative object (Comparative Example 2). This Li grease contains a Mo-based additive (7% as Mo), and the consistency classification of the grease corresponds to consistency number 2 (mixed consistency range 265 to 295).
[評価方法]
実施例及び比較例の各潤滑剤組成物及びLiグリースの評価試験(焼付荷重及び摩擦係数の測定)を以下に記した方法に従って実施した。その結果を表2の下部に示す。
(1)FALEX焼付試験
ASTM D3233に記載されているFALEX試験機を用い、ブロック/ピンの組み合わせでの焼付荷重を測定した。V字ブロックおよびピンの材質は、AISI鋼である。回転数300rpm、連続荷重、室温で測定を開始した。一般的な評価は、ブロック/ピンが全て供試油に浸せきした状態で測定されるが、本評価では、2個のV字ブロックのV字部分(三角柱)のみに供試油を塗布し、少量の供試油における焼付荷重を記録した。なお試験中の供試油の補給は実施しなかった。
[Evaluation methods]
An evaluation test (measurement of seizure load and friction coefficient) of each lubricant composition and Li grease of Examples and Comparative Examples was performed according to the method described below. The results are shown at the bottom of Table 2.
(1) FALEX seizure test Using the FALEEX tester described in ASTM D3233, the seizure load at the block / pin combination was measured. The material of the V-shaped block and the pin is AISI steel. Measurement was started at a rotational speed of 300 rpm, a continuous load, and room temperature. The general evaluation is measured with all the blocks / pins immersed in the test oil. In this evaluation, the test oil is applied only to the V-shaped part (triangular prism) of the two V-shaped blocks. The seizure load for a small amount of sample oil was recorded. The test oil was not replenished during the test.
(2)HFRR試験
JPI−5S−50−98(石油学会規格、軽油−潤滑性試験方法)に規定されているHFRR試験機(PCS Instruments社製HFRR D−826)を用いて摩擦係数を測定した。ボールは、直径4mmであり、材質はSUJ−2である。ディスクは、直径9mm、厚さ5mmであり、材質はSUJ−2である。供試油はディスク表面に塗布量として0.0003g/cm2となるように極めて薄く塗布した。試験は、荷重300gf、振幅数50Hz、振幅1.0mm、温度25℃で10分間往復摩擦を行った。
(2) HFRR test The coefficient of friction was measured using an HFRR tester (HFRR D-826, manufactured by PCS Instruments) specified in JPI-5S-50-98 (Petroleum Society Standard, Diesel Oil-Lubricity Test Method). . The ball has a diameter of 4 mm and the material is SUJ-2. The disk is 9 mm in diameter and 5 mm in thickness, and the material is SUJ-2. The test oil was applied very thinly to the disk surface so that the amount applied was 0.0003 g / cm 2. In the test, reciprocal friction was performed at a load of 300 gf, an amplitude of 50 Hz, an amplitude of 1.0 mm, and a temperature of 25 ° C. for 10 minutes.
実施例1〜10は、FALEXでの焼付荷重が、1500〜2100LBF(ポンド)あり、高い極圧性能を示している。一方、比較例1、2は焼付荷重が実施例よりは低い値であった。また、HFRR試験では、実施例1〜10の摩擦係数が0.12〜0.14と安定な値を示しているが、比較例では、摩擦時間10分を待たずに焼付が生じた。以上の結果から、実施例では、極少量の油剤であっても、高い極圧性を示し、かつ薄膜状に塗布されても強固な摩擦被膜を形成することが分かった。 In Examples 1 to 10, the seizure load in FALEX is 1500 to 2100 LBF (pounds), and shows high extreme pressure performance. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the seizure load was lower than that in the Examples. Moreover, in the HFRR test, although the friction coefficient of Examples 1-10 showed a stable value of 0.12-0.14, in the comparative example, seizure occurred without waiting for the friction time of 10 minutes. From the above results, it was found that even in the case of an extremely small amount of oil agent, the example shows a high extreme pressure property and forms a strong friction film even when applied in a thin film form.
以上から明らかなように、本発明による常温で半固体状の潤滑剤組成物は、汎用グリースに比べ、極少量の使用量で、薄膜状態を形成し、高い極圧性と安定した摩擦特性を示す。特に安定した摩擦特性(低摩擦係数)は、省エネルギーに寄与する。したがって、伝動要素機構、例えば、軸受、ギヤ、運動ねじ、カム、ベルト、チェーン、ワイヤーロープなどの機構からなる機械システムに適用し利用することにより省エネルギーが実現でき、かつ極圧性が高いことから機械システムのロングライフ化に貢献できることが期待できる。 As is apparent from the above, the semi-solid lubricant composition at room temperature according to the present invention forms a thin film state with a very small amount of use compared to general-purpose grease, and exhibits high extreme pressure properties and stable friction characteristics. . In particular, stable friction characteristics (low friction coefficient) contribute to energy saving. Therefore, energy saving can be realized by applying it to a mechanical system consisting of a transmission element mechanism such as a bearing, gear, moving screw, cam, belt, chain, wire rope, etc. It can be expected to contribute to the long life of the system.
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TWI448549B (en) | 2014-08-11 |
TW200900499A (en) | 2009-01-01 |
KR101471197B1 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
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