JP2008278590A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently utilize both magnet torque and reluctance torque. <P>SOLUTION: A rotary electric machine is provided with an armature and a field magnetic element 20 facing the armature in a direction of a rotary shaft 18a. The field magnetic element 20 is provided with a plurality of magnetic pole generating portions 26 each having a magnet 22 for field and a first magnetic body 24 provided on the magnetic pole surface, and a plurality of second magnetic bodies 28 disposed between the magnetic pole generating portions 26, and the second magnetic bodies 28 each have a width expanding portion 28a for increasing a cross sectional area. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine in which an armature and a field element face each other through a gap that extends along a plane substantially perpendicular to a rotating shaft.

  An axial gap type rotating electric machine has a configuration in which an armature and a field element are provided with a gap along a rotation axis.

  The armature includes a yoke, a tooth provided on the yoke, and a winding wound around the tooth. The field element is rotated by a rotating magnetic field generated by the armature.

  As a field element, a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged around the rotation axis, a first magnetic body is provided on the gap side of each permanent magnet, and a reluctance torque is generated between adjacent permanent magnets. Some have a second magnetic body. As a result, the q-axis inductance can be made larger than the d-axis inductance, and the field element can be rotated by effectively utilizing the reluctance torque in addition to the magnet torque by appropriately advancing the phase of the armature current. Can be done.

  Examples of prior art related to the present invention include those described in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

JP 2001-136721 A JP 2005-094955 A JP 2005-341696 A

  In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine as described above, if the magnetic pole area of the permanent magnet is to be increased in order to increase the magnet torque, the width of the second magnetic body must be reduced. If it does so, reluctance torque will become small.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to effectively utilize both magnet torque and reluctance torque.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the rotating electrical machine according to the first aspect is configured to rotate relative to the armature (30, 40) and the rotational axis (18a) with respect to the armature, and the rotational axis direction. And a field magnet (20, 620, 720, 820, 920) facing the armature, and the field magnet (22) having a magnetic pole surface on the side facing the armature. , 222) and first magnetic bodies (24, 124, 624, 724, 924) provided on the magnetic pole surface, respectively, and exhibit a plurality of magnetic poles around the rotation axis on the side facing the armature. In addition, a plurality of magnetic pole generators (26, 726, 826, 926) disposed around the rotation axis in a manner of being magnetically separated from each other having different polarities, and between the magnetic pole generators, A plurality of magnetic pole generating portions arranged magnetically separated from each other. Second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 228, 628, 728, 828), and each of the second magnetic bodies is closer to the armature than a portion located between the field magnets. The opposed portions have widened portions (28a, 128a, 228a, 928a) that increase the cross-sectional area in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis.

  As in the second embodiment, the surface of each of the first magnetic bodies (24, 124, 624, 724, 924) that faces each of the second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 228, 628, 728, 828). Are formed on concave surfaces (24p, 124p) that are recessed closer to the center of the magnetic pole than the side portions (22p, 122p, 222p) close to the second magnetic body of the field magnets (22, 222). Also good.

  Further, as in the third aspect, each of the concave surfaces (24p, 124p) may be recessed so as to keep the distance between the widened portion (28a, 128a, 228a, 928a) and the concave surface at a predetermined distance. Good.

  4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein each of the concave surfaces (122 p) is closer to the armature, and the second of the field magnets is the second electrical machine. The inclined concave surface is inclined toward the magnetic pole center side from the side portion (122p) close to the magnetic body, and each of the widened portions (128a) is an inclined surface (128p) substantially parallel to the opposing inclined concave surface. You may have.

  As in the fifth aspect, the entire surface of each of the first magnetic bodies (22) that faces the second magnetic body is adjacent to the second magnetic body of each of the field magnets. (22p) is formed on a concave surface (24p) that is recessed closer to the magnetic pole center side than each portion, and each of the widened portions (28a) is thinner than the first magnetic body (24) and corresponds to the amount of recess of the concave surface And may protrude to the concave surface side.

  Further, as in the sixth aspect, the side (222p) portion facing the base portion (228p) of the widened portion (228a) among the field magnets (222) is chamfered or rounded, and accordingly, The base portion of each widened portion may be chamfered or rounded.

  As in the seventh aspect, one armature is provided, and the rotor magnetically short-circuits the magnetic pole generators at a portion of the magnetic pole generators opposite to the armature. However, you may have the back yoke (329) which supports each said magnetic pole generating part.

  As in the eighth aspect, two armatures (30, 40) are provided on both sides of the field element in the rotation axis direction, and the field elements (20, 620, 720, 820, 920) are: Each of the two armatures may include the first magnetic bodies (24, 124, 624, 724, 924) and the widened portions (28a, 128a, 228a, 928a).

  As in the ninth aspect, the second magnetic body (28) may be divided into two in the rotation axis direction.

  As in the tenth aspect, each of the second magnetic bodies (628) may be integrated with each of the adjacent first magnetic bodies (624) by a coupling portion (629) that facilitates magnetic saturation.

  As in the eleventh aspect, the second magnetic body (828) may be formed of laminated steel plates laminated along a radial direction of a circle centered on the rotation axis.

  As in the twelfth aspect, each of the second magnetic bodies (728) is disposed on the inner periphery of each of the second magnetic bodies, and is substantially annularly separated from each of the magnetic pole generating sections. It may be held by three magnetic bodies (729).

  As in the thirteenth aspect, each of the first magnetic bodies (728) is integrated with at least one of the second magnetic bodies (728) and the third magnetic body (729) by a coupling portion that is easy to magnetically saturation. It may be made.

  As in the fourteenth aspect, each of the second magnetic body (728) and the third magnetic body (729) may be divided into two in the rotation axis direction.

  As in the fifteenth aspect, the magnetic pole generators (26, 926) and the second magnetic bodies (28, 928) are fixed to the non-magnetic holders (450, 550, 950). Good.

  As in the sixteenth aspect, the non-magnetic holder (550, 950) is a pair of non-magnetic split holders (552, 951) for fixing the magnetic pole generating portions so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the rotation axis direction. You may have.

  As in the seventeenth aspect, in the non-magnetic holder (950), a fitting hole (954) that is located between the magnetic pole generating portions and into which the second magnetic body (928) can be inserted from the outer peripheral side. ) And the respective second magnetic bodies may be inserted and held in the respective fitting holes from the outer peripheral side.

  As in the eighteenth aspect, a non-magnetic ring member (956) may be fitted on the outer peripheral side of the non-magnetic holder.

  As in the nineteenth aspect, edges (956a) extending toward the center side of the field element are formed at both ends in the rotation axis direction of the ring member, and the edge of the field element The part except for may face the teeth of the armature.

  As in the twentieth aspect, the first magnetic body (24, 124, 624, 724, 924) may be formed of a dust core.

  According to the rotating electrical machine according to the first aspect, each of the second magnetic bodies is a portion that is opposed to the armature closer to the armature than a portion that is located between the field magnets, and is substantially in the direction of the rotating shaft. Since the widened portion that increases the cross-sectional area in the orthogonal direction is provided, even if the magnetic pole area of the magnetic pole generating portion is increased, the opposing area of the second magnetic body with respect to the armature can be increased. Thereby, q-axis inductance can be enlarged and a reluctance torque can be increased, and both a magnet torque and a reluctance torque can be utilized effectively.

  According to the second aspect, since the side portions close to the second magnetic bodies of the field magnets are not covered with the first magnetic body, the magnetic flux from the end portions of the field magnets is reduced. Leakage can be prevented and the magnetic flux can be concentrated near the center of the magnetic pole.

  According to the third aspect, magnetic flux leakage can be effectively prevented between the magnetic pole generator and the second magnetic body. Thereby, it is possible to achieve both an increase in reluctance torque due to an increase in q-axis inductance and a reduction in magnetic flux leakage from the field magnet.

  According to the fourth aspect, the magnetic flux is generated between the magnetic pole generator and the second magnetic body by maintaining a predetermined distance between the inclined concave surface of the first magnetic body and the inclined surface of the widened portion of the second magnetic body. Leakage can be effectively prevented. Thereby, it is possible to achieve both an increase in reluctance torque due to an increase in q-axis inductance and a reduction in magnetic flux leakage from the field magnet. Moreover, since the said wide part is a shape which has an inclined surface substantially parallel with the said inclined concave surface which opposes, while being excellent in intensity | strength, it can prevent a rapid bending | flexion of magnetic flux and can reduce an iron loss.

  According to the fifth aspect, a certain distance can be ensured between the concave surface and the widened portion, and magnetic flux leakage can be effectively prevented between the magnetic pole generating portion and the second magnetic body. Thereby, it is possible to achieve both an increase in reluctance torque due to an increase in q-axis inductance and a reduction in magnetic flux leakage from the field magnet.

  According to the sixth aspect, the strength of the field magnet and the widened portion can be improved, and the flow of magnetic flux can be made smooth.

  According to the 7th aspect, each magnetic pole generation | occurrence | production part can be fixedly supported by a back yoke, exhibiting a magnetic pole in the one surface side of a rotor.

  According to the 8th aspect, it can be rotated by two armatures.

  According to the ninth aspect, it is possible to easily incorporate the second magnetic body while avoiding interference between the widened portion and the field magnet.

  According to the tenth aspect, the positioning accuracy between the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body can be improved, and the flatness of the surface of the field element facing the armature is increased, thereby improving the air gap accuracy. Can be made.

  According to the eleventh aspect, a magnetic path having a low magnetic resistance and a high magnetic permeability can be formed.

  According to the twelfth aspect, each of the second magnetic bodies can be held at a predetermined position, and a magnetic path from the second magnetic body to the three magnetic bodies is formed. Reduce the magnetic resistance.

  According to the 13th aspect, each 1st magnetic body can be hold | maintained easily.

  According to the fourteenth aspect, the field element can be easily assembled while preventing the interference between the widened portion of the second magnetic body and the field magnet.

  According to the fifteenth aspect, the magnetic pole generators and the second magnetic bodies can be fixed with the nonmagnetic holder.

  According to the sixteenth aspect, the magnetic pole generators can be easily held.

  According to the seventeenth aspect, each part of the field element can be easily held by inserting each second magnetic body into each fitting hole from its outer peripheral side.

  According to the eighteenth aspect, the second magnetic body can be prevented from falling off by the non-magnetic ring member.

  According to the nineteenth aspect, the gap can be made as small as possible so that the edge of the ring member does not exist between the field element and the armature teeth.

  According to the twentieth aspect, it is easy to process into a predetermined shape, and a magnetic flux having a circumferential component and a radial component can be passed with a low magnetic resistance.

{First embodiment}
Hereinafter, the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a field element of the rotating electrical machine, and FIG. 3 is a view of the field element of the rotating electrical machine. It is a figure which shows notionally the cross section in the circumferential direction.

  The axial gap type rotating electric machine 10 includes one field element 20 and two armatures 30 and 40. The field element 20 is formed in a substantially disk shape, and the two armatures 30 and 40 are also formed in a substantially disk shape. The two armatures 30 and 40 are arranged on both sides of the field element 20 and generate a magnetic field to rotate the field element 20.

  Each part will be described in more detail.

  The armatures 30 and 40 are disposed on both sides of the field element 20 in the direction of the rotation axis 18a so as to face the field element 20 with a gap (here, a slight gap) therebetween. . These armatures 30 and 40 are fixed to a casing (not shown) or the like, and function as a stator in the rotary electric machine 10.

  The armature 30 includes a back yoke core 32, a plurality of (here, nine) teeth 34, and a winding 36 wound around each tooth 34.

  The back yoke core 32 has a substantially disk shape and is fixed to a casing or the like (not shown). The plurality of teeth 34 are disposed on the surface of the back yoke core 32 on the field element 20 side with a substantially annular space around the rotation shaft 18a. In addition, one winding 36 is attached to each of the teeth 34. That is, the armature 30 is provided with the winding 36 in a so-called concentrated winding form. Also, here, three sets of three-phase windings 36 of U phase, V phase, and W phase are provided around the rotation axis 18 a in that order, and the rotating magnetic field is applied to the six-pole field element 20. Is supposed to occur.

  The armature 40 has the same configuration as the armature 30 and includes a back yoke core 42, a plurality of teeth 44, and a winding 46 wound around each tooth 44.

  In addition, the structure of the said armatures 30 and 40 is an example, and is not limited above. For example, the windings 36 and 46 may be distributed winding or wave winding.

  The field element 20 is rotatably disposed around a predetermined rotation shaft 18a via a shaft (both not shown) that is rotatably supported by bearings, and both armatures 30 in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. It faces 40 with a gap. That is, the field element 20 functions as a rotor in the rotary electric machine 10.

  The field element 20 includes a plurality of magnetic pole generators 26 each having a field magnet (permanent magnet) 22 and a first magnetic body 24, and a plurality of second magnetic bodies 28 provided between the magnetic pole generators 26. And have.

  Each field magnet 22 is disposed around the rotation shaft 18a with a space therebetween. More specifically, each of the field magnets 22 is formed in an arc-like and strip-like plate shape extending along the circumferential direction of a circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a, and the rotation shafts are spaced apart from each other. It is arranged in an annular shape centering on 18a. Each field magnet 22 is magnetized in the direction along the rotation axis 18a, that is, in the thickness direction of the field magnet 22, and exhibits N-pole or S-pole on both surfaces. These field magnets 22 are arranged so as to exhibit annular and alternating magnetic poles around the rotating shaft 18a. That is, the main field element 20 exhibits a magnetic pole surface having alternating magnetic poles in the circumferential direction for each of the armatures 30 and 40. Here, the number of field magnets 22 is six, and the field element 20 has six magnetic poles.

  Moreover, the 1st magnetic body 24 is each provided in the magnetic pole surface (namely, both surfaces in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a) which opposes each armature 30 and 40 among each field magnet 22. FIG. Each first magnetic body 24 is made of a soft magnetic material. The first magnetic body 24 alleviates the influence of the demagnetizing field acting on each field magnet 22 when the demagnetizing field acts on the field magnet 22 by the external magnetic field of the excited armatures 30 and 40, Accordingly, each field magnet 22 is prevented from being demagnetized. The first magnetic body 24 also has a function of reducing eddy current due to the harmonic magnetic flux inside the field magnet 22. Each first magnetic body 24 is formed as a plate-like member having an arcuate and belt-like planar view shape, and is substantially the same as the field magnet 22 in the radial direction in a circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a. The length is shorter than the field magnet 22 in the circumferential direction of the circle. The surface 24p of the first magnetic body 24 that faces the second magnetic body 28 becomes a concave surface 24p that is recessed closer to the magnetic pole center side than the side 22p of the field magnet 22 that faces the second magnetic body 28. (See FIG. 3). Due to the concave surface 24p, it is possible to obtain a sufficient space for magnetic separation between the widened portion 28a and the magnetic pole generating portion 26 at a portion where the widened portion 28a described later is formed. Further, by preventing the side 22p of the field magnet 22 facing the second magnetic body 28 from being covered by the first magnetic body 24, the first magnets on both sides between both ends of the field magnet 22 are covered. Leakage of magnetic flux through the body 24 can be reduced.

  One magnetic field magnet 22 described above and the first magnetic body 24 provided on both surfaces thereof constitute a magnetic pole generator 26. A plurality of magnetic pole generators 26 configured in this manner are magnetically connected to each other. While being separated from each other, the rotary shaft 18a is disposed at intervals.

  Each second magnetic body 28 is made of a soft magnetic material, and is disposed between each of the plurality of magnetic pole generators 26 in a manner magnetically separated from each of the magnetic pole generators 26. .

  The thickness dimension of the second magnetic body 28 in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a is substantially the same as the thickness dimension of the magnetic pole generating section 26, and each first magnetic body 24 of the magnetic pole generating section 26 is close to each armature 30 and 40. To the same extent, the second magnetic body 28 is close to the armatures 30 and 40. However, the gap length between the second magnetic body 28 and the armatures 30 and 40 may be the same as or slightly different from the gap length between the first magnetic body 24 and the armatures 30 and 40. Good.

  The second magnetic body 28 basically exhibits reverse saliency by making the q-axis inductance Lq indicating the gap larger than the d-axis inductance Ld indicating the center of the field magnet 22. Further, a so-called reluctance torque is further applied to rotate the field element 20.

  Each of the second magnetic bodies 28 is a portion that faces the armatures 30 and 40 closer to each other than a portion located between the field magnets 22 and is in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. A widened portion 28a having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the main body portion 28b is provided. More specifically, a portion of each second magnetic body 28 that faces and is closer to the armatures 30 and 40 than a portion positioned between the field magnets 22 extends outward along the circumferential direction. By making it come out, the widened portion 28a is formed. The widened portion 28a can increase the area where the second magnetic body 28 faces the armatures 30 and 40, and increases the amount of magnetic flux flowing from the armatures 30 and 40 to the second magnetic body 28, thereby increasing the q-axis inductance. Can be increased. In other words, the reluctance torque can be stably generated by increasing the chance of the magnetic flux passing from the armatures 30 and 40 to the second magnetic body 28.

  Here, the second magnetic body 28 is divided into two in the direction of the rotation axis 18a. That is, when the widened portion 28 a is provided as described above, the circumferential width dimension of the second magnetic body 28 can be larger than the interval dimension between the magnetic pole generating portions 26. Therefore, by dividing the second magnetic body 28 into two in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a, the interference between the widened portion 28a and the field magnet 22 can be avoided and between the magnetic pole generating portions 26 from both sides in the rotating shaft 18a direction. Since the second magnetic body 28 divided into two parts can be incorporated, it is possible to obtain a configuration with excellent assemblability.

  In this axial gap type rotating electrical machine 10, when a three-phase alternating current is passed through the windings 36 and 46, the teeth 34 and 44 around which the windings 36 and 46 are wound correspond to the current flowing through the windings 36 and 46. A rotating magnetic field is generated, and the field element 20 can be rotated by the rotating magnetic field generated by these two armatures 30 and 40.

  At this time, since the second magnetic body 28 has the widened portion 28a that increases the cross-sectional area, the magnetic pole area of the magnetic pole generating portion 26 can be increased, and the area facing the armatures 30 and 40 can be increased. . As a result, the q-axis inductance can be increased to increase the reluctance torque, and both the magnet torque and the reluctance torque can be used effectively.

  Based on the said embodiment, a more preferable specific structure and modification are demonstrated. In the following description, components similar to those already described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  First, the concave surface 24p is preferably formed in a concave shape so as to keep the distance between the concave surface 24p and the widened portion 28a at a predetermined distance. This is to increase the reluctance torque by increasing the q-axis inductance by effectively increasing the size of the widened portion 28a while effectively preventing magnetic flux leakage between each magnetic pole generating portion 26 and the second magnetic body 28. It is.

  As a specific configuration for that purpose, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the entire side surface of each first magnetic body 24 that faces the widened portion 28 a is the side 22 p portion of the field magnet 22 that is close to the second magnetic body 28. It is formed on the concave surface 24p that is recessed more toward the magnetic pole center side. Each widened portion 28a is thinner than the first magnetic body 24, and protrudes toward the concave surface 24p by an amount corresponding to the amount of the concave surface 24p. More specifically, the distance between the main body portion 28b of the second magnetic body 28 and the field magnet 22 is set to a dimension Wb that can effectively prevent magnetic flux leakage between them. Further, the thickness dimension Wd of the widened portion 28 a is smaller than the thickness dimension of the first magnetic body 24 by the interval dimension Wb, and the interval dimension between the inward surface of the widened portion 28 a and the outward surface of the field magnet 22 is set. The dimension Wc is set to be substantially the same as the dimension Wb. Further, the projecting dimension of the widened part 28a with respect to the magnetic pole generating part 26 is substantially the same as the recess amount of the concave surface 24p, and the distance dimension between the widened part 28a and the first magnetic body 24 is substantially the same as the distance dimension Wb. A certain dimension Wa is set. As a result, a minimum gap that can prevent leakage of magnetic flux between the magnetic pole generator 26 and the second magnetic body 28 can be secured, an increase in reluctance torque due to an increase in q-axis inductance, and a reduction from the field magnet 22. It is possible to achieve both reduction of magnetic flux leakage. Since Wb and Wc need to be larger than the magnetic resistance of the armature core and the magnetic path passing through the air gap twice, it is desirable that the dimensions be as large as twice the air gap length as much as possible.

  4 includes a first magnetic body 124 and a second magnetic body 128 corresponding to the first magnetic body 24 and the second magnetic body 28, respectively. The concave surface 124p of the first magnetic body 124 that faces the second magnetic body 128 is closer to the magnetic pole center side than the side 122p portion of the field magnet 22 that is close to the widened portion 128a as it approaches the armatures 30 and 40. It is formed in the inclined concave surface 124p which inclines toward. The widened portion 128a of the second magnetic body 128 is formed in a shape having an inclined surface 128p substantially parallel to the opposing inclined concave surface 124p. The distance dimension Wd between the first magnetic body 124 and the second magnetic body 128 and the distance dimension We between the field magnet 22 and the second magnetic body 28 are set to substantially the same dimension.

  According to this modification, the same effect as the example shown in FIG. 3 can be obtained. In addition, the widened portion 128a is thick at the base end side and gradually thins toward the distal end side, so that the strength is excellent, and magnetic flux is generated at the portion of the second magnetic body 128 that travels from the main body portion 128b to the widened portion 128a. The iron loss can be reduced by preventing rapid bending of the steel sheet.

  5 and 6 are diagrams showing modifications of the example shown in FIG. In this modified example, a field magnet 222 and a second magnetic body 228 corresponding to the field magnet 22 and the second magnetic body 28 are provided. The side 222p portion of the field magnet 222 that faces the root of the widened portion 228a of the second magnetic body 228 is chamfered or rounded. The base portion 228p of the widened portion 228a is chamfered or rounded in a shape corresponding to the processing shape of the side 222p portion of the field magnet 222.

  Thereby, the strength of the field magnet 222 and the second magnetic body 228 can be improved. In addition, by smoothing the path from the main body portion 228b of the second magnetic body 228 to the widened portion 228a, it is possible to prevent sudden bending of the magnetic flux and reduce iron loss.

  In the present embodiment, the case where there are basically two armatures 30 and 40 will be mainly described. However, this is not always necessary, and only one armature 30 and 40 may be provided.

  An example of the field element 20 in this case is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams conceptually showing the field element in the cross section similar to FIG.

  In the example shown in FIG. 7, while the widened portion 28a and the first magnetic body 24 on one side in FIG. 3 are left, the widened portion 28a and the first magnetic body 24 on the other side are omitted, and instead the back yoke magnetic body 329 is provided. Is an example. In other words, the widened portion 28a of the first magnetic body 24 and the second magnetic body 28 is provided on the side facing one armature, and all the field magnets 22 and the second magnetic bodies 28 are provided on the opposite side. A substantially disk-shaped back yoke magnetic body 329 that is magnetically short-circuited is provided. At this time, the back yoke magnetic body 329 can fix and hold each field magnet 22 (magnetic pole generating portion) and the second magnetic body 28. Further, the rotation shaft may be inserted and held in the center portion of the back yoke magnetic body 329.

  In the example shown in FIG. 8, the widened portion 128a and the first magnetic body 124 on one side (armature side) in FIG. 4 are left, and the widened portion 128a and the first magnetic body 124 on the other side (opposite side of the armature) are left. In this example, a back yoke magnetic body 329 is provided instead. Other configurations are the same as those described with reference to FIG.

  As in these examples, the present embodiment can be applied not only to a configuration in which armatures are provided on both sides of the field element, but also to a configuration in which one armature is provided only on one side of the field element.

  9 and 10 show an example in which the magnetic pole generating portion and the second magnetic body are fixed and held by a nonmagnetic holder, and FIG. 9 shows a state in which the ring member on the outer peripheral side is partially cut away.

  That is, when the armatures 30 and 40 are provided on both sides of the field element 20, the magnetic pole generators 26 and the second magnetic bodies 28 need to be provided in a magnetically independent state. Therefore, here, each magnetic pole generator 26 and each second magnetic body 28 are composed of the nonmagnetic holder 50 having the inner peripheral nonmagnetic boss 52 (see FIG. 10) and the outer peripheral nonmagnetic ring member 54. And hold it fixed.

  The inner peripheral side non-magnetic boss portion 52 is formed as an annular non-magnetic member fixed to the outer periphery of the shaft in a non-rotating state, and the magnetic pole generating portions 26, the second magnetic bodies 28, Are arranged in the above-described manner. The outer peripheral nonmagnetic ring member 54 is a ring-shaped member that can be fitted to the outer periphery of each magnetic pole generator 26 and each second magnetic body 28 arranged in a substantially annular shape as described above. Is formed. Then, in a state where the magnetic pole generators 26 and the second magnetic bodies 28 are arranged in the above-described manner around the inner peripheral nonmagnetic boss 52, the outer peripheral nonmagnetic ring member 54 is disposed around the outer periphery. By externally fitting, each magnetic pole generator 26 and each second magnetic body 28 are fixed to the shaft in a predetermined arrangement form in a drop-off prevention state.

  The non-magnetic ring member 54 is fitted on the outer periphery of each magnetic pole generator 26 and each second magnetic body 28 in a state where the diameter is increased by heating or the diameter is expanded by elastic deformation, for example. And fix it.

  Moreover, as the outer peripheral side non-magnetic ring member 54, for example, a ring made of SUS is used, and it is rounded or bent so as to extend to the center side of the field element 20 at both end edges in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a. The edge 54a is formed, and the magnetic pole generators 26 and the second magnetic bodies 28 are preferably positioned in the direction of the rotary shaft 18a. At this time, the edge 54 a that is rounded or bent toward the inner periphery of the outer non-magnetic ring member 54 does not face the teeth 34, 44, so that the edge 54 a of the field element 20 is It is preferable that the removed portion be opposed to the teeth 34 and 44 of the armatures 30 and 40. Thus, the gap between the field element 20 and the armatures 30 and 40 can be made as small as possible so that the edge 54a does not exist between the teeth 34 and 44 of the field element 20 and the armatures 30 and 40. it can.

  FIG. 11 shows an example in which the magnetic pole generator and the second magnetic body are fixed and held by a molded non-magnetic resin holder. FIG. 11 conceptually shows a field element in a cross section similar to FIG.

  That is, the non-magnetic holder 450 is formed by molding the resin with the magnetic pole generators 26 and the second magnetic bodies 28 fixed in the mold. The non-magnetic holder 450 holds the magnetic pole generators 26 and the second magnetic bodies 28 in a predetermined arrangement form. The nonmagnetic holder 450 may be fixedly held on the shaft.

  FIG. 12 shows an example in which the second magnetic body is fixed so as to be sandwiched between two non-magnetic holders. FIG. 12 conceptually shows the field element in a cross section similar to FIG.

  That is, the split holder 552 is formed in such a shape that the nonmagnetic holder 450 is split into two in the direction of the rotation axis 18a. The divided holders 552 are overlapped to form a non-magnetic holder 550 that holds the magnetic pole generators 26 in a sandwiched manner and holds the second magnetic bodies 28 at fixed positions. This non-magnetic material holder 550 may be fixedly held on the shaft.

  As a configuration for holding the split holder 552 in an overlapped state, for example, a configuration in which both the split holders 552 themselves are fixed in an overlapped state by a fastening member such as a bolt may be adopted. In addition, in a state where the two divided holders 552 are overlapped, the divided body of the second magnetic body 28 may be fitted from both sides thereof, and the divided body may be held in a combined state by a fastener 554 such as a bolt. . Since both end portions of the second magnetic body 28 are formed with the widened portions 28a, if the divided body of the second magnetic body 28 is held in the combined state, both the divided holders 552 can be held in an overlapped state.

  FIG. 13 is a view showing a field element according to an example in which the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body are integrated, and FIG. 14 is a view conceptually showing a cross section taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG.

  That is, in this field element 620, each second magnetic body 628 (corresponding to the second magnetic body 28) facing one armature 30 is adjacent to each first magnetic body 624 (first magnetic body 24). Are connected via a connecting portion 629 and integrated. That is, the second magnetic bodies 628 and the first magnetic bodies 624 facing the one armature 30 are connected and integrated via the connecting portion 629 to form a substantially disc-shaped integrated member. In addition, when integrally forming in this way, the opposing surfaces of the first magnetic body 624 and the second magnetic body 628 are formed on the same surface with respect to the surface facing the armature 30, The inward portion of the two magnetic body 28 is formed so as to protrude from the inner surface of the first magnetic body 24. Each of the second magnetic bodies 628 and each of the first magnetic bodies 624 facing the other armature 40 is also connected and integrated via a connecting portion 629 to form a substantially disc-shaped integrated member. The connecting portion 629 connects the second magnetic body 628 and the first magnetic body 624 at the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion, and is formed to have a cross-sectional area that is small enough to be easily magnetically saturated. Has been. Such an integrated body of each second magnetic body 628 and each first magnetic body 624 can be formed of, for example, a dust core, particularly a dust core. When the integrated body of the first magnetic body 624 and the second magnetic body 628 is overlapped with the field magnet 22 sandwiched between the first magnetic bodies 624, a field element 620 can be obtained. .

  Thereby, the positioning accuracy of the 1st magnetic body 624 and the 2nd magnetic body 628 can be improved. In particular, the field element 620 and the armature are formed by forming the first magnetic body 624 and the second magnetic body 628 so that they are positioned on the same plane with respect to the opposing surfaces of the first magnetic body 624 and the second magnetic body 628 as the reference. The accuracy of the gap length between 30 and 40 can be improved.

  When the field element 620 is fixed to the shaft, if the shaft is a nonmagnetic material, the shaft is inserted and fixed inside the integrated first magnetic body 624 and second magnetic body 628. Can do. If the shaft is a magnetic body, the shaft S is magnetically separated, and therefore, it may be fixed via a non-magnetic boss or the like. At this time, the boss portion 650 is divided into two boss divided bodies 651 and 651 in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a, and the outer diameter of the outer end portion of the boss divided body 651 in the rotating shaft 18a direction is made larger than the inner diameter of the integrated product. Make it bigger. Then, in a state where the integrated body of the first magnetic body 624 and the second magnetic body 628 is overlapped, both the boss divided bodies 651 are inserted from both sides in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a to fix the both boss divided bodies 651 to the shaft S. Thus, the integrated object can be held in a superposed state (see FIG. 14).

  FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a field element according to an example in which the second magnetic body is integrated with the third magnetic body.

  That is, in this field element 720, the second magnetic body 728 corresponding to the second magnetic body 28 in the field element 20 is substantially equal in width along the substantially radial direction of the field element 720, that is, the rotating shaft 18a. And having a substantially rectangular shape that is long in the radial direction on a plane substantially perpendicular to the surface. Further, the magnetic pole generator 726 corresponding to the magnetic pole generator 26 has an equal width along the substantially radial direction of the field element 720 on the plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Thus, it is formed in a substantially fan shape. Further, a substantially annular third magnetic body 729 that is magnetically separated from each magnetic pole generating section 726 is disposed on the inner peripheral portion of each second magnetic body 728. The inner peripheral portion of each second magnetic body 728 is connected and held by the third magnetic body 729 and held at a predetermined position between the magnetic pole generating portions 726. Such an integrated body of the second magnetic body 728 and the third magnetic body 729 can also be formed of, for example, a dust core. In the present embodiment, the integrated body of the second magnetic body 728 and the third magnetic body 729 is divided into two in the direction of the rotation axis 18a, and these are magnetic pole generators 726 between the second magnetic bodies 728. In a state of being disposed, it is assembled in a superposed manner. Of course, the integrated body of the second magnetic body 728 and the third magnetic body 729 is not necessarily divided into two in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a.

  With this configuration, each second magnetic body 728 can be held at a fixed position. Of course, the second magnetic body 728 may have the same shape as the second magnetic body 28.

  Note that the second magnetic body 728 is a core that generates reluctance torque, that is, a core that short-circuits the so-called q-axis, and does not pass the magnetic flux from the field magnet 22. There is no problem even if the magnetic body 728 is magnetically short-circuited via the third magnetic body 729.

  In addition, the integrated body of the second magnetic body 728 and the third magnetic body 729 is divided into two parts in the direction of the rotation axis 18a, so that the interference between the second magnetic body 28 and the field element 720 is prevented. The magnetic element 720 can be easily assembled.

  In the above configuration, the third magnetic body 729 may be directly fixed to the shaft regardless of whether the shaft is formed of a magnetic body or a non-magnetic body. In this case, the magnetic pole generator 726 may employ any of the holding configurations described above. For example, the magnetic pole generator 726 may be held by a separately prepared holder, or the configuration shown in FIG. 15 is applied, and the first magnetic body 724 is replaced with at least one of the second magnetic body 728 and the third magnetic body. On the other hand, they may be integrated by connecting with a connecting part that is easily magnetically saturated. In the latter case, the first magnetic body 724 can be easily held without using another holding member.

  FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a field element according to an example in which the second magnetic body is formed of laminated steel plates.

  In this field element 820, the second magnetic body 828 corresponding to the second magnetic body 28 in the field element 20 is substantially equal in width along the substantially radial direction of the field element 720, that is, substantially on the rotating shaft 18 a. It has what has a substantially rectangular shape long in radial direction in the orthogonal plane. The second magnetic body 828 is formed of a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are laminated along the radial direction of a circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a. The second magnetic body 828 may be divided in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a or may be integrated. The magnetic pole generator 826 is the same as the magnetic pole generator 726.

  In the type in which the armatures 30 and 40 are disposed on both sides of the field element 820, the magnetic flux passing through the second magnetic body 828 flows mainly in the axial direction and flows in the stacking direction except that it flows in the circumferential direction near the gap. There is almost no magnetic flux. For this reason, a magnetic path with low magnetic resistance can be formed.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a field element using a pair of split holders, and FIGS. 18 to 21 are explanatory views showing a manufacturing process of the field element.

  This field element 920 has a non-magnetic holder 950 including a pair of non-magnetic divided holders 951 that fix the magnetic pole generator 926 corresponding to the magnetic pole generator 26 from both sides in the direction of the rotation axis 18a. ing. Each non-magnetic material split holder 951 has a plurality of fixed frame portions 952 surrounding the magnetic pole generating portion 926 on a surface substantially orthogonal to the rotating shaft 18a. Each fixed frame portion 952 is connected and fixed via an annular portion 953 provided inside thereof. An inclined surface 952a that is inclined inward toward the armatures 30 and 40 is formed on the inner surfaces of both end portions in the circumferential direction of each fixed frame portion 952. Further, the magnetic pole generator 926 has a first magnetic body 924 corresponding to the first magnetic body 24, and both ends in the circumferential direction of the first magnetic body 924 are on the armature 30, 40 side. It has the inclined surface 924a inclined inward. Then, when the magnetic pole generating portions 26 are disposed between the fixed frame portions 952 so that the pair of nonmagnetic divided holders 951 are superposed, the both inclined surfaces 924a of the first magnetic body 924 are connected to the fixed frame portions. Each of the first magnetic bodies 924 is held at a predetermined position between the two fixed frame portions 952 so as to contact the inclined surface 952a of 952 (see FIGS. 18 to 20).

  Further, groove portions 952b into which the widened portion 928a of the second magnetic body 928 corresponding to the second magnetic body 28 can be inserted along the radial direction are formed on the outer surfaces of both end portions in the circumferential direction of each fixed frame portion 952. Thus, a fitting hole 954 is formed between each fixed frame portion 952, that is, between each magnetic pole generating portion 926, into which the second magnetic body 928 can be inserted from the outer peripheral side. The second magnetic body 928 has substantially the same cross-sectional shape along the substantially radial direction of the field element 920, and the widened portion 928a is gradually thinned toward the tip side. Then, when the second magnetic body 928 is inserted into each fitting hole 954 from the outer peripheral side, each widened portion 928a on the both armatures 30 and 40 side of the second magnetic body 928 has a pair of non-magnetic body split holders 951. It fits in each groove part 952b, and a pair of nonmagnetic body division | segmentation holder 951 is hold | maintained in the overlapping state (refer FIG.20 and FIG.21).

  Further, in the state where the second magnetic body 928 is inserted as described above, the ring member 956 formed of a non-magnetic body is fitted on the outer periphery of the pair of non-magnetic body split holders 951. By this ring member 956, the second magnetic body 928 is fixedly held in the inserted state.

  Thereby, each magnetic pole generating part 926 and each 2nd magnetic body 928 can be easily hold | maintained, without using an adhesion | attachment, a volt | bolt, etc., and the field element 920 can be manufactured easily.

  Similarly to the outer peripheral nonmagnetic ring member 54, the ring member 956 is rounded or bent so as to extend toward the center at both end edges in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a, thereby forming the edge 56a. The edge portion 56a may be engaged with the edge portions of the pair of non-magnetic material split holders 951 so as to be positioned in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. At this time, the edge portion 56a is not opposed to the teeth 34 and 44, and the portion of the field element 920 excluding the edge portion 56a is opposed to the teeth 34 and 44 of the armatures 30 and 40. Good. Thereby, the gap between the field element 920 and the armatures 30 and 40 can be made as small as possible.

{Modifications}
Note that any of the above-described configurations can be appropriately combined as long as they do not conflict with each other.

  In any of the above-described configurations, the first magnetic body is preferably formed of a dust core, particularly a dust core. This is because the flow of magnetic flux in the first magnetic body also has a circumferential component in addition to the direction of the rotating shaft 18a, so that a magnetic flux having a circumferential component and a radial component can be passed with a low magnetic resistance. On the other hand, if steel plates laminated in the axial direction are used, the magnetic resistance increases, and the length in the rotational axis direction is relatively short. Become.

  In the above description, the field element is a rotor and the armature is a stator. However, the field element may be a stator and the armature may be a stator. That is, the field element may be rotated relative to the armature.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the axial gap type rotary electric machine which concerns on embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the field element of a rotary electric machine same as the above. It is a figure which shows notionally the cross section in the circumferential direction of the field element of the same Ueno rotary electric machine. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification of a wide part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other modification of a wide part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other modification of a wide part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the modification at the time of using one armature. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other modified example at the time of using one armature. It is a figure which shows the example which fixedly held the magnetic pole generating part and the 2nd magnetic body with the nonmagnetic material holder. It is a figure which shows the example which fixedly held the magnetic pole generating part and the 2nd magnetic body with the nonmagnetic material holder. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which fixedly hold | maintained the magnetic pole generation | occurrence | production part and the 2nd magnetic body with the resin-made nonmagnetic body holders molded. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which hold | maintains a magnetic pole generating part with the non-magnetic material holder divided into two. It is a figure which shows the modification which integrated the 1st magnetic body and the 2nd magnetic body. It is a figure which shows notionally the cross section in the XIII-XIII line | wire in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the field element which integrated the 2nd magnetic body with the 3rd magnetic body. It is a perspective view which shows the field element which formed the 2nd magnetic body with the laminated steel plate. It is a perspective view which shows the field element using a pair of division | segmentation holder. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the same-field magneton same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the same-field magneton same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the same-field magneton same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the same-field magneton same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Axial-gap-type rotary electric machine 18a Rotating shaft 20,620,720,820,920 Field element 22,222 Field magnet 22p, 122p, 222p Side 24,124,624,724,924 First magnetic body 24p Concave surface 26 , 726, 826, 926 Magnetic pole generator 28, 128, 228, 628, 728, 828 Second magnetic body 28a, 128a, 228a, 928a Widened portion 30, 40 Armature 34, 44 Teeth 50 Non-magnetic material holder 54a Edge 124p inclined concave surface 128p inclined surface 228p root portion 329 back yoke magnetic body 450, 550 nonmagnetic holder 552 divided holder 629 connecting portion 729 third magnetic body 924a inclined surface 950 nonmagnetic holder 951 nonmagnetic divided holder 954 fitting hole

Claims (20)

Armature (30, 40),
A field element (20, 620, 720, 820, 920) that is rotatable relative to the armature around a rotation axis (18a) and faces the armature in the direction of the rotation axis;
With
The field element is
Field magnets (22, 222) exhibiting magnetic pole faces on the side facing the armature and first magnetic bodies (24, 124, 624, 724, 924) provided on the magnetic pole faces, A plurality of magnetic pole generating portions (around the rotation axis) are provided in a mode in which a plurality of magnetic poles are provided around the rotation axis on the side facing the armature and magnetically separated from each other with different polarities. 26, 726, 826, 926),
A plurality of second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 228, 628, 728, 828) disposed between the magnetic pole generators while magnetically separating the magnetic pole generators from each other;
With
Each of the second magnetic bodies is a portion that is closer to and facing the armature than a portion located between the field magnets, and widens to increase a cross-sectional area in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. A rotating electrical machine having a portion (28a, 128a, 228a, 928a). The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
Of each of the first magnetic bodies (24, 124, 624, 724, 924), the surface facing the second magnetic body (28, 128, 228, 628, 728, 828) is the field magnet ( 22, 222), which is formed on a concave surface (24 p, 124 p) that is recessed closer to the magnetic pole center than the side portions (22 p, 122 p, 222 p) that are close to the respective second magnetic bodies. A rotating electric machine according to claim 2,
Each of the concave surfaces (24p, 124p) is a rotary electric machine that is recessed so as to keep a distance between the widened portion (28a, 128a, 228a, 928a) and the concave surface at a predetermined distance. A rotating electric machine according to claim 2 or claim 3,
Each concave surface (122p) is an inclined concave surface that inclines toward the magnetic pole center side from the side portion (122p) close to each second magnetic body of each field magnet as it approaches the armature. Yes,
Each said widening part (128a) is a rotary electric machine which has an inclined surface (128p) substantially parallel to the said inclined concave surface which opposes. A rotating electric machine according to claim 2 or claim 3,
The entire surface of each first magnetic body (22) that faces each second magnetic body is a magnetic pole center rather than the side (22p) portion of each field magnet that is close to each second magnetic body. It is formed on a concave surface (24p) that is recessed to the side,
Each of the widened portions (28a) is thinner than the first magnetic body (24) and protrudes toward the concave surface by an amount corresponding to the concave amount of the concave surface. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
Of the field magnets (222), the side (222p) portion facing the root portion (228p) of the widened portion (228a) is chamfered or rounded, and the shape corresponding to this is the root of each widened portion. A rotating electrical machine in which parts are chamfered or rounded. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
One armature,
The rotor includes a back yoke (329) that supports the magnetic pole generating portions while magnetically short-circuiting the magnetic pole generating portions at a portion of the magnetic pole generating portions opposite to the armature. A rotating electrical machine. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Two armatures (30, 40) are provided on both sides of the field element in the rotation axis direction,
The field elements (20, 620, 720, 820, 920) include the first magnetic bodies (24, 124, 624, 724, 924) and the widened portions (28a, 28a, 28) for the two armatures, respectively. 128a, 228a, 928a). The rotating electrical machine according to claim 8, wherein
The second magnetic body (28) is a rotating electrical machine that is divided into two in the rotation axis direction. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Each said 2nd magnetic body (628) is a rotary electric machine integrated with each said 1st magnetic body (624) adjacently provided by the connection part (629) with easy magnetic saturation. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The second magnetic body (828) is a rotating electrical machine formed by a laminated steel plate laminated along a radial direction of a circle centered on the rotation axis. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 8, wherein
Each of the second magnetic bodies (728) is disposed on an inner peripheral portion of each of the second magnetic bodies and is held by a substantially annular third magnetic body (729) that is magnetically separated from each of the magnetic pole generating portions. Rotating electric machine. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 12,
Each of the first magnetic bodies (728) is integrated with at least one of each of the second magnetic bodies (728) and the third magnetic body (729) through a connecting portion that is easy to be magnetically saturated. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 12 or claim 13,
Each said 2nd magnetic body (728) and the said 3rd magnetic body (729) are rotary electric machines divided | segmented into 2 in the rotating shaft direction. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 8, wherein
A rotating electrical machine in which the magnetic pole generators (26, 926) and the second magnetic bodies (28, 928) are fixed to non-magnetic holders (450, 550, 950). The rotating electrical machine according to claim 15,
The non-magnetic material holder (550, 950) has a pair of non-magnetic material split holders (552, 951) that fix the magnetic pole generating portions so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the rotation axis direction. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 15 or 16,
The non-magnetic holder (950) is formed with a fitting hole (954) that is located between the magnetic pole generating portions and into which the second magnetic body (928) can be inserted from the outer peripheral side. A rotating electrical machine in which two magnetic bodies are inserted and held in the respective fitting holes from the outer peripheral side. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 17,
A rotating electrical machine in which a nonmagnetic ring member (956) is fitted on the outer peripheral side of the nonmagnetic holder. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 18,
Edge portions (956a) extending toward the center side of the field element are formed at both ends in the rotation axis direction of the ring member, and a portion of the field element excluding the edge portion is the armature. A rotating electrical machine facing the teeth. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 19,
The first magnetic body (24, 124, 624, 724, 924) is a rotating electrical machine formed of a dust core.

Images