JP2008005474A - High-frequency wave glass antenna for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-frequency wave glass antenna for an automobile having improved antenna gain. <P>SOLUTION: A rear window glass sheet 10 includes a plurality of heating wires 2 and a plurality of bus bars 5a and 5b for feeding the heating wires 2, the heating wires 2 and the bus bars form a defogger, the heating wires 2 extend in the horizontal direction of the rear window glass sheet 10, and an antenna conductor 6 is disposed in the upper blank region of the rear window glass sheet 10, except for a defogger region. If there is a line, which passes through the center of the antenna conductor 6 in a right-to-left direction of the antenna conductor or the center of gravity thereof, and which extends parallel to the heating wire at the highest position, is to be called an "imaginary parallel line" 11, an island-like conductor 1a is disposed, in the region of the rear window glass sheet 10 between the imaginary parallel line 11 and the heating wire 2a, at the highest position, when viewed three-dimensionally. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles suitable for receiving Japanese terrestrial digital television broadcasting (471 to 771 MHz), UHF analog television broadcasting (473 to 767 MHz), or US digital television broadcasting (698 to 806 MHz).

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles in the analog television VHF-High broadcasting band shown in FIG. 2 has been reported (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this conventional example, a defogger in which a bus bar 35 and a bus bar 36 are connected by a plurality of heater wires 37 is provided on the rear window glass plate 33. A short-circuit wire 15 is provided at the center of the left and right of the plurality of heater wires 37. A branch heater wire 37a branched from the highest heater wire is provided in the vicinity of the left and right center of the blank area above the defogger of the rear window glass plate 33. A region 31 where an antenna conductor (not shown) is provided is provided on the right side of the blank region, and another antenna conductor (not shown) is provided on the left side of the blank region. Region 32 is provided. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 34 denotes a vehicle body opening edge of the window.

  In this conventional example, by adopting the above-described configuration, it is possible to receive the analog television VHF-High broadcast band. However, when used for receiving terrestrial digital television broadcasts in Japan or digital television broadcasts in the United States, there is a problem that the heater wire 37 above the defogger mainly affects the antenna conductor and the antenna gain is insufficient.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-101809 (1 page, FIG. 1)

  An object of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

According to the present invention, a plurality of heater wires and a plurality of bus bars for supplying power to the plurality of heater wires are provided on a rear window glass plate of an automobile, and the plurality of heater wires and the plurality of bus bars are provided. A defogger is configured, and the plurality of heater wires are extended in a horizontal direction, a substantially horizontal direction, a direction along the upper edge of the rear window glass plate, or a direction along the lower edge of the rear window glass plate. In a high frequency glass antenna for an automobile in which an antenna conductor is provided in an upper margin area of the rear window glass plate other than the area of the defogger,
If a line that passes through the center or center of gravity of the antenna conductor and is parallel to the highest heater line is called a virtual parallel line,
When viewed three-dimensionally, one or more island-shaped conductors including linear conductors are disposed in the region of the rear window glass plate between the virtual parallel lines and the highest heater line. A high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles is provided.

Further, the present invention is provided with a plurality of heater wires and a plurality of bus bars for supplying power to the plurality of heater wires on a rear window glass plate of an automobile, and the plurality of heater wires and the plurality of bus bars. The plurality of heater wires are extended in the horizontal direction, the substantially horizontal direction, the direction along the upper edge of the rear window glass plate, or the direction along the lower edge of the rear window glass plate. In a high frequency glass antenna for an automobile in which an antenna conductor is provided in an upper margin area of the rear window glass plate other than the area of the defogger,
Provided is a high frequency glass antenna for an automobile, wherein one or a plurality of island conductors including a linear conductor are provided in a blank area in a defogger area where a bus bar and a heater wire are not provided.

Further, the present invention is provided with a plurality of heater wires and a plurality of bus bars for supplying power to the plurality of heater wires on a rear window glass plate of an automobile, and the plurality of heater wires and the plurality of bus bars. The plurality of heater wires are extended in the horizontal direction, the substantially horizontal direction, the direction along the upper edge of the rear window glass plate, or the direction along the lower edge of the rear window glass plate. The first antenna conductor is provided on the right side of the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate other than the defogger area, and the second antenna is provided on the left side of the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate other than the defogger area. In the high frequency glass antenna for automobiles provided with the antenna conductor of
A straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the left and right center or the center of gravity of the first antenna conductor and passing through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. And the straight line is called the first antenna side virtual straight line,
A straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the center of the left and right of the second antenna conductor or the center of gravity, and passing through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. And the straight line is called the second antenna side virtual straight line,
The heater wire that extends in the left-right center direction of the rear window glass plate from the top or the vicinity of the top of the first bus bar and reaches the top or the vicinity of the top of the second bus bar is connected to the top When we say former heater wire,
The highest original heater wire is the highest in the middle of the highest original heater wire crossing the first antenna-side virtual straight line, or three-dimensionally crossing and reaching the left and right center of the rear window glass plate. One or more branch heater wires branched from the former heater wire,
The branch heater wire branches from the highest original heater wire and is once extended, then bent and extended in parallel or substantially parallel to the highest original heater wire and extended in the left and right central direction of the rear window glass plate, The middle heater wire intersects with the second antenna-side virtual straight line, or is bent and joined to the highest former heater wire in the middle until reaching the point where the three-dimensional intersection is reached,
One or more island conductors are disposed between the first antenna conductor and the highest source heater wire;
One or more island-shaped conductors are disposed between the second antenna conductor and the highest source heater wire;
One or more island-shaped conductors are disposed below the first antenna conductor and between the highest original heater wire and the heater wire immediately below the highest original heater wire,
One or more island-shaped conductors are disposed below the second antenna conductor and between the highest original heater wire and the heater wire immediately below the highest original heater wire,
Provided is a high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles, wherein these island-shaped conductors include linear conductors.

  In the present invention, by adopting the above-described configuration, the influence of the heater wire on the antenna conductor can be reduced, and the antenna gain when receiving a domestic terrestrial digital television broadcast or a US digital television broadcast can be improved. it can. Furthermore, the visual field of the rear window, in particular, the visual field and aesthetics of the defogger area are less likely to be impaired.

  Hereinafter, the high frequency glass antenna for automobiles of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, 1a is an island conductor disposed outside the defogger region, 1b is an island conductor disposed within the defogger region, 2 is a heater wire, 2a is the highest heater wire, and 2b is an upper conductor. To 2nd heater wire, 2c is the third heater wire from the top, 5a is the first bus bar, 5b is the second bus bar, 6 is the first antenna conductor, and 6a is the power supply for the first antenna conductor. A point 7 is a second antenna conductor, and 7a is a feeding point of the second antenna conductor.

  Further, 10 is a rear window glass plate of an automobile, 11 is a virtual parallel line, 12 is an antenna-side virtual straight line, 13 is a first virtual straight line, 14 is a second virtual straight line, 15 (broken line) is a short-circuit line, 17 is An FM broadcast antenna conductor, 17a is a feeding point of the FM broadcasting antenna conductor 17, 18 is an AM broadcasting antenna conductor, 18a is a feeding point of the AM broadcasting antenna conductor 18, and 19 is a vehicle body opening edge of the window. Here, the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the window is a peripheral edge of the opening of the vehicle body into which the rear window glass plate is fitted and should be a vehicle body ground, and is made of a conductive material such as metal. In addition, in FIG. 1 and each figure which shows the aspect mentioned later, a direction shall say the direction on drawing.

  In the present invention, a plurality of heater wires 2 and a plurality of bus bars for supplying power to the plurality of heater wires 2 are provided on the rear window glass plate 10, and the defogger is formed by the plurality of heater wires 2 and the plurality of bus bars. Is configured. The plurality of heater wires 2 are extended in the horizontal direction of the rear window glass plate 10, the substantially horizontal direction, the direction along the upper edge of the rear window glass plate, or the direction along the lower edge of the rear window glass plate, An antenna conductor is provided in an upper margin area of the rear window glass plate 10 other than the defogger area.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, a first bus bar 5 a extending in the vertical direction or substantially vertical direction is provided on the left end side of the rear window glass plate 10, and in the vertical direction or substantially on the right end side of the rear window glass plate 10. A second bus bar 5b extending in the vertical direction is provided. The first antenna conductor 6 is provided on the left side of the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate 10 other than the defogger area, and the first antenna conductor 6 is provided on the right side of the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate 10 other than the defogger area. Two antenna conductors 7 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the antenna conductor may be provided anywhere in the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate 10 other than the defogger area. Further, the number of antenna conductors provided in the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate 10 other than the defogger area is not limited.

  The present invention will be described using the first antenna conductor 6 as a representative example of the antenna conductor. If a line passing through the center or the center of gravity of the first antenna conductor 6 and parallel to the highest heater line 2a is referred to as a virtual parallel line 11, the virtual parallel line 11 and the highest heater line 2a are viewed in three dimensions. One or a plurality of island-shaped conductors 1a are disposed in the region of the rear window glass plate 10 between the two. Here, in the present invention, the island-shaped conductor means a conductor that is not DC-connected to the antenna conductor, includes a loop-shaped conductor, and the shape is not particularly limited. Further, “viewing three-dimensionally” means viewing from the direction perpendicular to the surface of the rear window glass plate 10 in the region of the rear window glass plate 10 where the island-shaped conductor 1a is disposed.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, the island-shaped conductor 1a is composed only of a linear conductor, and the island-shaped conductor 1a is preferably composed only of a linear conductor from the viewpoint of securing the field of view of the rear window. However, it is not limited to this, The island-like conductor 1a may contain conductors other than a linear conductor. This condition is also applied to an island-shaped conductor 1b in a defogger area described later. Here, the linear conductor means a conductor having a line width of 3 mm or less.

  In the present invention, the rear window glass plate 10 is provided with at least one of the island-shaped conductor 1a and the island-shaped conductor 1b. As shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable that both island-shaped conductors 1a and 1b are provided in terms of improving the antenna gain. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any one of the island-shaped conductors 1a and 1b can be used. 1 are insulated from the first antenna conductor 6, the defogger, the FM broadcast antenna conductor 17, and the AM broadcast antenna conductor 18 in a direct current manner.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of island-like conductors 1b made only of linear conductors are provided in a blank area in the defogger area where no bus bar and heater wires are provided. Three island-like conductors 1b are provided between the heater wires 2a and 2b, between the heater wires 2b and 2c, between the heater wires 2c and 2d, and in the defogger region below the first antenna conductor 6, respectively. Yes. In terms of improving the antenna gain, the antenna gain is most improved when the island-like conductor 1b is provided between the heater wires 2a and 2b. Next, it is preferable that the island-like conductor 1b is provided between the heater wires 2b and 2c in terms of improving the antenna gain. That is, the provision of the island-like conductor 1b between the two heater wires closer to the antenna conductor further contributes to the improvement of the antenna gain.

  In the present invention, it is assumed that the straight line is parallel to the plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, and is in contact with the left end portion of the first antenna conductor 6, and at least one of the plurality of heater wires. Assuming a straight line passing through the book, this straight line is referred to as a first virtual straight line 13, which is a straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, and the first antenna conductor 6. Is assumed to be a straight line passing through at least one of the plurality of heater wires, and the straight line is referred to as a second virtual straight line 14.

  When one island-shaped conductor 1b is provided, a part or all of the island-shaped conductor 1b is disposed between the first virtual straight line 13 and the second virtual straight line 14 when viewed three-dimensionally. It is preferable that the antenna gain is improved. Further, when a plurality of island-shaped conductors 1b are provided, a part or all of the at least one island-shaped conductor 1b in three dimensions is formed by the first virtual straight line 13 and the second virtual straight line 14. It is preferable to be disposed between them in terms of improving the antenna gain. Here, “viewing three-dimensionally” means viewing from the direction perpendicular to the surface of the rear window glass plate 10 at the center or the center of gravity of the corresponding island-shaped conductor 1b.

  Considering from the viewpoint of securing the field of view and improving the antenna gain, it is preferable that the island conductors are provided between the heater wire 2a and the heater wire 2b and between the heater wire 2b and the heater wire 2c. .

  The example shown in FIG. 23 (inside view or outside view) shows an embodiment different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and shows the upper left region of the rear window glass plate 10. In this example, the upper right region of the rear window glass plate 10 is not shown. However, the upper right side region is line symmetric or substantially line symmetric with respect to the left and right center of the rear window glass plate 10. In FIG. 23, 40 is the highest original heater wire, 41 is the original heater wire immediately below the highest original heater wire, and 42a, 42b, and 42c are branch heater wires, respectively. Here, the original heater wires 40 and 41 are also an embodiment of the heater wires.

  In the example shown in FIG. 23, the first antenna conductor 6 is provided on the left side of the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate 10 other than the defogger area, and the upper part of the rear window glass plate 10 other than the defogger area. A second antenna conductor (not shown) is provided on the right side of the blank area.

  A straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the left and right center or the center of gravity of the first antenna conductor 6 and passing through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. A straight line is assumed, and the straight line is referred to as a first antenna-side virtual straight line 12. Further, the straight line is parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, and passes through the left and right center or the center of gravity of the second antenna conductor, and passes through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. This straight line is referred to as a second antenna-side virtual straight line (not shown).

  The first bus bar 5a is extended from the uppermost part or the vicinity of the uppermost part toward the center of the left and right of the rear window glass plate 10 to reach the uppermost part or the vicinity of the uppermost part of the second bus bar (not shown). The heater wire is referred to as the highest original heater wire 40. At this time, until the highest original heater wire 40 reaches the left and right center of the rear window glass plate 10 after the highest original heater wire 40 intersects the first antenna-side virtual straight line 12 or three-dimensionally intersects. In the middle, the two branch heater wires 42a and 42b branched from the highest original heater wire 40 are provided. Here, the vicinity of the uppermost portion of the first bus bar 5a means a portion of the first bus bar 5a in the vicinity of the uppermost portion of the first bus bar 5a.

  The branch heater wires 42a and 42b are branched from the highest original heater wire 40 and once extended, and then bent and extended in parallel or substantially in parallel with the highest original heater wire 40 to the left and right center of the rear window glass plate 10. In the middle of reaching the location where the highest antenna heater line 40 intersects the second antenna-side virtual straight line or reaches a three-dimensional intersection, it is bent and merges with the highest heater heater line 40. It is connected.

  In the example shown in FIG. 23, the highest original heater wire 40 has two branch heater wires 42a and 42b, and such an embodiment is preferable in terms of anti-fogging function and antenna gain improvement. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and there may be one branch heater wire or three or more. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 23, one branch heater line is provided above and below the highest original heater line 40, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one or more branch heater wires may be provided only above or below the highest original heater wire 40. Further, the branch heater wires 42 a and 42 b are provided on the left and right center sides of the rear window glass plate 10 with respect to the first antenna-side virtual straight line 12, thereby improving the antenna gain. Since the heater current flows through the highest heater wire 40 more than the branch heater wires 42a and 42b, the conductor width of the highest heater wire 40 is preferably larger than the conductor width of the branch heater wires 42a and 42b. .

  In the example shown in FIG. 23, the original heater wire 41 is separated from the highest original heater wire 40 by a predetermined interval immediately below the highest original heater wire 40, and is provided in parallel or substantially parallel to the highest original heater wire 40. It has been. In addition, the original heater wire 41 extends from the first bus bar 5a to the left and right central directions of the rear window glass plate 10, reaches the second bus bar, and is connected thereto.

  The original heater wire 41 crosses the first antenna-side virtual straight line 12 from the original heater wire 41 in the middle of the three-way intersection until it reaches the left and right center of the rear window glass plate 10. A branched heater wire 42c is provided.

  The branch heater wire 42c is branched from the original heater wire 41 and once extended, then bent and extended in parallel or substantially in parallel with the original heater wire 41 to extend in the left and right central direction of the rear window glass plate 10, and the original heater wire 41 Is bent and joined to the original heater wire 41 in the middle until it crosses the second antenna-side virtual straight line or reaches a three-dimensional intersection.

  In the example shown in FIG. 23, the original heater wire 41 has one branch heater wire 42c, and such an embodiment is preferable in terms of an antifogging function and an antenna gain improvement. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of branch heater wires may be provided. In the example shown in FIG. 23, a branch heater wire 42 c is provided below the original heater wire 41. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one or more branch heater wires may be provided above and below the original heater wire 41, respectively. One or more branch heater wires may be provided only above the original heater wire 41. Furthermore, a plurality of branch heater wires may be provided only below the original heater wire 41.

  In the example shown in FIG. 23, one island-shaped conductor 1a is disposed between the first antenna conductor 6 and the highest original heater wire 40, and the shape of the island-shaped conductor 1a is rectangular or substantially rectangular. The loop shape. It is preferable to adopt such an aspect in terms of improving the antenna gain. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and even if such an aspect is not adopted, another island-like conductor aspect in the present invention may be adopted.

  In the example shown in FIG. 23, the island-shaped conductor 1 b is provided between the highest original heater wire 40 and the original heater wire 41, and the heater wire 2 and the original heater wire 41 directly below the original heater wire 41 are provided. Another island-like conductor 1b is provided between them. These two island-shaped conductors 1b are each composed of a linear or substantially linear conductor. It is preferable to take such an aspect from the viewpoint of securing a visual field. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and even if such an aspect is not adopted, another island-like conductor aspect in the present invention may be adopted.

  Regarding the shape of the linear conductor included in the island-shaped conductor 1a outside the defogger region and the island-shaped conductor 1b in the defogger region, it is preferable that the loop shape is improved in terms of improving antenna gain. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be a half loop shape having a cut-off portion 21 in a part of the loop shape (FIG. 3). When describing the shape of the island-shaped conductor 1a and the shape of the island-shaped conductor 1b, the island-shaped conductor 1a and the island-shaped conductor 1b are collectively referred to as the island-shaped conductor 1.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the cut-off portion 21 is provided on the lower side of the loop shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cut-off portion 21 may be provided on the upper side, the right side, or the left side of the loop shape included in the island-shaped conductor 1.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, the shape of the linear conductor included in the island-like conductor 1 is a shape having a notch 22 such that a part of the loop shape is notched. The example shown in FIG. 4 is a shape having a notch 22 on the lower side of the loop shape. The example shown in FIG. 5 is a shape having a notch 22 on the upper side of the loop shape. The example shown in FIG. 6 is a shape having a notch 22 on the left side of the loop shape. The example shown in FIG. 7 is a shape having a notch 22 on the right side of the loop shape. Regarding the examples shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, in other words, when the loop shape is a rectangle or a substantially rectangle, one of the four sides is cut away. Here, in this invention, a notch part means the concept with a larger notch part than a notch part.

  In the example shown in FIG. 8, the upper part and the right part of the loop shape are cut out. In other words, the upper side and the right side of the quadrangular or substantially quadrangular loop shape are notched. The upper side and the right side are two adjacent sides. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the lower and left sides of the loop shape are cut out. For example, as in the example shown in FIG. 1, when these loop shapes are quadrangular or substantially quadrangular, at least one of the upper side of the loop shape and the lower side of the loop shape is an island-shaped conductor. It is preferable to be parallel or substantially parallel to the heater wire 2 that is closest to 1 in order to improve the antenna gain.

  In the example shown in FIG. 10, the shape of the linear conductor included in the island-shaped conductor 1 is a circle or a substantially circle. In the example shown in FIG. 11, the shape of the linear conductor included in the island-shaped conductor 1 is an ellipse or a substantially ellipse. In the example shown in FIG. 12, the shape of the linear conductor included in the island-shaped conductor 1 is a triangle or a substantially triangle.

  When the loop shape is an ellipse or a substantially ellipse, it is preferable that the major axis of the ellipse or the substantially ellipse is parallel or substantially parallel to the heater wire 2 closest to the island-like conductor 1 in order to improve the antenna gain.

  The main part of the island-shaped conductor may be formed of a linear or substantially linear conductor. It is preferable to take such an aspect from the viewpoint of securing a visual field. More preferably, the shape of the island conductor is a linear or substantially linear conductor. Here, the main part refers to a part occupying 80% or more of the maximum width in the longitudinal direction of the island-shaped conductor.

Further, when the island-shaped conductor adopts this mode, the wavelength of the received radio wave in the air is referred to as λ ₀ , the glass wavelength shortening rate is referred to as k, k = 0.64, and λ _g = λ _0. When k is set, the maximum width in the longitudinal direction of the island-shaped conductor is preferably 0.13λ _{g to} 0.44λ _g , particularly 0.26λ _{g to} 0.43λ _g in order to improve the antenna gain. Further, the antenna may be provided with a linear conductor having a conductor length of (1/5) or less of the maximum width in the longitudinal direction of the island-shaped conductor perpendicular to or substantially perpendicular to the island-shaped conductor. It is preferable because the gain is improved. As this aspect, the example shown to FIG.

The main part of the island-shaped conductor is made of a linear or substantially linear conductor, and is one in the region of the rear window glass plate 10 between the virtual parallel line 11 and the highest heater line 2a when viewed three-dimensionally. Alternatively, an aspect in which a plurality of island conductors are disposed will be described. When the island conductor is provided one, the average distance between the antenna conductor and the island-like conductor 0.06 _g to 200 mm, particularly preferably a 0.076λ _g ~150mm. When a plurality of island-shaped conductors are provided, the average distance between each island-shaped conductor and the antenna conductor is 0.06λ _{g to} 200 mm, particularly 0.076λ _{g to} 150 mm. It is preferable. If this average distance is 0.06 _g or more, preferably improved antenna gain in comparison with a case of less than 0.06 _g. When this average interval is 200 mm or less, it is preferable that the size can be reduced as compared with the case where it is more than 200 mm.

  In the example shown in FIG. 13, the left island-shaped conductor 1a is connected to the bus bar 5a via the connection conductor 23a, and the right island-shaped conductor 1a and the island-shaped conductor 1b are connected to the heater via the connection conductors 23a and 23b, respectively. It is connected to the lines 2a and 2b.

  In the example shown in FIG. 14, the left island-shaped conductor 1a is directly connected to the bus bar 5a, and the right island-shaped conductor 1a and the island-shaped conductor 1b are directly connected to the heater wires 2a and 2b, respectively.

FIG. 15 shows the dimensions of the island-shaped conductor 1. In FIG. 15, H is the maximum vertical width of the island-shaped conductor 1, W ₀ is the maximum horizontal width of the island-shaped conductor, and p is the distance between the island-shaped conductors 1.

The H and the horizontal axis, the coordinate plane of the W ₀ and the vertical axis, in the area of H ≧ 0.032λ _g, that there is a H and W ₀ in a region surrounded by the following curves A1 and below the straight line A2 The antenna gain is preferably improved.

W ₀ = − (56.8 / λ _g ) (H−0.035λ _g ) ² + 0.38λ _g · curve A1,
W ₀ = 0.025λ _g ... Straight line A2.

H <In the area of 0.032λ _g, linear A2, it is preferable to increase the antenna gain and H and _{W 0} are present in the region surrounded by the following straight line A3 and the following line A4.
W ₀ = 0.38λ _g ... Straight line A3,
H = 0.016λ _g ·············· Straight line A4.

A more preferable range of the above range is a region surrounded by the curves B1, B2, and B3.
W ₀ = − (47.3 / λ _g ) (H−0.032λ _g ) ² + 0.362λ _g · curve B1,
W ₀ = − (28.4 / λ _g ) (H−0.032λ _g ) ² + 0.21λ _g · curve B2,
H = 0.0256λ _g ... Curve B3.

As shown in FIG. 20 which will be described later, it is assumed that the straight line is parallel to the plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passes through the left and right center of the antenna conductor 26, and passes through the highest heater wire 2a. A straight line passing through is assumed, and the straight line is referred to as an antenna-side virtual straight line 12. Also, assuming a straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the left and right center of the island-like conductor 1a and passing through the highest heater wire 2a, When the straight line is referred to as an island-like conductor-side virtual straight line 16, when viewed three-dimensionally, according to FIG. 21 described later, the shortest distance between the antenna-side virtual straight line 12 and the island-like conductor-side virtual straight line 16 is 1.1λ _g In order to improve the antenna gain, it is preferable that the antenna conductor 26 and the island-shaped conductor 1a are disposed on the rear window glass plate 10 as described below. Here, “viewing three-dimensionally” means that the rear window glass plate 10 is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the rear window glass plate 10 where the center or center of gravity of the island-shaped conductor 1a exists. Say.

A more preferable range of this range is 0.6λ _g or less, a particularly preferable range is 0.5λ _g or less, and a most preferable range is 0.4λ _g or less. Further, the shortest distance between the antenna-side imaginary straight line 12 and the island-shaped conductor virtual straight line 16, it is preferred from the viewpoint of improving the antenna gain is 0.1 [lambda] _g or more.

Further, when the three-dimensional point of view, the shortest distance between the antenna-side imaginary straight line 12 and the island-shaped conductor virtual straight line 16, so that a 0.1 [lambda] _g or more, the antenna conductor 26 and the island-shaped conductor 1a and the rear window It is preferable that it is disposed on the glass plate 10 in terms of improving the antenna gain.

In FIG. 21, W ₀ = 0.258λ _g (80 mm), H = 0.029λ _g (9 mm) to 0.116λ _g (36 mm), L ₁₁ (the antenna conductor and the island in the extending direction of the antenna-side virtual straight line 12) W ₀ for the above-mentioned range of the shortest distance between the antenna-side imaginary straight line 12 and the island-like conductor-side imaginary straight line 16 in view of the fact that the shortest distance between the antenna-like conductor 1a) = 0.029λ _g (9 mm). , H and L ₁₁ are determined and shown in Table 1.

In view of the fact that W ₀ = 0.258λ _g (80 mm) is fixed, the antenna conductor in which the effect of the island-shaped conductor 1a appears with the shortest distance between the antenna-side virtual straight line 12 and the island-shaped conductor-side virtual straight line 16. to discuss the relative position of the island conductor 1a with respect to the hard to say that the cut - in response to changes in the W _0.

Therefore, based on FIG. 21, it is preferable that a part or the whole of the island-shaped conductor 1a is disposed between the first virtual straight line 13 and the second virtual straight line 14 in a three-dimensional view. In other cases, the shorter of the shortest distance between the island-shaped conductor 1a and the first virtual line 13 or the shortest distance between the island-shaped conductor 1a and the second virtual line 14 The interval is preferably 0.728λ _g or less from the viewpoint of improving the antenna gain. A more preferred range of this range, or less 0.228Ramuda _g, particularly preferred range is less 0.128Ramuda _g, the most preferred range is less 0.028λ _g. Table 1 shows the allowable ranges of W ₀ , H, and L ₁₁ .

It is preferable that λ ₀ and λ _g are set to the wavelengths in the air at the center frequency of the desired broadcast frequency band because the antenna gain is improved. In order to satisfactorily receive the entire area of the Japanese terrestrial digital television broadcasting band (471 to 771 MHz), λ ₀ corresponding to the wavelength of 621 MHz, which is the central frequency of the domestic terrestrial digital television broadcasting band, is 483. It is preferable that λ _g is 309.2 mm because the antenna gain is improved.

When the current broadcasting frequency band (471 to 600 MHz) in the Japanese terrestrial digital television broadcasting band is to be received satisfactorily, λ ₀ corresponding to the wavelength of 535.5 MHz which is the center frequency of the current broadcasting frequency band is 560 mm and λ _g is 358.5 mm.

In order to successfully receive the main broadcasting band (471-710 MHz) in the digital terrestrial television broadcasting band in Japan, λ ₀ corresponding to the wavelength of 590.5 MHz which is the center frequency of this main broadcasting band is 508 mm. , Λ _g is preferably 325 mm, because the antenna gain is improved.

  Considering the anti-fogging effect and securing the field of view, the distance between the heater wires 2 is preferably 10 to 40 mm. More preferably, it is 22-34 mm, Most preferably, it is 25-32 mm. It is preferable that the intervals between the heater wires provided on the rear window glass plate are equal intervals or substantially equal intervals in order to uniformly perform the antifogging effect.

  In the present invention, the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7 are preferably used for terrestrial digital television broadcasting in Japan, digital television broadcasting in the United States, digital television broadcasting in China, or digital television broadcasting in Europe.

  When receiving a Japanese terrestrial digital television broadcast, the frequency of the radio wave received by each of the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7 includes a frequency existing between 471 and 771 MHz. Is preferred.

  When receiving the current broadcast frequency band (471 to 600 MHz) of digital terrestrial television broadcasting in Japan, the frequency of radio waves received by the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7 is 471 to 471, respectively. It is preferable to include frequencies that exist between 600 MHz.

  When receiving a digital television broadcast in the United States, it is preferable that the frequency of the received radio wave includes a frequency existing between 698 and 806 MHz.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, one of the bus bars 5a and 5b is electrically connected to the anode of a DC power supply (not shown), and the other bus bar is electrically connected to the cathode of the DC power supply. In the example shown in FIG. 1, two bus bars 5 a and 5 b are provided on the rear window glass plate 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the bus bars may be as many as three or four. That is, the present invention can be applied to any defogger in which a voltage is applied between two bus bars on the antenna conductor side. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 may be either in-vehicle or external. The short-circuit line 15 is provided as necessary for adjusting the impedance of the defogger.

  In the present invention, the rear window glass plate 10 is preferably tilted by 18 to 36 °, particularly 20 to 33 ° with respect to the horizontal direction in order to improve the F / B ratio.

  In the present invention, island-like conductors, bus bars, heater wires, short-circuit wires, antenna conductors and feeding points are usually printed on the inner surface of the rear window glass plate 10 with a paste containing a conductive metal such as silver paste. Formed by baking. However, the present invention is not limited to this forming method, and a linear body or a foil-like body made of a conductive material such as copper may be formed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the rear window glass plate 10. It may be provided inside the glass plate 10 itself.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1, each of the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7 is a single-pole antenna having one feeding point. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7 may each be a bipolar antenna having one feeding point and having a ground conductor (not shown). In the present invention, the feeding point provided on the antenna conductor is preferably provided above or obliquely above the antenna conductor from the viewpoint of improving the antenna gain.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to perform diversity reception between the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7. This is to make the antenna performance as omnidirectional as possible. Further, the number of antenna conductors provided in the automobile other than the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7 is not limited, and the first antenna conductor 6 and the second antenna conductor 7 in the present invention, Diversity reception may be performed between another antenna such as a pole antenna and / or another glass antenna.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and various improvements and modifications are also included in the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is not impaired. Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  In the following examples 1, 2, 4, and 5, since the related characteristics are obtained by calculation for the antenna gain of the horizontally polarized wave, the common specifications will be described first. The calculation method is the moment method. The antenna gain is the average value of the antenna gain from -90 ° to + 90 ° in the horizontal direction (vehicle front back) when the vehicle rear is 0 “zero” °, the vehicle left direction is + 90 °, and the vehicle front is + 180 °. It is calculated as (every 1 °).

  The size of the rear window glass plate 10 is not included in the calculation element, but is calculated by including the dimension of the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the window in the calculation element. It is assumed that the rear window glass plate 10 is inclined by 22 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. The shape of the heater wire 2 is assumed to be line symmetric with the left and right center of the heater wire 2 as the axis of symmetry.

  It is assumed that either of the bus bars 5a and 5b is galvanically insulated from a direct current power source (not shown). It is assumed that the short-circuit wire 15 is provided on the rear window glass plate 10.

In Example 1, Example 2, Example 4 and Example 5, the antenna gain is calculated every 30 MHz in the frequency band 471 to 771 MHz. In the characteristic diagrams in Examples 1, 2, 4, and 5, the antenna gain is shown as an average value for each 30 MHz. In these characteristic diagrams, λ _g of various values normalized by λ _g is λ _g (309.2 mm) corresponding to the center frequency (621 MHz) of 471 to 771 MHz.

"Example 1 (Example)"
Assume a high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile as shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, it is assumed that the rear window glass plate 10 is not provided with the second antenna conductor 7 but is provided with only the first antenna conductor 6. Calculate the gain.

FIG. 16 is a plan view showing dimensions of the example shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, island conductors are omitted. Each numerical value is shown below. FIG. 17 is a characteristic diagram of W ₀ -antenna gain (average value) at H = 0.078λ _g (24 mm). FIG. 18 is a characteristic diagram of W ₀ -antenna gain (average value) at H = 0.058λ _g (18 mm). FIG. 19 is a characteristic diagram of W ₀ -antenna gain (average value) at H = 0.032λ _g (10 mm). In addition, in FIGS. 17-18, p is also changed.

Conductor width of the island-shaped conductor (line width constituting the loop) 1.0 mm,
The thickness of the rear window glass plate 10 is 3.5 mm,
The relative dielectric constant of the rear window glass plate 10 is 7.0,
W ₁ (horizontal width of the first antenna conductor 6) 70 mm,
W _2a 35mm,
W _2b 20mm,
The conductor width of the first antenna conductor 6 is 1.0 mm;
W ₃ 50mm,
W ₄ 660 mm,
W ₅ 154mm,
W ₆ 215mm,
W ₇ (maximum vertical width of the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the window) 710 mm,
W ₈ (maximum width of the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the window) 1224 mm.

D ₁ 21 mm,
D ₂ 9 mm,
D ₃ 18mm,
D ₄ 40 mm,
D ₅ 62 mm,
D ₆ 60 mm.

D ₁₁ 10 mm,
L ₁ 35mm,
L ₂ (the shortest distance between the first antenna conductor 6 and the highest heater wire 2a) 77 mm,
L ₃ 9mm,
L ₄ 70mm,
Conductor length of the highest heater wire 2a (not including bus bars 5a and 5b) 1100mm,
The line width of the heater wire 2 is 1.0 mm,
Bus bar 5a, 5b conductor width 10mm,
Conductor thickness of the first antenna conductor 6 and the heater wire 2 0.012 mm,
Feed points 6a, 7a, 17a, 18a (vertical x horizontal) 12 x 20mm,
The conductor length of the FM broadcast antenna conductor is 495 mm.

"Example 2 (Example)"
In FIG. 1, the rear window glass plate 10 is not provided with antenna conductors 6 and 7, feeding points 6a and 7a, FM broadcasting antenna conductor 17, AM broadcasting antenna conductors and feeding points 17a and 18a, and a defogger region. The antenna conductor 26 is provided in the left and right center of the upper blank area of the rear window glass plate 10 except for the antenna conductor 26 and the highest heater wire 2a. Assume a high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles that is provided between or near and with no other island-like conductors 1a, 1b (FIG. 20 (in-house view)). In FIG. 20, the specifications of the vehicle body opening edge 19 and the defogger of the window other than the above-described changes are the same as those in the first example.

The antenna gain is calculated when the island-shaped conductor 1a is moved in parallel to the lower element of the antenna conductor 26 and right and left. Various numerical values are shown below, and a characteristic diagram of L _X -antenna gain (average value) is shown in FIG.

Note that L _X is the distance between the left and right center of the antenna conductor 26 and the imaginary straight line 16 on the island-like conductor side. The lower element of the antenna conductor 26 is line symmetric with respect to the left and right center of the rear window glass plate 10. In Figure 20, the island conductor virtual straight line 16 is disposed on the right side of the left-right center of the rear window glass plate 10, the value of L _X is shown in Figure 21 so that positive.

W ₀ 80 mm (0.259λ _g ),
H 0.029λ _g (9 mm) to 0.116λ _g (36 mm),
Conductor width of the island-shaped conductor (line width constituting the loop) 1.0 mm,
W ₁₁ (width of the antenna conductor 26 in the horizontal direction) 150 mm (0.485λ _g ),
W _12a 35mm,
W _12b 20mm,
The conductor width of the antenna conductor 26 is 1.0 mm,
L ₁₁ 9 mm (0.029λ _g ),
L ₁₂ (shortest distance between the antenna conductor 26 and the highest heater wire 2a) 86 mm,
D ₁₁ (the shortest distance between the upper end of the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the window and the feeding point 26a of the antenna conductor 26) 9 mm,
Feed point 26a (vertical x horizontal) 12 x 20 mm.

"Create Figure 22"
Regarding the relationship between W ₀ and H, FIG. 22 shows a coordinate plane in which W ₀ is the vertical axis and H is the horizontal axis. In FIG. 22, each straight line was determined as follows. A1 to A4 and B1 to B3 were determined based on the characteristics of FIGS. 17 to 19 and taking into account the allowable range of the characteristics.

"Example 3 (Example)"
Using the rear window glass plate 10 fitted in the opening of the automobile window, an automobile high-frequency glass antenna as shown in FIG. 24 (in-house view) was manufactured.

  The antenna gain is the average value of the antenna gain from -90 ° to + 90 ° in the horizontal direction (the front side of the vehicle) when the vehicle rear is 0 “zero” °, the vehicle left is + 90 °, and the vehicle rear is + 180 °. (Every 1 °). The measurement frequency was 471 to 771 MHz (every 10 MHz), and the horizontal polarization frequency-antenna gain characteristic was measured.

  The rear window glass plate 10 was inclined by 21 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. In the center of the left and right of the rear window glass plate 10, the AM broadcast antenna conductor 18 is short-circuited by a connection conductor extending in the vertical direction. The dimensions of each part are shown below.

  As shown in FIG. 24, rectangular loop-shaped island-shaped conductors were disposed at all of positions 51 to 55, positions 61 to 68, and positions 71 to 82. For the position 65, only the left half of the island conductor is shown. These island-shaped conductors were prepared by attaching a copper foil to the rear window glass plate 10. Of all the above positions, the island-shaped conductors arbitrarily disposed at one position were removed. In this case, the lowered antenna gain is shown in Table 2. In Table 2, for example, 0.21 dB indicates that the antenna gain has decreased by 0.21 dB.

Island conductor 10 × 80mm,
Conductor width of the island-shaped conductor (line width constituting the loop) 0.8 mm,
D ₃ 15 mm,
D ₅ 20 mm,
D ₇ (Spacing between island conductor and bus bar 5a) (same for each island conductor at positions 61, 66, 71, 74, 77, 80) 5 mm,
p (positions 51 to 55, positions 61 to 68 and positions 71 to 82 are the same interval) 20 mm,
D ₁₁ 10 mm,
The shortest distance between the island conductor at position 51 and the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the left window
25mm,
The shortest distance between the island conductor at position 53 and the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the left window
25mm,
L ₂ 56 mm,
L ₃ 10mm,
L ₅ 170mm,
L ₁₁ 9mm,
L ₁₂ 9 mm.

W ₁₁ 140mm,
W _12a 35mm,
W _12b 20mm,
W ₁₃ 70mm,
Feeding point 6a 12 × 20 mm,
Bus bar 5a conductor width 10mm,
30mm spacing between heater wires,
FM broadcast antenna conductor 17 conductor length 630 mm,
AM broadcast antenna conductor 18 conductor length (each 5 horizontal width) 700 mm,
40 mm spacing between the AM broadcast antenna conductor 18 and the highest heater wire 2a,
Maximum vertical width x maximum horizontal width 710 x 1224 mm of the vehicle body opening edge 19 of the window,
The number of heater wires is 17.

"Example 4 (Example)"
A high frequency glass antenna for automobiles as shown in FIG. 24 is assumed. The rear window glass plate 10 is assumed to be the same as that assumed in Example 1, and it is assumed that the FM broadcast antenna conductor 17, feed point 17a, AM broadcast antenna conductor 18 and feed point 18a are not provided.

  It is assumed that no island-shaped conductor is provided at positions 51, 53, 55, 61-68, and 71-82, and one linear island-shaped conductor is provided in the vicinity of positions 52, 54. That is, it is assumed that one linear island-shaped conductor is provided between the antenna conductor 6 and the highest heater wire 2a.

The distance between the antenna-side virtual straight line 12 (not shown in FIG. 24, shown in FIG. 20) and the island-shaped conductor-side virtual straight line 16 (not shown in FIG. 24, shown in FIG. 20) is 0 mm. The length (maximum width in the longitudinal direction) is changed to 20 to 160 mm (every 20 mm) (0.065λ _{g to} 0.517λ _g ), and the distance between the antenna conductor 6 and the island-shaped conductor is set to 8 to The average antenna gain was calculated by changing to 56 mm (0.026λ _{g to} 0.181λ _g ).

For each conductor length of this island-shaped conductor, extract the maximum antenna gain (average antenna gain for each frequency) when the distance between the antenna conductor 6 and the island-shaped conductor is changed to 8 to 56 mm. FIG. 25 shows a characteristic diagram in which the vertical axis represents the length of the island-shaped conductor and the horizontal axis represents the conductor length. That is, for example, when the conductor length of the island-shaped conductor is 20 mm, the maximum antenna gain is adopted when the distance between the antenna conductor 6 and the island-shaped conductor is changed to 8 to 56 mm. As described above, the antenna gain is an average value for each frequency.
The dimension of each part is shown below, and the dimension not described, the dimension of the feeding point 6a and its position are the same as in Example 1.

Conductor width of island-shaped conductor (straight line width) 1.0 mm,
D ₁₁ 10 mm,
L ₂ 77mm,
L ₃ 10mm,
W ₁₁ 150mm,
W _12a 35mm,
W _12b 15mm,
W ₁₃ 75 mm.

"Example 5 (Example)"
The same calculation was performed with the same dimensions as in Example 4 except that the conductor length of the island-shaped conductor was fixed to 0.388λ _g (120 mm). As in Example 4, the distance between the antenna conductor 6 and the island conductor was changed to 8 to 56 mm, and the average antenna gain was calculated. FIG. 26 shows a characteristic diagram in which the average antenna gain is the vertical axis, and the distance between the antenna conductor 6 and the island-shaped conductor is the horizontal axis.

"Example 6 (Example)"
A high frequency glass antenna for automobiles as shown in FIG. 24 is assumed. The rear window glass plate 10 is assumed to be the same as that assumed in Example 1, and it is assumed that the FM broadcast antenna conductor 17, feed point 17a, AM broadcast antenna conductor 18 and feed point 18a are not provided.

  There are no island conductors at positions 51 to 55, positions 63 to 65, 68, and positions 73 to 82, and one linear island conductor is provided at each of positions 61, 62, 66, 67, 71, and 72. Suppose that a total of six are provided. Each island-like conductor is assumed to be arranged at an intermediate position between the upper and lower two heater wires. As described above, an average value for each frequency is calculated as the antenna gain.

  The dimensions of each part are shown below. The shape and dimensions of the antenna conductor are the same as in Example 4. The dimensions not described, the dimensions of the feeding point 6a and their positions are the same as in Example 1. When these six island-shaped conductors are provided, the average antenna gain is improved by 0.8 dB compared to the case where they are not provided.

The conductor length of the island-shaped conductor (maximum width in the longitudinal direction) 100 mm,
Conductor width of island-shaped conductor (straight line width) 1.0 mm,
p 20mm,
D ₇ (Distance between each of the island-shaped conductors at the positions 61, 66, 71 and the bus bar 5a) 20 mm.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for a glass antenna for automobiles that receives Japanese terrestrial digital TV broadcasts, UHF band analog TV broadcasts and US digital TV broadcasts, digital TV broadcasts in the European Union region, or digital TV broadcasts in the People's Republic of China. The In addition, Japanese FM broadcast band (76-90 MHz), US FM broadcast band (88-108 MHz), TV VHF band (90-108 MHz, 170-222 MHz), 800 MHz band (810-960 MHz) for car phones, automobiles 1.5 GHz band (1.429 to 1.501 GHz) for telephones, UHF band (300 MHz to 3 GHz), GPS (Global Positioning System), GPS signal of artificial satellite 1575.42 MHz, VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System, (Vehicle Information and Communication System: 2.5 GHz)

  Furthermore, ETC communication (Electronic Toll Collection System: non-stop automatic toll collection system, roadside wireless device transmission frequency: 5.795 GHz or 5.805 GHz, roadside wireless device reception frequency 5.835 GHz or 5.845 GHz), dedicated narrow Area communication (DSRC: Dedicated Short Range Communication, 915 MHz band, 5.8 GHz band, 60 GHz band), microwave (1 GHz to 3 THz), millimeter wave (30 to 300 GHz), automotive keyless entry system (300 to 450 MHz), and And SDARS (Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service (2.34 GHz, 2.6 GHz)) communication.

The top view which shows one Embodiment of the high frequency glass antenna for motor vehicles of this invention. The top view which shows a prior art example. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the island-shaped conductor 1 of a shape different from the example shown in FIG. The top view which shows embodiment which the island-like conductor is connected to the heater wire 2 and the bus bar 5a via the connection conductor. The top view which shows embodiment which the island-like conductor is directly connected to the heater wire 2 and the bus bar 5a. The top view which shows the dimension of the island-like conductor 1. FIG. The top view which shows the dimension of the example shown in FIG. In Example 1, the H = 0.078λ _{g, W 0} - characteristic diagram of the antenna gain. In Example 1, the H = 0.058λ _{g, W 0} - characteristic diagram of the antenna gain. In Example 1, the H = 0.032λ _{g, W 0} - characteristic diagram of the antenna gain. The top view which shows the aspect of Example 2. FIG. In FIG. 2, L _X -antenna gain characteristic diagram. The relationship diagram of _W0 and H. FIG. The top view which showed embodiment different from embodiment shown in FIG. The top view which shows the high frequency glass antenna for motor vehicles in Example 4. FIG. The characteristic figure which makes the antenna gain in Example 4 a vertical axis | shaft, and makes the conductor length of an island-shaped conductor a horizontal axis. The characteristic view which makes the average antenna gain in Example 5 a vertical axis, and makes the space | interval between the antenna conductor 6 and an island-shaped conductor a horizontal axis.

Explanation of symbols

1a: Island conductor 1b outside the defogger region 1b: Island conductor 2a within the defogger region 2a: Highest heater wire 2b: Second heater wire 2c from the top: Third heater wire 5a from the top: First Bus bar 5b: Second bus bar 6: First antenna conductor 6a: Feed point 7 of the first antenna conductor 7: Second antenna conductor 7a: Feed point 10 of the second antenna conductor 10: Rear window glass plate 11 of the automobile : Virtual parallel line 12: antenna-side virtual straight line 13: first virtual straight line 14: second virtual straight line 16: island-like conductor-side virtual straight line 17: FM broadcast antenna conductor 17 a: feeding point of FM broadcast antenna conductor 17 18: AM broadcasting antenna conductor 18a: Feeding point 19 of AM broadcasting antenna conductor 18: Opening edge of vehicle body of window

Claims (36)

The rear window glass plate of the automobile is provided with a plurality of heater wires and a plurality of bus bars for supplying power to the plurality of heater wires, and the plurality of heater wires and the plurality of bus bars constitute a defogger. The plurality of heater wires are extended in a horizontal direction, a substantially horizontal direction, a direction along the upper edge of the rear window glass plate, or a direction along the lower edge of the rear window glass plate, and a region of the defogger In a high frequency glass antenna for an automobile in which an antenna conductor is provided in the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate,
If a line that passes through the center or center of gravity of the antenna conductor and is parallel to the highest heater line is called a virtual parallel line,
When viewed three-dimensionally, one or more island-shaped conductors including linear conductors are disposed in the region of the rear window glass plate between the virtual parallel lines and the highest heater line. High-frequency glass antenna for automobiles. The rear window glass plate of the automobile is provided with a plurality of heater wires and a plurality of bus bars for supplying power to the plurality of heater wires, and the plurality of heater wires and the plurality of bus bars constitute a defogger. The plurality of heater wires are extended in a horizontal direction, a substantially horizontal direction, a direction along the upper edge of the rear window glass plate, or a direction along the lower edge of the rear window glass plate, and a region of the defogger In a high frequency glass antenna for an automobile in which an antenna conductor is provided in the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate,
A high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile, wherein one or a plurality of island-shaped conductors including linear conductors are provided in a blank area in the defogger area where no bus bar and heater wires are provided. The rear window glass plate of the automobile is provided with a plurality of heater wires and a plurality of bus bars for supplying power to the plurality of heater wires, and the plurality of heater wires and the plurality of bus bars constitute a defogger. The plurality of heater wires are extended in a horizontal direction, a substantially horizontal direction, a direction along the upper edge of the rear window glass plate, or a direction along the lower edge of the rear window glass plate, and a region of the defogger The first antenna conductor is provided on the right side of the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate except for the above, and the second antenna conductor is provided on the left side of the upper margin area of the rear window glass plate other than the defogger area. In the automotive high frequency glass antenna,
A straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the left and right center or the center of gravity of the first antenna conductor and passing through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. And the straight line is called the first antenna side virtual straight line,
A straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the center of the left and right of the second antenna conductor or the center of gravity, and passing through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. And the straight line is called the second antenna side virtual straight line,
The heater wire that extends in the left-right center direction of the rear window glass plate from the top or the vicinity of the top of the first bus bar and reaches the top or the vicinity of the top of the second bus bar is connected to the top When we say former heater wire,
The highest original heater wire is the highest in the middle of the highest original heater wire crossing the first antenna-side virtual straight line, or three-dimensionally crossing and reaching the left and right center of the rear window glass plate. One or more branch heater wires branched from the former heater wire,
The branch heater wire branches from the highest original heater wire and is once extended, then bent and extended in parallel or substantially parallel to the highest original heater wire and extended in the left and right central direction of the rear window glass plate, The middle heater wire intersects with the second antenna-side virtual straight line, or is bent and joined to the highest former heater wire in the middle until reaching the point where the three-dimensional intersection is reached,
One or more island conductors are disposed between the first antenna conductor and the highest source heater wire;
One or more island-shaped conductors are disposed between the second antenna conductor and the highest source heater wire;
One or more island-shaped conductors are disposed below the first antenna conductor and between the highest original heater wire and the heater wire immediately below the highest original heater wire,
One or more island-shaped conductors are disposed below the second antenna conductor and between the highest original heater wire and the heater wire immediately below the highest original heater wire,
A high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles, wherein these island-shaped conductors include linear conductors.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the island-shaped conductor is composed of only the linear conductor.   The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the linear conductor has a loop shape.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shape of the linear conductor is a half-loop shape having a cutout part in a part of the loop shape.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shape of the linear conductor is a shape having a notch portion in which a part of the loop shape is notched.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the loop shape is a polygon, a substantially polygon, a circle, a substantially circle, an ellipse, or a substantially ellipse.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the loop shape is a quadrangle, a substantially quadrangle, a triangle, or a substantially triangle.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the loop shape is a rectangle or a substantially rectangle. When the loop shape is a quadrangle or a substantially quadrangle, it is a shape having a notch portion in which one of the four sides or two of the four sides are cut out,
The high frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein when two of the four sides are cut out, two adjacent sides are cut out.   The loop shape is a quadrangle or a substantially quadrangle, and at least one of the upper side of the loop shape and the lower side of the loop shape is parallel or substantially parallel to a heater wire closest to the island-shaped conductor. 8. The high frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to any one of 7 above. The loop shape is an ellipse or a substantially oval;
The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a major axis of the ellipse or the substantially ellipse is parallel or substantially parallel to a heater wire closest to the island conductor.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a main portion of the island-shaped conductor is a linear or substantially linear conductor.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the island-shaped conductor is a linear or substantially linear conductor. The wavelength in the air of the frequency of the received radio wave is called λ ₀ , the glass wavelength shortening rate is called k, k = 0.64, and λ _g = λ ₀ · k,
The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to claim 14 or 15, wherein a maximum width in a longitudinal direction of the island-shaped conductor is 0.13λ _{g to} 0.44λ _g .   15. A linear conductor having a conductor length equal to or less than (1/5) of the maximum width in the longitudinal direction of the island conductor is attached to the island conductor perpendicularly or substantially perpendicular to the island conductor. The high frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to any one of 16. The wavelength in the air of the frequency of the received radio wave is called λ ₀ , the glass wavelength shortening rate is called k, k = 0.64, and λ _g = λ ₀ · k,
When viewed three-dimensionally, one or more island-shaped conductors are disposed in the region of the rear window glass plate between the virtual parallel lines and the highest heater line,
When one island-shaped conductor is provided, an average distance between the antenna conductor and the island-shaped conductor is 0.06λ _{g to} 200 mm,
18. When there are a plurality of the island-shaped conductors, the average distance between each of the island-shaped conductors and the antenna conductor is 0.06λ _{g to} 200 mm, respectively. High frequency glass antenna for automobiles. The shape of one or a plurality of the island-shaped conductors arranged between the first antenna conductor and the highest original heater wire has a rectangular or substantially rectangular loop shape,
The shape of the one or more island-shaped conductors arranged between the second antenna conductor and the highest original heater wire has a rectangular or substantially rectangular loop shape,
A main portion of one or more island-shaped conductors disposed below the first antenna conductor and between the highest original heater wire and the heater wire immediately below the highest original heater wire, It consists of a linear or substantially linear conductor,
One or more island-shaped conductors arranged below the second antenna conductor and between the highest original heater wire and the heater wire immediately below the highest original heater wire are linear or The high frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to claim 3, comprising a substantially linear conductor. When one island-like conductor is provided, the island-like conductor is connected to at least one of the heater wire and the bus bar via the connection conductor or directly,
In the case where a plurality of island-shaped conductors are provided, at least one of these island-shaped conductors is connected to at least one of a heater wire and a bus bar via a connection conductor or directly. The high frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to any one of 19. The maximum vertical width in the vertical direction of the island-shaped conductor is referred to as H, and the maximum horizontal width in the horizontal direction of the island-shaped conductor is referred to as W ₀ .
The wavelength in the air of the frequency of the received radio wave is called λ ₀ , the glass wavelength shortening rate is called k, k = 0.64, and λ _g = λ ₀ · k,
In a coordinate plane with H as the horizontal axis and W ₀ as the vertical axis,
In the area of H ≧ 0.032λ _g,
W ₀ = − (56.8 / λ _g ) (H−0.035λ _g ) ² + 0.38λ _g · curve A1,
W ₀ = 0.025λ _g · · · · · · · Straight line A2,
And H and W ₀ exist in a region surrounded by the curve A1 and the straight line A2,
In the area of H <0.032λ _g,
W ₀ = 0.38λ _g ... Straight line A3,
H = 0.016λ _g · · · · · Straight line A4,
That case, the straight line A2, straight A3 and vehicle high frequency glass antenna according to claim 1 is H and W ₀ is present in a region surrounded by the straight line A4. The wavelength in the air of the frequency of the received radio wave is called λ ₀ , the glass wavelength shortening rate is called k, k = 0.64, and λ _g = λ ₀ · k,
Assuming a straight line parallel to the plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the left and right center of the antenna conductor and passing through the highest heater wire, this straight line is assumed to be virtual on the antenna side. It ’s called a straight line,
Assuming a straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, passing through the left and right center of the island conductor and passing through the highest heater wire, the straight line is assumed to be an island. When called a virtual straight line on the conductor side,
When the three-dimensional perspective, the shortest distance between the antenna-side imaginary straight line and the island-shaped conductor virtual straight line, so that less 1.1Ramuda _g, and the antenna conductor and the island-like conductor is disposed in the rear window glass sheet The high frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to claim 1. When viewed three-dimensionally, the antenna conductor and the island-shaped conductor are disposed on the rear window glass so that the shortest distance between the antenna-side virtual straight line and the island-shaped conductor-side virtual straight line is 0.1λ _g or more. The high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to claim 22, which is disposed on the plate. The wavelength in the air of the frequency of the received radio wave is called λ ₀ , the glass wavelength shortening rate is called k, k = 0.64, and λ _g = λ ₀ · k,
Temporarily, a straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, which is in contact with the left end portion of the antenna conductor and penetrates at least one of the plurality of heater wires. Assuming that the straight line is called the first virtual straight line,
Temporarily, a straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, which is in contact with the right end of the antenna conductor and passes through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. Assuming that the straight line is the second virtual straight line,
When viewed three-dimensionally, a part or the whole of the island-shaped conductor is disposed between the first virtual line and the second virtual line,
In other cases, when viewed three-dimensionally, the shortest of the shortest distance between the island-shaped conductor and the first virtual line or the shortest distance between the island-shaped conductor and the second virtual line square distance is glass antenna according to any of claims 1 to 20 or less 0.728λ _g. 25. The high-frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein [lambda] _g is 309.2 mm. 25. The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the [lambda] _g is 358.5 mm. 25. The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the [lambda] ₀ is set to a wavelength in air having a center frequency of a desired broadcast frequency band. 25. The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the [lambda] ₀ is set to a wavelength in the air having a frequency of 535.5 MHz. Temporarily, a straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, which is in contact with the left end portion of the antenna conductor and penetrates at least one of the plurality of heater wires. Assuming that the straight line is called the first virtual straight line,
Temporarily, a straight line parallel to a plane parallel to both the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the automobile, which is in contact with the right end of the antenna conductor and passes through at least one of the plurality of heater wires. Assuming that the straight line is called the second virtual straight line,
When one island-shaped conductor is provided, a part or all of the island-shaped conductor is disposed between the first virtual line and the second virtual line when viewed three-dimensionally. ,
When a plurality of island-shaped conductors are provided, a part or all of at least one island-shaped conductor is disposed between the first virtual line and the second virtual line when viewed three-dimensionally. The high frequency glass antenna for automobiles according to claim 2.   The high-frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna conductor has a shape and a dimension so as to have a reception function of a digital television broadcasting band.   The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to claim 3 or 19, wherein each of the first antenna conductor and the second antenna conductor has a shape and a dimension having a receiving function of a digital television broadcasting band.   The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the frequency of the received radio wave includes a frequency existing between 471 and 771 MHz.   The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the frequency of the received radio wave includes a frequency existing between 471 and 600 MHz.   The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the frequency of the received radio wave includes a frequency existing between 471 and 710 MHz.   The high frequency glass antenna for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the frequency of the received radio wave includes a frequency existing between 698 and 806 MHz.   The window glass board for motor vehicles provided with the antenna conductor, defogger, and island-shaped conductor in any one of Claims 1-34.

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